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Psychological And Behavioral Impact Of Wuhan Lockdown And Suggestions, Zhao Nan, Wang Yilin, Li Sijia, Liu Xiaoqian, Wu Peijing, Zhu Tingshao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Wuhan lockdown has affected individual psychological status while effectively curbing the epidemic. It is difficult for traditional questionnaire method to acquire individual psychological assessments in large scale timely, which makes it hard to propose time-effective psychological services. In this study, we extracted the linguistic features of Weibo posts from January 20, 2020 to February 16, 2020 among 41 105 active users, and identified the changes of Wuhan citizens' psychological status nonintrusively. The results indicated that Wuhan citizens have been in a high state of negative emotions such as anxiety, anger, hostility, and disappointment in short term. Meanwhile, the lockdown had …

The Burden Of Chronic Health Conditions Among Iraqi Refugees In Michigan, Melissa M. Reznar Phd, Mph, Florence J. Dallo Phd, Mph, Andrew J. Kurecka Mph, Julie J. Ruterbusch Mph, Kendra Schwartz Md, Msph, Madiha Tariq Mph

Michigan Journal of Public Health

The vast majority of refugees in Michigan is from Iraq, and yet the health status of this population is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to describe chronic disease prevalence of Iraqi refugees and examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics and chronic disease. This study reviewed medical charts of 613 Iraqi refugees to examine the association between demographic characteristics and chronic conditions. The dependent variables were body mass index, non-fasting blood glucose, and history of hypertension and diabetes. The independent variables were birth place, age, sex, and smoking history. Men were 3.99 times (95% CI=1.88, 8.48) as likely …

Transposon Mutagenesis In Mycobacterium Kansasii Links A Small Rna Gene To Colony Morphology And Biofilm Formation And Identifies 9,885 Intragenic Insertions That Do Not Compromise Colony Outgrowth, William C. Budell, Gabrielle A. Germain, Niklas Janisch, Zaid Mckie-Krisberg, Anitha D. Jayaprakash, Andrew E. Resnick, Luis E. N. Quadri

Publications and Research

Mycobacterium kansasii (Mk) is a resilient opportunistic human pathogen that causes tuberculosis-like chronic pulmonary disease and mortality stemming from comorbidities and treatment failure. The standard treatment of Mk infections requires costly, long-term, multidrug courses with adverse side effects. The emergence of drug-resistant isolates further complicates the already challenging drug therapy regimens and threatens to compromise the future control of Mk infections. Despite the increasingly recognized global burden of Mk infections, the biology of this opportunistic pathogen remains essentially unexplored. In particular, studies reporting gene function or generation of defined mutants are scarce. Moreover, no transposon (Tn) mutagenesis tool has been …

Functional Analysis Reveals G/U Pairs Critical For Replication And Trafficking Of An Infectious Non-Coding Viroid Rna, Jian Wu, Cuiji Zhou, James Li, Chun Li, Xiaorong Tao, Neocles B. Leontis, Craig L. Zirbel, David M. Bisaro, Biao Ding

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

While G/U pairs are present in many RNAs, the lack of molecular studies to characterize the roles of multiple G/U pairs within a single RNA limits our understanding of their biological significance. From known RNA 3D structures, we observed that the probability a G/U will form a Watson-Crick (WC) base pair depends on sequence context. We analyzed 17 G/U pairs in the 359-nucleotide genome of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), a circular non-coding RNA that replicates and spreads systemically in host plants. Most putative G/U base pairs were experimentally supported by selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE). Deep …

Board Of Trustees Agenda, Feb. 21 2020 - Finance Committee, Indiana State University Board Of Trustees

Board of Trustees

No abstract provided.

How To Develop Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry In Areas Of Low- And Middle-Yield Fields, Gao Shuqin, Wang Hongsheng, Duan Rui, Jing Hai-Chun, Fang Jingyun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With increasing awareness of balanced and healthy diet, the demand for ruminant products has been drastically increasing in China over the past decades. Grass-based Livestock Husbandry (GLiH), a new paradigm for agricultural restructuring and sustainable development, is highly encouraged to meet such demand. Yet, the country's own production cannot self-support the demand, as envisaged by the soaring import of both red meats and forage products, albeit half of the nation's cereal production is devoted to animal feed and forage crop production area amounts to 12 million ha. With the affluent population and limited arable land, China is facing challenge to …

Curricular Report No. 2019-20-8 From The Graduate Council To The Faculty Senate (Courses), University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Bills

No abstract provided.

Characterizing The Vaccine Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, And Intentions Of Pregnant Women In Georgia And Colorado, Matthew Z. Dudley, Rupali J. Limaye, Saad B. Omer, Sean T. O’Leary, Mallory K. Ellingson, Christine I. Spina, Sarah E. Brewer, Allison T. Chamberlain, Robert A. Bednarczyk, Fauzia Malik, Paula M. Frew, Daniel A. Salmon

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Vaccine coverage for maternal vaccines is suboptimal; only about half of pregnant women received influenza and Tdap vaccines in 2018. We explored knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and trust regarding maternal and infant vaccines among pregnant women. Between June 2017 and July 2018, we surveyed 2196 pregnant women recruited from geographically and socio-demographically diverse prenatal care practices in Georgia and Colorado (56% response rate). Fifty-six percent of pregnant women intended to receive both influenza and Tdap vaccines during pregnancy and 68% intended to vaccinate their baby with all recommended vaccines on time. Attitudinal constructs associated with intention to vaccinate include confidence …

Contributions Of Three Nursing Leaders To The Development Of Registered Nursing Education In Jamaica, 1946-1986, Hermi Hyacinth Hewitt

Dissertations

The historical research design is used to document the contributions that Misses Ruth Nita Barrow, Gertrude Hildegarde Swaby and Julie Symes made in advancing the status of professional nursing education in Jamaica, between 1946 and 1986. Their roles in the Jamaica General Trained Nurses Association and the General Nursing Council of Jamaica in obtaining registration for nurses' education in Jamaica, reciprocal agreement with England and Wales and professional recognition from the International Council of Nurses are discussed. Since nearly two decades of Barrow, Swaby and Symes' contributions to professional nursing's development occurred while Jamaica was a British colony, the economic, …

Development And Testing Of A Measure Of Patient Satisfaction With Nursing Care, Lee A. Schmidt

Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to test an empirically derived measure of patient satisfaction with nursing care. Existing measures of this important phenomenon lack adequate validity and a strong theoretical base. A grounded theory study was completed with patients discharged from medical surgical units of a tertiary care facility.

Sustainable, Alginate-Based Sensor For Detection Of Escherichia Coli In Human Breast Milk, Nicholas Kikuchi, Margaret May, Matthew Zweber, Jerard Madamba, Craig M. Stephens, Unyoung Kim, Maryam Mobed-Miremadi

Bioengineering

There are no existing affordable diagnostics for sensitive, rapid, and on-site detection of pathogens in milk. To this end, an on-site colorimetric-based sustainable assay has been developed and optimized using an L₁₆ (5⁴) Taguchi design to obtain results in hours without PCR amplification. To determine the level of Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination, after induction with 150 µL of breast milk, the B-Per bacterial protein extraction kit was added to a solution containing an alginate-based microcapsule assay. Within this 3 mm spherical novel sensor design, X-Gal (5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indolyl β-_D-Galactopyranoside) was entrapped at a concentration of 2 …

Invasive Vegetation Affects Amphibian Skin Microbiota And Body Condition, Obed Hernandez-Gomez, Allison Q. Byrne, Alex R. Gunderson, Thomas S. Jenkinson, Clay F. Noss, Andrew P. Rothstein, Molly C. Womack, Erica B. Rosenblum

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Invasive plants are major drivers of habitat modification and the scale of their impact is increasing globally as anthropogenic activities facilitate their spread. In California, an invasive plant genus of great concern is Eucalyptus. Eucalyptus leaves can alter soil chemistry and negatively affect underground macro- and microbial communities. Amphibians serve as excellent models to evaluate the effect of Eucalyptus invasion on ground-dwelling species as they predate on soil arthropods and incorporate soil microbes into their microbiotas. The skin microbiota is particularly important to amphibian health, suggesting that invasive plant species could ultimately affect amphibian populations. To investigate the potential for …

The Internal, External And Extended Microbiomes Of Hominins, Robert R. Dunn, Katherine R. Amato, Elizabeth A. Archie, Mimi Arandjelovic, Alyssa N. Crittenden, Lauren M. Nichols

Anthropology Faculty Research

The social structure of primates has recently been shown to influence the composition of their microbiomes. What is less clear is how primate microbiomes might in turn influence their social behavior, either in general or with particular reference to hominins. Here we use a comparative approach to understand how microbiomes of hominins have, or might have, changed since the last common ancestor (LCA) of chimpanzees and humans, roughly six million years ago. We focus on microbiomes associated with social evolution, namely those hosted or influenced by stomachs, intestines, armpits, and food fermentation. In doing so, we highlight the potential influence …

2020-February-19-Professors Receive Funding To Study Adverse Childhood Experiences Aces, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

JOHNSON CITY (Feb. 19, 2020) – Dr. Megan Quinn and Dr. Shimin Zheng, associate professors in the East Tennessee State University College of Public Health’s Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, have been awarded a Research Development Committee Major Grant for a pilot study to assess how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect a patient’s readiness to adhere to HIV treatment. 

The researchers will collaborate with ETSU Health’s Center of Excellence for HIV/AIDS and the Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity. This project stemmed from work that Quinn completed with Elaine Loudermilk, a doctor of public health student in …

Emerging Priorities For Microbiome Research, Chad M. Cullen, Kawalpreet K. Aneja, Sinem Beyhan, Clara E. Cho, Stephen Woloszynek, Matteo Convertino, Sophie J. Mccoy, Yanyan Zhang, Matthew Z. Anderson, David Alvarez-Ponce, Ekaterina Smirnova, Lisa Karstens, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Hongzhe Li, Ananya Sen Gupta, Et Al.

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Microbiome research has increased dramatically in recent years, driven by advances in technology and significant reductions in the cost of analysis. Such research has unlocked a wealth of data, which has yielded tremendous insight into the nature of the microbial communities, including their interactions and effects, both within a host and in an external environment as part of an ecological community. Understanding the role of microbiota, including their dynamic interactions with their hosts and other microbes, can enable the engineering of new diagnostic techniques and interventional strategies that can be used in a diverse spectrum of fields, spanning from ecology …

Invasive Vegetation Affects Amphibian Skin Microbiota And Body Condition, Obed HernáNdez-GóMez, Allison Q. Byrne, Alex R. Gunderson, Thomas S. Jenkinson, Clay F. Noss, Andrew P. Rothstein, Molly C. Womack, Erica B. Rosenblum

Biology Faculty Publications

Invasive plants are major drivers of habitat modification and the scale of their impact is increasing globally as anthropogenic activities facilitate their spread. In California, an invasive plant genus of great concern is Eucalyptus. Eucalyptus leaves can alter soil chemistry and negatively affect underground macro- and microbial communities. Amphibians serve as excellent models to evaluate the effect of Eucalyptus invasion on ground-dwelling species as they predate on soil arthropods and incorporate soil microbes into their microbiotas. The skin microbiota is particularly important to amphibian health, suggesting that invasive plant species could ultimately affect amphibian populations. To investigate the potential for …

Immune Checkpoint Modulation Enhances Hiv-1 Antibody Induction., Todd Bradley, Masayuki Kuraoka, Chen-Hao Yeh, Ming Tian, Huan Chen, Derek W Cain, Xuejun Chen, Cheng Cheng, Ali H Ellebedy, Robert Parks, Maggie Barr, Laura L. Sutherland, Richard M. Scearce, Cindy M. Bowman, Hilary Bouton-Verville, Sampa Santra, Kevin Wiehe, Mark G. Lewis, Ane Ogbe, Persephone Borrow, David Montefiori, Mattia Bonsignori, M Anthony Moody, Laurent Verkoczy, Kevin O. Saunders, Rafi Ahmed, John R. Mascola, Garnett Kelsoe, Frederick W. Alt, Barton F. Haynes

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Eliciting protective titers of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development, but current vaccine strategies have yet to induce bnAbs in humans. Many bnAbs isolated from HIV-1-infected individuals are encoded by immunoglobulin gene rearrangments with infrequent naive B cell precursors and with unusual genetic features that may be subject to host regulatory control. Here, we administer antibodies targeting immune cell regulatory receptors CTLA-4, PD-1 or OX40 along with HIV envelope (Env) vaccines to rhesus macaques and bnAb immunoglobulin knock-in (KI) mice expressing diverse precursors of CD4 binding site HIV-1 bnAbs. CTLA-4 blockade augments HIV-1 Env …

Dna Dependent Protein Kinase (Dna-Pk) Enhances Hiv Transcription By Promoting Rna Polymerase Ii Activity And Recruitment Of Transcription Machinery At Hiv Ltr., Sonia Zicari, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Geetaram Sahu, Larisa Dubrovsky, Lin Sun, Han Yue, Tejaswi Jada, Alex Ochem, Gary Simon, Michael Bukrinsky, Mudit Tyagi

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Despite reductions in mortality from the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the presence of latent or transcriptionally silent proviruses prevents HIV cure/eradication. We have previously reported that DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) facilitates HIV transcription by interacting with the RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) complex recruited at HIV LTR. In this study, using different cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-infected patients, we found that DNA-PK stimulates HIV transcription at several stages, including initiation, pause-release and elongation. We are reporting for the first time that DNA-PK increases phosphorylation of RNAP II C-terminal domain (CTD) at serine …

Cryptococcus Neoformans Chitin Synthase 3 Plays A Critical Role In Dampening Host Inflammatory Responses, Camaron R Hole, Woei C Lam, Rajendra Upadhya, Jennifer K Lodge

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Microneutralization And Histo-Blood Group Antigen-Blocking Assays For Functional Norovirus Antibody Detection, Robert L Atmar, Khalil Ettayebi, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Frederick H Neill, Ralph P Braun, Sasirekha Ramani, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The development of an in vitro cultivation system for human noroviruses allows the measurement of neutralizing antibody levels.

METHODS: Serum neutralizing antibody levels were determined using a GII.4/Sydney/2012-like virus in human intestinal enteroids in samples collected before and 4 weeks after administration of an investigational norovirus vaccine and were compared with those measured in histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-blocking assays.

RESULTS: Neutralizing antibody seroresponses were observed in 71% of 24 vaccinated adults, and antibody levels were highly correlated (r = 0.82, P < .001) with those measured by HBGA blocking.

CONCLUSIONS: HBGA-blocking antibodies are a surrogate for neutralization in human noroviruses.

An Interprofessional Approach To A Service-Learning Health Project For Area Homeless: A Case Study, Caroline Carpenter, Samuel T. Shannon, Jana P. Sutton, Theresa D. Thomas, John R. Webb, Ashley Wiltcher, Rhonda Hensley

Journal of Interprofessional Practice and Collaboration

Providing health care services for the homeless community requires multiple health care disciplines to meet the varying needs of the community. The needs of the homeless are multifaceted and thus require expertise of an interprofessional team to help break down barriers and achieve positive outcomes for the clients served. This case study shares the work done by a team of faculty and students from a local university in Marriage and Family Therapy, Counseling, and graduate nursing. The focus of the group was to provide physical and mental health screenings and make appropriate community referrals as needed. The work was sponsored …

Backtracking Transmission Of Covid-19 In China Based On Big Data Source, And Effect Of Strict Pandemic Control Policy, Zhao Xumao, Li Xinhai, Nie Changhong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In December 2019, COVID-19 appeared and started transmission in local population in Wuhan, Hubei Province. We analyzed the spread process of COVID-19 and found that imported number of passengers from Wuhan before the city closure is the main threat to other cities in China, whereas later on local transmission in those cities gradually become the main force of virus transmission. Based on SEIR model, we found that the basic reproductive number R ₀ for Wuhan is much higher than that of Beijing. When pandemic control measures (traffic control, holiday extension, 14-day-long quarantine, etc.) are taken into account, the R _{0 …}

Vancomycin In Peritoneal Dialysis: Clinical Pharmacology Considerations In Therapy., Edwin Lam, Yi Ting Kayla Lien, Walter K. Kraft, Beth Piraino, Valvanera Vozmediano, Stephan Schmidt, Jingjing Zhang

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Intraperitoneal vancomycin is the first-line therapy in the management of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis. However, due to the paucity of data, vancomycin dosing for peritonitis in patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is empiric and based on clinical experience rather than evidence. Studies in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients have been used to provide guidelines for dosing and are often extrapolated for APD use, but it is unclear whether this is appropriate. This review summarizes the available pharmacokinetic data used to inform optimal dosing in patients on CAPD or APD. The determinants of vancomycin disposition and pharmacodynamic effects are …

Crow's Nest, February 17, 2020, Crow's Nest Staff

Crow's Nest

The February 17, 2020, issue of the Crow's Nest.

Hiv Pre‐Exposure Prophylaxis For Female Sex Workers: Ensuring Women’S Family Planning Needs Are Not Left Behind, Anna L. Bowring, Frances H Ampt, Sheree Schwartz, Mark A. Stoove, Stanley Luchters, Stefan Baral, Margaret Hellard

Population Health, East Africa

Introduction: Female sex workers (FSWs) experience overlapping burdens of HIV, sexually transmitted infections and unin- tended pregnancy. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly efficacious for HIV prevention. It represents a promising strategy to reduce HIV acquisition risks among FSWs specifically given complex social and structural factors that challenge consistent condom use. However, the potential impact on unintended pregnancy has garnered little attention. We discuss the potential concerns and opportunities for PrEP to positively or negatively impact the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of FSWs.

Discussion: FSWs have high unmet need for effective contraception and unintended pregnancy is common in …

A Decerebrating Female: A Rare Presentation Of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Due To Measles, Natasha Del Rio, Yordan Orive, Andres Sobrado, Ruben Cabrera, Ilde Manuel Lee, Troy Hoang, Sherard Lacaille, Ricardo Garcia-Rivera, Robert Hernandez

Internal Medicine

No abstract provided.

Rabies Management Implications Based On Raccoon Population Density Indexes, Dennis Slate, Brandi D. Saidy, Ashlee Simmons, Kathleen M. Nelson, Amy Davis, Timothy P. Algeo, Stacey A. Elmore, Richard B. Chipman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

An estimate or index of target species density is important in determining oral rabies vaccination (ORV) bait densities to control and eliminate specific rabies variants. From 1997–2011, we indexed raccoon (Procyon lotor) densities 253 times based on cumulative captures on 163 sites from Maine to Alabama, USA, near ORV zones created to prevent raccoon rabies from spreading to new areas. We conducted indexing under a common cage trapping protocol near the time of annual ORV to aid in bait density decisions. Unique raccoons (n = 8,415) accounted for 68.0% of captures (n = 12,367). We recaptured raccoons 2,669 times. We …

Economic Estimates Of Invasive Wild Pig Damage To Crops In 12 Us States, Sophie Mckee, Aaron Anderson, Keith Carlisle, Stephanie A. Shwiff

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We report the results of a survey on invasive wild pig (Sus scrofa L.) damage and control in 12 US states (Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Texas). The crops chosen for this study represent the “second-tier” in terms of economic importance after the six crops that were the subject of Anderson et al. (2016). The survey was distributed by the USDA National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) in the summer of 2019 to a sample of producers in each of the states (except California) of the following six crops: hay, pecans (Carya …

Dehumanization, Immigrants, And Equal Protection, Reginald Oh

California Western Law Review

No abstract provided.

Dehumanization, Immigrants, And Equal Protection, Reginald Oh

California Western Law Review

No abstract provided.