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Evidence-Based Medicine Databases: An Overview, Viji Pulikkel Chandran, Sohil Khan, Girish Pai Kulyadi, Kanav Khera

Open Access archive

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) helps to bridge the gap between current healthcare practice and recent research findings in health care. Today's era of scientific information explosion makes hard for healthcare providers to remain up to date on the best clinical practices. In reality, a physician has to read 17 scientific literature works per day to remain up to date. This is a difficult challenge, but EBM databases provide quick access to research findings. This review aims to provide an overview of EBM databases. These databases provide information about guidelines, disease, treatment, diagnosis, clinical relevance, systematic reviews, clinical trials, observational studies, preappraised …

Pediatric Dosage Forms-Challenges And Recent Developments: A Critical Review, Amol Dattatreya Galande, Naveen Ahuja Khurana, Srinivas Mutalik

Open Access archive

Pediatric population is a diverse group comprising of different subgroups. The use of unlicensed and off-label medicines for treating children is widespread due to the non-availability of suitable dosage forms for this age group. Although the physiological differences related to the diverse age group remain an important consideration, various other challenges such as insufficient background information on drug molecule, excipient safety, taste-masking issues, technology requirements, low profitability, limitations in conduct of clinical trials, and lack of regulatory clarity are also important factors adversely affecting pediatric dosage form development. These factors are discussed in this review. Liquids are the most preferred …

Quantitative Proteomics Of Urinary Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Identify Uap1 As A Potential Therapeutic Target, Vinuth N. Puttamallesh, Barnali Deb, Kirti Gondkar, Ankit Jain

Open Access archive

Bladder carcinoma (BC) incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide. The development of novel therapeutic strategies is required to improve clinical management of this cancer. Aberrant protein expression may lead to cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, the identification of these potential protein targets and limiting their expression levels would provide alternative treatment options. In this study, we utilized a liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based global proteomics approach to identify differentially expressed proteins in bladder cancer cell lines. A total of 3913 proteins were identified in this study, of which 479 proteins were overexpressed and 141 proteins were downregulated in 4 out …

Installing Oncofertility Programs For Common Cancers In Limited Resource Settings (Repro-Can-Open Study): An Extrapolation During The Global Crisis Of Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic, M. Salama, L. Ataman-Millhouse, M. Braham, K. Berjeb

Open Access archive

Purpose: The state of limited resource settings that Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created globally should be taken seriously into account especially in healthcare sector. In oncofertility, patients should receive their fertility preservation treatments urgently even in limited resource settings before initiation of anticancer therapy. Therefore, it is very crucial to learn more about oncofertility practice in limited resource settings such as in developing countries that suffer often from shortage of healthcare services provided to young patients with cancer. Methods: As an extrapolation during the global crisis of COVID-19 pandemic, we surveyed oncofertility centers from 14 developing countries (Egypt, Tunisia, Brazil, …

Clinical Manifestations Of Nipah Virus-Infected Patients Who Presented To The Emergency Department During An Outbreak In Kerala State In India, May 2018, Radhakrishnan Chandni, T. P. Renjith, Arshad Fazal, Noufel Yoosef

Open Access archive

Background. An outbreak of Nipah virus (NiV) disease occurred in the Kozhikode district of Kerala State in India in May 2018. Several cases were treated at the emergency medicine department (ED) of the Government Medical College, Kozhikode (GMCK). The clinical manifestations and outcome of these cases are described. Methods. The study included 12 cases treated in the ED of GMCK. Detailed clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and molecular testing for etiological diagnosis were performed. Results. The median age of the patients was 30 years and the male to female ratio was 1.4:1.0. All the cases except the index case contracted the …

C1q/Tnf-Related Protein 5 Contributes To Diabetic Vascular Endothelium Dysfunction Through Promoting Nox-1 Signaling., Jing Liu, Zhijun Meng, Lu Gan, Rui Guo, Jia Gao, Caihong Liu, Di Zhu, Demin Liu, Ling Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Dina Xie, Xiangying Jiao, Wayne Bond Lau, Bernard L. Lopez, Theodore A. Christopher, Xin-Liang Ma, Jimin Cao, Yajing Wang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Dysregulated adipokine profiles contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, a common pathological alteration in cardiovascular disorders, is exaggerated in diabetes. However, it is unclear whether and how dysregulated adipokines may contribute to diabetic EC dysfunction.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Serum C1q/TNF-Related Protein 5 (CTRP5) were determined in control/diabetes patients, and control/diabetic mice (high-fat diet, HFD). We observed for the first time that serum total CTRP5 was increased, high molecular weight (HMW) form was decreased, but the globular form (gCTRP5) was significantly increased in diabetic patients. These pathological alterations were reproduced in diabetic mice. To …

A Christian Perspective, Volume 24, No. 3, July–September 2020, Phadp, Bart Johnson, Jeffery Lee, Jovan Gaston, Earl Mcgahee, Chuck Allen, Jessie Phillips

A Christian Perspective

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Regulatory Agencies In The Frequency And Occurrence Of Health-Based Violations At Public Water Systems In The United States, Rose Afandi

Water Resources Professional Project Reports

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was implemented in the United States (U.S.) in 1974 for the purpose of protecting consumers from water contaminants. The Federal government gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to delegate the responsibility of ensuring that States, Sovereign Nations and U.S. territories meet specific requirements upon being granted primacy to regulate all public water systems (PWSs) in their jurisdiction. An examination of seven years (2013-2019) of SDWA compliance data from all PWSs in the U.S. revealed trends within various categories of regulating agencies that could create disparities in how water systems are regulated. Analyses …

Bioethics And Covid-19: The Tension Of Quarantine And Civil Liberties, Jeffrey H. Dobken

NYMC Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 public health response is based on law and concepts developed to address an act of
bioterrorism. In the absence of a specific treatment or vaccine for an identified patient with COVID-19 this is fundamentally a statistical approach to preserve the general healthy population rather than address the needs of the individual patient.

Reducing Risky Behavior With Habit Reversal: A Review Of Behavioral Strategies To Reduce Habitual Hand-To-Head Behavior, Megan R. Hienicke, Jordan T. Stiede, Raymond G. Miltenberger, Douglas W. Woods

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Habit reversal training (HRT) has been a mainstay of behavior analysts' repertoire for nearly the last 50 years. HRT has been effective in treating a host of repetitive behavior problems. In the face of the current coronavirus pandemic, HRT has practical public health importance as a possible intervention for reducing hand-to-head behaviors that increase the risk of viral infection. The current paper provides a brief review of HRT for hand-to-head habits that is designed for a broad audience and concludes with practical suggestions, based on HRT, for reducing face-touching behaviors.

Farber Hospitalist Service – Last 5 Years Of A Service Dedicated To The Medical Management Of Neurosurgical Patients, Rene Daniel, Catriona Mcdonald Harrop

JHN Journal

Neurosurgery hospitalists are closely involved in management of patients that undergo neurosurgery. In this article, we outline and discuss the major aspects of the work of these physicians. We emphasize the crucial role of these physicians in both preoperative and postoperative care as well as their roles in education and research. We also highlight the work of the Farber Hospitalist Service (FHS) for the last 5 year period, and point out the differences between FHS and other neurosurgery hospitalist services nationwide. It is hoped that this article will shed light on the work of neurosurgery hospitalists and help to clarify …

Management Of Hyperglycemia In The Neurosurgery Patient, Rene Daniel, Satya Villuri, Kevin Furlong

JHN Journal

Hyperglycemia is associated with adverse outcomes in patients who are candidates for or underwent neurosurgical procedures. Specific concerns and settings that relate to these patients are preoperative glycemic control, intraoperative control, management in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU), and postoperative control. In each of these settings, physicians have to ensure appropriate glycemic control to prevent or minimize adverse events. The glycemic control is usually managed by a neurohospitalist in co-management with the neurosurgery team pre- and postoperatively, and by the neurocritical care team in the setting of NICU. In this review article, we outline current standards of care for …

Opportunities And Challenges –The Next 5 Years Of A Service Dedicated To The Medical Management Of Neurosurgical Patients, Rene Daniel, Catriona Mcdonald Harrop

JHN Journal

Neurosurgery hospitalists will continue to be closely involved in the management of patients which undergo neurosurgery. In the first article, we discuss the tremendous potential of the service for improving the care for neurosurgical patients at Jefferson. We highlight the interactions with other services and the areas for potential growth. Further, we emphasize the need for constant feedback, which is necessary to improve the care provided by FHS.

In the second part of the article, we highlight the potential impact of FHS beyond the Jefferson Hospitals in Center City of Philadelphia, to other hospitals within the Jefferson network, and beyond …

Crossroads, Rebecca Keyes

All NMU Master's Theses

My thesis is a collection of nonfiction narrative essays that explore my relationship with fear: where it comes from, how it affects me, and how to move forward in life despite its sometimes crippling effects. My thesis also takes into consideration the ramifications of inherited trauma and how such shared family history--passed on through the blood or by the stories we share--provides a framework for analyzing my own fear. Like my title essay “Crossroads” implies, I find myself at a pivotal moment in my life--a fork in the road, if you will--and my thesis is an attempt to make a …

A School-Based Sexual Health Education Program, Tracy L. Kendall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A small rural community has high incidence rates of chlamydia (4,751 per 100,000) and gonorrhea (970 per 100,000) in females 15–24 years old. Data obtained from Texas Health and Human Services showed that incidence rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea in females 15–24 years old were higher in Navarro County, Texas, than the state of Texas. Texas schools do not mandate sex health education. There is a gap in school-based sexual health education available to 18- and 19-year-old females residing in this rural community in Texas. The purpose of this research study was to evaluate the impact of school-based sexual health …

Getting Back To The “New Normal”: Autonomy Restoration During A Global Pandemic, Eric M. Anicich, Trevor A. Foulk, Merrick R. Osborne, Jake Gale, Michael Schaerer

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We investigate the psychological recovery process of full-time employees during the two-week period at the onset of the Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Past research suggests that recovery processes start after stressors abate and can take months or years to unfold. In contrast, we build on autonomy restoration theory to suggest that recovery of impaired autonomy starts immediately even as a stressor is ongoing. Using growth curve modeling, we examined the temporal trajectories of two manifestations of impaired autonomy—powerlessness and (lack of) authenticity—to test whether recovery began as the pandemic unfolded. We tested our predictions using a unique experience-sampling dataset collected over …

Vertical Transmission And Venereal Transmission Of Zika Virus In A Population Of South Texas Aedes Aegypti, Jeremy Marshall

Theses and Dissertations

Zika virus has become a greater global public health concern from the occurrence of outbreaks in 2007 and its expansion to the Americas in 2015. The presence of Aedes aegypti in the Lower Rio Grande Valley and evidence of local transmission of Zika in Brownsville, Texas provides a need to research transmission dynamics of local populations. In these experiments, a locally acquired, laboratory colony of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were infected with a blood meal featuring a Mexican isolate of Zika virus to display vector competency, vertical transmission, venereal transmission. Here, we infected 39 females, with 34 of them displaying evidence …

Defective Early Innate Immune Response To Ectromelia Virus In The Draining Lymph Nodes Of Aged Mice Due To Impaired Dendritic Cell Accumulation., Colby Stotesbury, Eric B Wong, Lingjuan Tang, Brian Montoya, Cory J Knudson, Carolina R Melo-Silva, Luis J Sigal

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

It is known that aging decreases natural resistance to viral diseases due to dysfunctional innate and adaptive immune responses, but the nature of these dysfunctions, particularly in regard to innate immunity, is not well understood. We have previously shown that C57BL/6J (B6) mice lose their natural resistance to footpad infection with ectromelia virus (ECTV) due to impaired maturation and recruitment of natural killer (NK) cells to the draining popliteal lymph node (dLN). More recently, we have also shown that in young B6 mice infected with ECTV, the recruitment of NK cells is dependent on a complex cascade whereby migratory dendritic …

Determinants Of Nutrition Agenda Setting In The Context Of The Double Burden Of Malnutrition In Tamil Nadu, India, Shilpa Vimalananda Constantinides

Theses and Dissertations

The double burden of malnutrition is increasing in low- and middleincome countries, with economic, social, and health consequences. Policies and programs to address malnutrition at the national and subnational levels reflect the priorities and framing of the problem by the stakeholder community. Previous studies have examined if and how nutrition-related NCDs have been included into national nutrition policy agendas that have historically focused on reduction of undernutrition, but little is known about if or how this process occurs at the subnational level where policies are translated and implemented according to local contexts, priorities, and frames of nutrition-related NCDs.

We aimed …

The Membrane Protein Ankh Is Crucial For Bone Mechanical Performance By Mediating Cellular Export Of Citrate And Atp, Flóra Szeri, Stefan Lundkvist, Sylvia Donnelly, Udo F H Engelke, Kyu Rhee, Charlene J Williams, John P Sundberg, Ron A Wevers, Ryan Tomlinson, Robert S Jansen, Koen Van De Wetering

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

The membrane protein ANKH was known to prevent pathological mineralization of joints and was thought to export pyrophosphate (PPi) from cells. This did not explain, however, the presence of ANKH in tissues, such as brain, blood vessels and muscle. We now report that in cultured cells ANKH exports ATP, rather than PPi, and, unexpectedly, also citrate as a prominent metabolite. The extracellular ATP is rapidly converted into PPi, explaining the role of ANKH in preventing ankylosis. Mice lacking functional Ank (Ankank/ank mice) had plasma citrate concentrations that were 65% lower than those detected in wild type control animals. Consequently, citrate …

Differential Effects Of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Vs. Methadone On Quality Of Life Over Time: A Subset Of The Bravo Study (Buprenorphine To Improve Hiv Care Engagement And Outcomes: A Randomized Trial), Ali Mirzazadeh Javaheri

University Honors Theses

Health-related Quality of Life (QoL) is generally poorer in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in comparison with those suffering from other chronic diseases. Little is known about the difference each buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) or methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) may make in the QoL for the HIV-infected people with OUD who are new to HIV care. The objective of this study is to evaluate the difference in the impact that BUP/NX and MMT treatment delivery models make on the QoL of the HIV-infected participants with OUD in Vietnam.

This study was a subset of the BRAVO study, buprenorphine to improve HIV …

Existence Of Traveling Wave Solutions Of A Deterministic Vector-Host Epidemic Model With Direct Transmission, Dawit Denu, Sedar Ngoma, Rachidi B. Salako

Mathematics

We consider an epidemic model with direct transmission given by a system of nonlinear partial differential equations and study the existence of traveling wave solutions. When the basic reproductive number of the considered model is less than one, we show that there is no nontrivial traveling wave solution. On the other hand, when the basic reproductive number is greater than one, we prove that there is a minimum wave speed c such that the system has a traveling wave solution with speed c connecting both equilibrium points for any c ≥ c. Moreover, under suitable assumption on the diffusion …

An Assessment Of Disinfection-Related Water Chemistry At Public Pools And Spas In Louisville, Kentucky, Thomas Gerding, Tim Wilder, Jason W. Marion

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The growth in the number of pools to more than 7.4 million in the U.S. has been accompanied by a rise in recreational water illnesses (RWIs). Effective pool management, though, can mitigate RWI risks. Inadequate management presumably occurs more frequently where training is less formalized and/or pool operation is a minor aspect of the job of the responsible pool manager(s). During summer 2018, weekly evaluations were performed at public venues in Louisville, Kentucky. Disinfectant levels and other items were monitored and compared with venue-specific (pool or spa) criteria. Among 1,312 venue surveys, 1,173 (89.4%) met criteria and 139 (10.6%) did …

July 2020 News Releases, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of University Relations

University of Montana News Releases, 1928, 1956-present

No abstract provided.

Establishment Of Mucuna Bracteata As A Platform For The Production Of Anti-Toxoplasma Immunoglobulin, Abd Aziz Nazrin

Student Works (2020-2029)

Production of recombinant proteins using plant system has gained a continuous momentum in the past decade. Traditionally, recombinant proteins are commercially produced through mammalian cell lines and microbial fermentation. These conventional platforms have intricate scalability, safety issues and costly. On the other hand, plants are easily scalable, economically competitive and do not harbor animal or human pathogens. As eukaryote, plants are capable to carry out complex post-translational modifications that are necessary for functional biological activities such as disulphide bridging and glycosylation. The aim of this study is to establish a new platform for the production of recombinant pharmaceutical protein in …

The Bulletin: Sidney Kimmel Medical College At Thomas Jefferson University, Volume 69, Issue 2, Summer 2020

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

This issue includes:

• A Message from the President Facing Crises with Creativity
• Dean’s Column Difficult Times Define Us
• Jefferson COVID Stories
• Reflections from the Frontlines
• One Step of Many White Coats for Black Lives Peaceful Protest at Jefferson
• Time Capsule Philadelphia 1918: The Flu Pandemic Hits Home
• A Message from Elizabeth A. Dale Helping the Heroes
• Discovery Combating COVID-19
• Heroes on the Sidelines Sidelined from Patient Care, SKMC Students Find Purpose in Volunteer Work
• From the Front Lines to Online SKMC Doesn’t Miss a Beat in Medical Education
• Navigating Uncharted Waters in Search of the Class of 2024
• You’ve Got …

Electronic Surveillance Systems For Healthcare-Associated Infections (Hais): Prerequisite In Healthcare, Soumya Christabel Ms, Christopher Sudhaker Dr, Muralidhar Varma Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Abstract: The surveillance of HAI involves the systematic collation of HAI data, analysis and transformation into information and disseminating to those related who can take necessary action to combat HAI. HAIs pose a major problem today within healthcare. Detecting HAI poses the main challenge in healthcare. In the face of limited resources, surveillance in its traditional format is labour intensive. During the last few decades, healthcare-related infections impose a major burden on healthcare seekers. Conversely, with the use of information technology, substantial efforts have been made to improve the efficacy of HAI surveillance. This review highlights the progress made in …

Growing South Dakota (Spring/Summer 2020), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station 2019 Annual Report.

[Page] 2 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Update
[Page] 4 Featured Research
[Page] 14 Graduate and Undergraduate Research: In Our Own Words
[Page] 20 Featured Research
[Page] 32 Research in Progress
[Page] 38 CAFES News and Updates
[Page] 56 Jackrabbits Now and Then: A Current Student and Alumni Q&A

Aging With Hiv In The United States: Trends And Impact Of Hospital Stays On Inpatient Resource Utilization, And Costs Of Care, 2003-2015, Khairul Alam Siddiqi

Theses and Dissertations

Background:

Due to advances in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) live longer in the United States. Aging prolongs exposure to HIV and antiretroviral drugs, which could lead to an elevated risk of developing multiple age-related comorbidities [HIV Associated Non-AIDS (HANA) conditions], earlier for PLWH. Higher comorbidity burdens among older PLWH may require greater use of inpatient care, i.e., higher hospitalization, inpatient resource utilization, and costs. This study examined the trends and characteristics of comorbidities, resource utilization, and costs of hospital stays with HIV (HSWH) compared to hospital stays without HIV (HSWOH). We also assessed trends for resource …

Temporal Differences In The Emission And Atmospheric Dispersion Of Particulate Matter From Waste And Drinking Water Treatment Facilities, Abdulmalik Alsaif

Theses and Dissertations

Many countries encounter a growing shortage of water, and the reuse of treated or untreated wastewater is their main source. Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are mainly designed to remove organic nutrients, large solids, and chemical substances. There are some possible issues regarding WWTPs that are close to residential areas around the world. One of the environmental effects from WWTP that might cause air pollution would be the emission of toxic chemical gases and microorganisms via aerosols that transport bacteria as well as viruses and fungal spores which can be harmful to human health. Therefore, particulate matters (PM) and metrological parameters …