Digital Commons Network^™

Legalizing Midwifery In Missouri, Michael A. Wolff

All Faculty Scholarship

Two decades after the Missouri Supreme Court upheld an injunction against the practice of midwifery, two midwives became lobbyists for the cause and, with the remarkable cooperation of friendly legislators and lobbyists, got a provision inserted in a health bill legalizing the practice of tocology, a synonym for midwifery that went unnoticed by legislators who voted for the lengthy bill in which it was inserted. Medical associations sued to invalidate this "stealth" provision but their efforts failed when the Missouri Supreme Court declined to grant standing to the doctors to "protect" the interests of the public. Thirteen years later, the …

Regulatory Malfunctions In The Drug Patent Ecosystem, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

Patent protection for several of the world’s best-selling and most promising drugs — biologics — has begun waning. Over the next few years, many other drugs in this category will lose critical patent protection. In principle, this should open the United States market to competition, as more manufacturers are now able to produce relatively cheaper versions of these expensive drugs, known as biosimilars. That, however, has not been the case. This Article examines this problem in the context of the articulation between anticompetitive behaviors and regulatory interventions in the biopharmaceutical arena, and argues for a novel solution: a timelier response …

Queer Sacrifice In Masterpiece Cakeshop, Jeremiah A. Ho

All Faculty Scholarship

This Article interprets the Supreme Court’s 2018 decision, Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd. v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, as a critical extension of Derrick Bell’s interest convergence thesis into the LGBTQ movement. Chiefly, Masterpiece reveals how the Court has been more willing to accommodate gay individuals who appear more assimilated and respectable—such as those who participated in the marriage equality decisions—than LGBTQ individuals who are less “mainstream” and whose exhibited queerness appear threatening to the heteronormative status quo. When assimilated same-sex couples sought marriage in Obergefell v. Hodges, their respectable personas facilitated the alignment between their interests to marry and the Court’s …

Center For Progressive Reform Report: Protecting Workers In A Pandemic--What The Federal Government Should Be Doing, Thomas Mcgarity, Michael C. Duff, Sidney A. Shapiro

All Faculty Scholarship

The "re-opening" of the American economy while the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 is still circulating puts workers at heightened risk of contracting the deadly virus. In some blue-collar industries, the risk is particularly acute because of the inherent nature of the work itself and of the workplaces in which it is conducted. And the risk, for a variety of reasons, falls disproportionately on people of color and low-income workers. With governors stay-at-home orders and other pandemic safety restrictions, Center for Progressive Reform Member Scholars Thomas McGarity, Michael Duff, and Sidney Shapiro examine the federal government's many missed opportunities to stem …

An Epic Fail, Marsha Griggs

All Faculty Scholarship

All at once, the U.S. found itself embattled with the threat of COVID-19, the new normal of social distancing, and the perennial scourge of racial injustice. While simultaneously battling those ills, the class of 2020 law graduates found themselves also contending with inflexible bar licensing policies that placed at risk their health, safety, and careers. During a global health pandemic, bar licensing authorities made the bar exam a moving target riddled with uncertainty and last-minute cancellations. This costly and unsettling uncertainty surrounding the bar exam administration was unnecessary because multiple alternatives were available to safely license new attorneys. A ball …

Personalized Learning: An Engagement Strategy For At-Risk Student Populations, Abbigail Morris

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Personalized learning in the United States experienced a resurgence in the educational landscape as a result of increased technology access and computing power. The availability of affordable technology, software solutions, and access to the Internet led to the infiltration of technology into personalized learning approaches and provided a new platform for personalized learning advocates. Engagement and student agency were components of personalized learning attracting many educators to reinvest in personalized learning opportunities. This study focused on a rural, western Kentucky school district that piloted personalized learning through a blended learning environment. The study sought to measure engagement levels of both …

Understanding Educators’ Experiences During Long-Term School Closures, Jessica Pryor, Jessica Pryor

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

In the spring of 2020, many public places closed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most public schools in the United States suddenly closed buildings as educators and students scrambled to adapt to distance education. This phenomenological, qualitative study holistically explores elementary educators’ experiences during the extended school closures. The 18current elementary educators who participated in individual interviews, served rural, elementary students. Individual interviews allowed participants to discuss and explain their experiences concerning methods, materials, time commitments, and communication with colleagues, parents, and students. They also discussed how they used feedback to alter their teaching. The interviews were conducted during …

The Role Of Different Tv Storytelling Approaches In Engaging U.S. Hispanic Parents And Caregivers Around Early Childhood Development, Caty Borum Chattoo, Lauren Feldman, Amy Henderson Riley

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Educational achievement gaps exist between racial and ethnic groups in the United States; early childhood readiness, fostered in part by parents and caregivers, is crucial. To respond to this challenge, the Univision television network produced content that aired across 3 storytelling genres (scripted drama, reality, news) to entertain and educate Hispanic parents and primary caregivers of children ages 0–5 years about early brain development interventions. This pretest/posttest experimental study assessed the impact of each genre and found significant direct effects on knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions; the effects were mediated by perceived entertainment value and positive emotions.

'Terroristic Threats' And Covid-19: A Guide For The Perplexed, Chad Flanders, Courtney Federico, Eric Harmon, Lucas Klein

All Faculty Scholarship

The first few months of the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States saw the rise of a troubling sort of behavior: people would cough or spit on people or otherwise threaten to spread the COVID-19 virus, resulting in panic and sometimes thousands of dollars’ worth of damages to businesses. Those who have been caught doing this — or have filmed themselves doing it — have been charged under so-called “terroristic threat” statutes. But what is a terroristic threat, and is it an appropriate charge in these cases? Surprisingly little has been written about these statutes given their long history and …

Covid-19 And The Conundrum Of Mask Requirements, Robert Gatter, Seema Mohapatra

All Faculty Scholarship

As states begin to loosen their COVID-19 restrictions, public debate is underway about what public health measures are appropriate. Many states have some form of mask-wearing orders to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection. Public health guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization has conflicted. From a public health point of view, it is not clear what the right answer is. In the absence of directives, individuals are also making their own choices about mask use. At a time when public health measures, like shelter-in-place orders and social distancing, are being used to …

Challenges 1to Building Synergy Between Indigenous Knowledge And Academic Libraries In Ghana, Florence Dedzoe-Dzokotoe Plockey Mrs., Charlotte Yembil, Banleman Konlan

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Literature on libraries in Africa have tended to focus on changing from oral culture to a written one. This article focus on the indigenous knowledge traditions and academic libraries to unveil emerging forms that forge complementarities as a basis for building synergy. The paper support the argument that academic libraries are critical contributors to knowledge generation/production. However, researchers further accords a similar role for Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and its producers. Thus, the IK community becomes a critical player rather than mere beneficiaries of knowledge production. They are essential collaborators in the production of a decolonized, inclusive and functional knowledge system. …

Building Your Researcher Portfolio With Orcid (Library Workshop), Shilpa Rele, Benjamin H. Saracco

Library Workshops

Learning objectives:

• Attendees will learn about ORCID.
• Attendees will learn about benefits of having an ORCID to researchers.
• Attendees will gain understanding of how ORCIDs fit into the research workflow.

Description:

ORCIDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDentifiers) are useful to all who participate in research, scholarship, and innovation. An ORCID helps to uniquely identify and connect researchers to their contributions and affiliations across time, disciplines, and borders. In this workshop, attendees will learn more about ORCIDs, their benefits and their significance in the research workflow. There will also be time during the workshop to create ORCIDs if an attendee does …

Annual Report Of The Registrar 2019/2020, University Of Northern Iowa

Institutional Effectiveness & Planning Documents

Contents:

--- Definitions
--- Some Comparisons
--- Annual Report Data
--- Summary of Attendance
--- Attendance by Session
--- Degrees Granted 2019/20
--- Degree Summary 2019/20
--- Program Certificates 2019/20
--- Miscellaneous Enrollment Information
--- Degrees Granted by College, Degree and Racial/Ethnic Classification

Disclosure Of Trans & Gender Variant Identities By Students To Students, C. A. Brimmer

Graduate Research Papers

In this study the ways in which trans and gender variant students come out to their cisgender peers is discussed utilizing a framework of communication privacy management (CPM), which is broken down into privacy ownership, privacy control, and privacy turbulence. Foundationally, this work was intended to magnify the experiences of trans and gender variant students in addition to expanding the application of CPM to the experiences of those who transition across binaries and who eschew them altogether. Previous literature examines CPM in a binarily gendered way, and does not take into account how the appearance of bodies can disclose private …

35 Update: Responses On Creativity Structure From Faculty, University Of Northern Iowa. General Education Re-Envisioning Committee.

General Education Re-envisioning Committee Documents

The survey responses to the section concerning the creativity outcomes conducted in early 2020.

Accessibility Of Deepfakes, Andrew L. Collings

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The danger posed by falsified media, commonly referred to as deepfakes, has been well researched and documented. The software Faceswap to was used to swap the faces of two politician (Joe Biden and Donald Trump). The testing was performed using an affordable consumer GPU (an AMD Radeon RX 570) over 100,000 iterations. The process and results for the two attempts with the best results (and largest differences) were recorded. The result was ultimately unconvincing, while the software was able to recreate the facial structure the lighting and skin tone did not blend at all.

The Interdisciplinary Impacts Of Technology Semantics And Communicational Bypassing In The Cybersecurity Field, Brooke Nixon

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

In 2012, former director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Robert Mueller shocked many when he warned, “[t]here are only two types of companies: those that have been hacked and those that will be.” As technology and information systems develop rapidly, security has become a topic of increasing interest and concern. In 2018, it was noted that the total cost to account for cybercrime on a global scale surpassed US$1 billion (Milkovich, 2020). In the United States, a hacker attack occurs every 39 seconds, and each year, 1 in 3 Americans are personally impacted by a form of hacking …

Iowa Journal Of Communication, Volume 52, Number 1, Fall 2020 [Download Entire Issue]

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

"I Never Did Those Things They Said!": Image, Coercive Control, And Intrusion From Former Partners' Techology-Mediated Abuse, Katie Lever, Jessica Eckstein

Iowa Journal of Communication

The pervasive nature of the internet and social media presents new dynamics for abuse perpetrators engaging in obsessive relational intrusion practices. Drawing on Katz and Aakhus’s (2002) Theory of Apparatgeist, we explore how abuse victims understand the “spirit” of technology when used against them. Victims’ (N = 187) qualitative responses were analyzed to uncover meanings attributed to technology-mediated abuse after leaving their violent partners. Primary themes of harassing intrusion and coercive control were understood by participants in a number of ways – both overlapping and distinct. We discuss these findings in terms of victims’ primary identity concerns related to presenting …

The Impact Of Virutal Connectedness On Boundary Management Choices, Kim Smith

Iowa Journal of Communication

Technological innovation has created countless opportunities for employees to complete their work anytime, anywhere using nontraditional work arrangements. The proliferation of communication technology use, along with organizational responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, challenge the traditional types of boundaries that employees typically create around their work and home roles. This study connects boundary management profiles developed by Kossek, Ruderman, Braddy, and Hannum in 2012 to the concept of virtual connectedness, suggesting that the extent to which an employee is virtually tied to their organization may influence the amount of control that individual has over their work-nonwork boundaries. Findings suggest that, while …

Discontinuance In Fitness Tracking Apps: An Analysis Using A Diffusion Of Innovations Approach, Kristin Maki, Arun Vishwanath

Iowa Journal of Communication

The diffusion of innovations (DOI) framework has been robust in predicting and explaining the dispersion of numerous innovations. However, despite the prominence of DOI within practical and academic research, discontinuation continues to be an understudied phenomenon. The present study aims to redress this void by examining discontinuation within the context of fitness apps. In addition to examining this construct, the theory of self-monitoring is included as a potential explanatory factor. The present study uses survey results from a sample of undergraduate students (N = 241). The data were analyzed with hierarchical logistic regression, with the results showing an association between …

Gossip Via Text Message: Motivation For Using Text Messaging To Share Gossip, Samantha Quinn

Iowa Journal of Communication

Gossip is common in human communication as individuals are constantly sharing information with and about others. Yet, how we gossip to share information in a technologically advanced world is ever-changing. The present study takes a novel approach to studying gossip by focusing on gossip taking place via text messaging (short message service; SMS), namely, examining individuals’ experiences and motivations for sharing gossip over SMS. Little research exists on gossiping via SMS. Using a functional approach and an online questionnaire the study investigated motivations for and functions of gossip over text message. Additionally, the impact of gossiping via SMS on the …

Book Review: "How To Survive A Pandemic" By John Hudson, Lyricc King

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Front Matter - Table Of Contents - Preface

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Iowa Journal Of Communication, Volume 52, Number 2, Spring 2020 [Download Entire Issue]

Iowa Journal of Communication

No abstract provided.

Who Feels All The Feels? Individual Differences In Emotional Responses To And Enjoyment Of Depictions Of Romantic Relationships, Valerie Ellen Kretz

Iowa Journal of Communication

This experiment investigated relationship satisfaction and attachment orientations as moderators of emotional responses to and enjoyment of typical movie and television relationship portrayals. The effects of comedy versus drama exposure were also examined. Participants were 306 adults. Results showed that participants with higher relationship satisfaction experienced more amusement in response to the comedies and hope in response to the romantic movies than those with less satisfaction. Participants with higher attachment avoidance experienced less romantic feeling and hope in response to the romantic movies and less amusement in response to the comedies than those with less avoidance. Main effects of relationship …

"We Post Pictures To Prove We Are Best Friends": Igen Friendship Characteristics And Maintenance Strategies, Riley Redd, Mackenzie Regen, Margaret Mcpherson, Sydeney Shaw, Alyssa Cole, Kennedy Johnson, Brianna Lane, Linda Manning

Iowa Journal of Communication

This mixed methods study assesses how iGen experience high school and college friendships. Researchers administered an online survey to 109 undergraduates to test relational maintenance strategies, friendship satisfaction, and friendship solidarity. Results revealed that in high school friendships, most maintenance strategies are positively correlated with satisfaction and solidarity. In college friendships, all maintenance strategies, satisfaction, and solidarity are positively correlated. Semi-structured interviews with 23 undergraduates yielded three themes: origin stories, characteristics of friends, and maintenance strategies. Similarities and differences between high school and college friendships are discussed.

Smart Communities: From Sensors To Internet Of Things And To A Marketplace Of Services, Stephan Olariu, Nirwan Ansari (Editor), Andreas Ahrens (Editor), Cesar Benavente-Preces (Editor)

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Our paper was inspired by the recent Society 5.0 initiative of the Japanese Government that seeks to create a sustainable human-centric society by putting to work recent advances in technology: sensor networks, edge computing, IoT ecosystems, AI, Big Data, robotics, to name just a few. The main contribution of this work is a vision of how these technological advances can contribute, directly or indirectly, to making Society 5.0 reality. For this purpose we build on a recently-proposed concept of Marketplace of Services that, in our view, will turn out to be one of the cornerstones of Society 5.0. Instead of …

Liquid Gold, Katrice Bridges Copeland

Faculty Scholarship

According to federal health and census data, addiction treatment was a $21 billion business in 2003. By 2020, it is expected to double to $42 billion. The opioid crisis has fueled the growth of the industry by increasing the demand for residential drug treatment programs. Astronomical growth of an industry, however, often invites bad actors.

Bad actors have swarmed the residential drug treatment industry. One category of bad actors includes patient brokers, who recruit drug addicts with health insurance to residential drug treatment centers for sizeable kickbacks. Another category of bad actors are the owners and operators of treatment centers …

The New Oil And Gas Governance, Hannah Jacobs Wiseman, Tara K. Righetti, James W. Coleman

Faculty Scholarship

As technologies change and the scale of human activity grows, so too does the law. The surge of oil and gas production in the United States, spurred by hydraulic fracturing in shale formations, has fomented a sea change in oil and gas law, substantially infusing this area with more complex environmental and property principles. Widespread demands for legal and policy-based solutions to the environmental and social impacts of oil production and fracking have transformed the field from one focused on maximizing fossil fuel production into one of environmental conservation. This is dramatically demonstrated by sweeping Colorado legislation in 2019, changes …