Digital Commons Network^™

Does Context Matter? A Multilevel Analysis Of Neighborhood Disadvantage And Children's Sleep Health, Carlyn Graham, Eric N. Reither, Gabriele Ciciurkaite, Dipti Dev, Jamison Fargo

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Objectives: To determine how demographic, socioeconomic, and neighborhood characteristics are associated with bedtimes among US kindergarteners.

Design: Parents reported bedtimes of their children as well as personal, household, and residential characteristics via interviews in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K) Class of 1998-1999. The ECLS-K links individual households to US Census tracts.

Setting: A random selection of 1,280 schools and surrounding communities in the US.

Participants: A random selection of 16,936 kindergarteners and their parents.

Measurements: The 2 outcomes were regular and latest weekday bedtimes of kindergarteners. Through a series of nested multilevel regression models, these outcomes were regressed on …

The Meanings And Ways Of Parental Involvement Among Low-Income Filipinos, Aileen Garcia, Maria Rosario De Guzman

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Parental involvement in children’s education is an integral component of young children’s academic achievement. Although there is clear evidence regarding the benefits of parental involvement, little is known regarding its impacts, manifestations, and conceptualizations in non-Western societies. Given that parenting and child rearing are imbued with cultural meaning in many profound ways (Super & Harkness,1986), this study employed a phenomenological approach and used pakikipagkwentuhan, a data collection procedure drawn from indigenous Filipino Psychology to closely examine how low-income Filipino parents conceptualize parental involvement and its role in their children’s education. Thirty-one parents/caregivers were engaged in conversation and qualitative data …

Emotional Support And Mental Health Among Somali Men In A Rural Midwestern Town, Julie A. Tippens, Gilbert R. Parra, Patrick Habecker, Kimberly Gocchi Carrasco, Arthur R. Andrews Iii, Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly, Virginia Chaidez, Jordan Soliz, Lisa M. Pytlikzillig, Kirk Dombrowski

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Perceived social support has been correlated with refugees’ positive mental health outcomes; yet, little is known about the perceived sources of support after secondary migration to new-destination rural towns. Somali refugee men (n _ 49) residing in a rural Midwest United States community were recruited using respondent-driven sampling to complete a self-administered structured survey in English or Somali using audio computer-assisted self-interview software. Questions assessed perceived sources of support, psychological distress, and happiness. Somali participants reported low utilization of both informal (30.4%) and formal (24.4%) supports when sad, stressed, or worried. Two thirds of participants reported low levels of …

Collaborative Care At A Distance: Student Therapists’ Experiences Of Learning And Delivering Relationally Focused Telemental Health, Paul Springer, Richard Bischoff, Kara Kohel, Nathan C. Taylor, Adam Farero

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

There is mounting evidence that telemental health is an effective delivery method for treating a variety of mental, emotional, behavioral, and relational health problems. While many of the therapeutic skills leading to the effectiveness of face-to-face treatments are transferable, the effectiveness of telemental health requires unique skills. The purpose of this phenomeno- logical study was to determine the experience of learning how to use videoconferencing to deliver relationally focused mental health care. Participants included 10 graduates of a COAMFTE-accredited master’s degree program emphasizing training in telemental health. Each student had practicum placements that required videoconferencing to deliver relation- ally based …

Ethics Based Training For Clinicians: Moving Beyond Ethical Decision Making Models, Bobbi J. Miller, Paul R. Springer

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Clinical training in ethical decision making processes has relied heavily on teaching students to apply ethical codes and legal statutes to written scenarios using ethical decision making models. While an excellent academic exercise, this approach tends to remain abstract and does not prepare students for the complexities of making decisions during the process of therapy. Recently, experts in the field have called for reforms in ethical training, believing current models must move beyond cognitive exercises that detach students from the humanity of their clients and themselves. The described pedagogical approach bridges the gap by using a modified Objective Structured Clinical …

Promoting Higher Quality Teacher–Child Relationships: The Insights Intervention In Rural Schools, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Ray Reichenberg, Jungwon Eum, Jentry Stoneman Barrett, Yuenjung Joo, Emily Wilson, Martinique Sealy

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Children’s relationships with teachers in kindergarten are crucial for academic and social success. Research shows that teacher–child relationships are predicated, in part, on children’s temperament. The “INSIGHTS into Children’s Temperament” intervention was intended to improve children’s and teachers’ understanding of their and others’ temperament, and has been shown to improve children’s social skills and self-regulation in urban, under-resourced schools. The current study is part of a replication of the effects of INSIGHTS with a sample in rural schools. The purpose was to test the effectiveness of INSIGHTS for promoting positive relationships between teachers and children in kindergarten. Two cohorts of …

Child Sleep And Socioeconomic Context In The Development Of Cognitive Abilities In Early Childhood, Caroline P. Hoyniak, John E. Bates, Angela D. Staples, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Dennis Molfese, Victoria J. Molfese

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Despite a robust literature examining the association between sleep problems and cognitive abilities in childhood, little is known about this association in toddlerhood, a period of rapid cognitive development. The present study examined the association between various sleep problems, using actigraphy, and performance on a standardized test of cognitive abilities, longitudinally across three ages (30, 36, and 42 months) in a large sample of toddlers (N = 493). Results revealed a between-subject effect in which the children who had more delayed sleep schedules on average also showed poorer cognitive abilities on average but did not support a within-subjects effect. Results …

Parent Involvement And Its Influence On Children’S Stem Learning: A Review Of The Research, Julie Thomas, Juliana Utley, Soo-Young Hong, Hunkar Korkmaz, Gwen Nugent

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

A growing understanding that parents and teachers can effectively collaborate to help children succeed in school has led worldwide policymakers and school leaders to begin deliberate actions to increase parents’ participation in school life. For example, the Chilean Education Minister recently encouraged contracts between parents, schools, and the state to increase parental involvement. The Australian government has formed a Research Alliance for Children and Youth to develop and promote understanding of parent involvement (i.e., what it is, why it matters, how it influences learning) and to build evidence about what works. From a sociological perspective, a school’s organizational boundaries are …

Choosing Quality Early Childhood Curricula, Rachel E. Schachter, Shayne B. Piasta, Laura M. Justice

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

This article summarizes a study investigating the curricula and features of those curricula used by 497 early childhood educators across one Midwestern state. Curricula were identified and coded for quality features derived from the research, theory, and policy literatures. Results indicated that most educators utilized Creative Curriculum or High Scope (over 60%); however, these and many other curricula did not include all the key quality features. Importantly, most educators were utilizing curricula with no evidence of effectiveness for supporting children’s outcomes. Furthermore, limitations in the presence of key curricula features may indicate that curricula generally are not adequately supporting early …

An Investigation Into The Curricula (Type And Quality) Used By Early Childhood Educators, Rachel E. Schachter, Shayne B. Piasta, Laura M. Justice

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Most preschool-aged children spend time in Head Start and other center-based care. Thus, early educators’ use of a quality curriculum is essential to maximizing children’s learning. We examined the curricula utilized by educators working in diverse settings with children ages 3 to 5, focusing on key features of quality curriculum identified from the literature. Most educators (75%) reported using formal curricula. Creative Curriculum and HighScope were the most common; 6% of educators reported no curriculum use. There was a lack of consensus regarding what constitutes curriculum with 16% of participants reporting the use of materials generally not considered curriculum (e.g., …

Comparison Of Urban And Rural Physical Activity And Outdoor Play Environments Of Childcare Centers And Family Childcare Homes, Danae Dinkel, Dipti Dev, Yage Guo, Ami Sedani, Emily Hulse, Zainab Rida, Kayla Abel

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity environment in childcare programs across type (childcare centers [CCCs] and family childcare homes [FCCHs]) and geographic location (urban and rural) as assessed by physical activity best practices according to the Go Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-assessment in Child Care. Results showed CCCs compared with FCCHs reported higher achievement of best practices. Further, urban childcare programs (CCCs and FCCHs) reported higher achievement of best practices in comparison to rural childcare programs. There is a need to deliver targeted interventions that promote children’s physical activity in FCCHs and CCCs in rural …

Eastern North Carolina Head Start Teachers’ Personal And Professional Experiences With Healthy Eating And Physical Activity: A Qualitative Exploration, Virginia C. Stage, Lorelei Jones, Jocelyn Bayles, Archana V. Hegde, Dipti Dev, L. Suzanne Goodell

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Objective: Explore the interrelationship between teachers’ personal and professional socio-ecological structures while examining Head Start (HS) teachers’ experiences with (1) trying to eat healthy and engage in physical activity (PA) and (2) promote healthy eating and PA in their classrooms.

Design: In-depth semi-structured interviews were collected from March through June 2017. Researchers designed the data collection and analysis methods using a phenomenological approach. All interviews were recorded using digital audio and transcribed verbatim.

Setting: Seven HS centers in two rural eastern North Carolina counties.

Participants: Teachers (n 15) who had recently participated in a healthy eating and physical activity …

Does Context Matter? A Multilevel Analysis Of Neighborhood Disadvantage And Children's Sleep Health, Carlyn Graham, Eric Reither, Gabriele Ciciurkaite, Dipti Dev, Jamison Fargo

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Objectives: To determine how demographic, socioeconomic, and neighborhood characteristics are associated with bedtimes among US kindergarteners.

Design: Parents reported bedtimes of their children as well as personal, household, and residential characteristics via interviews in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K) Class of 1998–1999. The ECLS-K links individual households to US Census tracts.

Setting: A random selection of 1,280 schools and surrounding communities in the US.

Participants: A random selection of 16,936 kindergarteners and their parents.

Measurements: The 2 outcomes were regular and latest weekday bedtimes of kindergarteners. Through a series of nested multilevel regression models, these outcomes were regressed on …

The Role Of Notch1, Il-6 And Mir-146a In Inflammation And Infection In Crohn's Disease Non-Responders To Anti-Tnf-Alpha Therapy, Esra'a Keewan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Despite the extensive research on Notch signaling involvement in inflammation, its role in macrophage response in autoimmune diseases and defense mechanisms against bacterial infection such as Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the molecular role of Notch-1 signaling and its downstream modulation in the macrophage response during infection and disease treatment. We demonstrated that MAP infection significantly upregulated Notch-1 and IL-6, which hijacked myeloid cell leukemia sequence-1 (MCL)-1 dependent inhibition of apoptosis and caused chronic MAP persistence and significantly led to successive inflammation. Blocking Notch signaling with gamma-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) decreased MAP survival and burden, …

Self-Assessment And Peer Assessment In Accounting Education: Students And Lecturers Perceptions, Anil Babu, Yasser Barghathi

All Works

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of self assessment (SA) and peer assessment (PA) in accounting and finance (A&F) education by gathering insights from students and professors in the same field of higher education. A qualitative approach was taken to gather insights, students were asked to perform SA and PA to do an online questionnaire to understand their perception about the same. The professors were interviewed to analyse their perception about SA and PA. Previous studies have suggested that the accounting graduates lack certain skills that are required by the employers and this has led to …

Qualitative Systematic Review Of The Acceptability, Feasibility, Barriers, Facilitators And Perceived Utility Of Using Physical Activity In The Reduction Of And Abstinence From Alcohol And Other Drug Use, J. Horrell, T. P. Thompson, A. H. Taylor, J. Neale, K. Husk, A. Wanner, S. Creanor, Y. Wei, R. Kandiyali, J. Sinclair, M. Nasser, G. Wallace

More Faculty of Health Research

Given the growing global increase in harm from alcohol and substance use, and the inadequacy of standard treatment to tackle the challenge, the use of physical activity (PA) interventions has received increased attention. The aim of this review is to identify common and cross cutting themes relating to how and why physical activity may impact on reduction of/abstinence from alcohol and other drug use to support future intervention design (including aspects of physical activity, barriers and facilitators, and elements of support which may have an impact). Twenty papers including qualitative data were included in the synthesis. A deductive coding framework …

Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Anaesthesia Trainees And Their Training, John R. Sneyd, Sophie E. Mathoulin, Ellen P. O'Sullivan, Vincent C. So, Fiona R. Roberts, Aaron A. Paul, Luis I. Cortinez, Russell S. Ampofo, Caitlynn J. Miller, Maxine A. Balkisson

More Faculty of Health Research

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] has dislocated clinical services and postgraduate training. To better understand and to document these impacts, we contacted anaesthesia trainees and trainers across six continents and collated their experiences during the pandemic. All aspects of training programmes have been affected. Trainees report that reduced caseload, sub-specialty experience, and supervised procedures are impairing learning. Cancelled educational activities, postponed examinations, and altered rotations threaten progression through training. Job prospects and international opportunities are downgraded. Work-related anxieties about provision of personal protective equipment, and risks to self and to colleagues are superimposed on …

The Value Of Anaesthesiologists In The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Model For Our Future Practice?, Wilton A. Van Klei, Markus W. Hollmann, J. Robert Sneyd

More Faculty of Health Research

No abstract provided.

Rethinking The Role Of Business School In Creating Corporate Managers, Khurram Parvez Raja, Muhammad Anowar Zahid

All Works

Distinguished from the traditional forms of business, namely proprietorship and partnership, a corporation emerged as a new type of business organization in the middle of the nineteenth century in American society, which accepted it only on the understanding that the corporate managers should be professionally well trained and socially beneficial (Khurana, 2010). In order to prepare these new professionals, the business schools came into being in America and elsewhere (Khurana, 2010). However, corporate scandals and financial crises of the late 20th and early 21st centuries posed a valid question about the originally expected role of corporate managers and, in turn, …

Risk Factors Associated With Initiation Of Breastfeeding Among Mothers With Low Birth Weight Babies: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study In Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Zainab Taha, Ahmed Ali Hassan, Ludmilla Wikkeling-Scott, Dimitrios Papandreou

All Works

© 2020 Zainab Taha, Ahmed Ali Hassan, Ludmilla Wikkeling-Scott, Dimitrios Papandreou. BACKGROUND: Early initiation of breastfeeding is important for good lactation outcomes and has long been recommended by the World Health Organization. Recommendations are based on research showing that breastfeeding saves children’s lives, particularly among vulnerable populations such as low birth weight (LBW) neonates. In spite of a consistent rise in LBW deliveries, and in spite of the importance of breastfeeding for the survival of LBW neonates, a dearth of research exists regarding early initiation of breastfeeding for this population. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the …

Services Resumption Marketing Plan The Aga Khan University Hospital Strategy To Support Service Lines, Aga Khan University Hospital

COVID-19 Archive Project

• Key Challenges - 2020
• MARKET Insights, August 2020
• Goals And Objectives
• MarCom – Restoration of Services Q3-Q4 2020
• Key Messages: In-person Clinics and Services
• MARKETING Campaign STREAMS SIMPLE, CONSISTENT, CONCISE
• MARKETING CHANNELS (full mix, 3600 campaign)
• Target Audience
• Channels for Promotion
• Key Initiatives - 2020
• Key Achievements - 2020
• Strategic Marketing – Shift In Strategies
• Hospital Services Resumption – Impact on Occupancy
• Hospital Services Resumption – Summary

Applications Of Bi-Framelet Systems For Solving Fractional Order Differential Equations, Mutaz Mohammad, Carlo Cattani

All Works

© 2020 CSIRO Framelets and their attractive features in many disciplines have attracted a great interest in the recent years. This paper intends to show the advantages of using bi-framelet systems in the context of numerical fractional differential equations (FDEs). We present a computational method based on the quasi-affine bi-framelets with high vanishing moments constructed using the generalized (mixed) oblique extension principle. We use this system for solving some types of FDEs by solving a series of important examples of FDEs related to many mathematical applications. The quasi-affine bi-framelet-based methods for numerical FDEs show the advantages of using sparse matrices …

Precision Request For Noncompliance In Students With Emotional/Behavioral Disorders: Examination Of The Interventionist, Collette Merrill

Theses and Dissertations

Noncompliance in students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (EBD) can contribute to difficulty with peer and teacher relationships and may result in reduced time for academic instruction. The Precision Request, an intervention which uses alpha commands, verbal praise, and reductive consequences, has been shown to increase compliance in students with EBD, but no studies have accounted for which component is responsible for the change. This study used an ABCDAX add-in component analysis to determine which component of the Precision Request produced the most effect on behavioral compliance in five sixth-grade elementary students with EBD. Data were collected on percent of student compliance, …

Nambe Pueblo Tribal Court Handbook (2020), Tribal Law Journal Staff

Tribal Law Journal

This handbook helps take some of the mystery out of practicing in tribal courts. Without the necessary information to learn new rules and protocols many attorneys are understandably reluctant to practice in a new jurisdiction. As a result, tribal courts are underused or misused. This handbook is intended to help attorneys and advocates become more aware of the various individual tribal court systems and to learn their rules and protocol.

Santa Ana Pueblo Tribal Court Handbook (2020), Tribal Law Journal Staff

Tribal Law Journal

This handbook helps take some of the mystery out of practicing in tribal courts. Without the necessary information to learn new rules and protocols many attorneys are understandably reluctant to practice in a new jurisdiction. As a result, tribal courts are underused or misused. This handbook is intended to help attorneys and advocates become more aware of the various individual tribal court systems and to learn their rules and protocol.

Use Of The Progestin Challenge Test In Diagnosing Amenorrhea: The Time Has Come To Say Goodbye., William D. Schlaff, Charles C. Coddington

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Athletic Identity, Greg Camillone

Research Papers

Limited data exists in college athletics about mental health conditions, while physical health remains the higher priority. In order to contribute to the limited understanding of student-athletes’ cognitive behavior, a documentary on collegiate student-athletes is produced, utilizing athletic identity as its main theme. Furthermore, the documentary shares personal experiences of how athletes have handled the transition from athletic role to an alternate identity, and how that change effected them mentally.

The purpose of this study is to present evidence from a Division I athletic program to contribute towards answering the following questions:

1. Are collegiate student-athletes struggling mentally with life after …

Identifying Suicidality Correlates Among People Incarcerated In Jail, Frances Abderhalden

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The rate of suicidality in jail is estimated to be eight times greater than that of the general population, yet the identification of risk factors for suicidality among people incarcerated in jail has not been explored by researchers (Fazel, Grann, Kling & Hawton, 2011; Hayes, 1999; Noonan & Ginder, 2013). To date, the breadth of the literature on suicidology almost exclusively deals with the prison population or general public, and official data of completed suicides. However, when analyzing suicidality in jail and prison populations, it is evident they are not interchangeable and suicidal behaviors include more than just completed suicides. …

Mechanotransduction Of Leukocyte Transmigration, Cynthia Aguilar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The endothelium is among the most mechanically enriched environments in the body. It is exposed to a range of hemodynamic-induced and extracellular forces. Of these extracellular forces, the migration of leukocytes through the endothelium will contribute both to classic immune response and development of certain pathologies. While the path of migration across the endothelium will depend on leukocyte and vascular bed type, recent evidence has suggested that the intercellular mechanical microenvironment and forces are also equally as important to this process. Therefore, we present here a model that mimics specific physiological states of a stagnant hemodynamic flow in which we …

Analyzing And Detecting Internet Of Things Malware Using Residual Static Graph- And String-Based Artifacts, Hisham Alasmary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become wider and adopted many features from social networks and mainly uses sensing devices technologies, causing a rapid increase in production and adoption. However, security and privacy are serious threats that users usually take precautions to protect their devices and information. Thus, understanding the security shortcomings at first stage will educate IoT users to protect their connected things. Understanding IoT software through analysis, comparison (with other types of malware), and detection (from benign IoT) is an essential problem to mitigate security threats. We focus on two central perspectives, the graph and string representations …