Digital Commons Network^™

Progress In Activities Of Wds-China Data Centers, Juanle Wang, Kun Bu, Yanjie Wang, Yating Shao

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The World Data System (WDS) plays an important role in promoting global scientific data management, exchange, and sharing. There are 8 WDS data centers in mainland China including study areas of astronomy, space science, global change, renewable resources and environmental, cold and dry regions, microbiology, geophysics, and the ocean. This paper summarizes the current status of the WDS China data centers, along with their major progress in recent years. This progress includes a clearinghouse for metadata exchange, research data archival, historical data saving, international data exchange, data publishing models, CoreTrustSeal certification, open repositories for the scientific community, science popularization services, …

Audience Influence On The Composition, Revision And Interpolation Of Traditional Irish Ballad Narrative, Seán Ó Cadhla

Doctoral

The following thesis critically examines the essential thematic malleability of traditional Irish song narrative, with particular focus on the penetrative influence of the audience on both composer and performer alike. Such narrative fluidity is specifically examined within the context of works narrating attested historical events, output which could be reasonably assumed to adhere to factual and chronological consistency. The research concludes that the audience continuously exerts a powerful cultural influence on the performance space, and further demonstrates the considerable extremes that both composers and singers will routinely embrace in order to satisfy the constantly shifting demands of their audiences, even …

The Effect Of Neighborhood Social Environment On Prostate Cancer Development In Black And White Men At High Risk For Prostate Cancer, Shannon M Lynch, Elizabeth Handorf, Kristen A Sorice, Elizabeth Blackman, Lisa Bealin, Veda N. Giri, Elias Obeid, Camille Ragin, Mary Daly

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Neighborhood socioeconomic (nSES) factors have been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) disparities. In line with the Precision Medicine Initiative that suggests clinical and socioenvironmental factors can impact PCa outcomes, we determined whether nSES variables are associated with time to PCa diagnosis and could inform PCa clinical risk assessment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample included 358 high risk men (PCa family history and/or Black race), aged 35-69 years, enrolled in an early detection program. Patient variables were linked to 78 nSES variables (employment, income, etc.) from previous literature via geocoding. Patient-level models, including baseline age, prostate specific antigen (PSA), …

Deverne Calloway: “I Am A Teacher---I Will Teach”, Holly Hick

Dissertations

In 1962, DeVerne Calloway was the first Black woman elected to the Missouri General Assembly and the first Black woman elected to any public office in the state of Missouri. A political activist and educator by nature, a legislator by trade, DeVerne has decades of historically documented critical work within the intersections of race, gender, and class. Her work, though well documented, remains undertheorized. This study seeks to explore DeVerne’s life and work through Black feminist theory and Critical Race Theory’s tenets of intersectionality and interest convergence, ultimately tracing her actions as a public intellectual. Written as an educational biography, …

Antarctica And The Southern Ocean, Jessica Blunden, Derek S. Arndt, E. Povl Abrahamsen, Sandra Barreira, Cecilia M. Bitz, Amy Butler, Kyle R. Clem, Steve Colwell, Lawrence Coy, Jos De Laat, Marcel D. Du Plessis, Ryan L. Fogt, Helen Amanda Fricker, John Fyfe, Alex S. Gardner, Sarah T. Gille, Tessa Gorte, L. Gregor, Will Hobbs, Bryan Johnson, Eric Keenan, Linda M. Keller, Natalya A. Kramarova, Matthew A. Lazzara, Jan T.M. Lenaerts, Jan L. Lieser, Hongxing Liu, Craig S. Long, Michelle Maclennan, Robert A. Massom, François Massonnet, Matthew R. Mazloff

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Big Data Computing For Geospatial Applications, Zhenlong Li, Wenwu Tang, Qunying Huang, Eric Shook, Qingfeng Guan

Faculty Publications

The convergence of big data and geospatial computing has brought challenges and opportunities to GIScience with regards to geospatial data management, processing, analysis, modeling, and visualization. This special issue highlights recent advancements in integrating new computing approaches, spatial methods, and data management strategies to tackle geospatial big data challenges and meanwhile demonstrates the opportunities for using big data for geospatial applications. Crucial to the advancements highlighted here is the integration of computational thinking and spatial thinking and the transformation of abstract ideas and models to concrete data structures and algorithms. This editorial first introduces the background and motivation of this …

Covid-19, Antibiotics And One Health: A Uk Environmental Risk Assessment, Sean D.W. Comber, Mathew Upton, Shaun Lewin, Neil Powell, Thomas H. Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

There is growing interest in the role of secondary bacterial and fungal infections as a cause of increased morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients,1 with reports of up to 95% of COVID-19 inpatients being prescribed antibiotics.2 Concerns have been raised over the environmental implications of such a large-scale drug administration3 and statements made about the potential impacts of COVID-19-related antibiotic prescription on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and other toxicological effects on the environment.4 The UK National Strategy aims for a world in which AMR is effectively contained, controlled and mitigated by 2040.5 Taking a ‘One Health’ approach to effective stewardship in …

Integrative Species Delimitation And Taxonomic Status Of The Scorpion Genus Vaejovis Koch, 1836 (Vaejovidae) In The Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, Emma E. Jochim, Lillian-Lee M. Broussard, Brent E. Hendrixson

Euscorpius

Scorpions belonging to the Vaejovis vorhiesi species complex are widely distributed throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Most species are endemic to single mountain ranges but two species, Vaejovis deboerae Ayrey, 2009 and V. brysoni Ayrey & Webber, 2013, have been documented from the Santa Catalina Mountains in Arizona. We reevaluated the taxonomic diversity of these scorpions by integrating data from several different sources. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that scorpions in the Santa Catalina Mountains are monophyletic but comprise two divergent mitochondrial lineages that overlap at the type locality of V. deboerae. We failed to detect congruence between …

Curriculum Integration: Walking The Walk, Taylor A. Norman, Amanda Wall

Current Issues in Middle Level Education

Curriculum integration is a hallmark of middle level education. This approach to education involves blending topics across content areas as a way of studying topics and problems of interest to young adolescents. Approaches to curriculum integration and interdisciplinary curriculum overlap with concepts like democratic education, place-based learning, student agency, and student-designed curriculum. Here, two teacher educators report on a recent initiative in which we co-designed integrated curriculum along with middle level teacher candidates. We drew on place-based instruction and models of collaboration to develop this project. Candidates then developed integrated units appropriate for middle school classrooms.

Middle Level Faculty And Change, Robin Dever

Current Issues in Middle Level Education

There is no argument that the world of middle level education is constantly changing. Teacher education programs are always in flux adopting their programs to meet these needs. Faculty who teach within a middle level education teacher preparation program are at the front lines of preparing the next generation of middle school leaders. They are responsible for not only molding the next generation of middle level educators but also shaping the next generation of middle level education researchers and advocates. This requires constant changes to curriculum and organizational structures while finding new methods to meet state requirements. However, not all …

Re-Visiting The 'Resource Curse': Law And Mining Governance In Southern African Developmental States, Sara Ghebremusse

PhD Dissertations

Using the case studies of Botswana, South Africa, and Zambia, this dissertation interrogates the applicability of the developmental state paradigm to mining developmentalism in Southern Africa. Since the advent of neoliberal Washington Consensus policies and the rise of the resource curse theory beginning in the 1980s, African states have been discouraged from pursuing interventionist policies in their mining sectors. Instead, through the methods of conditionality and transnational norm-creation, many African states were pressured to adopt good governance principles that limited their role, and the role for law, in expanding opportunities for mining-led development across the region. As growing consensus challenged …

Scientific Challenges And Present Capabilities In Underwater Robotic Vehicle Design And Navigation For Oceanographic Exploration Under-Ice, Laughlin D. L. Barker, Michael V. Jakuba, Andrew D. Bowen, Christopher R. German, Ted Maksym, Larry A. Mayer, Antje Boetius, Pierre Dutrieux, Louis L. Whitcomb

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This paper reviews the scientific motivation and challenges, development, and use of underwater robotic vehicles designed for use in ice-covered waters, with special attention paid to the navigation systems employed for under-ice deployments. Scientific needs for routine access under fixed and moving ice by underwater robotic vehicles are reviewed in the contexts of geology and geophysics, biology, sea ice and climate, ice shelves, and seafloor mapping. The challenges of under-ice vehicle design and navigation are summarized. The paper reviews all known under-ice robotic vehicles and their associated navigation systems, categorizing them by vehicle type (tethered, untethered, hybrid, and glider) and …

The Need For Interdisciplinary Collaborations, Susan Ganter, Bill Haver

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

The challenge faced by developers of collegiate mathematics curricula is to determine—and then provide—the mathematical experiences that are true to the spirit of mathematics yet also relevant to students’ futures in other fields. The Curriculum Foundations Project (CF) of MAA/CRAFTY was designed to gather input from partner disciplines through a series of 22 two- to three-day workshops. Each workshop resulted in a report directed to the mathematics community, summarizing the workshop’s recommendations and conclusions. One message from the partner disciplines appeared again and again: introductory collegiate mathematics courses should focus on giving students an understanding of fundamental mathematical topics while …

Social Media Research And The Impact Of Graphic Design: A Case Study Examining An Indonesian Political Campaign., Fanny Marcellina Suhendra, Nicole Wragg, Carolyn Barnes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Outside imagery, graphic design is largely invisible to the research fields most interested in communication campaigns, seeing negligible research conducted from a design perspective. In an era of participatory culture, social media analytics offer new ways of quantifying audience engagement, but the blurring of the boundaries between producers, consumption and audiences through the phenomenon of ‘produsage’ offers richer, more contextualised insights into the impact of the designed aspects of campaigns. In examining Berakar Komunikasi’s campaign supporting the 2014 and 2019 election bids of Indonesia’s President Jokowi Widodo, our paper examines how qualitative social media research offers fine-grained insights into the …

A Pilot Study Used To Better Construct A Research Direction To Understand Where Industrial Design Fits Within The 4th Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), Christoph Heinrich Walter Koch, Blair Kuys, Gianni Renda

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The industrial design profession is engaging with a new manufacturing revolution — Industry4.0 (I4.0). This new paradigm presents new opportunities and challenges for industrial designers. However, it is still unclear what knowledge industrial designers can contribute to manufacturers in an emerging I4.0 context. This pilot study serves to determine the current state of practice of industrial design, and to discover areas of improvement as well as strengths to build on. Most importantly, this study functions as the first step to better qualify questions for a subsequent online questionnaire survey, in conjunction with findings from literature. A focus group was conducted …

Processes That Cause Invisibility For Women In Australian Graphic Design., Jane Connory

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic designers are generally invisible as the authors of their own work. A deliberate effort must be made in order for them to be seen and acknowledged. The collaborative nature of design, associations with clients, and the involvement of production teams further hinders an individual graphic designer’s visible authorship. However, gender also has a major influence on the invisibility of women in the history of this industry. Historically, the most celebrated practising graphic designers in Australia have been men, as evidenced by their overwhelming presence in books and on Hall of Fame platforms. My research has explored and addressed the …

Activity Scenario Modelling: An Emerging Method For Examining Human-Artefact Interaction, Miguel Montiel, Ricardo Sosa, Darryl Hocking

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Everyday activities are jointly shaped by people and artefacts. This points to the need for tools that designers can use to examine the joint agency of people and artefacts. This paper reports progress in developing Activity Scenario Modelling (ASM), a design approach that can be used for such purpose. ASM combines techniques of video analysis, discourse analysis and social network analysis. The paper provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of ASM and illustrates it by modelling an activity scenario from an online tutorial on tea-making. The paper also describes a research agenda to apply ASM in design for sustainability …

Mapping Interactive Experience Over Time, Chung-Ching Huang, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents a method to explore user experiences over time. The authors propose a structured procedure, using timelines and annotations to facilitate storytelling and data analysis in a user study. It captures participants’ storytelling of prolonged interactive experience. Through our research trial, we demonstrate the potentials to use the timeline’s visual representation for analytical purposes as well as creating accumulative knowledge. The novel contribution of this proposal is a complementary research method to many well-established longitudinal research approaches. The timeline annotations feature like a map on collecting information about people's prior interactive experience with technologies. It also supports a …

Coffee Farms As Design Labs: Manifesting Equity X Design Principles In Practice, Pedro Reynolds-Cuéllar, Rubez Chong Lu Ming

DRS Biennial Conference Series

New forms of co-design, as a mechanism for collaboration with historically marginalized communities, continue to emerge. From short academic experiences to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, these programs attempt to highlight the value and importance of co-design in reducing equity gaps, producing relevant outcomes, and broadening participation across stakeholders. In doing so, these initiatives run at risk of reproducing a variety of challenges related to power, ethics, and gender among others, therefore requiring continuous examination and experimentation to address such issues. In this paper, we analyze the implementation of an interdisciplinary course in design carried out at two coffee farms …

Multispecies Cohabitation And Future Design, Stanislav Roudavski

DRS Biennial Conference Series

How should humans live with animals and other forms of life? Could responses to this question improve the health and wellbeing of the biosphere? This paper argues that design researchers ought to engage nonhuman lifeforms as collaborators: informants and co-designers, or clients and users. Inspired by recent design challenges involving birds, bats and trees, this paper positions emancipatory multispecies cohabitation as a goal that can alleviate ongoing biodiversity losses and human-wildlife conflicts, in cities and beyond. It opens an interdisciplinary conversation by translating emerging scholarship in ethics, politics, and aesthetics to a narrative about desirable more-than-human cultures. This discussion has …

Spectral Light-Reflection Data Dimensionality Reduction For Timely Detection Of Yellow Rust, Ran Aharoni, Valentyna Klymiuk, Benny Sarusi, Sierra N. Young, Tzion Fahima, Barak Fishbain, Shai Kendler

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Yellow rust (YR) wheat disease is one of the major threats to worldwide wheat production, and it often spreads rapidly to new and unexpected geographic locations. To cope with this threat, integrated pathogen management strategies combine disease-resistant plants, sensors monitoring technologies, and fungicides either preventively or curatively, which come with their associated monetary and environmental costs. This work presents a methodology for timely detection of YR that cuts down on hardware and computational requirements. It enables frequent detailed monitoring of the spread of YR, hence providing the opportunity to better target mitigation efforts which is critical for successful integrated disease …

The Sum Is The Realisation Of The Parts: Interdisciplinary Perspectives On Care, Laurene Vaughan, Sarah Pink, Melisa Duque, Shanti Sumartojo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing through the paradigm of care and for care, is a complex and perhaps precarious activity. It is a domain of design research and practice that is best undertaken through interdisciplinary collaboration. In this paper we reflect on the dimensions of an interdisciplinary design evaluation of a psychiatric care facility from four disciplinary perspectives. Through this discussion we propose that it is the disciplinary and methodological diversity of the research team in conjunction with the research participants, that enables us to develop a comprehensive view of the care facility, and the nature of designing for care more broadly. In short …

The Context And Experience Of Mobility Among Urban Marginalized Women In New Delhi, India, Krity Gera, Peter Hasdell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Gender and mobility are two different yet complex themes that intersect to reveal the impact of the latter on practices related to gender. Indian women experience restriction on their movement because of social, cultural and economic issues. In such contexts, the informal modes of transport emerge as bottom-up solutions to fill in the voids left by public transportation system. Transportation is not just a means for geographical mobility but impacts social mobility of women resulting in enhancement of their overall quality of life. This research takes a descriptive approach to reveal the experience of mobility among urban marginalized women residing …

From Engagement To Empowerment: Exploring The Potential For Pedagogical Partnerships In Design, James Robert Thompson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As the notion of co-creation, or productive partnerships between staff and students, achieves increasingly popularity across disciplinary and institutional contexts, the offshoot idea of students and staff partnering on pedagogical scholarship is gaining traction. In design education contexts, however, where the boundary between pedagogical scholarship and studio-based practice tends to be blurry, this model has yet to take hold. What might pedagogical partnerships in design look like, and what benefits might they offer to all constituent parties? This paper explores this topic, drawing connections between scholarship of design education and several well-established pedagogical partnerships around the world. The prospects of …

“Where Is Your Other Half?”: A Wedding Shaped By The Profile, Politics And Potential Of The Indo-China Border, Karthikeya Satish Acharya, Yiying Wu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

We, two design researchers, citizens from India and China, had planned our wedding as a performative design act on the Indo China border. As we neared our performance site from either side, a border dispute broke out and there was a military stand-off between our armies keeping us separated by over a hundred kilometres. From this field-based project, we present three different design outputs: our designed wedding rings, then our wedding video shot at the border and a speculative architectural design program for wedding venues on political borders. In reflection we present the process of arriving at the decisions of …

Meeting Afoot – A Step Towards Transforming Work Practice By Design Of Technical Support, Helena Tobiasson, Fredrik Nilbrink, Jan Gulliksen, Pernilla Eriksson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Over the recent decades, a gradual shift towards less physically active and more sedentary work tasks and environments has taken place in many professions. Low levels of physical activity are now one of the major societal challenges due to its negative impact on health. We report a case study generating knowledge on how to support a change of work practise from low levels of physical activity to an increased level by combining and integrating and not separating work tasks from physical activity. This approach resulted in Meeting afoot – a system supporting walk meetings developed in close collaboration with participants …

50 Years Of Inclusive Design For Childhood Mobility; Insights From An Illustrative Mapping Review, Cara O'Sullivan, Farnaz Nickpour

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent years, the field of Inclusive Paediatric Mobility (IPM) has gained increasing interest from a variety of disciplines and stakeholders, including designers and engineers, healthcare professionals, policymakers, children and families. This has led to increased visibility and understanding, as well as the development of new products and services. However, knowledge around IPM design remains fragmented and with many issues around the desirability, feasibility, and viability of interventions. This is the first illustrative mapping review of the IPM design field to capture, classify, and analyse IPM design contributions chronologically over the past five decades. The review explores relationships between contributions, …

Novice To Expert Real-Time Knowledge Transition In The Context Of X-Ray Airport Security, Shahab Hoghooghi, Vesna Popovic, Levi Swann

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The X-ray screening task is one of the most critical parts of the security processes at airports. Improving this task is directly related to the knowledge of the screeners who perform the task. This paper describes an investigation on real-time knowledge transition during security screeners’ performance of the x-ray screening task at airports. Using eye-tracking glasses, behaviours of ten novice and expert x-ray screeners were observed during the regular screening tasks. Results show that there is a direct relationship between expertise and the amount of knowledge gained by and transferred to security employees. Experts demonstrated a superior ability to transfer …

Graphic Design Studies: What Can It Be? Following In Victor Margolin’S Footsteps For Possible Answers, Robert George Harland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design studies is proposed as a new way to differentiate practice in graphic design from reflection on that practice. Previous attempts to link design studies and graphic design have fallen short of arguing for graphic design studies, and consequently has not been explicit about how graphic design studies may contribute to better understanding the nature of graphic design practice. This has not been helped by the abstruse nomenclature that confuses graphic design’s relationship to and distinction from other visual practices. Victor Margolin called this ‘narrative problems.’ This paper explores the potential to differentiate graphic design practice from graphic design …

Changing Places: The Armed Forces, Post-Military Space And Urban Change In Plymouth, Uk, Stephen Essex, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This article considers how militarism and post-militarism impact upon places and the people who live in them. The article focuses on Plymouth in Devon, south-west UK, examining how geopolitics and militarism have contributed to change in a ‘garrison town’.