Digital Commons Network^™

The Four Functions Of Management - An Essential Guide To Management Principles, Robert Lloyd, Wayne Aho

Management Open Educational Resources

The purpose of this book is to provide an introduction to the four essential functions of management. The history of management, managerial decision making as well as business strategy are covered in addition to an in depth exploration of the planning, organizing, leading and controlling roles of the contemporary manager. This text was written with simplicity in mind, and a hyper-focus on the four functions. The intended use of this book is to give students a mastery of these fundamentals to prepare them for their more complex applications in subsequent management courses.

Perceptions Of Surgeons On Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Use At Aga Khan Hospital, Dar Es Salaam., Elizabeth Elibariki Mmari

Master of Medicine in General Surgery

Introduction: Surgical site infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among operated patients. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention and reduction of incidence of surgical site infection is widespread. In spite of the accessibility of universal and national guidelines for surgical prophylaxis, recent studies surveying the present routine of prophylaxis have demonstrated overutilization of a wide range antibacterial medications for a single patient. Few studies have shown qualitatively factors influencing this, and perceptions of surgeons on surgical antibiotic prophylaxis use. Unfortunately, none of these studies have been done in Tanzania. Objective: To describe the perceptions of surgeons …

A Multi-Stage Machine Learning Approach To Predict Dengue Incidence: A Case Study In Mexico, Annalisa Appice, Yulia R. Gel, Iliyan Iliev, Vyacheslav Lyubchich, Donato Malerba

Faculty Publications

© 2013 IEEE. The mosquito-borne dengue fever is a major public health problem in tropical countries, where it is strongly conditioned by climate factors such as temperature. In this paper, we formulate a holistic machine learning strategy to analyze the temporal dynamics of temperature and dengue data and use this knowledge to produce accurate predictions of dengue, based on temperature on an annual scale. The temporal dynamics are extracted from historical data by utilizing a novel multi-stage combination of auto-encoding, window-based data representation and trend-based temporal clustering. The prediction is performed with a trend association-based nearest neighbour predictor. The effectiveness …

The Evaluation Of Functional Feeds Additives In Commercial Conditions With The Pacific White Leg Shrimp, Kurt Servin

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Given the rapid expansion of aquaculture globally and with the Litopenaeus vannamei sector making a significant contribution to seafood production, there is an urgent need to address diet and feed formulation focused on sustainability and novel ingredients, without using chemotherapeutics. This thesis explores three bioactive natural agents used in shrimp diets to mitigate the threat of disease and confer a more resilient shrimp: (i) β-glucans and yeast-derived components as functional feed additives; (ii) a blend of phytobiotic herbal extractives and yeast (YAH); and (iii) Tuna Protein Hydrolysate (TLH) as growth-promoting and immunostimulants. All studies were conducted on juvenile shrimp in …

Potentials Of Plant-Based Substance To Inhabit And Probable Cure For The Covid-19, Israt Jahan, Ahmet Onay

Turkish Journal of Biology

COVID-19 has been the most devastating pandemic in human history. Despite the highest scientific efforts and investments, a reliable and certified medication has yet to be developed regarding to immune or cure this virus. However, while synthetic medications are gaining the focus of attentions, it appears from a significant number of recent studies that plant-based substances could also be potential candidates for developing effective and secure remedies against this novel disease. Citing such recent works, this review primarily demonstrates the antiviral potentials of medicinal plants for inhibiting human coronaviruses. It also shows the importance of antiviral plants substances, particularly in …

Mechanisms Of Pathogen Inactivation In Wastewater And Pharmaceutical Applications, Christa L. Meingast

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Infectious diseases are a significant threat to public health. Though society enacts practices to prevent the spread of these dangerous diseases, challenges remain. Therefore, continual advancements in treatment and prevention are required. Wastewater treatment and viral clearance in pharmaceutical applications are two key health measures that prevent the spread of infections.

A low-cost, low-technology biosolids treatment process was developed to improve wastewater treatment by collecting key information on storage temperature, ammonia, volatile solids, moisture content, pH, and pathogen inactivation in biosolids over long-term storage at two wastewater treatment plants located in northern climates of the United States. Inactivation of pathogens …

Detection And Thermal Stabilization Of Virus Based On Surface Properties, Xue Mi

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Viral diseases take the lives of millions of people each year. The most effective methods to prevent viral disease outbreak are viral detection to reduce contact with viral pathogens and vaccines to prevent disease. To reduce the costs of the detection of viruses and improve vaccine formulation, we explored viral surface properties. The properties we have focused on are viral hydrophobicity and surface charge using chemical force microscopy (CFM). CFM is a single-particle technique that measures the adhesion force of a functionalized atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe, and in this study, a virus covalently bound to a surface. The non-enveloped …

Continuous Viral Vaccine Manufacturing And Viral Detection Strategies, Dylan G. Turpeinen

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Viruses are responsible for many human diseases that lead to suffering and death. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have claimed the lives of millions of people. Two methods have been created to reduce the suffering caused by these diseases. The first is the manufacturing of vaccines that prevent disease and the second is the development of virus detection tests that lead to treatment. The work summarized in this dissertation discusses the development of a continuous virus purification process using an aqueous two-phase system for use in vaccine manufacturing. Additionally, two novel virus detection methods were …

Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Manufacturing From Yeast, Ananya Ananya

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Influenza virus has an intrinsic nature to undergo mutations. Hence, there have been struggles to combat this disease since the time when the worst influenza pandemic first hit in 1918. Vaccines have proved to be effective in controlling the spread of the influenza A virus by providing herd immunity. However, the contemporary design of influenza A virus based on egg and cell-culture is not efficient in tackling influenza A virus transformation. Virus-like particles (VLPs) have established themselves as a potental platform for future vaccine candidates. VLPs have all the credentials to supplant contemporary vaccine designs without compromising on immunogenicity. For …

Biocide Resistance As A Result Of Exposure To Biocides Used In Hydraulic Fracturing, Lindsey Schenten

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Microbial resistance to antimicrobials is an important topic to investigate not only for our health but for the environment. There is a growing concern about expanding microbial resistance to both antibiotics and other antimicrobials such as biocides. We wanted to know how bacteria previously exposed to hydraulic fracturing fluids, including biocides, would react to biocide exposure and what the mechanism of resistance looked like. In order to test this hypothesis bacterial isolates were obtained from water and sediment from a stream that had been previously exposed to a spill of hydraulic fracturing water. Thirty bacterial isolates were obtained from these …

Alternatives To Red Blood Cell Transfusions, Julia Prosser

Capstone Showcase

Abstract

Introduction: Allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are used for a number of different reasons. As with any medical procedure, allogenic RBC transfusions are not risk-free. Since the first recorded blood transfusion in 1655, the process has remained relatively unchanged. ABO incompatibility and contamination with infectious diseases are two major complications associated with RBC transfusions. Furthermore, traditional allogenic RBC transfusions have supply and demand issues. These issues, plus several more, could be alleviated with the use of artificial blood. This paper addresses the important clinical question: In patients who require RBC transfusions (P), is there a viable artificial blood …

Doctor Youtube’S Opinion On Seasonal Influenza: A Critical Appraisal Of The Information Available To Patients, Akhil Kallur, Ahmad Albalbissi, Ismael Carillo-Martin, Boonphiphop Boonpheng, Lakshmi Kallur, Yaman Kherallah, Akhilesh Mahajan, Shayan Mahapatra, Kaushik Mohan, Priyasree Mohan, Keerti Reddy, Pratyaksha Sankhyan, Sonia Lopez-Alvarez, Dima Youssef, Adel M. El Abbassi, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: Seasonal influenza is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. During the 2017–2018 flu season, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noted approximately 959,000 hospitalizations and 79,400 deaths from influenza. We sought to evaluate the educational quality of informational videos pertaining to seasonal influenza on the popular social media forum, YouTube. Methods: Using the keywords “seasonal influenza,” all videos from 28 January to 5 February 2017 were included and analyzed for characteristics, source, and content. The source was further classified as healthcare provider, alternative-medicine provider, the patient and/or their parents, company, media, or professional society. Videos about …

Relationship Between Economy, Education, Population, Healthcare And Prevalence Of Hiv/Aids In Nigeria, Bernard Odelola

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

HIV/AIDS has been described as one of the deadliest epidemics of our lifetime. With the global efforts to scale down the effect of this disease through innovative programs, scientific researches and medical advancement, little success has been recorded in least developed nations. Nigeria is still one of the nations that is yet to achieve huge success in the fight against HIV/AIDS and meet Millennium Development Goal on HIV. Arguably, government needs to intensify more efforts in searching for factors that increase the prevalence of the disease.

To further understand the epidemic, this thesis is designed to study and answer research …

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant Activity And Polyphenol Content Of Aerial Parts And Bulbs Of Allium Schugnanicum., Saidbeg Satorov, F. Mirzoeva, Sh. Kurbonbekova, Sh. Satorov, M. Vakhidova, Vyacheslav Dushenkov

Publications and Research

Objective: То study of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity, and content of polyphenols in the bulb and aerial parts of an endemic species of onion A. schugnanicum. Methods: An ethanol-based extract was prepared from fresh plants. Total polyphenolic content (Folin) and ABTS antioxidant capacity assays were used to characterized extracts. Extracts obtained from bulbs, peduncle, and seeds demonstrated antibacterial activity against the reference Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 4929), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 4930) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4927) strains, as well as against the hospital strains of the same types of bacteria, i.e. strains isolated from inpatient surgical patients. Results: The study …

High-Throughput Two-Stage Dereplication Of Cave Bacteria To Discover Novel Antibiotic Compounds, Alexander Archey

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Since their discovery over a century ago, antibiotics have been a staple of combating infectious diseases. However, bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics through a variety of mechanisms. Efforts to identify new antibiotics often fail by discovering already-known antibiotics, or failing to synthesize new antibiotics that are safe for clinical use. The aim of this research was to dereplicate bacteria- to screen for antibiotic production in- normally isolated in cave ecosystems. Using two new technologies, the Antibiotic Resistance Platform (ARP) and a data acquisition and bioinformatics technique (IDBac), my dereplicating method allowed high throughput of bacterial screening for antibiotics. In this …

Critical Issues In Health, Janet R. Heller

Open Educational Resources

This is a personal health course for today's college student. Topics cover basic information on mental health, nutrition, substance use disorder, violence prevention, chronic diseases, infectious diseases and reproductive health.

Contents include as OER reading list and a sample outline.

A revised syllabus was added on July 28, 2026. The changes were made to reflect more current information.

Insecticidal Effect Of Diatomaceous Earth And Dolomite Powder Against Corn Weevilsitophilus Zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Alyssa Cristina Oliveira Freitas, Adriana Aparecida Sinopólis Gigliolli, Ronaldo Roberto Tait Caleffe Caleffe, Helio Conte

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) which develops inside the grain, is an aggressive pest of stored grains. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of diatomaceous earth (DE), Diatomita CI/325 CX, and dolomite (DOL), Dolomita Dr. Kanyo, against S. zeamais reared on corn under laboratory conditions and observed external alterations on treated insects using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Insects treated with both DE and DOL were impregnated with particles on the body surface, and they showed 100% mortality after 10 days of exposure. Damages caused by inert dusts may have contributed to dehydration and desiccation, consequently, leading insects to death. Thus, …

Hsp90 Inhibition And Modulation Of The Proteome: Therapeutical Implications For Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (Ipf), Ruben Manuel Luciano Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel Solopov, Betsy Gregory, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a catastrophic disease with poor outcomes and limited pharmacological approaches. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has been recently involved in the wound-healing pathological response that leads to collagen deposition in patients with IPF and its inhibition represents an exciting drug target against the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, HSP90 guarantees proteostasis through the refolding of damaged proteins and the degradation of irreversibly damaged ones. Additionally, its inhibition, by specific HSP90 inhibitors (e.g., 17 AAG, 17 DAG, and AUY-922) has proven beneficial in different preclinical models of human disease. HSP90 inhibition modulates a complex …

Recapitulating The Bayesian Framework For Neurosurgical Outpatient Care And A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Telemedicine For Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Patients In The Philippines During The Pandemic, Kevin Paul Ferraris, Jared Paul Golidtum, Brian Karlo W. Zuñiga, Maria C G Bautista, Jose Carlos Alcazaren, Kenny Seng, Joseph Erroll Navarro

Graduate School of Business Publications

Objective: In the Philippines during recent months, a neurosurgical center that caters primarily to socioeconomically disadvantaged patients has encountered unprecedented changes in practice patterns brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the usual task of outpatient care has shifted to the telemedicine format, bringing along all of its attendant advantages and gargantuan challenges. The authors sought to determine the responsiveness of this telemedicine setup to the needs of their disadvantaged patients and explored the application of Bayesian inference to enhance the use of teleconsultation in daily clinical decision-making. Methods: The authors used the following methods to assess the telemedicine …

Identification And Genomic Characterization Of Candidate Starch And Lactate Utilizing Bacteria From The Rumen Of Beef Cattle, Venkata Bandarupalli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The rumen functions as an anaerobic fermentation chamber where microbial communities ferment feedstuffs into SCFAs. These SCFAs are critical to the ruminant host since they fulfill 70% of its energy requirements. In intensive management systems, ruminants are fed with grain-rich diets, which contain high levels of starch that help meet the energy demands of high producing animals. When grain-based diets are fed to ruminants, ruminal amylolytic and lactate metabolizing bacteria predominate. Grain overload can cause rapid production and accumulation of lactate, resulting in proliferation of amylolytic bacteria and death of lactate metabolizing bacteria. Consequently, high lactate levels result in a …

Identification Of Imiquimod As A Potential Combination For Anti-Cd47 Antibodies In Cancer Therapy, Nicole Brittaney Pang

Scripps Senior Theses

The avenues of targeted immunotherapy offers a promise of less toxic treatment options for those battling different forms of cancer. Specifically, the process of hijacking a patient’s own immune system to fight cancer from within versus using external treatments like chemotherapy which is extremely damaging to the patient. One such avenue includes the usage of monoclonal antibodies as an effective modality for immunotherapy. Cluster of Differentiation 47 (CD47), also known as the ‘don’t eat me signal’, aids in cell proliferation and evasion of phagocytosis and has been found to be a target for stopping tumorigenesis. Previous research has been successful …

Operationalizing Healthcare Big Data In The Electronic Health Records Using A Heatmap Visualization Technique, Don Roosan, Mazharul Karim, Jay Chok, Moom Roosan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: The majority of the electronic health record (EHR) contains a wealth of information, including unstructured notes. Healthcare professionals may be missing substantial portions of essential diagnostic and treatment information by not focusing on unstructured texts. The objective of this study is to present progress notes data using heatmap visualization. Methods: In this study, the research team used the unstructured text from the progress notes of deidentified patient data. The research team conducted qualitative content-coding based on the clinical complexity model and developed a heatmap based on the processed frequency data. Result: The researchers developed a color-coded heatmap focusing on …

Severe Air Pollution Events Not Avoided By Reduced Anthropogenic Activities During Covid-19 Outbreak, P F. Wang, K Y. Chen, S Q. Zhu, P Wang, P F. Wang

Faculty Publications

Due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, almost all avoidable activities in China are prohibited since Wuhan announced lockdown on January 23, 2020. With reduced activities, severe air pollution events still occurred in the North China Plain, causing discussions regarding why severe air pollution was not avoided. The Community Multi-scale Air Quality model was applied during January 01 to February 12, 2020 to study PM2.5 changes under emission reduction scenarios. The estimated emission reduction case (Case 3) better reproduced PM2.5. Compared with the case without emission change (Case 1), Case 3 predicted that PM2.5 concentrations decreased by …

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection In A Cohort Of Hiv Infected Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve Adults, Adil Suleiman Salyani

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are endemic to sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with co-infection being common. Infection with HIV is a risk factor for occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI), defined as presence of HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Occult hepatitis B virus infection is further classified based on HBV DNA level as true (/mL) or false (≥200 IU/mL). Presence of OBI is associated with development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Objectives: The primary outcome was to determine the prevalence of OBI in anti-retroviral therapy (ART) …

The Behavioral Ecology Of The Tibetan Macaque, Jin-Hua Li, Peter M. Kappeler, Lixing Sun

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

This open access book summarizes the multi-disciplinary results of one of China’s main primatological research projects on the endemic Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana), which had continued for over 30 years, but which had never been reported on systematically. Dedicated to this exceptional Old World monkey, this book makes the work of Chinese primatologists on the social behavior, cooperation, culture, cognition, group dynamics, and emerging technologies in primate research accessible to the international scientific community.

Hpv Immunization Intervention Application In Rural Arkansas, Randi M. Wright

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) contracted with over 33,000 cases of cancer attributable to the virus in the United States. The socioeconomical impact of HPV can be combatted with the HPV vaccine which is almost 100 percent successful in preventing infection. A strong provider recommendation is the most effective way to increase HPV vaccination. A private clinic in Arkansas with a total of 13 employees were provided HPV vaccination education. A survey was provided to evaluate knowledge on the topic prior to the presentation. An intervention bundle including 9 changes to vaccination procedures was …

Differences In Induced Labor And Cesarean Section For Millennial And Generation-X Women, Emmanuel Lungu

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Objective - To explore differences in cesarean delivery and induced labor between Generation X and Millennial women at the same age, 20-35 Method – A retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2001 and 2016. Women aged 20 to 35 in 2001(Generation X) and 2016 (Millennials) were included. OB outcome measures were compared at the same age to understand the trends in the interventions and the characteristics of women who receive them. Results - Millennial women compared to Generation-X women were 32% (95% CI 1.31-1.33) more likely to have cesarean delivery, and 28 % (95% …

Inspire : Vol 3, Issue 1, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

Content

• Message From the Chair
• Global Fund TB Audit-Reviewing diagnostic algorithms used for clinical diagnosis of TB
• Student Research Forum’s 5th Journal Club
• Cardiac MRI experience at Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center
• Featured Faculty: Ms Safia Awan “Don’t ever give up on your dreams.”
• What are Academics Around the World Reading This Month?
• Publications

Established Adulthood: A New Conception Of Ages 30 To 45, Clare M. Mehta, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, Carlie G. Palmer, Larry J. Nelson

Psychology

In developed countries, the years from Age 30 to 45 are, for many, the most intense, demanding, and rewarding years of adult life. During this period of the life span most adults must negotiate the intersecting demands of progressing in a chosen career, maintaining an intimate partnership, and caring for children. Successes or difficulties in meeting these simultaneous demands have the potential to profoundly influence the direction of a person's adult life. As such, we believe that it is of critical importance to better understand this developmental period that we call established adulthood. This article provides a new theoretical conceptualization …

A Case Of Mixed Anxiety Depression In The Covid-19 Lockdown, Dr Hrishikesh Solunke, Dr Kishor M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.