Digital Commons Network^™

A New Paraprobiotic-Based Treatment For Control Of Haemonchus Contortus In Sheep, John Sanders, Yue Xie, David Gazzola, Hanchen Li, Ambily Abraham, Kelly Flanagan, Florentina Rus, Melanie Miller, Yan Hu, Sierra Guynn, Austin Draper, Sridhar Vakalapudi, Katherine Petersson, Dante Zarlenga, Robert W. Li, Joseph F. Urban Jr., Gary R. Ostroff, Anne Zajac, Raffi V. Aroian

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

Haemonchus contortus is a critical parasite of goats and sheep. Infection by this blood-feeding gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasite has significant health consequences, especially in lambs and kids. The parasite has developed resistance to virtually all known classes of small molecule anthelmintics used to treat it, giving rise in some areas to multidrug resistant parasites that are very difficult to control. Thus, new anthelmintics are urgently needed. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal protein 5B (Cry5B), a naturally occurring protein made by a bacterium widely and safely used around the world as a bioinsecticide, represents a new non-small molecule modality for treating GINs. …

Evaluation Of An Intervention To Maintain Therapeutic Pressure Of The Endotracheal Tube Cuff During Intraoperative Surgery, Jamare Reed

Doctoral Projects

The current practice of intraoperatively assessing the cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube (ETT) is arbitrary and potentially leads to negative impacts on patients. This best practice project aimed to review and synthesize the existing evidence-based literature on measuring ETT cuff pressure and to establish a policy guideline for anesthesia providers to measure ETT cuff pressure in the intraoperative environment. Based on the star model of the knowledge transformation framework model provided by the Academic Center for Evidence-Based Practice (ACE), the creation of evidence-based policy on ETT cuff measurement is expected to potentially prevent poor patient outcomes, patient expenses, and …

Washington's One-Size-Fits-All Unemployment Compensation Eligibility In Cases Of Voluntary Separation, Julia Fleming

Washington Law Review Online

Washington State’s Employment Security Act allows individuals who voluntarily left their jobs to be eligible for unemployment benefits if they quit their position with “good cause.” In structuring this Act, the state’s legislature has confined the definition of good cause to a one-size-fits-all list consisting of eleven circumstances. Consequently, if a situation arises that forces an individual to quit their job, yet does not fall into one of those eleven outlined circumstances, the Employment Security Department will disqualify the individual from receiving unemployment benefits. In comparison with other states’ unemployment laws, Washington’s system is quite limited, allowing no discretion under …

Enhanced Gamma Band Mutual Information Is Associated With Impaired Consciousness During Temporal Lobe Seizures, Puneet Dheer, Sandipan Pati, Kalyan Kumar Chowdhury, Kaushik Kumar Majumdar

Journal Articles

Background: Epileptic seizures are characterized by aberrant synchronization. We hypothesized that higher synchronization across the seizure onset zone (SOZ) channels during a temporal lobe seizure contributes to impaired consciousness. New method: All symmetric bivariate synchronization measures were extended to multivariate measure by a principal component analysis (PCA) based technique. A novel nonparametric method has been proposed to test the statistical significance between increased synchronization across the seizure onset zone (SOZ) channels and reduced consciousness. Results: Increased synchronization in the gamma band towards seizure termination significantly contributes to impaired consciousness (p < 0.1). Synchronization reaches its peak in the extratemporal region (frontal lobe) ahead of the temporal region (p < 0.05). Synchronization is prominent in beta and gamma bands by most methods and it is more in the second half of seizure duration than in the first (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Mutual information is the only synchronization measure out of the six that we studied, whose increase can be associated with the loss of consciousness in a statistically significant way.

Gait And Balance Disturbances Are Common In Young Urbanites And Associated With Cognitive Impairment. Air Pollution And The Historical Development Of Alzheimer's Disease In The Young, Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas, Ana Karen Torres-Solorio, Randy J. Kulesza, Ricardo Torres-Jardón, Luis Oscar González-González, Berenice García-Arreola, Diana A. Chávez-Franco, Samuel C. Luévano-Castro, Ariatna Hernández-Castillo, Esperanza Carlos-Hernández, Edelmira Solorio-López, Celia Nohemí Crespo-Cortés, Edgar García-Rojas, Partha S. Mukherjee, Martha Morales-Aguirre

Journal Articles

To determine whether gait and balance dysfunction are present in young urbanites exposed to fine particular matter PM2.5 ≥ annual USEPA standard, we tested gait and balance with Tinetti and Berg tests in 575 clinically healthy subjects, age 21.0 ± 5.7 y who were residents in Metropolitan Mexico City, Villahermosa and Reynosa. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was also applied to an independent cohort n:76, age 23.3 ± 9.1 y. In the 575 cohort, 75.4% and 34.4% had abnormal total Tinetti and Berg scores and high risk of falls in 17.2% and 5.7% respectively. BMI impacted negatively Tinetti and Berg performance. …

Birth Interval And Childhood Undernutrition: Evidence From A Large Scale Survey In India, Holendro Singh Chungkham, Harihar Sahoo, Strong P. Marbaniang

Journal Articles

Background: The study of birth interval is important for maternal and child health. The long birth interval is favorable for maternal, child health, and nutritional outcomes. The present study is an attempt to explore the relationship between birth intervals and poor nutritional condition of children under five years of age in India. Methods: The unit of analysis is children under five years of age in India. The data come from the fourth round of Indian National Family Health Survey, 2015–2016. Bivariate and logistic regression model were used to explore the relationship between birth intervals and the poor nutritional status of …

Never Mistake Law For Justice: Releasing Indigent Defendants From Legal Purgatory, R.K. Brinkmann

Washington Law Review

Washington courts impose two mandatory legal financial obligations (LFOs) on almost anyone who pleads guilty to or is convicted of a crime: a $100 DNA sample fee and a crime victim penalty assessment of $250 for misdemeanors and $500 for felonies. These fines run afoul of the Social Security Act, which bars attachment of Social Security benefits to pay debts, including LFOs. As a result, defendants whose sole source of income is Social Security benefits are not obligated to pay their mandatory LFOs. But such defendants cannot obtain certificates of discharge to clear their conviction records and thus complete their …

Understanding Provider And Parent Experiences In Caring For Hospitalized Young Children: Summary Findings From A Formative Study In Kenya, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

Although young children are unable to articulate their own experiences, their experiences can be studied by collecting responses from parents of hospitalized newborns and young children (0–24 months). It is also critical to understand the role of health providers, including their communication and behaviors with parents and families caring for hospitalized young children. This formative study of the manifestation of mistreatment of newborns, infants, and young children (0–24 months) led to co-design (with families and providers) of a set of interventions that promote a positive experience of care. The study was conducted in five hospitals in Kenya: Pumwani Maternity Hospital, …

Investir Dans Le Changement Social Et Comportemental Est Rentable Pour Augmenter L'Utilisation De La Contraception Moderne Au Niger, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

The Breakthrough RESEARCH Business Case modeled social and behavior change (SBC) cost-effectiveness in Niger utilizing two investment scenarios to assess the impact of SBC programming on modern contraceptive use: The national plan scenario was based on planned investments documented "Family Planning in Niger: 2012–2020 Action Plan" and "2018 Operational Plan," with the national plan indicating a cumulative five-year investment of approximately $5.5 million dollars in SBC for FP, and a double investment scenario examined the effects of doubling Niger's national plan total investment to $11.1 million with the increased investments targeting community awareness activities and group interpersonal communication (IPC) for …

Investing In Social And Behavior Change Is Cost-Effective For Increasing Modern Contraceptive Use In Togo, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

The Breakthrough RESEARCH Business Case modeled social and behavior change (SBC) cost-effectiveness in Togo utilizing two investment scenarios to assess the impact of SBC programming on modern contraceptive use: The national plan scenario was based on planned investments documented in Togo’s "Plan d’Action National Budgetise de Plantification Familiale 2017-2022," which indicated a cumulative five-year investment of approximately $3.6 million dollars in SBC for FP, and a double investment scenario examined the effects of doubling the Togo national plan total to $7.4 million with increased investments for community awareness activities and SBC packages for youth that included group interpersonal communication (IPC).

Investir Dans Le Changement Social Et Comportemental Est Rentable Pour Augmenter L'Utilisation De La Contraception Moderne Au Togo, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

The Breakthrough RESEARCH Business Case modeled social and behavior change (SBC) cost-effectiveness in Togo utilizing two investment scenarios to assess the impact of SBC programming on modern contraceptive use: The national plan scenario was based on planned investments documented in Togo’s "Plan d’Action National Budgetise de Plantification Familiale 2017-2022," which indicated a cumulative five-year investment of approximately $3.6 million dollars in SBC for FP, and a double investment scenario examined the effects of doubling the Togo national plan total to $7.4 million with increased investments for community awareness activities and SBC packages for youth that included group interpersonal communication (IPC).

Innovating And Validating Measures Of Complex Concepts, Evidence Project

Reproductive Health

Over the past several decades, a number of measures have been developed to assess complex concepts including quality of care (QoC) for family planning (FP) services, anticipated stigma, and gender and power. These measures may predict uptake of health services, contraceptive continuation, and other health-seeking behaviors. Use of these measures may be limited because they are often lengthy and have not undergone extensive assessments for reliability and validity. This brief provides an overview of the Evidence Project's validation of existing measures of QoC for FP and development of a new, shorter measure of QoC; design and validation of a measure …

Expanding Access And Method Choice: Evidence Of Client Self-Administration Of Injectables And Private Sector Provision Of Family Planning Services In Three West African Countries, Evidence Project

Reproductive Health

Governments across West Africa have expressed their commitment to increasing access to voluntary family planning (FP) through global and regional initiatives such as FP2020 and the Ouagadougou Partnership, and through targeted national strategies. Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal, among other countries, have been exploring new strategies to expand access to voluntary FP service delivery. Context-specific evidence was needed for two promising strategies—1) task sharing of FP services to private sector drug shops and pharmacies, and 2) introducing self-injection of subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC). The Evidence Project collaborated with stakeholders in Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal to use implementation science (IS) to …

National Guidelines For School Re-Entry In Early Learning And Basic Education, Ministry Of Education

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Education, Kenya, developed these guidelines in collaboration with UNESCO, UNFPA, the Population Council, and the Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights Alliance. The guidelines provide a framework to enhance reentry for learners who drop out of school, including those with special needs and disabilities, to improve retention, transition, and completion rates at all levels of basic education. They provide an opportunity for all learners to progress and access quality education in basic education institutions. The guidelines are also a prevention and response resource for addressing school dropout for various reasons. Chapter one reviews the background, rationale, legal, and …

Shughuli Za Unhcr Na Washirikiza Ulinzi Kwa Jamii Baina Ya Sekta Katika Maeneo Ya Masharik Na, Pembe Ya Afrika Na Maziwa Makuu, Charles Mballa, Josephine Ngebeh, Machtelt De Vriese, Katie Drew, Abigayil Parr, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

This compendium summarizes regional information on promising practices, emerging practices, and case studies that form part of the response of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and its partners to the needs of refugees, internally displaced persons, and host communities in the East and Horn of Africa and Great Lakes region. Documentation of these practices fosters south-south and global exchange, learning, and capacity-building, while inspiring UNHCR and its partner program developers and implementers with fresh ideas for resolving common challenges. The global COVID-19 pandemic makes this compendium even more critical at this time, as operations grapple with meeting …

Pratiques Du Hcr Et De Ses Partenaires En Matière De Protection Communautaire Dans Les Secteurs Dans La Région De L’Afrique De L’Est, De La Corne De L’Afrique Et Des Grands Lacs, Charles Mballa, Josephine Ngebeh, Machtelt De Vriese, Katie Drew, Abigayil Parr, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

Ce recueil résume les informations régionales sur les pratiques prometteuses, les pratiques émergentes et les études de cas qui font partie de la réponse du Haut Commissariat des Nations Unies pour les réfugiés (HCR) et de ses partenaires aux besoins des réfugiés, des personnes déplacées et des communautés d’accueil dans le Région de l’Est et de la Corne de l’Afrique et des Grands Lacs. La documentation de ces pratiques favorise les échanges, l’apprentissage et le renforcement des capacités sud–sud et mondial, tout en inspirant le HCR et ses partenaires aux développeurs et exécutants de programmes avec de nouvelles idées pour …

Nursing And Midwifery Links [December 2020 Issue], Secretariat At Johns Hopkins University School Of Nursing Global Network Of Who Collaborating Centers For Nursing And Midwifery

Nursing and Midwifery Links (LINKS)

As a historic year comes to a close, this edition of the Links Magazine will serve as a reflection of the incredible innovation and fortitude shown by our colleagues worldwide. For perhaps the first time in many, many years, 2020 was the year that humanity shared the experience of a common event of global proportions. Healthcare was placed front and center as the world watched from where they were sheltered in place. From varying cultures and perspectives, the nurses and midwives of the world were presented with a deadly challenge that came on quickly, and continues to plague many countries. …

The Effect Of Smoking On Cognition As Measured By Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (Catnab) And Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Plasma Levels, Mona H. Alsheikh, Rabia Latif, Sadaf Mumtaz

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To establish an association between cigarette smoking, cognition, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in healthy young adults. Methods: This was an ex post facto analytic cross-sectional study conducted between March and November 2018. Participants were 73 healthy males (31 smokers and 42 non-smokers), 17-33 years old. The cognitive function of the participants was assessed through the Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery (CANTAB). Blood samples were taken to measure the plasma levels of BDNF and the results were compared to identify the association between smoking related variables and cognitive test scores and plasma BDNF levels. A p -value …

The Prevalence Of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Medical Students At King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Maan A. Shukr

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) among King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia medical students and to determine the association of IGD with gender, age, academic achievement, amount of sleep, and accommodation. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between October 2019 and April 2020 on KSU medical students with a sample size of 281 medical students currently studying at KSU chosen by a stratified proportionate random sampling. The questionnaire contained the IGD short scale and questions eliciting demographic data. Results: The sample comprised of 228 responses. The prevalence of IGD was 8.8% (n=20), while 19.3% …

Herding History: Law And The Transformation Of Collective Subjectivities In The Dairyspheres Of Ukraine, Monica Eppinger

Journal of Food Law & Policy

In response to the limitations of socialism and capitalism in meeting basic needs, this article explores the alternative version of modernity offered in post-Soviet Ukraine and its agriculture. Tracing a century of fundamental transformations through the story of milk, it finds a history that troubles universalized framings of indigeneity and colonialism. This article argues that under socialism milk became a product of collectivized effort and a reservoir of household resilience; and then, with post-Soviet disintegration of some forms of collective life and emergence of others, that milk has come to delineate spheres of both collective action and individual striving. This …

Tacir Insight, Cost Savings Of Right To Shop Programs, Tennessee. Advisory Commission On Intergovernmental Relations.

TACIR Insight

No abstract provided.

Tdec 2020 Annual Report, Tennessee. Department Of Environment & Conservation.

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Rwu Law News: The Newsletter Of Roger Williams University School Of Law 12-2020, Barry Bridges, Michael M. Bowden, Nicole Dyszlewski, Louisa Fredey

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Pre-Transplant Marital Status And Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Outcomes., J Tay, S Beattie, C Bredeson, R Brazauskas, N He, Ibrahim A. Ahmed, M Aljurf, M Askar, Y Atsuta, S Badawy, A Barata, A M Beitinjaneh, N S Bhatt, D Buchbinder, J Cerny, S Ciurea, A D'Souza, J Dalal, N Farhadfar, C O Freytes, S Ganguly, U Gergis, S Gerull, H M Lazarus, T Hahn, S Hong, Y Inamoto, N Khera, T Kindwall-Keller, R T Kamble, J M Knight, Y N Koleva, A Kumar, J Kwok, H S Murthy, R F Olsson, M Angel Diaz-Perez, D Rizzieri, S Seo, S Chhabra, H Schoemans, H C Schouten, A Steinberg, K M Sullivan, J Szer, D Szwajcer, M L Ulrickson, L F Verdonck, B Wirk, W A Wood, J A Yared, W Saber

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: Evidence about the impact of marital status before hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct) on outcomes after hct is conflicting.

Methods: We identified patients 40 years of age and older within the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research registry who underwent hct between January 2008 and December 2015. Marital status before hct was declared as one of: married or living with a partner, single (never married), separated or divorced, and widowed. We performed a multivariable analysis to determine the association of marital status with outcomes after hct.

Results: We identified 10,226 allogeneic and 5714 autologous hct cases with, respectively, …

Treatment-Induced Neuropathy Of Diabetes In Youth: Case Series Of A Heterogeneous And Challenging Complication., Eirene G. Alexandrou, Sarah D. Corathers, Amit Lahoti, Jacob M. Redel, Siobhan Tellez, Nana-Hawa Yayah Jones, Ahlee Kim

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes (TIND) is a small fiber neuropathy precipitated by rapid correction of hyperglycemia. Literature on TIND in pediatric diabetes is scarce. We present 7 cases of TIND in children and young adults, increasing awareness of this condition in pediatric diabetes and broadening the scope of published knowledge.

Establishing A Multi-Institutional Quality And Patient Safety Consortium: Collaboration Across Affiliates In A Community-Based Medical School., Emily Hillman, Joann Paul, Maggie Neustadt, Mamta Reddy Md, David Wooldridge, Lawrence Dall, Betty Drees

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The landscape of health care delivery and medical education is evolving. Institutions must continually reassess priorities, strategies, and partnerships to align the knowledge and skills of the health care workforce with the delivery of quality, socially accountable, collaborative health care that meets the needs of diverse populations in communities. This article describes the development, implementation, and early outcomes of the University of Missouri-Kansas City's (UMKC) Health Care Quality and Patient Safety Consortium. Inspired by an actual patient safety event, the consortium aimed to improve patient outcomes by establishing quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) education and scholarship as foundational within …

Technology, Trust, And The Flow Of Quality Information: A Grounded Theory Study Of Decision-Making Among K-12 Education Leaders In New York State, Mary Melissa Greene

Education Doctoral

This qualitative study utilizing the grounded theory methodology examined the lived experiences of education leaders in New York State regarding decision-making in light of the extreme variability in the flow and quality of online information. Study findings indicated that the leaders’ strong desire to avoid misinformation, combined with the strong tendency to rely on social influence exerted within local and regional peer groups, ultimately limited the amount of interaction or reliance upon online sources for decision-making. Study participants indicated they relied heavily on trusted advisors and peer groups in the same geographic area for professional advice and as a decision-making …

The Leader’S Mind Matters: The Effect Of Mindful Leadership Development Programs On Leadership Effectiveness, Mindfulness, And Well-Being Among Global Manufacturing Leaders, Lisa M. Critchley Dr.

Education Doctoral

The purpose of this quasi-experimental quantitative study was to examine the effects of mindful leadership development programs and mindfulness practices on wellbeing, dispositional mindfulness, and leadership effectiveness among 102 global manufacturing leaders facing volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) business environments. Organizations worldwide report challenges to develop leaders to lead effectively and maintain well-being in VUCA environments. Evidence points to the benefits of mindfulness to reduce stress and anxiety, in addition to providing behavioral and cognitive improvements to support leadership effectiveness. Although a few global organizations are offering mindful leadership development programs, there is a gap between industry practices and …

The Role Emergency Medical Services Organizations Play In Preparing And Supporting Emergency Medical Technicians To Minimize The Effects Of Peritraumatic Dissociation, Stephen Knapp

Education Doctoral

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological research study was to identify the role of emergency medical services (EMS) organizations in preparing and supporting emergency medical technicians (EMTs) with the effects of peritraumatic dissociation (PD). Specifically, the aim was to gain insight into the shared phenomena of PD and the impact of occupational stress on EMTs and EMS managers, in a county in Central New York State, to identify, from the perspective of a total of eight practicing EMTs and EMS managers, the services, the employee benefits, and the activities that assist in destigmatizing and minimizing the effects of PD. …

Secondary Content Area Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Impact Of Teaching Explicit Reading Strategies On Reading Comprehension And Student Academic Performance, Sandra Dance Weaver

Education Doctoral

Many students are entering high school unable to read proficiently. Other students are graduating from high school with reading skills below proficiency and are unprepared to meet the literacy demands of college or the workplace. The negative outcomes for these students graduating from high school and entering society as young adults with reduced literacy skills include an increased dropout rate, affiliation with the criminal justice system, unemployment, and reduced income earning power. Federal and state education reforms and standards continue to be implemented in an effort to improve the literacy crisis and academic performance of students. Secondary content area teachers …