Digital Commons Network^™

Paleoethnobotanical Analysis Of Starch Grains And Phytoliths From Pre-Columbian Ceramic Residues In The Bolivian Amazon, Danielle Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The Llanos de Mojos of the southwestern Amazon region of Bolivia once supported large Pre-Columbian indigenous populations who were regarded as skilled farmers, and whose agricultural pursuits are still documented on the landscape through tens of thousands of raised fields. Nevertheless, the plants that were cultivated on these fields that contributed to a large part of the local cuisine are not well understood. Microbotanical analyses using starch grains and phytoliths of food residues were conducted on 55 archaeological ceramic fragments from four forest islands in Mojos where people resided recurrently from cal BCE 1200 to cal CE ~1430. The results …

The Precariat And The Pandemic: Assessing The Wellbeing Of Metro Orlando's Hospitality Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Caroline Austin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In 2018, the Orlando metro area was visited by 126.1 million tourists, a new record which the area has broken for its eighth year (Sanata 2019). As the number of visitors to the area continues to rise, so has the number of people employed by the hospitality industry which currently makes up the largest sector of the area's job market, employing 280,000 workers as of December 2019 (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Consistent growth in various insecure and unstable jobs of this kind have prompted the development of theory regarding the emergence of a new class known as the precariat. The …

Fruits In Dakhleh: Isotopic And Bayesian Mixed-Model Reconstruction Of Food Source Contributions And Diet At Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, Melissa Gomez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This thesis applies a new methodology to dietary reconstructions of a unique population excavated from Kellis 2, a Romano-Christian era (c.50-450 AD) cemetery located in the ancient city of Kellis, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. Previously, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on bulk hair keratin from 216 individuals to examine their dietary practices and health status. Although this research identified the presence of specific dietary choices in the community, the researchers were not able to determine what fraction of the diet was composed of those resources. This is the first such study to use a priori dietary reconstruction data …

Designing Policy Solutions To Build A Healthier Rural America, Sameer Vohra, Carolyn Ponter, Amanda Fogleman, Thomas Albers, Anish Patel, Elizabeth Weeks

Scholarly Works

Disparities exist in the livelihood and opportunities for people living in America’s rural communities. These differences result in a much sicker rural America compared to its urban counterpart. Rural counties have higher rates of smoking, obesity, child poverty, and teen pregnancies than urban counties. More uninsured adults live in rural areas, causing rural hospitals to close and/or cut vital services such as obstetrics care. Rural hospitals also provide fewer mental health services. The result is Americans living in rural areas are more likely to die from the five leading causes of death than those living in urban areas: heart disease, …

Data-Driven Identification Of Chemopreventive Agents For Breast Cancer, Deni̇z Can Güven, Cemal Orhan, Kazi̇m Şahi̇n, Fatih Mehmet Uçkun

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Preclinical animal models of breast cancer provide the opportunity to identify chemopreventive drugs with single-agent activity as well as effective multi-modality regimens for primary as well as secondary prevention in high-risk persons. Our group has used the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) mouse model of carcinogen-induced breast cancer to explore the clinical potential of two tyrosine kinase inhibitors and a nucleoside analog as chemopreventive agents. All three agents exhibited promising preclinical activity both as monotherapy and as components of combination therapy with the standard chemotherapy drug paclitaxel. The tumors developing despite chemoprevention were not only small and grew slowly, but they also displayed …

Effects Of Oral/Enteral Nutrition Alone Versus Plus Pantoprazole On Gastrointestinalbleeding In Critically Ill Patients With Low Risk Factor: A Multicenter, Randomizedcontrolled Trial, Kürşat Gündoğan, Emre Karakoc, Turgut Teke, Avşar Zerman, Ali̇ye Esmaoglu, Şahi̇n Temel, Muhammet Güven, Murat Sungur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Critically ill patients are at risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding due to stress causing mucosal damage. Aim of the study was to determine the effect of oral/enteral nutrition with or without concomitant pantoprazole on upper GI bleeding in low risk critically ill patients. Materials and methods: This was a prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter study conducted with intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving oral/enteral nutritional support. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups including intervention group (received oral/EN plus pantoprazole) and control group (received only oral/EN). Results: A total of 300 patients (intervention group: 152, control group: 148) participated …

Posterior Fossa Horns; A New Calvarial Finding Of Mucopolysaccharidoses With Well-Known Cranial Mri Features, Çağri Damar, Betül Emi̇ne Deri̇nkuyu, Muazzez Asburçe Bi̇ke Olgaç Kiliçkaya, Mehmet Öztürk, Çi̇ğdem Öztunali, Ayşe Gül Alimli, Öznur Leman Boyunaga, Murat Uçar, Fati̇h Süheyl Ezgü, Leyla Tümer, Alp Özgün Börcek, Ahmet Siğirci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of hereditary metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to share the previously unreported calvarial finding of internal hypertrophy of the occipitomastoid sutures (IHOMS) together with some other well- known cranial MRI findings in this patient series. Materials and methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted of 80 cranial MRIs of patients who had been diagnosed and followed up with MPS from 2008 to 2019 in our center. Of these patients, 11 had Hurler, 14 had Hunter, 24 had Sanfilippo, 15 had Morquio, 14 had Maroteaux-Lamy, and 2 had Sly disease. The cranial MRIs …

The Effect Of Baicalein On Wnt/Ss-Catenin Pathway And Mir-25 Expression In Saos-2 Osteosarcoma Cell Line, Esra Örenli̇li̇ Yaylagül, Celal Ülger

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy that occurs frequently in children and adolescents. Baicalein, a flavonoid that has attracted great attention in recent years with its strong antitumor activity, shows a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical effects.MicroRNAs have been found to be involved in many critical processes in cancers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of baicalein and miR-25 on Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway of osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2. Materials and methods: Cell viability was assessed, and qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to study the effects of baicalein on expression of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway-realted genes …

Determining The Age Of Spoiled Milk From Dried Films Using Attenuated Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (Atr Ft-Ir) Spectroscopy, Zack Richardson, David Perezguaita, Kamila Kochan, Bayden Wood

Articles

Milk spoilage is an inevitable occurrence, which generates waste and can result in food poisoning. When milk spoils, the off-flavor and curdling are due to excessive proliferation of various bacteria which causes pH changes. Time, temperature, environment,and previous handling practice all affects the spoilage rate. There is a need for a fast reliable and accurate method that can identify in situearly spoilage of milk. Here we show the ability of attenuated total reflectionFourier transformed infrared spectroscopy(ATR FT-IR) in conjunction with multivariate data analysis to predict the age of milk. We found that dried films vastly increased the absorbance of important …

Sdg 3: Good Health And Well-Being - Framing Targets To Maximise Co-Benefits For Forests And People, Rosemary A. Mcfarlane, John Barry, Guéladio Cissé, Maya Gislason, Marta Gruca, Kerryn Higgs, Pierre Horwitz, Giang Nguyen, Jane O'Sullivan, Subhashis Sahu, Colin D. Butler

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Key Points: The achievement of SDG 3 depends on many other SDGs; some SDGs are logically inconsistent, especially in the attempt to increase conventionally defined GDP while preserving natural capital. Any short-term gains for human health from further forest conversion (e.g. food production) creates short- and long-term, direct and indirect health risks for humans, as well as for other biota. Failure to ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare services (including family planning) will increase pressure on forests at local, regional and global scales. The burning and clearing of forests cause significant harm to health via impaired quality of …

Reckoning With Adjudication's Exceptionalism Norm, Emily S. Bremer

Journal Articles

Unlike rulemaking and judicial review, administrative adjudication is governed by a norm of exceptionalism. Agencies rarely adjudicate according to the Administrative Procedure Act’s formal adjudication provisions, and the statute has little role in defining informal adjudication or specifying its minimum procedural requirements. Due process has almost nothing to say about the matter.

The result is that there are few uniform, cross-cutting procedural requirements in adjudication, and most hearings are conducted using procedures tailored for individual agencies or programs. This Article explores the benefits and costs of adjudication’s exceptionalism norm, an analysis that implicates the familiar tension between uniformity and specialization …

The Impact Of Body Mass Index And Sociodemographic Factors On Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors Of Women With Young Children: A Cross-Sectional Examination, Danae M. Dinkel, Nicholas Hein, Kailey Snyder, Mohammad Siahpush, Shannon I. Maloney, Lynette M. Smith, Evi A. Farazi, Corrine K. Hanson

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

OBJECTIVES: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity provides multiple benefits to women after childbirth. To achieve these benefits, the recommendation that adults obtain, 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week and reduce sedentary behaviors, also applies to women in the post-partum phase of the life span. However, research examining the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors of women with young children (0-2 years) is limited. A greater understanding of these behaviors from a nationally representative sample is needed. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine the levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors of a nationally representative sample …

Doesn't Everybody Want To Be Healthy?, Jana L. Wardian Phd

Journal Articles: Hospital Medicine

No abstract provided.

A High Docosahexaenoic Acid Diet Alters The Lung Inflammatory Response To Acute Dust Exposure, Edward C. Dominguez, Art J. Heires, Jacqueline A. Pavlik, Tricia D. Larsen, Stephanie Guardado, Joseph H. Sisson, Michelle L. Baack, Debra J. Romberger, Tara M. Nordgren

Journal Articles: Internal Medicine

Agricultural workers are at risk for the development of acute and chronic lung diseases due to their exposure to organic agricultural dusts. A diet intervention using the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to be an effective therapeutic approach for alleviating a dust-induced inflammatory response. We thus hypothesized a high-DHA diet would alter the dust-induced inflammatory response through the increased production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). Mice were pre-treated with a DHA-rich diet 4 weeks before being intranasally challenged with a single dose of an extract made from dust collected from a concentrated swine feeding operation (HDE). …

Do The Current Health Behaviors Of Third-Year Medical Students Have Correlations With Their Frequency And Confidence In Counseling Of Patients On Preventive Health Behaviors?, Shelby L. Liesemeyer, Susan Evans, Jenenne A. Geske

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Criminal Deterrence: A Review Of The Missing Literature, Alex Raskolnikov

Faculty Scholarship

This review of the criminal deterrence literature focuses on the questions that are largely missing from many recent, excellent, comprehensive reviews of that literature, and from the literature itself. By “missing” I mean, first, questions that criminal deterrence scholars have ignored either completely or to a large extent. These questions range from fundamental (the distributional analysis of the criminal justice system), to those hidden in plain sight (economic analysis of misdemeanors), to those that are well-known yet mostly overlooked (the role of positive incentives, offender’s mental state, and celerity of punishment). I also use “missing” to refer to the areas …

Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake By Ethnicity, Income, And Education Level In The United States: Nhanes 2003-201414., Caleb A. Cave, Nicholas Hein, Lynette M. Smith, Ann Anderson-Berry, Chesney K. Richter, Karl Stessy M. Bisselou, Adams Kusi Appiah, Penny Kris-Etherton, Ann C. Skulas-Ray, Maranda Thompson, Tara M. Nordgren, Corrine K. Hanson, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Although there are many recognized health benefits for the consumption of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), intake in the United States remains below recommended amounts. This analysis was designed to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 LCPUFA intake (eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States adult population, based on education, income, and race/ethnicity, using data from the 2003-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (n = 44,585). Over this survey period, participants with less education and lower income had significantly lower n-3 LCPUFA intakes and fish intakes (p < 0.001 for all between group comparisons). N-3 LCPUFA intake differed significantly according to ethnicity (p < 0.001), with the highest intake of n-3 LCPUFA and fish in individuals in the "Other" category (including Asian Americans). Supplement use increased EPA + DHA intake, but only 7.4% of individuals consistently took supplements. Overall, n-3 LCPUFA intake in this study population was low, but our findings indicate that individuals with lower educational attainment and income are at even higher risk of lower n-3 LCPUFA and fish intake.

A Study Of The Relationship Between Menu Terminology And Political Identity, Darryl Mickler

Dissertations from the Executive Doctorate in Business Administration Program

Food consumption and the choices made in restaurants are not matters of simple utility. As research and industry practice has revealed, consumer choices may be influenced by any number of factors. Not least of these is the menu. While individual restaurants will research their menu strategies, such research is necessarily proprietary. This dissertation seeks to deepen the understanding of the influence of menu verbiage and add to the body of academic knowledge of the influence of the menu on consumers. Additionally, while academic research has assessed the influence of social identity on consumer's purchase intention in many industries, this has …

The Influence Of Baby Boomers’ Perceptions Of Well-Being On Their Preference In Post-Retirement Residential Alternatives As Moderated By Their Affinity For Technology, Eric J. Emerson

Dissertations from the Executive Doctorate in Business Administration Program

This study was premised on the idea that baby boomers, like anyone else, desire to maximize their well-being. That is, they seek situations that provide positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment (PERMA) which determine their personal appraisal of well-being based on both objective and subjective measures.

Thus, the purpose of the research was to identify the most important PERMA elements of well-being that the baby boomer cohort who have decided to retire but have not yet done so (i.e., pre-retirees), seek in their preference in post-retirement residence. Moreover, this study investigates the degree to which this group sees that …

Tracking Valued And Avoidant Functions With Health Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Acceptance And Commitment Therapy Matrix Mobile App, Michael E. Levin, Jennifer Krafft, Seth Seifert, Jason Lillis

Psychology Faculty Publications

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the acceptability and additive effects of self- monitoring avoidant and valued functions of behavior, in the context of self-monitoring physical activity and dietary behavior in a mobile app. The self-monitoring approach was based on the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Matrix. A sample of 102 adults interested in improving their diet and physical activity were randomized to a Health Behavior Tracking app (HBT), HBT plus ACT matrix app (HBT+ACT), or waitlist condition. Online self-report assessments were completed at baseline, mid (2 weeks), and post-intervention (4 weeks). Participants reported high usability, but mixed satisfaction with both …

Perceived Enablers And Barriers To The Implementation Of Pbis In A Rural Elementary School, Katherine Mechele Woodall

Theses and Dissertations

Embedded within the 1990 amendment of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was a mandate stipulating all school systems incorporate some form of PBIS. Elected officials thought it was necessary to implement positive behavior intervention and supports (PBIS) into school systems behavior plans due to the ever-increasing number of students with mild to severe behavioral issues. Behavior issues include truancy, verbal and physical abuse of teachers and peers, and depression, to name a few. These behavior issues negatively impact a student’s ability to make satisfactory academic progress as well as negatively impacting the learning of their peers.

Yet, despite …

A Comparative Study On Parental Involvement, Roldens Paulynice

Theses and Dissertations

Parental involvement has been found by many researchers to be important in student academic success. However, many school leaders are challenged to get many parents actively involved in their child’s education. At the research site, for example, the researcher observed that many parents do not get actively involved in their child’s education, and they miss the school parental meeting or programs. If this problem is solved, school staff members or leaders would care and would benefit from it. The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of educators on the impact of parental involvement on student success and …

Gut Microbiota Composition Is Correlated To Host Hummingbird Protein Requirements, Ryan C. Stanton , '20

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

The gut microbiome shapes and is shaped by a host animal’s physiology. Avian taxa hold physiological characteristics unique from mammals and might inform novel pressures experienced by microbial communities. Further, the symbionts’ relative abundance and their abilities to adapt to available resources are of critical importance to a holobiont’s fitness in rapidly changing climates. Therefore, wild populations of hummingbirds Selasphorus rufus and Calypte anna were studied. The two systems differ in S. rufus’s annual migrations from wintering grounds to their breeding grounds in the Pacific Northwest, whereas C. anna are resident in the latter region. Previous findings have indicated …

Severability As Deregulation: The Construction Of A New Doctrine Through Affordable Care Act Litigation, George Horvath

Faculty Scholarship

Scholars have sharply criticized the plaintiffs' severability argument in the ongoing challenge to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), California v. Texas, as a flawed application of contemporary severability doctrine that would disrupt broad swaths of the U.S. healthcare system. This Article argues that the severability argument put forward by the Texas plaintiffs, as well as the District Court's severability analysis in that case, the Department of Justice's severability argument on appeal, and the severability argument made by the so-called "Joint Dissent" in National Federation of Business v. Sebelius together represent an emerging doctrinal alternative to the traditional, Alaska Airlines severability …

Off-Label Drug Risks: Toward A New Fda Regulatory Approach, George Horvath

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Perceived Effects Of Bush Burning On Agriculture And Wildlife Resources In Ghana, Caitlin A. Wilson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Peace Corps was started in the 1960s by President John F. Kennedy. Ghana was one of the first established host countries that received Peace Corps Volunteers. There are five different sectors that volunteers can work in education, health, agriculture, environment, or community and economic development. Peace Corps service begins with ten weeks of pre-service training before volunteers swear in and are placed in communities throughout the country. Training covers topics such as global Peace Corps policy, health and security concerns, local language, and technical skills. I was placed in a small, rural community in the Northern Region of Ghana. My …

Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of Ergot Alkaloid Synthesizing Fungi And Their Symbionts, Matthew Duane Maust

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ergot alkaloids are fungal tryptophan derived toxins which affect mammalian circulation and neurotransmission. These compounds are biosynthesized by a conserved genetic pathway, known as the ergot alkaloid synthesis (EAS) pathway by fungi belonging to the ascomycete families Trichocomaceae and Clavicipitaceae. Several Ipomoea species and related plants in the morning glory family harbor vertically transmitted symbiotic fungi in the genus Periglandula, also members of Clavicipitaceae, that produce ergot alkaloids. Metabolomic analysis of seeds identified a previously uncharacterized glycoside form of the pharmaceutically important ergot alkaloid, ergonovine. Several species belonging to the fungal genus Metarhizium have recently been shown to have the …

Wv Dental Hygienists' Knowledge And Educational Approach For Pregnant Women, Isabella Hope Mcdaniel

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes have become a concern for dental professionals caring for pregnant women with poor oral health. Pregnant women may not be aware of their increased risk of bacterial infections in their oral tissues and how it could relate to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pre- term birth (PTB) and low birthweight babies (LBW). Dental healthcare professionals need to be well informed of risk related to poor oral health and have confidence to effectively educate pregnant women. PTB and LBW babies account for 1 million infant deaths annually. It is the responsibility of dental healthcare professionals to be …

The Effects Of Internal Physiology On Polyphenic Horn Development In The Dung Beetle Onthophagus Taurus, Naomi Garrett Williamson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An organism’s phenotype can be affected in development by alterations to gene expression based on environmental inputs. Nutrition is one such environmental input and the central regulator of development of large horn or small horn phenotypes in the dung beetle species, Onthophagus taurus. However, little is known about the nature of chemical compounds that are critical to this plastic horn development. To better understand these compounds, we are utilizing an untargeted metabolomic approach as well as a targeted gene approach. Through the metabolomic approach, it was uncovered that environmental conditions tend to have a greater impact on metabolomic composition …

Evaluating Inorganic Feed Phosphate Type And Further Potential Of Phytase Supplementation Using A Commercial Broiler Model, Angela Elsie Lamp

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Optimizing feed formulation of poultry diets may be achieved by proper utilization of nutrients and feed additives. This will provide a less expensive and nutrient efficient diet to the bird. An experiment was conducted to evaluate early broiler performance, tibia mineralization, and mineral digestibility of broilers fed diets that differed in inorganic feed phosphates (IFP) but that were formulated to be either similar in dietary non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) and calcium to phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), total mineral content, or calculated prececal digestible phosphorus (CPDP). Dicalcium phosphate (DCP), monodicalcium phosphate (MDP), monocalcium phosphate (MCP), and defluorinated phosphate were used in formulations with …