Digital Commons Network^™

Susceptibility Of Swine Cells And Domestic Pigs To Sars-Cov-2, David A. Meekins, Igor Morozov, Jessie D. Trujillo, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Dashzeveg Bold, Mariano Carossino, Bianca L. Artiaga, Sabarish V. Indran, Taeyong Kwon, Velmurugan Balaraman, Daniel W. Madden, Heinz Feldmann, Jamie Henningson, Wenjun Ma, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Juergen A. Richt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Framework For A Community Health Observing System For The Gulf Of Mexico Region: Preparing For Future Disasters, P Sandifer, L Knapp, M Lichtveld, R Manley, P Sandifer, R Caffey, D Cochran, T Collier, K Ebi, L Engel, J Farrington, M Finucane, C Hale, D Halpern, E Harville, L Hart, Y Hswen, B Kirkpatrick, B Mcewen, G Morris, R Orbach, L Palinkas, M Partyka, D Porter, G Prather, T Rowles, G Scott, T Seeman, H Solo-Gabriele, E Svendsen, T Tincher, J Trtanj, A H. Walker, R Yehuda

Faculty Publications

The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) region is prone to disasters, including recurrent oil spills, hurricanes, floods, industrial accidents, harmful algal blooms, and the current COVID-19 pandemic. The GoM and other regions of the U.S. lack sufficient baseline health information to identify, attribute, mitigate, and facilitate prevention of major health effects of disasters. Developing capacity to assess adverse human health consequences of future disasters requires establishment of a comprehensive, sustained community health observing system, similar to the extensive and well-established environmental observing systems. We propose a system that combines six levels of health data domains, beginning with three existing, national surveys …

Effect Of Mitigation Measures On The Spreading Of Covid-19 In Hard-Hit States In The Us, K M. Tam, N Walker, J Moreno

Faculty Publications

State government-mandated social distancing measures have helped to slow the growth of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Many of the current predictive models of the development of COVID-19, especially after mitigation efforts, partially rely on extrapolations from data collected in other countries. Since most states enacted stay-at-home orders towards the end of March, the resulting effects of social distancing should be reflected in the death and infection counts by the end of April. Using the data available through April 25(th), we investigate the change in the infection rate due to the mitigation efforts and project death and infection …

Who’S Afraid Of Ebola? Epidemic Fires And Locative Fears In The Information Age, W. Shrum, J. Aggrey, A. Campos, J. Pamplona Da Costa, J. Joseph, P. Kreimer, R. Kroeger, L. Medina, P. Miller, A. Palackal, A. Pandal De La Peza, A. Traore

Faculty Publications

Epidemics have traditionally been viewed as the widespread occurrence of infectious disease within a community, or a sudden increase above what is typical. But modern epidemics are both more and less than the diffusion of viral entities. We argue that epidemics are 'fire objects', using a term coined by Law and Singleton: They generate locative fears through encounters that focus attention on entities that are unknown or imprecisely known, transforming spaces and humans into indeterminate dangers, alternating appearance and absence. The Ebola epidemic of 2014 had more complex impacts than the number of infections would suggest. We employ multi-sited qualitative …

Artificial Intelligence And Covid-19: Deep Learning Approaches For Diagnosis And Treatment, M. B. Jamshidi, A. Lalbakhsh, J. Talla, Z. Peroutka, F. Hadjilooei, P Lalbakhsh, M. Jamshidi, L. La Spada, M. Mirmozafari, M. Dehghani, A. Sabet, Sa. Roshani, So. Roshani, N. Bayat-Makou, B. Mohamadzade, Z. Malek, A. Jamshidi, S. Kiani, H. Hashemi-Dezaki, W. Mohyuddin

Faculty Publications

COVID-19 outbreak has put the whole world in an unprecedented difficult situation bringing life around the world to a frightening halt and claiming thousands of lives. Due to COVID-19 & x2019;s spread in 212 countries and territories and increasing numbers of infected cases and death tolls mounting to 5,212,172 and 334,915 (as of May 22 2020), it remains a real threat to the public health system. This paper renders a response to combat the virus through Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some Deep Learning (DL) methods have been illustrated to reach this goal, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), …

Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Disease And Transmission In Domestic Cats, N N. Gaudreault, J D. Trujillo, M Carossino, D A. Meekins, N N. Gaudreault, D W. Madden, S V. Indran, D Bold, V Balaraman, T Kwon, B L. Artiaga, K Cool, A Garcia-Sastre, W J. Ma, W C. Wilson, J Henningson, U Balasuriya, J A. Richt

Faculty Publications

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and responsible for the current pandemic. Recent SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility studies in cats show that the virus can replicate in these companion animals and transmit to other cats. Here, we present an in-depth study of SARS-CoV-2 infection, disease and transmission in domestic cats. Cats were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 via intranasal and oral routes. One day post challenge (DPC), two sentinel cats were introduced. Animals were monitored for clinical signs, clinicopathological abnormalities and viral shedding. Postmortem examinations were performed at 4, 7 and 21 DPC. Viral RNA …

Emerging Infectious Disease, The Household Built Environment Characteristics, And Urban Planning: Evidence On Avian Influenza In Vietnam, James H. Spencer, Melissa L. Finucane, Jefferson M. Fox, Sumeet Saksena, Nargis Sultana

Faculty Publications

Recent concerns with pandemic outbreaks of human disease and their origins in animal populations have ignited concerns regarding connections between Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) and development. As disasters, health, and infectious disease become part of planning concern (Matthew & McDonald, 2007), greater focus on household infrastructure and EID disease outbreaks among poultry is warranted. Following Spencer (2013), this study examines the relationship between the mix of household-scale water supplies, sanitation systems, and construction materials, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among poultry in a developing country: Vietnam. Findings of our multivariate logistic regressions suggest that a non-linear, Kuznets-shaped urban transition …

Antidiabetic Activity Of Cissus Rotundifolia Plant Growing In Saudi Arabia, Saad Ali Alshehri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production or action. A world-wide increase in the diabetes rate is projected to reach pandemic levels over the next 10-20 years. Current data shows that high numbers of the population in Saudi Arabia suffer from diabetes and prediabetes. Non-traditional treatments of diabetes from medicinal plants has shown potential antidiabetic activity. A considerable percentage of the population still prefer or use medicinal plants as a treatment or supplement to traditional medicine. Cissus rotundifolia (family Vitaceae) is a known plant in southwestern Saudi …

Exploring The Functionality And Role Of The Interdomain Loop (Idl) Of Mouse Hepatitis Virus (Mhv) Protease Nsp5, Benjamin Nick

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Human coronaviruses are responsible for a number of physiological ailments and include illnesses such as the common cold, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), pneumonia, and COVID-19. While vaccines exist for a multitude of pathogenic viruses that exists today, human coronaviruses are not among those that possess a stable and efficacious vaccine available on the market. Attempts to make an inhibitor against coronaviruses have targeted the active site and substrate binding sites of a protease known as non-structural protein 5 (Nsp5), however these attempts have failed to date. Models of the structure of MHV Nsp5 show …

Characterization Of Ph-Based Inactivation Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv), Jenna Nosek

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a negative-sense, single-strand RNA virus that affects the upper and lower respiratory system in humans. Currently, RSV is the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide, while also infecting target populations of the elderly and immunocompromised. Significant efforts towards vaccine development have been made due to limited therapeutic options, however, physical instabilities of RSV may hinder movement in vaccine development. We hypothesize that strain-specific differences in stability likely attribute to differences in RSV F protein, as proposed by previous studies about the intrinsically instability of RSV. A panel of recombinant RSV viruses were analyzed for strain-specific …

Neonatal Jaundice And Developmental Impairment Among Infants In Kilifi, Kenya, Dorcas N. Magai, Michael Mwaniki, Amina Abubakar, Shebe Mohammed, Anne L. Gordon, Raphael Kalu, Paul Mwangi, Hans M. Koot, Charles R. Newton

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is common in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), and it is associated with sepsis. Despite the high incidence, little has been documented about developmental impairments associated with NNJ in SSA. In particular, it is not clear if sepsis is associated with greater impairment following NNJ.

Methods: We followed up 169 participants aged 12 months (57 cases and 112 controls) within the Kilifi Health Demographic Surveillance System. The diagnosis of NNJ was based on clinical laboratory measurement of total serum bilirubin on admission, whereas the developmental outcomes were assessed using the Developmental Milestones Checklist and Kilifi Development …

Oral Health: Supporting Adults Who Require Assistance, Registered Nurses' Association Of Ontario

General Submissions: Community and Population-based Materials

The purpose of this best practice guideline (BPG) is to provide nurses, the interprofessional team and caregivers with evidence-based recommendations for the provision of oral care for adults (18 years of age and older) that will:

• promote an interprofessional approach to providing oral care,
• enhance the delivery of oral care interventions
• ultimately lead to positive oral health outcomes for persons.

This BPG focuses on providing oral care across health settings to adults (18 years and older) who require assistance with oral care in a continuum that ranges from the set-up of oral care supplies to full physical assistance with oral …

China’S Innovative Turn And The Changing Pharmaceutical Landscape, Peter K. Yu

University of the Pacific Law Review

No abstract provided.

Synergies Among Environmental Science Research And Monitoring Networks: A Research Agenda, J. A. Jones, P. M. Groffman, J. Blair, F. W. Davis, H. Dugan, E. E. Euskirchen, S. D. Frey, T. K. Harms, E. Hinckley, M. Kosmala, S. Loberg, S. Malone, Sydne Record, A. V. Rocha, B. L. Ruddell, E. H. Stanley, C. Sturtevant, A. Thorpe, T. White., W. R. Wieder, L. Zhai, K. Zhu

Biology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Many research and monitoring networks in recent decades have provided publicly available data documenting environmental and ecological change, but little is known about the status of efforts to synthesize this information across networks. We convened a working group to assess ongoing and potential cross-network synthesis research and outline opportunities and challenges for the future, focusing on the US-based research network (the US Long-Term Ecological Research network, LTER) and monitoring network (the National Ecological Observatory Network, NEON). LTER-NEON cross-network research synergies arise from the potentials for LTER measurements, experiments, models, and observational studies to provide context and mechanisms for interpreting NEON …

Monocyte Distribution Width Enhances Early Sepsis Detection In The Emergency Department Beyond Sirs And Qsofa, Elliott D Crouser, Joseph E Parrillo, Greg S Martin, David T Huang, Pierre Hausfater, Ilya Grigorov, Diana Careaga, Tiffany Osborn, Mohamad Hasan, Liliana Tejidor

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The initial presentation of sepsis in the emergency department (ED) is difficult to distinguish from other acute illnesses based upon similar clinical presentations. A new blood parameter, a measurement of increased monocyte volume distribution width (MDW), may be used in combination with other clinical parameters to improve early sepsis detection. We sought to determine if MDW, when combined with other available clinical parameters at the time of ED presentation, improves the early detection of sepsis.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical data available during the initial ED encounter of 2158 adult patients who were enrolled from emergency …

Genetic Loci Associated With Prevalent And Incident Myocardial Infarction And Coronary Heart Disease In The Cohorts For Heart And Aging Research In Genomic Epidemiology (Charge) Consortium, Julie Hahn, Mary F. Feitosa, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genomic loci associated with coronary artery disease, but most are common variants in non-coding regions that provide limited information on causal genes and etiology of the disease. To overcome the limited scope that common variants provide, we focused our investigation on low-frequency and rare sequence variations primarily residing in coding regions of the genome.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Using samples of individuals of European ancestry from ten cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, both cross-sectional and prospective analyses were conducted to examine associations between genetic variants …

The Current State Of Hiv And Aging: Findings Presented At The 10th International Workshop On Hiv And Aging, Stephanie Shiau, Jane A. O'Halloran, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Neutrophil Swarming Delays The Growth Of Clusters Of Pathogenic Fungi, Alex Hopke, Allison Scherer, Samantha Kreuzburg, Michael S. Abers, Christa S. Zerbe, Mary C. Dinauer, Michael K. Mansour, Daniel Irimia

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Subsequent Neoplasms And Late Mortality In Children Undergoing Allogeneic Transplantation For Nonmalignant Diseases, Justine M. Kahn, Robert J. Hayashi, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of Perspectives On West Africa's Ebola Epidemic - Understanding West Africa's Ebola Epidemic: Towards A Political Economy. Edited By Ibrahim Abdullah And Ismail Rashid., Kalala J. Ngalamulume

History Faculty Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

From A 'Super Spreader Of Mers' To A 'Super Stopper' Of Covid-19: Explaining The Evolution Of South Korea's Effective Crisis Management System, Seung-Youn Oh

Political Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

COVID-19 has placed global and national leadership under a serious stress test by threatening lives and livelihoods on an unprecedented scale. South Korea emerged as one of the first countries to flatten the transmission curve despite its high population density and proximity to China, without imposing the aggressive lockdowns or complete travel bans that China and many other countries adopted. This paper explores two questions. First, what kind of institutional and legal foundations explain South Korea’s strong public health response to the pandemic? Second, from a historical perspective, South Korea evaded the worst of the SARS outbreak in 2003 yet …

Corpus Cavernosum Abscess Secondary To Traumatic Perforation Of Urethral Diverticulum, Thomas C. Gore, Anna Schepcoff, Domenick Sorresso

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2020

A corpus cavernosum abscess is a rare condition. Usual etiologies include penile injection of erectile dysfunction medications or illicit drugs, priapism, sexually transmitted infections, and trauma; however, there have been reported cases of idiopathic etiology. The most common causative organisms include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, and Bacteroides [1]. Diagnosis is typically made clinically and through imaging (computed tomography [CT] and ultrasound). The first-line treatment is the use of intravenous (IV) antibiotics and surgical drainage. More conservative treatment, however, includes aspiration in conjunction with IV antibiotics [2-3]. Urethral diverticulum (UD) is the formation of a saccular outpouching of the urethral lumen. Symptoms …

Locked Up They Won’T Let Me Out: Giving Prisoners The Right To Die With Dignity In Oregon, Daniel Gill

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Vaccine Administration And Constitutional Protections: Substantive Due Process And Hpv Prevention, Valerie Mayzelshteyn

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Improving Nursing Knowledge Of Heart Failure Discharge Self-Care Instructions, Maria Patricia Picar Deza

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Patients with heart failure (HF) have recurrent symptoms that lead to frequent hospital readmissions. Moreover, HF is one of the leading causes of 30-day hospital readmissions. Evidence shows that patients with a high level of HF self-care have decreased readmissions. HF self-care education is commonly delivered by the nurse at hospital discharge, and the patient’s transition to self-care is a critical point in the continuum of care. However, nurses must be knowledgeable of patient self-care in HF to effectively convey this information to the patient upon discharge. Therefore, this staff education project question asked whether nursing knowledge of HF patient …

Deadly Delay: The Fda's Role In America's Covid-Testing Debacle, Barbara J. Evans, Ellen Wright Clayton

UF Law Faculty Publications

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published a series of 2020 guidance documents on how to seek Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for new SARS-CoV-2 tests. These guidance documents suggest EUAs are needed for laboratory-developed tests (LDTs), a type of test created and used in-house by high-complexity clinical laboratories that already are regulated by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA). These CLIA-regulated laboratories traditionally have provided a rapid response to emerging epidemics. Many laboratories viewed the FDA’s 2020 guidance documents as having a practical binding effect even though the FDA lacked clear …

Is Solitary Confinement A Punishment?, John F. Stinneford

UF Law Faculty Publications

The United States Constitution imposes a variety of constraints on the imposition of punishment, including the requirements that the punishment be authorized by a preexisting penal statute and ordered by a lawful judicial sentence. Today, prison administrators impose solitary confinement on thousands of prisoners despite the fact that neither of these requirements has been met. Is this imposition a “punishment without law,” or is it a mere exercise of administrative discretion? In an 1890 case called In re Medley, the Supreme Court held that solitary confinement is a separate punishment subject to constitutional restraints, but it has ignored this holding …

Integrative Environmental Law: A Prescription For Law In The Time Of Climate Change, Alyson C. Flournoy

UF Law Faculty Publications

As the magnitude of the threat posed by climate change has become increasingly apparent, scholars and practitioners have begun a dialogue about how to reform environmental law to meet the challenge. Concepts like adaptive management, sustainability, and resilience have emerged in succession, as policy makers and scholars search for new moorings for our ethical and legal framework. While useful, these concepts have failed to provide a vision, goal, or solid ethical grounding for environmental law in the era of climate change. This project takes a new approach by exploring what we can learn from the field of Integrative Medicine. The …

Minding The Gaps In Regulation Of Do-It-Yourself Biotechnology, Barbara J. Evans

UF Law Faculty Publications

This Symposium confronts the reality that genetic technologies – not just genetic tests, but tools for altering plant, animal, and human genomes – are rapidly becoming and indeed already are consumer technologies. People can experiment with and apply these technologies in disintermediated formats, potentially without the involvement of national research funding agencies, professional scientists, physicians, genetic counselors, regulators, and traditional medical product manufacturers. The framework of 20th -century medical product and practice regulations assigned each of these parties a role in promoting ethical, safe, and effective biomedical research and health care. Do-it-yourself biotechnology (DIYbio), which includes direct-to-consumer (DTC) and do-it-yourself …

Behavioral, Demographic, And Clinical Determinants Of Hiv Serostatus In Zambian Women, Debebe Masresha Gebreyohannes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection shows a diminishing trend at the global level while it shows increasing in intensity of mortality, morbidity, and burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. The intertwined behavioral, demographic, and clinical determinants fueled the incidence of infections in Zambian women. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between demographic, behavioral, and clinical determinants with HIV serostatus in Zambian women. With the conceptual framework of the World Health Organization’s Commission for Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) and quantitative method of MANOVA, this study examined Zambian Demographic Health Survey data for Zambian women of …