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2020

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Internal Business Control Systems In Small Puerto Rican Retail Businesses, Belma A. Borras Jan 2020

Internal Business Control Systems In Small Puerto Rican Retail Businesses, Belma A. Borras

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small businesses' vulnerability to financial losses brought about by employee theft is higher than for larger organizations. Small business owners are concerned about occupational fraud, as the annual average loss from fraud for small business owners in the United States was $150,000 per incident. Grounded in the fraud triangle theory and COSO Internal Control Integrated Framework, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between the degree of segregation of duties, attitude toward internal controls, and the internal control system in small gas and convenience stores in Puerto Rico. Data were collected from 129 small business …

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Unveiling Crucivirus Diversity By Mining Metagenomic Data, Ignacio De La Higuera, George Kasun, Ellis L. Torrance, Alyssa A. Pratt, Amberlee Maluenda, Jonathan Colombet, Maxime Bisseux, Viviane Ravet, Anisha Dayaram, Daisy Stainton, Simona Kraberger, Peyman Zawar-Reza, Sharyn Goldstien, James V. Briskie, Robyn White, Helen Taylor, Christopher Gomez, David G. Ainley, Jon S. Harding, Rafaela S. Fontenele, Joshua Schreck, Simone Ribeiro, Stephen A. Oswald, Jennifer M. Arnold, François Enault, Arvind Varsani, Kenneth M. Stedman Jan 2020

Unveiling Crucivirus Diversity By Mining Metagenomic Data, Ignacio De La Higuera, George Kasun, Ellis L. Torrance, Alyssa A. Pratt, Amberlee Maluenda, Jonathan Colombet, Maxime Bisseux, Viviane Ravet, Anisha Dayaram, Daisy Stainton, Simona Kraberger, Peyman Zawar-Reza, Sharyn Goldstien, James V. Briskie, Robyn White, Helen Taylor, Christopher Gomez, David G. Ainley, Jon S. Harding, Rafaela S. Fontenele, Joshua Schreck, Simone Ribeiro, Stephen A. Oswald, Jennifer M. Arnold, François Enault, Arvind Varsani, Kenneth M. Stedman

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The discovery of cruciviruses revealed the most explicit example of a common protein homologue between DNA and RNA viruses to date. Cruciviruses are a novel group of circular Rep-encoding single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (CRESSDNA) viruses that encode capsid proteins that are most closely related to those encoded by RNA viruses in the family Tombusviridae. The apparent chimeric nature of the two core proteins encoded by crucivirus genomes suggests horizontal gene transfer of capsid genes between DNA and RNA viruses. Here, we identified and characterized 451 new crucivirus genomes and 10 capsid-encoding circular genetic elements through de novo assembly and mining of …

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Community-Based Counselors’ Experiences Counseling Female Adjudicated Youth: A Basic Qualitative Study, Ericka Pinckney Jan 2020

Community-Based Counselors’ Experiences Counseling Female Adjudicated Youth: A Basic Qualitative Study, Ericka Pinckney

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Licensed professional counselors (LPCs) have encountered difficulties engaging at-risk youth in meaningful treatment. Youth who faced great stress such as abuse, neglect, truancy, family problems, homelessness, and traumatic events have presented with challenging behaviors. Literature suggested adjudicated youth engaged in relational and physical aggression; these behaviors increased the risk for out-of-home placement. Research on community based LPCs’ professional experiences in working with adjudicated female youth is scarce. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore community-based counselors' experiences treating female adjudicated youth. Professional counselors' techniques and strategies were explored. The relational-cultural theory provided the conceptual lens through which …

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Characteristics Of Teacher Language Exchange With Preschool Children, Patricia Plummer-Wilson Jan 2020

Characteristics Of Teacher Language Exchange With Preschool Children, Patricia Plummer-Wilson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research has documented the influence of early home language experiences on children’s development and educational success, but as many children spend large portions of their days in childcare centers, preschool teachers have similar potential to have a profound and lasting influence on children’s language development. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the varying levels of quantity and quality of teacher language exchanges with preschool students in independently-funded childcare facilities. The work of Hart and Risley on parental language exchange formed the conceptual framework for this study. The research questions guiding this study focused on affirmative versus …

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Evaluation Of A New Nurse Mentor Program, Corinne Romano Jan 2020

Evaluation Of A New Nurse Mentor Program, Corinne Romano

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Novice nurses in the facility had a turnover rate of 32% in 2017 and 2018, despite participation in a novice nurse residency program. This project was the 3-month formative evaluation of a 1-year mentor program designed for novice nurses. The mentor program had been created to augment the residency program and support practice transition for novice nurses. The project questions explored the results of the process evaluation at the 3-month mark of the year-long mentorship program for the first cohort and recommendations to the mentor coordinators for continuous quality improvement. This quality improvement project followed the PDSA (plan-do-study-act) methodology. The …

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Experiences Of Adult Survivors Of Child Sexual Assault As Parents Advising Their Children’S Sexual Exploration, Neysa Rhodes Jan 2020

Experiences Of Adult Survivors Of Child Sexual Assault As Parents Advising Their Children’S Sexual Exploration, Neysa Rhodes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

One form of child abuse is childhood sexual assault (CSA). A gap in the literature exists concerning how adult survivors of childhood sexual assault (ASCSA) experience parenting their children during their exploration of sex. This descriptive phenomenological study was designed to explore the lived experiences of ASCSA parents helping their children explore sex. Attachment theory provided the conceptual framework. Data were collected from questionnaires completed by 5 participants recruited through websites offering supportive services to adults who experienced CSA. Gregorio’s steps of phenomenological analysis were used to analyze the data. Results indicated two themes regarding the perception of parenting skills: …

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Exploring The Effectiveness Of The Psychiatric Emergency Response Team At A Washington State Hospital, Laura Kay Schilling Jan 2020

Exploring The Effectiveness Of The Psychiatric Emergency Response Team At A Washington State Hospital, Laura Kay Schilling

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Patient-to-staff assaults have become a barrier to workplace safety at U.S. psychiatric hospitals. Assaults on staff result in loss of productive social service for the mentally ill; increases in labor, industrial, and medical costs from claims; and psychological scars, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, that may never completely heal. The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the effectiveness of the Psychiatric Emergency Response Team (PERT) at the Washington state hospital in reducing patient assaults on staff. There is very little research to substantiate the effectiveness of the PERT program as a conduit of workplace safety in psychiatric institutional …

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Personality, Job Satisfaction, And Turnover In Long-Term Care Nursing Assistants, Sarah Elizabeth Shanks Jan 2020

Personality, Job Satisfaction, And Turnover In Long-Term Care Nursing Assistants, Sarah Elizabeth Shanks

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is a clear association between nursing assistant (NA) turnover and resident outcomes which may be caused by poor compensation, organizational culture, and staffing mix. However, very limited literature is available exploring intrinsic variables of NAs, specifically personality, leading to turnover. Guided by the five-factor personality theory and Herzberg’s two-factor motivation hygiene theory, the purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between the five-factor personality traits of open-mindedness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism; length of employment; and job satisfaction among NAs working in long-term care. The Nursing Home Certified Nursing Assistant Job Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to …

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Factors Associated With Incarceration Of Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Sabine Silien Charles Jan 2020

Factors Associated With Incarceration Of Adolescents With Learning Disabilities, Sabine Silien Charles

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Incarceration of adolescents in the United States has grown substantially during the last 3 decades with nearly 53,000 adolescents held every day in correctional facilities. Many researchers have raised concerns about the greater percentage of adolescents with learning disabilities (LDs) in the juvenile system. In the state of Washington, one study in residential placements showed approximately 20% of youth incarcerated had a diagnosed LD. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to use the therapeutic change, length of stay, and recidivism in incarcerated juvenile offenders in Washington state, 2008–2015 data set to examine possible factors associated with incarceration of …

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African American Noncustodial Fathers’ Perceptions Of Fatherhood Programs, Melissa Marie Smith Jan 2020

African American Noncustodial Fathers’ Perceptions Of Fatherhood Programs, Melissa Marie Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Fatherhood programs have varying intentions, including encouraging peer interaction among fathers, supporting healthy father-child relationships, developing positive family dynamics, and identifying parenting strategies. However, much less is known about how fatherhood programs fulfill the needs of fathers as examined by the theory of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The purpose of this qualitative generative research study was to explore African American noncustodial fathers’ experiences of fatherhood program in which they participated, and how these programs fulfilled their needs as framed by those from Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The research question for this study focused on how African American noncustodial fathers perceive …

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Probation And Parole Officers’ Experiences Addressing Criminogenic Needs Of Adult Felony Offenders, Maria L. Stephenson Jan 2020

Probation And Parole Officers’ Experiences Addressing Criminogenic Needs Of Adult Felony Offenders, Maria L. Stephenson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Probation and parole officers (PPOs) deviate from evidence-based practices implemented to reduce recidivism among adult felony offenders. PPOs fail to adhere to risk-need assessment results during case management, but prior research has not established the reasons for this deviation. This qualitative phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of PPOs implementing the risk needs responsivity (RNR) model by addressing the criminogenic needs of adult felony offenders. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Lipsky’s street-level bureaucracy theory, Becker’s labeling theory, and Andrews and Bonta’s RNR theory. This study involved in-depth, individual, semistructured interviews with 6 participants. The data were …

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Experience Of Academic Motivation Among Disadvantaged High School Graduates, Jamaal Anthony Thomas Jan 2020

Experience Of Academic Motivation Among Disadvantaged High School Graduates, Jamaal Anthony Thomas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Impoverished students face obstacles that influence academic achievement and motivation. These young people are disadvantaged by their circumstances and are at risk for missing opportunities that could prepare them for meaningful careers and improved quality of life. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain a deeper understanding of academic motivation in academic scholarship students who attended disadvantaged schools. Social identity theory provided the theoretical framework for a narrative analysis of the experience of academic motivation, academic achievement, and social identity. Five female and 4 male college students were interviewed. The thematic analysis revealed 4 themes: motivated by overcoming …

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Career Development Professionals' Perceived Self-Efficacy With Baby Boomers From The Automotive Industry, Rhonda Ann Suggs Jan 2020

Career Development Professionals' Perceived Self-Efficacy With Baby Boomers From The Automotive Industry, Rhonda Ann Suggs

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The labor market has shifted toward automation with an aging workforce as jobs transitioned from vocational to career. Following the Great Recession, career development professionals struggled to prepare older workers for an evolving, competitive, global workforce for the generation known as baby boomers that prefer to remain in the workforce. The problem in this study was the gap between the career development needs of baby boomers from the automotive industry and the levels of support provided by career development professionals who serve this population. Grounded in Bandura’s social cognitive theory, the purpose of this comparative quantitative study was to determine …

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Social Cognitive Theory Constructs That Predict Betel Nut Chewing Among Secondary Students, Lepani Waqatakirewa Jan 2020

Social Cognitive Theory Constructs That Predict Betel Nut Chewing Among Secondary Students, Lepani Waqatakirewa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

After alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine, areca or betel nut is the 4th most common substance of abuse in the world, and its prevalence of use in the Solomon Islands is estimated at 68% in young people. Long-term use of betel nut can result in detrimental health outcomes such as oral cancers and metabolic syndrome. Guided by the social cognitive theory (SCT), the purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to determine whether the constructs of SCT predict betel nut use in Year 12 secondary students in the Solomon Islands. Five SCT constructs of expectations (outcome expectations and outcome expectancies), self-efficacy, …

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Chronic Care Model For Management Of Diabetes Mellitus, Junecia White Jan 2020

Chronic Care Model For Management Of Diabetes Mellitus, Junecia White

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease affecting individuals at various stages of life. More than 114 million Americans are at risk of developing complications of diabetes. It is the leading cause of kidney failure, nontraumatic lower-limb amputations, heart disease, stroke, and new cases of blindness among adults in the United States. This quality improvement project sought to understand if important clinical indicators of diabetes mellitus such as HbA1c, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, serum creatinine; and estimated glomerular filtration rate would improve after implementation of a team-based guideline-informed approach to diabetes care management. The chronic care …

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Predictors Of Intention To Use Health Literacy Strategies Among Physicians In Grenada, Arlette Wildman Jan 2020

Predictors Of Intention To Use Health Literacy Strategies Among Physicians In Grenada, Arlette Wildman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low health literacy is linked to poor health outcomes. Adequate health literacy depends on effective communication between patients and their healthcare providers, so it is important physicians use health literacy strategies. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior, the aim of this quantitative correlational study was to investigate the relationship between health literacy knowledge, health literacy experience, gender, the region of training, years of practice, and intentions to use health literacy strategies among physicians in Grenada. One hundred and eighteen physicians were sampled using a cross-sectional survey method. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis were significant, F(5, 112) …

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Leadership Strategies And Millennial Organizational Commitment, Louis Wilford Jan 2020

Leadership Strategies And Millennial Organizational Commitment, Louis Wilford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Managing millennial employees may present challenges to managers as the workforce demographics shifts to a population of employees who have management needs that differ from previous generations. Managers who struggle with retaining millennial employees may experience business failure. Grounded in the transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore the strategies managers in the financial management industry use to harness the creativity and commitment of millennial employees to increase organizational profitability. Two financial management industry managers who successfully retained talented millennials to improve profitability were interviewed; organizational documents were a secondary data source. A …

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Improving Effective Pain Assessment And Management In Elderly Patients, Omotola A. Adebayo Jan 2020

Improving Effective Pain Assessment And Management In Elderly Patients, Omotola A. Adebayo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Inadequate management of pain is common in the elderly, and the negative implications are often profound. Untreated pain has been associated with negative consequences such as depression, anxiety, sleep disruption, weight loss, and limitations in the performance of daily activities and functions. The purpose of this educational project was to improve the assessment and management of pain of elderly patients residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The project question examined the effects of staff education on the nursing staff’s knowledge of pain assessment and management. Nonlicensed personnel are at the forefront of providing direct patient care in LTCFs. Knowles’s theory …

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Strategies To Reduce Voluntary Employee Turnover, Patricia M. Alexander Jan 2020

Strategies To Reduce Voluntary Employee Turnover, Patricia M. Alexander

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High voluntary turnover negatively impacts an organization's profits, resulting in high expenses for businesses. The findings contribute to practical ways for small business leaders to maintain long-term employees, minimize operational costs, and enhance local economic stability. Grounded in the concept of transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the strategies small business leaders use to reduce voluntary employee turnover. The participants comprised 5 private industry leaders in the state of Virginia, who were successful in reducing voluntary employee turnover. Data collected through semistructured face-to-face interviews and analysis of company documents. Based on Yin's …

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Lifestyle Factors And Social Determinants As Predictors Of Weight/Body Mass Index, Uthman Alhaji Baba Jan 2020

Lifestyle Factors And Social Determinants As Predictors Of Weight/Body Mass Index, Uthman Alhaji Baba

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity is a major public health concern that includes the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and premature death in adults. Previous studies have established the relationship between gender, educational level, household income and respondents’ weight but additional research is needed to factor the nature of education in relation to gender differences, diet, and other important behavioral mediators such as social determinants. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study is to determine the extent to which frequency of physical activity, household income, social determinants of health (money for balanced meals, finances at the end of month, and poor mental health), respondent …

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Non-Pharmacological Interventions For Residents With Dementia, Jared Bielanski Jan 2020

Non-Pharmacological Interventions For Residents With Dementia, Jared Bielanski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The use of antipsychotic medications in persons with dementia has been shown to increase mortality in long-term care (LTC) patients. National guidelines recommend the use of nonpharmacological interventions when possible for LTC residents with dementia. Nurses who work in a local LTC facility are not regularly trained in effective nonpharmacological interventions and lack the knowledge to provide care for patients with dementia. To provide safe and effective alternative interventions to antipsychotic medication use, nurses and direct care staff must have current, evidence-based education available to them about alternative practices. The purpose of this staff education project, guided by Calista Roy’s …

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Understanding Teachers’ Experiences Implementing An Innovative Early Literacy Program, Stephanie Callaway Jan 2020

Understanding Teachers’ Experiences Implementing An Innovative Early Literacy Program, Stephanie Callaway

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study was the lack of effective literacy interventions for the development of reading skills for primary students who are at-risk for dropping out of high school. The purpose of this study was to examine early literacy instruction by exploring the insights and perspectives of primary educators who participated in a literacy intervention program known as the supporting literacy model. The conceptual framework was based on sociocultural learning theory and self-efficacy theory. The main research question for this qualitative multiple case study addressed the experiences of teachers and instructional coaches who implemented the supporting literacy model. …

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Mandibular Attachment Device Effects On African American Veterans With Heart Failure, Tracey T. F. Carter Jan 2020

Mandibular Attachment Device Effects On African American Veterans With Heart Failure, Tracey T. F. Carter

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Heart failure is a growing epidemic that affects people nationwide and is disproportionate to African Americans. The purpose of this quantitative repeated measures study was to determine whether mandibular attachment device (MAD) therapy impacts symptoms of heart failure in African American male veterans diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The oxidative stress theory was applied in this study to assess whether MAD therapy received from Veterans Affairs (VA) dental clinics impacted heart failure symptoms, after controlling for patient body mass index (BMI) levels and smoking status. Research questions examined whether MAD had a significant effect on symptoms of heart failure …

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Cultural Identity As A Predictor Of Weight Loss In U.S. Hispanics, Leon Daniels Jan 2020

Cultural Identity As A Predictor Of Weight Loss In U.S. Hispanics, Leon Daniels

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research on behavioral weight-loss programs has guided the development of health-related, behavior-change interventions that contribute to combating overweight and obesity in the United States, and illnesses that co-occur with unhealthy weight. However, research on behavioral weight-loss programs that focus on the U.S. Hispanic population and cultural identity is largely unrepresented in the current literature. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine body mass index (BMI) decreases of U.S. Hispanics while observing their (a) motivation toward exercise, (b) cultural identity, (c) physical activity program type, (d) exercise frequency, and (e) demographic variables as predictors of weight-loss. Guiding this study …

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Teachers’ Use Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports With Social Studies Instruction, Constance Michelle Davenport Jan 2020

Teachers’ Use Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports With Social Studies Instruction, Constance Michelle Davenport

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem at a rural Title I elementary school in a southern state is that it is unknown how teachers integrate Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) with social studies. A qualitative descriptive case study was conducted to explore teachers’ perceptions of integrating PBIS within social studies classes to facilitate instruction and engage students in learning. The conceptual framework that grounded the study was the PBIS structure, an evidence based intervention practice and organizational system, used to support and improve behavioral and academic outcomes for students. The research questions concerned how teachers integrate PBIS with social studies to facilitate instruction …

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Case Managers’ Lived Experiences Working With Trauma Victims, Margaret Donohue Jan 2020

Case Managers’ Lived Experiences Working With Trauma Victims, Margaret Donohue

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore and understand how case managers’ (CMs’) experiences listening to trauma stories of trauma victims affects them personally and professionally and what strategies they use to cope with hearing these stories. Constructivist self-development theory provided a framework for understanding the development of vicarious trauma in mental health workers. The central question and subquestions were developed to address the identified problem and purpose of the study, asking how CMs describe their experiences, how hearing trauma stories impacts CMs, and how CMs cope with their experiences of hearing trauma stories of trauma victims. …

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Small-To-Medium-Size Enterprise Managers’ Experiences With Cloud Computing, Anthony Effiong Jan 2020

Small-To-Medium-Size Enterprise Managers’ Experiences With Cloud Computing, Anthony Effiong

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Historically, managers of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have had concerns regarding cloud computing and cybersecurity. Their resistance to using cloud computing has influenced their ability to do business effectively and to compete with businesses that use cloud computing. The purposes of this descriptive phenomenological study were to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of SME managers that might influence their decisions to adopt cloud computing. Watson’s concept of resistance to change and Davis, Bagozzi, and Warhaw’s technology acceptance model were the conceptual frameworks that guided this qualitative study. Data collection consisted of conducting 16 semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions …

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Resiliency In Latino Youth Experiencing Cartel Violence And Other Perceived Traumatic Events, Kasandra Garcia Reyna Jan 2020

Resiliency In Latino Youth Experiencing Cartel Violence And Other Perceived Traumatic Events, Kasandra Garcia Reyna

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Latino youth at the violent forefront of the U.S.-Mexico border face traumatic events daily. The present study examined Latino youths’ resiliency to the violence that they face and what factors help them cope. A quantitative research approach based upon resilience theory explored social support, perceived traumatic events, and resiliency in 134 Latino youth ages 18 to 19 years who lived near the Texas-Mexico border and had witnessed, had been involved in, or had family members involved in cartel-related violence. Measurement of participants’ family and social supports along with their perceived traumatic events enabled a comparison of these scores with the …

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Barriers To Reporting Workplace Violence In Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review, Kari Gaston Jan 2020

Barriers To Reporting Workplace Violence In Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review, Kari Gaston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Underreporting of workplace violence by emergency department (ED) nurses is a global practice concern. When workplace violence is not reported, the breadth of the issue is not reflected in the data, which is necessary to support legislative action, regulatory requirements, and organizational changes to prevent violence. The purpose of this systematic review of literature was to appraise and synthesize evidence regarding ED nurses’ barriers to reporting workplace violence. The practice-focused question addressed the barriers to reporting workplace violence according to emergency nurses. The theory of planned behavior was the theoretical framework for this project. Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt’s critical appraisal of …

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Behavioral, Demographic, And Clinical Determinants Of Hiv Serostatus In Zambian Women, Debebe Masresha Gebreyohannes Jan 2020

Behavioral, Demographic, And Clinical Determinants Of Hiv Serostatus In Zambian Women, Debebe Masresha Gebreyohannes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection shows a diminishing trend at the global level while it shows increasing in intensity of mortality, morbidity, and burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. The intertwined behavioral, demographic, and clinical determinants fueled the incidence of infections in Zambian women. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between demographic, behavioral, and clinical determinants with HIV serostatus in Zambian women. With the conceptual framework of the World Health Organization’s Commission for Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) and quantitative method of MANOVA, this study examined Zambian Demographic Health Survey data for Zambian women of …

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