Digital Commons Network^™

Mitochondrial Priming Of Tumor Initiating Cells Involves Repression Of Mitochondrial Fission Activity Towards Redox Regulation Of The Cell Cycle Regulator Cyclin E, Brian Spurlock

All ETDs from UAB

Mitochondrial dynamics primarily refers to the opposing fission or fusion events between individual mitochondria, which maintains steady-state mitochondrial morphology in cells. Fission and fusion activities maintain the energetics of normal and neoplastic stem cells. We developed the novel approach mito-SinCe2 to study the bidirectional relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and energetics. Application of this method led to the hypothesis that mitochondria-dependent ovarian tumor initiating cells interconvert between 3 states with distinct mitochondrial energetics/dynamics relationships. Cells in one state, characterized by high mitochondrial ROS and low fission activity, appear to be primed for self-renewal by mitochondria. We call these cells mitochondria-primed stem …

Fp-20-23 Widowhood: Decades Of Change, 1940-2018, Lisa Carlson, Valerie J. Schweizer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Registered Nurse Staffing Ratio On Nursing Home Operating Margins And Quality Measure Star Ratings, Douglas R. Whitman

All ETDs from UAB

Today’s nursing homes are under immense pressure from government regulators to improve quality while the government simultaneously tightens reimbursement rates. These two forces squeeze operating margins. The question facing nursing home operators is how to improve quality without breaking the bank. This study looks at the association of more registered nurses (RN) with quality and margins in U.S. nursing homes. This research project fills literature gaps which previously found improved nursing home quality correlates with more RNs. However, prior studies used self-reported data and typically considered only two or three quality measures. This study uses recently released electronic payroll data …

Life-Space And Cognitive Function By Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Regards Study, Emiri Matsuda

All ETDs from UAB

Performance on mobility assessments has been extensively linked to processing speed and executive function among older adults. However, less is known about the relationship between cognitive function and functional mobility as part of day to day life. African American individuals are at higher risk of cardiovascular complications, functional mobility, and cognitive decline compared to Whites. In addition, cardiovas-cular disease risk factors and neuropathology have been linked to impairment in several domains of cognitive function, including processing speed. The current study examined the cross-sectional association between life-space and cognitive function, specifically performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), a measure …

Designing Interprofessional Education Curriculum To Maximize Collaborative Competency, Whitney Lucas Molitor, Allison Naber

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Interprofessional collaboration improves health outcomes through enhanced efficiency and communication among team members. Professional educational standards call for interprofessional education (IPE) to develop the collaborative competencies necessary for transition from didactic learning to clinical practice. Variability exists regarding methods of IPE implementation, so efficacy of curricula needs to be described in a manner which allows for replication and utilization of these methods with occupational therapy students. A pre/post design with convenience sampling of students from occupational therapy, physical therapy, and physician assistant programs was completed to determine the effectiveness of an IPE module and to discover if differences in IPE …

Learning Strategies And Academic Difficulty In Occupational And Physical Therapy Online Education, Evan M. Pucillo, Erica Kiernan, Mary P. Shotwell, Jackie Crossen-Sills

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

As occupational therapy (OT) and physical therapy (PT) programs expand across the United States to address a shortage in the health workforce there is a limited understanding of the relationship between learning strategies and academic success in these professions. The purpose of this study was to explore the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) in relation to hybrid-online clinical neuroscience course outcomes in OT and PT students. Thirty-four students (n=14 OT; n=20 PT) self-administered the LASSI during the spring of 2019. The scales of Information Processing (r = -0.43; p<0.01), Self-Testing (r = -0.36; p<0.05), and Test Strategies (r = 0.32; p<0.05) displayed modest statistically significant relationships to final neuroscience grade and cumulative professional grade point average (r = -0.43; p<0.01), (r = -0.30; p<0.05), (r = 0.29; p<0.05), respectively. Some scales of the LASSI appeared to be modestly related to academic difficulty in this sample, however scales were not significantly related to academic achievement. Students who scored highly on the LASSI scale of Test Strategies tended to have higher course performance compared to their peers. Students who rely on certain learning strategies may be at risk for academic difficulty in hybrid-online coursework. Those who scored highly on the LASSI scales of Information Processing and Self-testing tended to have lower course performance compared to their peers. The LASSI may provide OT and PT students a better understanding of learning and study strategies that are related to academic difficulty in online learning.

Correlation Between Simulation And Fieldwork Performance In Adult Physical Rehabilitation, Whitney Lucas Molitor, Ranelle Nissen

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between performance in simulation used as a learning method in an adult physical rehabilitation and Level II fieldwork. A retrospective cohort research design was utilized to analyze data gathered from occupational therapy student cohorts between 2011-2017 enrolled in an entry-level Masters (MS) and Doctor of Occupational Therapy (OTD) program located in the Midwest United States. Course performance on skills checks, which utilized simulation methods, as well as final exam and course grades were analyzed and compared to performance scores on the FWPE. The overall course exam performance is the strongest …

Work Adjustment And Family Caregiver Engagement In The Healthcare Transaction, Cynthia Uecker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Unpaid family caregivers in the U.S. now exceed 40 million people, and the question of how to effectively support the family caregiver is now decades old. Healthcare’s dominant perspective is reasonable because healthcare sees the family caregiver in the healthcare transaction. The research consistently reports caregivers cite lack of information and training as a primary reason for feeling the healthcare provider is non-supportive. This qualitative phenomenological study employed semi-structured interviews to explore whether non-supportive might represent a disconnect between caregiver and the healthcare provider purposes with respect to the caregiver role. The theory of work adjustment provides context for considering …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2020), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the SDSU Extension 2019 Annual Report

[Page] 2-3 South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Ribbon Cutting Ceremony
[Page] 4 SDSU Extension
[Page] 4 From the Director of Extension Karla Trautman
[Page] 5 2019 USDA Risk Management Agency Crop Indemnities
[Page] 6-8 SDSU Extension Responds to Mother Nature in 2019
[Page] 9 Successful Energize! Conference Buoys Community Efforts in Lemmon & Beyond
[Page] 10-11 Helping Loved Ones Transition Smoothly
[Page] 12 AmeriCorps VISTA Members Expand Extension Programming
[Page] 13 South Dakota Wellness Coalitions Make Big Impacts in Small Communities [Page] 14-16 Extension Programs in Our Own …

Ethical Perceptions Towards Real-World Use Of Companion Robots With Older People And People With Dementia: Survey Opinions Among Younger Adults, Hannah L. Bradwell, Rhona Winnington, Serge Thill, Ray B. Jones

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background: Use of companion robots may reduce older people’s depression, loneliness and agitation. This benefit has to be contrasted against possible ethical concerns raised by philosophers in the field around issues such as deceit, infantilisation, reduced human contact and accountability. Research directly assessing prevalence of such concerns among relevant stakeholders, however, remains limited, even though their views clearly have relevance in the debate. For example, any discrepancies between ethicists and stakeholders might in itself be a relevant ethical consideration while concerns perceived by stakeholders might identify immediate barriers to successful implementation. Methods: We surveyed 67 younger adults after they had …

Repeatability Of Plantar Pressure Assessment During Barefoot Walking In People With Stroke, A. Rogers, S. C. Morrison, T. Gorst, J. Paton, J. Freeman, J. Marsden, M. C. Cramp

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Structure And Demographic Correlates Of Individual Trait Responses To Emotions, Anita Adams

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

From a functionalist perspective, emotions inform people of their needs and influence responses to the environment. Responses to emotion encompass more than emotion regulation strategies. Individual differences emerge from the consistent way that people cope with their emotions, called trait responses to emotion (TRE). We hypothesized approach/avoidance and control/dyscontrol would characterize the dimensional structure of TRE and that dimensions would correlate with age, gender, and early life experiences. The present study developed a multidimensional model to explore TRE from a TurkPrime sample (N = 284). Participants completed a web-based battery of surveys with demographic, early life experience, and TRE questionnaires. …

The Well-Being Of Carers Of Older Aboriginal People Living In The Kimberley Region Of Remote Western Australia: Empowerment, Depression, And Carer Burden, Dina Logiudice, Cathryn M. Josif, Roslyn Malay, Zoe Hyde, Melissa Haswell, Melissa A. Lindeman, Christopher Etherton-Beer, David Atkinson, Dawn Bessarab, Leon Flicker, Kate Smith

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To describe demographic features and well-being of carers of Aboriginal Australians aged ≥45 years in remote Western Australia.

Method: Carer burden, empowerment, and depression were assessed in 124 Aboriginal carers in four remote Aboriginal communities.

Results: Carers were aged 38.8 ± 15.0 years, 73.4% were female, and 75.8% were children or grandchildren of the person cared for. The mean Zarit-6 score was 3.7 ± 3.6. Attending high school (odds ratio [OR] = 0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.1, 0.7]) and feeling empowered (OR = 0.2; 95% CI = [0.1, 0.8]) were inversely associated with carer burden; female carers …

Exploring Enablers And Barriers To Accessing Health Services After A Fall Among People With Intellectual Disability, Portia Ho, Caroline Bulsara, Shane Patman, Jenny Downs, Anne-Marie Hill

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Adults with intellectual disability experience high rates of falls making falls prevention an important health need. The purpose of the study was to seek perspectives of older adults with intellectual disability and their caregivers to (a) explore the experiences of older adults with intellectual disability when seeking healthcare services after a fall and (b) identify enablers and barriers when taking up evidence-based falls recommendations.

Method: A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken as part of a prospective observational cohort study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample. Data were analysed thematically using Colaizzi's method.

Results: Seventeen interviews were conducted …

Older Persons’ And Their Caregivers’ Perspectives And Experiences Of Research Participation With Impaired Decision-Making Capacity: A Scoping Review, Annmarie Hosie, Slavica Kochovska, Nola Ries, Imelda Gilmore, Deborah Parker, Craig Sinclair, Caitlin Sheehan, Aileen Collier, Gideon A. Caplan, Mandy Visser, Xiaoyue Xu, Elizabeth Lobb, Linda Sheahan, Linda Brown, Wai Lee, Christine R. Sanderson, Ingrid Amgarth-Duff, Anna Green, Layla Edwards, Meera R. Agar

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Background and Objectives: Human research ethics statements support equitable inclusion of diverse groups. Yet older people are under-represented in clinical research, especially those with impaired decision-making capacity. The aim of this study was to identify perspectives and experiences of older persons and their caregivers of research participation with impaired decision-making capacity.

Research Design and Methods: Scoping review of literature and online sources in January-February 2019 (updated June 2020) according to Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. English-language peer-reviewed research articles and Australian online narratives were included. Data were tabulated and narratively synthesized.

Results: From 4171 database …

Interpreting Health Events In Big Data Using Qualitative Traditions, Roschelle L. Fritz, Gordana Dermody

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© The Author(s) 2020. The training of artificial intelligence requires integrating real-world context and mathematical computations. To achieve efficacious smart health artificial intelligence, contextual clinical knowledge serving as ground truth is required. Qualitative methods are well-suited to lend consistent and valid ground truth. In this methods article, we illustrate the use of qualitative descriptive methods for providing ground truth when training an intelligent agent to detect Restless Leg Syndrome. We show how one interdisciplinary, inter-methodological research team used both sensor-based data and the participant’s description of their experience with an episode of Restless Leg Syndrome for training the intelligent agent. …

Planned Retirement Age In Thai People In Aging Society, Borinya Thongmanee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In the context of the aging society with the increase of life expectancy and low fertility in Thailand, there are over 30 per cent of the young-old population in Thailand who require to work even after they passed the retirement age in Thailand (NSO, 2018). Since Thailand has already entered an aging society and the effect on the aging society will impact the retirement age in Thailand, this study’s objective is to find the relationship whether if there is a relationship between the planned retirement age and the aging society awareness which it is found that there is no relationship …

An International Fieldwork Placement: A Mixed Methods Study, Dianna Lunsford, Kristin A. Valdes

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an international fieldwork placement on occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) students’ cultural competence, community engagement, and ethical leadership. This study used a mixed methods approach. The Public Affairs Scale (PAS) was used to gather pre and post placement data on cultural competence, community engagement, and ethical leadership. Qualitative data was themed from a reflection paper along with researcher field notes from a fieldwork placement to Ibarra, Ecuador. Eleven OTD students participated in the study. The study demonstrated a convergence of the data in the area of cultural competence and responsiveness. …

Comparison Of The Accuracy To Predict Falls Of The Figure Of 8 Walk Test With And Without Dual-Task In Older Adults, Tidarat Nualyong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The figure of eight walk test (F8W) is a measurement tool that examines the ability to walk on a curved path. Adding secondary tasks to the F8W test may increase its ability to predict falls in older adults. This research aimed 1.) to examine the accuracy of the F8W test and the F8W test with dual-tasking for predicting future falls in older adults; 2.) to investigate the reliability and the concurrent validity of the F8W test with and without dual-task in older adults. Methods: Eighty older adults between the ages of 60 and 80 were recruited. At the beginning …

Vaginal Atrophy Treatment Using Microablative Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser: A Randomized Patient And Evaluator-Blinded Sham-Controlled Trial, Purim Ruanphoo

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Introduction: In recent years, microablative fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser becomes popular in treatment of vaginal symptoms including vaginal atrophy. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy of vaginal CO2 laser in treatment of vaginal atrophy, compared to the sham procedure. Methods: Between June 2016 and May 2017, postmenopausal women with moderate to severe intensity of any symptoms of vaginal atrophy were invited to the study. A total of 88 women were randomized for treatment with vaginal CO2 laser or sham procedure every 4 weeks for 3 sessions. The participants were blinded to the intervention they received. The operator was also …

Factors Associated With Retirement Preparation Among Formalworkers In Near Retirement Age: A Cross-Sectional Study, Nuttapat Kulabut

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In the past few decades, the fast-growing life expectancy has raised concern over retirement issues worldwide, including in Thailand. While insufficient preparation for retirement has been known to link with negative impacts on both physical and mental health of retirees, there is still little research done on retirement preparation and planning among the Thai older person. Thus, the present study aims to determine the level of retirement preparation among formal workers at near retirement age in a public sector. This study was conducted in May-June 2021 via a 45-minute self-administered questionnaire with 226 participants aged 55-59 years old; participants were …

Retention Force And Wear Characteristic Of Ball And O-Ring Attachment In Chulalongkorn Mini-Implant Overdenture System., Thanakorn Thimkam

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate wear characteristics and retention force of the RetenDent mini-implant overdenture system (Chulalongkorn product) after the insertion-removal fatigue test. One-piece mini-implants attachment system for overdenture, Osstem MS denture® type implant (OSSTEM, Germany GmbH), and RetenDent mini-implant were tested. All samples were subjected to repeated insertion and removal fatigue cycles by the universal testing machine (E1000, INSTRON Instrument, England). Subjected fatigue cycles were 5500 with 1.00Hz frequency to mimic a 5-year insertion and removal three times per day. The retention force was measured by separating the O-ring from the abutment and recorded with …

Video Advance Directives: Growth And Benefits Of Audiovisual Recording, Thaddeus Mason Pope

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Do Peers Increase Older Adults' Participation In Strength Training? Pilot Randomized Trial, Elissa Burton, Karen Levit, Jim Codde, Keith D. Hill, Anne-Marie Hill

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Fewer than 20% of older adults participate in strength training (ST). Barriers to ST participation include not knowing where to go or not having someone to go with. To address these barriers, the authors provided older adults with a peer (older person already participating in ST) to support their engagement. The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to determine whether older adults who were provided with a peer when participating in ST were more likely to be participating in ST 4 weeks postintervention, compared with those receiving ST alone. Fifty-one ST participants were recruited; 40 completed the intervention …

Risk Indices That Predict In-Hospital Mortality Of Elderly Patients, Di̇lek Dülger, Özgür Albuz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Mortality in the elderly population tends to be higher than in all other age groups; the risk factors that predict mortality among those in this age cohort are not fully understood. This large-scale clinical study aimed to identify effective risk factors that predict mortality in the elderly population with a particular focus on age and hospitalization status. Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed outcomes from patients with clinical follow-up between July 2015 and January 2020 at 29 Mayıs State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Patient records with missing or ambiguous data were excluded. Age, sex, length of hospital stay, comorbidities, consultation …

Importance Of The National Early Warning Score (News) At The Time Of Discharge From The Intensive Care Unit, Ci̇hangi̇r Doğu, Güvenç Doğan, Selçuk Kayir, Özgür Yağan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Backround/aim: To identify, at an early stage of intensive care, patients who will require readmission to the intensive care unit (ICU) based on their National Early Warning Score (NEWS-d) at discharge.Materials and methods: Overall, 536 patients aged >18 years who stayed at a tertiary ICU for >24 h were included. Patients who readmitted and not readmitted to the intensive care within 48 h after discharge were compared.Results: Mean patient age was 64.26 ± 18.50 years and 252 (44.7%) patients were male. Mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score was 21.86 ± 8.74; mean NEWS-d was 4.48 …

Coenzyme Q10, Zinc And Mda Levels In Verruca Vulgaris, Selma Korkmaz, Fevzi̇ye Burcu Şi̇ri̇n, İjlal Erturan, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Büyükbayram, Mehmet Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Verruca vulgaris is a benign disease characterized with papillomas on the skin and mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of coenzyme Q10, MDA, and zinc as well as the lipid profile of verruca vulgaris patients and examine the relationship between these parameters and clinical manifestations of the disease.Materials and methods: The study included 49 verruca vulgaris patients (mean age: 32.01 ± 14.20 years; 22 males, 27 females) and 40 healthy volunteers (mean age: 31.63 ± 8.98 years; 21 males and 19 females). Coenzyme Q10 levels were assessed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. …

Frequency Of Sarcopenia And Associated Outcomes In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Havva Demi̇rci̇oğlu, Fatma Gökşi̇n Ci̇han, Ruhuşen Kutlu, Şebnem Yosunkaya, Adi̇l Zamani̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 219 patients aged 50 years and over who were diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. The study included 196 (89.5%) male and 23 (10.5%) female patients. The mean age of the patients was 66.9 ± 10.1 years. To diagnose sarcopenia, muscle function was determined by a gait speed test. Muscle strength was assessed with a hand dynamometer and …

Is 48 H A Critical Cut-Off Point For Mortality In Geriatric Hip Fractures?, Ahmet Emre Paksoy, Keri̇m Öner, Ferdi̇ Polat, Serhat Durusoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In this study, our objective was to evaluate the mortality in geriatric hip fracture patients who were operated within 48 h after admission or after the 48th h. Materials and methods: A total of 194 patients who had undergone surgery for hip fracture between 2016 and 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Patient information was obtained from the hospital?s database using the ICD codes 81.52, 82.00?82.09, and 82.10. Radiological examination reports were collected from the patient files. Information on mortality was obtained from the Death Notification System of the Turkish Ministry of Health. First-year mortality rates of patients operated within 48 …

Effects Of Stage I Hypertension On The Recovery Of Early Postoperative Attention Network Function In Elderly Patients Undergoing Elective Hip Or Knee Arthroplasty Surgery, Dan Zhao, Jun Li, Rui Yang, Guanghong Xu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hypertension is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment. This study explored whether elderly patients with stage I hypertension (HPs) and normotensive patients (NPs) showed differences in the recovery of postoperative attention network function according to the attentional network test (ANT) performance.Materials and methods: Of 110 patients screened, 25 HPs and 25 NPs completed this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied to all participants before the operation and the ANT (on days 2 and 7) after the operation. All participants completed 1 day preoperatively and the ANT on postoperative days (PODs) 2 and 7.Results: Compared with NPs, …