Digital Commons Network^™

Simulating Der Adoption In Wholesale Power Markets Using Agent Based Computational Economics, Islam H. El-Adaway, Charles Sims, Mohamed Eid, Yinan Liu, Gasser Galal Ali

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

There is a transition from centralized electricity generation to distributed energy resources (DER). An increasing number of customers are adopting distributed solar generation (DSG). However, utilities face the difficulty of predicting electrical demand and therefore dispatching and controlling generation. The goal of this research is to study the evolving dynamic market behavior affected by DER investment decisions. To that end, agent-based modeling (ABM) is used to study the emerging behavior of the market under those conditions. The model is developed from the existing and validated AMES framework, which is used for agent-based computational economics (ACE) simulation of wholesale power markets. …

Influence Of Pumping Pressure On The Viscosity Curve And Rheological Stability Of Mortar Incorporating Polycarboxylate, Jae Hong Kim, Seong Ho Han, Byoung Il Choi

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Concrete pumping has been successfully adopted in modern construction. Various concrete including high-strength concrete and self-consolidating concrete can be pumped, but we still have a lack of understanding of the rheological behavior and its change during the pumping process. This study evaluates the effect of pumping pressure on the viscosity curves of cement-based materials incorporating a specific polycarboxylate. The viscosity of mortar samples increases with the pumping pressure. The viscosity increase depends on the rate of shear strain and the polymer structure of the polycarboxylate. The effect of pumping pressure is then generalized with a Sisko model. A mechanistic model …

A Justification For Continued Management Of Turfgrass During Economic Contraction, James T. Brosnan, Ambika Chandra, Roch E. Gaussoin, Alec Kowalewski, Bernd Leinauer, Frank S. Rossi, Douglas J. Soldat, John C. Stier, J. Bryan Unruh

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A novel coronavirus, termed COVID-19, spread worldwide and become a global pandemic in 2020. Forecasts show that COVID-19 will cause substantial economic contraction affecting almost every industry. Managed turfgrass, particularly in urban settings, has many positive societal and environmental benefits. In a contracted economy, will resources be available to manage turfgrass to achieve these benefits? In this paper, we outline the benefits of managed turfgrass on golf courses, playing fields, recreational parks, and urban landscapes to assist decision makers with resource allocation in the COVID-19 era.

Benchmarking The Agronomic Performance Of Biodegradable Mulches Against Polyethylene Mulch Film: A Meta‐Analysis, Mauro B.D. Tofanelli, Samuel E. Wortman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Growers are interested in biodegradable alternatives to petroleum‐based polyethylene mulch film (PEM). However, many growers cite limited knowledge about biodegradable mulch films (BDMs) as a significant barrier to adoption. Agronomic field tests of BDMs are often limited temporally or spatially, and the variability of performance results relative to PEM may be contributing to this perceived knowledge gap. Our objective was to use data available in the scientific literature to provide the first quantitative performance benchmark of BDMs against PEM. We extracted data from 66 articles for meta‐analysis. Response ratios were calculated for comparison of BDMs relative to black PEM, and …

Transformative Education In Agroecology: Student, Teacher, And Client Involvement In Co-Learning, Charles A. Francis, Anna Marie Nicolaysen, Geir Lieblein, Tor Arvid Breland

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Educational methods have evolved rapidly in agroecology, which is a complex and holistic field without a long history or the formal tradition of any single academic discipline. Definitions of agroecology have evolved from its initial conception as a marriage of agriculture with ecology, to an aggregation of different paths including science, practices, and movements, and recently as a broad appreciation of the ecology of food systems. In contrast with traditional courses that begin with a history of the discipline and review the contributions of early leaders, we have embraced phenomenology to firmly establish roots in students’ learning through their experiences …

Evaluation Of The Specific Attenuation Method For Radar-Based Quantitative Precipitation Estimation: Improvements And Practical Challenges, Bong Chul Seo, Witold F. Krajewski, Alexander Ryzhkov

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study demonstrates an implementation of the prototype quantitative precipitation R estimation algorithm using specific attenuation A for S-band polarimetric radar. The performance of R(A) algorithm is assessed, compared to the conventional algorithm using radar reflectivity Z, at multiple temporal scales. Because the factor a, defined as the net ratio of A to specific differential phase, is a key parameter of the algorithm characterized by drop size distributions (e.g., differential reflectivity Zdr dependence on Z), the estimation equations of a and a proper number of Zdr–Z samples required for a reliable a estimation are examined. Based on the dynamic estimation …

Development Of The Conflict Management Skills Beliefs Scale, Christina Anne Bancroft

Theses and Dissertations

The present study explored the development and initial validation of measure of conflict management, a skill often taught in school-based social-emotional learning (SEL) programs. There is a gap in existing scales that measure conflict management skills for children and adolescents. The scales that do exist for children or adolescents (CONFLICTALK, Kimsey & Fuller, 2003; Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory [CRSI], Bonache et al., 2016) often measure conflict styles rather than skills, do not have a theoretical basis, and or have limited norming information or are normed on populations (and languages) outside of the United States.

Our purpose was to develop and …

Boynton V. Virginia And The Anxieties Of The Modern African-American Customer, Amber Baylor

Faculty Scholarship

In 1958, Bruce Boynton was arrested for ordering food in a Whites-Only diner and charged with criminal trespass. Sixty years later, African Americans continue to face arrest and threat of arrest in commercial establishments based on discriminatory trespass claims. When store owners or employees decide to exclude would-be patrons from their establishment for discriminatory reasons, both overt and implicit, they rely on the police to enforce this form of discrimination. This article considers the legacy of Boynton v. Virginia, particularly the resonance of Boynton’s unaddressed claim, that the state enforcement of discriminatory trespass allegations is an Equal Protection violation.

African-American …

In Times Of Chaos: Creating Blueprints For Law School Responses To Natural Disasters, Jeffrey R. Baker, Christine E. Cerniglia, Davida Finger, Luz E. Herrera, Jonel Newman

Faculty Scholarship

A recent onslaught of domestic natural disasters created acute, critical needs for legal services for people displaced and harmed by storms and fires. In 2017, Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria and Michael struck much of Texas, Florida, and Puerto Rico, displacing millions from their homes. Wildfires burned throughout California and tested the capacity of pro bono and legal aid systems across the state. In 2018, Hurricane Florence flooded North Carolina, and Hurricane Michael devastated the Florida Panhandle. California again suffered wildfires, the largest and most devastating in recorded history. Natural disasters are both more common and more destructive, the “new abnormal.” …

Copyright And The 1%, Glynn Lunney

Faculty Scholarship

No one ever argues for copyright on the grounds that superstar artists and authors need more money, but what if that is all, or mostly all, that copyright does? This article presents newly available data on the distribution of players across the PC videogame market. This data reveals an L-shaped distribution of demand. A relative handful of games are extremely popular. The vast majority are not. In the face of an L curve, copyright overpays superstars, but does very little for the average author and for works at the margins of profitability. This makes copyright difficult to justify on either …

Goodbye To Concurring Opinions, Meg Penrose

Faculty Scholarship

Modern Supreme Court opinions are too long. They are too fractured. And they often lack clarity. Separate opinions, particularly concurring opinions, are largely to blame. Today’s justices are more inclined to publish separate opinions than their predecessors.The justices do not want to read lengthy briefs but appear willing to publish lengthy opinions. Yet the justices owe us clarity. They should want the law to be understandable—and understood. In hopes of achieving greater legal clarity, this article calls for an end to concurring opinions.

The modern Court writes more separate opinions than past courts. It is becoming far too common that …

Why Protect Unauthorized Workers? Imperfect Proxies, Unaccountable Employers, And Antidiscrimination Law's Failures, Angela D. Morrison

Faculty Scholarship

This article explores a gap in the scholarship regarding the unauthorized workplace. It describes and names the two main justifications on which advocates and courts have relied to extend federal antidiscrimination protections to unauthorized workers. First, the proxy justification insists that workplace protections must include unauthorized workers because their protection is necessary to protect U.S. citizen and authorized workers. Second, the deterrence/accountability justification states that workplace protections must include unauthorized workers because it will deter employers from future violations of antidiscrimination laws and hold them accountable for violations of immigration law. While these justifications have led to some protection for …

Geographical Indications Of Origin, Economic Development, And Cultural Heritage: Good Match Or Mismatch?, Irene Calboli

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, I propose that geographical indications (GIs) carry important economic benefits. First, GIs are essential instruments to facilitate investments in high-quality products and niche markets, and promote local trade and development. Second, GIs offer an additional layer of information for consumers about the geographical origin and quality of the products they identify, in turn reducing the information asymmetries between producers and consumers. Third, because of this information function, GIs can assist in rewarding or holding producers accountable for their products based on the additional information they convey to the market. Yet, GIs can also protect culture-related interests and …

Incremental Cluster Validity Indices For Online Learning Of Hard Partitions: Extensions And Comparative Study, Leonardo Enzo Brito Da Silva, Niklas Max Melton, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Validation is one of the most important aspects of clustering, particularly when the user is designing a trustworthy or explainable system. However, most clustering validation approaches require batch calculation. This is an important gap because of the value of clustering in real-time data streaming and other online learning applications. Therefore, interest has grown in providing online alternatives for validation. This paper extends the incremental cluster validity index (iCVI) family by presenting incremental versions of Calinski-Harabasz (iCH), Pakhira-Bandyopadhyay-Maulik (iPBM), WB index (iWB), Silhouette (iSIL), Negentropy Increment (iNI), Representative Cross Information Potential (irCIP), Representative Cross Entropy (irH), and Conn_Index (iConn_Index). This paper …

A B-Spline-Based Generative Adversarial Network Model For Fast Interactive Airfoil Aerodynamic Optimization, Xiaosong Du, Ping He, Joaquim R.R.A. Martins

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Airfoil aerodynamic optimization is of great importance in aircraft design; however, it relies on high-fidelity physics-based models that are computationally expensive to evaluate. In this work, we provide a methodology to reduce the computational cost for airfoil aerodynamic optimization. Firstly, we develop a B-spline based generative adversarial networks (BSplineGAN) parameterization method to automatically infer design space with sufficient shape variability. Secondly, we construct multi-layer neural network (MNN) surrogates for fast predictions on aerodynamic drag, lift, and pitching moment coefficients. The BSplineGAN has a relative error lower than 1% when fitting to UIUC database. Verification of MNN surrogates shows the root …

A Brief Review On 3d Bioprinted Skin Substitutes, Fateme Fayyazbakhsh, Ming-Chuan Leu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Global Escalating Cases of Skin Donor Shortage for Patients with Severe Wounds Warn the Vital Need for Alternatives to Skin Allografts. over the Last Three Decades, Research in the Skin Regeneration Area Has Addressed the Unmet Need for Artificial Skin Substitutes. 3D Bioprinting is a Promising Innovative Technology to Accurately Fabricate Skin Constructs based on Natural or Synthetic Bioinks, Whether Loaded or Not Loaded with Native Skin Cells (I.e., Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts) or Stem Cells in the Prescribed 3D Hierarchal Structure to Create Artificial Multilayer and Single Cell-Laden Construct. in This Paper, the Recent Developments in 3D Bioprinting for …

Countering Deficit Thinking About Neurodiversity Among General Education Teacher Candidates: A Case Discussion Approach, Grinell Smith, Colette Rabin

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We have observed that many of the multiple-subjects teacher credential candidates in our program often reveal deficit views of autistic children. This report provides an example of how we help credential candidates learn to reframe deficit thinking about neurodiversity via the examination, discussion, and dramatization of a collection of dilemma-based case stories designed to help our students unearth preconceptions and engage in shared inquiry. One strength of this approach is that it asks candidates to develop specific and realistic plans of action, to adopt a care ethic requiring them to think and act from the perspective of the child, to …

Understanding Country Level Adoption Of E-Commerce: A Theoretical Model Including Technological, Institutional, And Cultural Factors, Punit Ahluwalia, Mohammad I. Merhi

Information Systems Faculty Publications

This paper provides a theoretically grounded model of e-commerce adoption to explain differences in adoption rates among countries. The model extends the existing culture-policy-technology (CPT) framework to examine causal relationships between the technological, institutional, and cultural factors in order to examine country-level e-commerce adoption. Thus, interesting relationships among macro-level factors are hypothesized. The paper highlights the important of risk mitigating mechanisms or institutions to facilitate adoption of e-commerce in countries with high uncertainty avoidance. A call for empirical examination into country level adoption is answered by analyzing macro level data from 69 countries. The hypotheses are confirmed using PLS analytical …

Numerical Methods For Electromagnetic Modeling Of Graphene: A Review, Kaikun Niu, Ping Li, Zhixiang Huang, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang, Hakan Bagci

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Graphene's remarkable electrical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties have made this the frontier of many other 2-D materials a focus of significant research interest in the last decade. Many theoretical studies of the physical mechanisms behind these properties have been followed by those investing the graphene's practical use in various fields of engineering. Electromagnetics, optics, and photonics are among these fields, where potential benefits of graphene in improving the device/system performance have been studied. These studies are often carried out using simulation tools. To this end, many numerical methods have been developed to characterize electromagnetic field/wave interactions on graphene sheets …

Direct Numerical Simulations Of Acoustic Disturbances In Various Rectangular Nozzle Configurations, Nathaniel Hildebrand, Meelan M. Choudhari, Lian Duan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We perform Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) to study the acoustic freestream disturbances radiating from the turbulent boundary layers along the contoured nozzle walls of a hypersonic wind tunnel with a rectangular test section. To begin with, the effects of the spanwise end walls are suppressed by confining the spanwise computational domain to a finite segment of the overall nozzle cross section and by imposing periodic boundary conditions across that spanwise domain. Besides providing a building-block configuration to reveal partial effects of the enclosed acoustic environment within the wind tunnel, these computations serve as a steppingstone toward the goal of fully-3D …

Direct Numerical Simulation Of Turbulent Pressure Fluctuations Over A Cone At Mach 8, Junji Huang, Lian Duan, Katya M. Casper, Ross M. Wagnild, Neal P. Bitter

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) were conducted to characterize the pressure fluctuations under the turbulent portion of the boundary layer over a sharp 7◦ half-angle cone at a nominal freestream Mach number of 8 and a unit Reynolds number of Reunit = 13.4 x 106/m. The axisymmetric cone geometry and the flow conditions of the DNS matched those measured in the Sandia Hypersonic Wind Tunnel at Mach 8 (Sandia HWT-8). The DNS-predicted wall pressure statistics, including the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) fluctuations and the power spectral density (PSD), were compared with those measured in the Sandia HWT-8. A good comparison between the DNS …

Navigating Refugee Subjecthood: Cambodian American Education, Identity, And Resilience, Yvonne Y. Kwan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

To investigate trauma formation associated with the intricacy of Cambodian-specific experiences, this study examines how refugee identities and daily diasporic experiences shape the larger subject positions of subsequent generations—particularly through the concept of refugee subjecthood. Cambodia American students’ navigation of ethnic and racial identity reveals that in comparison to the available discursive narratives about their history (given to them through multicultural education), the younger generations’ is an inexact fit. To draw out the relationships between collective feelings and social experiences, this article addresses how Cambodian American students not only come into recognition about their positions as refugee subjects but also …

Spatial Particulate Fields During Highwinds In The Imperial Valley, California, Frank R. Freedman, Paul English, Jeff Wagner, Yang Liu, Akula Venkatram, Daniel Q. Tong, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, Meytar Sorek-Hamer, Robert Chatfield, Ana Rivera, Patrick L. Kinney

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We examined windblown dust within the Imperial Valley (CA) during strong springtime west-southwesterly (WSW) wind events. Analysis of routine agency meteorological and ambient particulate matter (PM) measurements identified 165 high WSW wind events between March and June 2013 to 2019. The PM concentrations over these days are higher at northern valley monitoring sites, with daily PM mass concentration of particles less than 10 micrometers aerodynamic diameter (PM10) at these sites commonly greater than 100 μg/m3 and reaching around 400 μg/m3, and daily PM mass concentration of particles less than 2.5 micrometers aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) commonly greater than 20 μg/m3 and …

Screening Gender Minority People For Harmful Alcohol Use, Annesa Flentje, Branden T. Barger, Matthew R. Capriotti, Micah E. Lubensky, Matthew Tierney, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Mitchell R. Lunn

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study identifies how to screen for harmful alcohol use among gender minority (e.g., transgender and gender-expansive) people using brief screening methods and identifies which screening methods perform best among gender-expansive, transfeminine, and transmasculine subgroups, as screening recommendations are not currently available. Using 2018 Annual Questionnaire data from The PRIDE Study, area under the curve (AUC) values were compared to identify which screening methods (“4 or more” or “5 or more” drinks on one occasion in the past year, or one or more items from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT]) best predicted (i) harmful alcohol use and (ii) …

Electromagnetic-Circuital-Thermal Multiphysics Simulation Method: A Review, Huan Huan Zhang, Pan Pan Wang, Shuai Zhang, Long Li, Ping Li, Wei E.I. Sha, Li (Lijun) Jun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electromagnetic-circuital-thermal multiphysics simulation is a very important topic in the field of integrated circuits (ICs), microwave circuits, antennas, etc. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art of electromagnetic-circuital-thermal multiphysics simulation method. Most efforts were focused on electromagnetic-circuital co-simulation and electromagnetic-thermal cosimulation. A brief introduction of related theories like governing equations, numerical methods, and coupling mechanisms is also included.

A Novel Data-Driven Scheme For The Ship Wake Identification On The 2-D Dynamic Sea Surface, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Because the ship wake spreads into an area much larger than that of the ship hull in the sea surface, it has been widely used in the ship detection. However, due to the complex sea wave motion and the high sea state, the ship wake detection is still a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven method based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) to detect, reconstruct, and locate the Kelvin wake on the two-dimensional dynamic sea surface. Through the proposed method, the sea's dynamic characteristics including the oscillation frequency and decay/growth rate of ship wakes and the …

Pregnancy Intentions And Outcomes Among Transgender, Nonbinary, And Gender-Expansive People Assigned Female Or Intersex At Birth In The United States: Results From A National, Quantitative Survey, Heidi Moseson, Laura Fix, Jen Hastings, Ari Stoeffler, Mitchell R. Lunn, Annesa Flentje, Micah E. Lubensky, Matthew R. Capriotti, Sachiko Ragosta, Hannah Forsberg, Juno Obedin-Maliver

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive (TGE) people experience pregnancy. Quantitative data about pregnancy intentions and outcomes of TGE people are needed to identify patterns in pregnancy intentions and outcomes and to inform clinicians how best to provide gender-affirming and competent pregnancy care. Aims: We sought to collect data on pregnancy intentions and outcomes among TGE people assigned female or intersex at birth in the United States. Methods: Collaboratively with a study-specific community advisory team, we designed a customizable, online survey to measure sexual and reproductive health experiences among TGE people. Eligible participants included survey respondents who identified as a man …