Digital Commons Network^™

An Analysis Of International Health Regulations Emergency Committees And Public Health Emergency Of International Concern Designations, Lucia Mullen, Christina Potter, Lawrence O. Gostin, Anita Cicero, Jennifer B. Nuzzo

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Nine public health events have been assessed for the potential declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) International Health Regulations (IHR), a PHEIC is defined as an extraordinary event that constitutes a public health risk to other states through international spread and requires a coordinated international response. The WHO Director-General convenes Emergency Committees (ECs) to provide their advice on whether an event constitutes a PHEIC. The EC rationales have been continuously criticised for being non-transparent and contradictory to the IHR. This first comprehensive analysis of EC rationale provides recommendations to …

2020-06-14_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-06-12/13/14 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Ingrid Hendrix, Lori D. Sloane, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Jenny Situ, Clinton Onyango, Perez Olewe, Cristian Bologa, Orrin Myers, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM Highlights: NM case count. Increased road travel. ABQ ART to resume. Film industry to reopen. US Highlights: Policy advocacy to end mass Incarceration. International Highlights: COVID-19 cases in Italy. Temperature checks at Canada airports. Economics, Workforce, Supply Chain, PPE: Epidemiology Highlights: Mask stability. Supply operations management. Masks going to transport companies. Digital tools for awareness. Customers like clean stores. Epidemiology: Michigan hospitalization risk factors. Ranking the risks of reopening. Pandemic growth rate scaling. Outbreak detection and contract tracing. Worldwide mortality report. Screening pregnant women. Social learning model for pandemics. Healthcare Policy Recommendations: Re-opening of sports centers. Minimize …

2020-06-13_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-06-12_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Dionne-Odom Named Associate Director Of Global Health, Women's Reproductive Health, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Taking The Politics Out Of Vaccines: Increasing Vaccination Rates Without Repealing Exemptions, Kylie A. Thompson

Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy

Vaccinations have become a vital part of disease prevention and public health; however, they remain a controversial topic in our society today. Non-medical exemptions to mandatory vaccination laws are the core of most of the controversy surrounding vaccinations. This Comment examines the controversy surrounding vaccinations and proposes interventions communities can adopt to increase vaccination rates without repealing non-medical exemptions to mandatory vaccination laws.

The Aftermath Of The Black Death In England: Edward Iii's Economic Policies To Repress The Peasantry, Leah Diciesare

Undergraduate Theses, Capstones, and Recitals

The Black Death caused a mass mortality in England, drastically affecting society. However, it was the aftermath of the plague that had the greatest impacts. The loss of life removed pressure on the economy due to population density, which gave the peasants opportunities to improve their lives. But that was a short-lived phenomenon; the peasantry ultimately remained repressed, as they had been prior to the plague. Edward III meddled in the English economy in the wake of the Black Death by introducing price and wage regulations. These efforts were to maintain the status quo in English society so that the …

Investigation Of Japanese Encephalitis Virus As A Cause Of Acute Encephalitis In Southern Pakistan, April 2015-January 2018, Tazeen Fatima, Abida Rais, Erum Khan, Susan L. Hills, Trudy V. Chambers, Aneeta Hotwani, Shahida Qureshi, Saad Shafqat, Saima Malik, Farah Qamar, Fatima Mir, Anthony A. Marfin, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Asif Raza Khowaja, Sadia Shakoor

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurs in fewer than 1% of JE virus (JEV) infections, often with catastrophic sequelae including death and neuropsychiatric disability. JEV transmission in Pakistan was documented in 1980s and 1990s, but recent evidence is lacking. Our objective was to investigate JEV as a cause of acute encephalitis in Pakistan.
Methods: Persons aged ≥1 month with possible JE admitted to two acute care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan from April 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum samples were tested for JEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) using the InBios JE DetectTM assay. Positive or equivocal samples …

Caring For Your Loved Ones With Covid-19 At Home, Adam Pope

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Dionne-Odom Receives $2 Million R01 Grant To Study Hepatitis B Transmission To Newborns, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

2020-06-11_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Ketogenic Diets Alter The Gut Microbiome Resulting In Decreased Intestinal Th17 Cells, Qi Yan Ang, Margaret Alexander, John C. Newman, Yuan Tian, Jingwei Cai, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Jessie A. Turnbaugh, Eric Verdin, Kevin D. Hall, Rudolph L. Leibel, Eric Ravussin, Michael Rosenbaum, Andrew D. Patterson, Peter J. Turnbaugh

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Very low-carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diets (KDs) induce a pronounced shift in metabolic fuel utilization that elevates circulating ketone bodies; however, the consequences of these compounds for host-microbiome interactions remain unknown. Here, we show that KDs alter the human and mouse gut microbiota in a manner distinct from high-fat diets (HFDs). Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses of stool samples from an 8-week inpatient study revealed marked shifts in gut microbial community structure and function during the KD. Gradient diet experiments in mice confirmed the unique impact of KDs relative to HFDs with a reproducible depletion of bifidobacteria. In vitro and in vivo …

Journal Club, Zeynep Uzumcu, Md

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Outline

• Review coronavirus life-cycle
• Review mechanism of action of remdesivir
• Review previous research on remdesivir
• Close reading of article - Methods - Results - Discussion
• Future research
• Implications for our practice

Introducing Lu-1, A Novel Lactobacillus Jensenii Phage Abundant In The Urogenital Tract, Taylor Miller-Ensminger, Rita Mormando, Laura Maskeri, Jason W. Shapiro, Alan J. Wolfe, Catherine Putonti

Bioinformatics Faculty Publications

Bacteriophages (phages) play a key role in shaping microbial communities, including those of the human body. Phages are abundant members of the urogenital tract, most often persisting through the lysogenic life cycle as prophages integrated within the genomes of their bacterial hosts. While numerous studies of the urogenital microbiota have focused on the most abundant bacterial member of this niche–Lactobacillus species–very little is known about Lactobacillus phages. Focusing on Lactobacillus jensenii strains from the urinary tract, we identified numerous prophages related to the previously characterized Lv-1 phage from a vaginal L. jensenii strain. Furthermore, we identified a new L. jensenii …

Association Of Hospital Discharge Against Medical Advice With Readmission And In-Hospital Mortality, Sally Y. Tan, Jeremy Y. Feng, Cara Joyce, Jonathan Fisher, Arash Mostaghimi

Biostatistics Collaborative Core: Faculty Publications and Other Works

IMPORTANCE Hospital readmissions contribute to higher expenditures and may sometimes reflect suboptimal patient care. Individuals discharged against medical advice (AMA) are a vulnerable patient population and may have higher risk for readmission.

OBJECTIVES To determine odds of readmission and mortality for patients discharged AMA vs all others, to characterize patient and hospital-level factors associated with readmissions, and to quantify their overall cost burden.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Nationally representative, all-payer cohort study using the 2014 National Readmissions Database. Eligible index admissions were nonobstetrical/newborn hospitalizations for patients 18 years and older discharged between January 2014 and November 2014. Admissions were excluded …

A Patient-Specific Adaptation Of The Living Human Heart Model In Application To Pulmonary Hypertension, Yousof Abdel-Raouf

Theses and Dissertations

The Living Heart Project aims to offer medical practitioners and researchers a full-heart electromechanical computational platform to explore and assess clinical cases pertaining to the left ventricle (LV), and the less addressed right ventricle (RV). It does not, however, provide an easy solution to applying this platform to patient-specific cases that account for a large variability among cases. We, therefore, present a solution to modify the Living Human Heart Model (LHHM) to obtain a patient-specific geometry using the thermal expansion method, with iteratively adjusted parameters that accurately simulate the case of a 72-year-old female patient suffering from secondary pulmonary hypertension …

Young Father Speaks On Beating Covid-19, Enrolling In Remdesivir Clinical Trial, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

2020-06-10/11 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Lori D. Sloane, Mari Anixter, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Natalie Adolphi, Morgan Edwards-Fligner, Melissa Cossé, Alexandra Yingling, Perez Olewe, Cristian Bologa, Kristine Tollestrup, Orrin Myers, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM Highlights: Governer’s update on COVID-19 efforts. NM case count. Testing for food industry workers. Testing for lawmakers and staffers. Face coverings mandatory in Santa Fe. Lawmakers prepare to $2.4B budget hole. Learning loss due to lockdown. US Highlights: EPA orders unsafe products removed. Cases on the rise after roll back. Economics, Workforce, Supply Chain, PPE: Governments need more money. Study on masks. Hearing impaired masks. Fast spread in Africa. Kenya’s economic slowdown. Epidemiology Highlights: White House Task Force warns of spikes. Mortality risk factors. Higher mortality in cancer patients. UV-C disinfection of mobile phones. Practice Guidelines: Benefits …

2020-06-10_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Workshop #1: Vulnerable Populations & Planning Considerations For The 2020 Hurricane Season: After Action Report (Aar), Converge Nsf Working Group, Joshua G. Behr, Wie Yusuf, Jennifer Marshall, Elizabeth Dunn

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

This workshop shed light on the challenges and importance of adapting current hurricane season planning. Coexisting with COVID-19 will pose even more challenges for hurricane season responses. Suggested adaptations include identifying further shelter spaces to reduce the numbers of evacuees per building (for required social distancing), create isolation spaces to protect populations vulnerable to COVID-19, and quarantine those who are symptomatic. Some strategies being considered include modifying existing shelters (e.g. schools, by using classrooms) and using hotels, dormitories, and other large vacant spaces (e.g., stores and convention centers).

Along with identifying new shelter options comes modifying procedures for screening, triage, …

Workshop #2: Health And Infection Control Measures During The 2020 Hurricane Season: After-Action Report (Aar), Converge Nsf Working Group, Joshua G, Behr, Wie Yusuf, Jennifer Marshall, Elizabeth Dunn

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

Participants in the CONVERGE NSF Working Group Workshop 2 (Health) breakout sessions identified that along with populations traditionally considered vulnerable during hurricane season (e.g., special-needs evacuees and the elderly), there will be new vulnerable populations based on their heightened risks from exposure to COVID-19. There is also overlap between these groups of vulnerable evacuees, including individuals with physical, intellectual or developmental disabilities; those with immunodeficiency, chronic, acute, or infectious illnesses; pregnant women and infants; and immigrants, non-English speakers, and other socially vulnerable groups.

This indicates a potentially greater number of special-needs evacuees at shelters. Simultaneously, fear of contracting COVID-19, particularly …

Workshop #3: Transportation And Sheltering Logistics During The 2020 Hurricane Season: After-Action Report (Aar), Converge Nsf Working Group, Joshua G. Behr, Wie Yusuf, Jennifer Marshall, Elizabeth Dunn

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

Participants in the CONVERGE COVID-19 Working Group’s Workshop 3 on Logistics breakout sessions identified key issues that included population considerations, training needs, continuity of operations and resources still available, site planning (i.e., feeding, registration, shelter design, resources, family unity), facility requirements, and supplies needed during a hurricane evacuation.

Operational safety measures and population considerations were mentioned throughout the workshop. This included the need for identifying additional resources, facilities, and staffing to be able to ensure safety is a priority while accommodating social distancing recommendations and the needs of vulnerable populations and staff. Workshop participants emphasized the need to identify new …

Minireview: Covid–19: Criticism Of The Pathogenesis Based On The Tropism, Yefta Moenadjat

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Healthcare Waste Management In Hospitals Of South Lebanon, Mona Tfaily, Salim Moussa

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Healthcare wastes (HCW) are produced in any healthcare setting during diagnosis, medical care, operation or injection process or during research studies. The management of such wastes is becoming a great issue since they pose many health risks and environmental damage. Hence, this study was carried out to assess the level of healthcare waste management in hospitals of South Lebanon. A cross sectional study was conducted in five hospitals located in South Lebanon (A, B, C, D and E). The Individualized Rapid Assessment Tool (I-RAT) developed in 2009 as part of the UNDP GEF Global Project on Healthcare Waste, was the …

Hospital-Acquired Infection Role In Unplanned Extubation Of Endotracheal Tubes In Critical Care Units In Lebanon, Ahmad El Tassi

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Controlling Hospital-acquired Infections remains the cornerstone for improving patient safety during hospitalization. It continues one of the most common and costly problems facing critically ill patients in intensive care units. Disrupting mechanical ventilation, commonly performed in the intensive care unit, via unplanned extubation, whether deliberate or accidental, is a nightmare to any critical care practitioner. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Hospital-acquired Infections on unplanned extubation in adult critical care units at a Lebanese university hospital. A Case-control design was implemented. All medical records of patients admitted to critical care units over the last …

Effectiveness Of A Health Education Intervention About Influenza And Vaccine In Secondary Schools In South Lebanon, Israa Assaf, Salim Moussa

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Seasonal influenza is an intense respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that circulate all around the world. In Lebanon, there is a lack of national flu awareness campaigns. Schools’ students are truly outstanding and viable sources to spread the awareness and strive for the conduct change in the general population. Hence, this study was carried out to test the effectiveness of a health education intervention in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward influenza and its vaccine among secondary schools’ students in South Lebanon. This is a Pre/Post research study conducted in four schools located in South Lebanon. A …

Inclusivity Of Minorities In The U.S. Healthcare System, Sophia N. Trujillo

2020 Symposium Posters

Throughout the evolution of U.S. healthcare, the inclusivity of minorities has been a discussion amongst many communities. With healthcare being unaffordable and inaccessible to many, including minorities, it can influence their responses towards it. From research and in-depth observations, it has been revealed that certain ethnicities carry a trend of disabling illnesses and infectious diseases. This paper intends to identify the patterns that occur amongst ethnic communities that increase the risk of obtaining these conditions. Social determinants govern the health and lifestyle that have led to life-threatening illnesses. It has been found that factors such as eating habits, social environments, …

2020-06-09_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Profiling The Circulating Mrna Transcriptome In Human Liver Disease, Aejaz Sayeed, Brielle E Dalvano, David E Kaplan, Usha Viswanathan, John Kulp, Alhaji H Janneh, Lu-Yu Hwang, Adam Ertel, Cataldo Doria, Timothy Block

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The human circulation contains cell-free DNA and non-coding microRNA (miRNA). Less is known about the presence of messenger RNA (mRNA). This report profiles the human circulating mRNA transcriptome in people with liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to determine whether mRNA analytes can be used as biomarkers of liver disease. Using RNAseq and RT-qPCR, we investigate circulating mRNA in plasma from HCC and LC patients and demonstrate detection of transcripts representing more than 19,000 different protein coding genes. Remarkably, the circulating mRNA expression levels were similar from person to person over the 21 individuals whose samples were analyzed by …