Digital Commons Network^™

Universal Protocol For Investigative Interviewing And Associated Safeguards: Taking Jordan As An Example, Lubna N. Nasser

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

States Of Emergency And Human Rights During A Pandemic: A Hungarian Case Study, Megan Cox

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

Strengthening The Right To Know Through Truth And Reconciliation Commissions, Tracey B.C. Begley

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

Reintroducing International Direct Sales Companies To Chinese Regulatory Compliance: Navigating National Distrust, Social Unrest & Colliding National Policies, Grace Garbee

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Nuclear Semiotics, Atomic Tourism, And International Law: Tourism To The Chernobyl Site, Cannon Lane

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Waging War On A Child's Right To Education In Africa, Sydney Plummer

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Screening Syndromes Out: Updating The International "Genocide" Vernacular For A Changing Technological Age, Nur Iqbal Kara

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Crisis In Yemen: Armed Conflict And International Law, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Haute Couture's Paper Shield: The Madrid Protocol And The Absence Of International Trademark Enforcement Mechanisms, Zachary Shufro

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Truths In Translation, Frédéric Gilles Sourgens

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Governance Of Ict Standardization: Due Process In Technocratic Decision-Making, Olia Kanevskaia

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The International Law Commission's First Draft Convention On Crimes Against Humanity: Codification, Progressive Development, Or Both?, Charles C. Jalloh

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

"It is submitted that, if the General Assembly takes forward the ILC’s draft text to conclude a new crimes against humanity treaty after the second reading, this will make a significant contribution to the development of modern international criminal law."

Introducing Private-Property Rights To Cuba: How Cuba's New Constitution Paves The Way For Economic Growth, Renee Monzon

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

On February 24, 2019, Cuba adopted a new Constitution.1 The new Constitution formally recognizes private-property ownership. From the beginning of Socialism’s impact on Cuba, private-property ownership had been legally abolished until Fidel Castro stepped down from power in 2008.2 This new Constitution shows a departure from the socialist grasp on the economy. Cuba likely recognizes that private-property ownership is fundamental to economic growth in capitalist countries and now seeks to benefit from the growth that accompanies a system of private-property rights. Cuba is not the first socialist country to embark on a process of property privatization. This paper will look …

"Balancing" Free Expression And Religious Feelings In E.S. V. Austria: Blasphemy By Any Other Name?, John G. Wrench

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

The European Court of Human Rights’ 2018 decision in E.S. v. Austria upheld an Austrian court’s conviction based on “disparaging religious doctrine.” The Court took this opportunity to reaffirm problematic, decades-old precedent, while creating new contradictions in its analysis of free expression claims. Despite the EU’s modern opposition to the criminalization of blasphemy, E.S. v. Austria in effect sends a contradictory message. This Comment explores the roots of the Court’s struggle to find an appropriate balance between the values of religious tolerance and freedom of expression, analyzes the Court’s recent decision, and suggests future paths to recalibrate the Court’s approach …

Student Nurses, Increasing Placement Capacity And Patient Safety. A Retrospective Cohort Study, Graham R. Williamson, Adele Kane, Jane Bunce

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Dementia And Its Relationship With Suicidality: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis, G Hodge

School of Nursing and Midwifery

This article used a critical interpretive synthesis model which interpreted data associated with the subject of suicidality in dementia. A sample frame was used to determine the quality and relevance of extracted data, and finally to construct a critical interpretive synthesis. Data were extracted from eight key papers. Results The review and synthesis concluded with eight synthetic constructs, and two concluding synthesised arguments. Argument one was the substantial increased risk of suicidality in people diagnosed with dementia and clinical depression. The second argument was that end-of-life discussions are common place in people with a dementia diagnosis and their families. Conclusion …

Government Policy Around Inclusive Education In The Uk And The Implications For Children, Families And Teachers, E Done

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

The relevance and value of a post-structuralist theoretical orientation when considering inclusion-related policy will be briefly explained, followed by the identification of recurrent themes in a post-structuralist analysis of UK policy developments. These themes include: a confused policy landscape that EY teachers must navigate, rights as a necessary but not sufficient condition of inclusion, and inclusion as an ethical (not economic) project that rejects deficit models of disability. Foucault (1982, p.778) insists on checking “the type of reality with which we are dealing” and, relatedly, the historical conditions of prevailing discursive fabrications to provide “historical awareness of our present circumstance”. …

Slaying The Leviathan: How Inconsistent Restrictions On State Immunity Undermine The Rule Of Law, Bailey Roe

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ni Refugiados Ni Migrantes: La Protección Complementaria En Casos De Migrantes En Situación De Pobreza, A La Luz Del Derecho Internacional De Los Derechos Humanos, Tomás Pascual Ricke

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Alibaba, Amazon, And Counterfeiting In The Age Of The Internet, Daniel C.K. Chow

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The advent of e-commerce marketplaces such as Alibaba and Amazon in the new millennium has led to the proliferation of the sale of counterfeit goods around the world through the Internet. Brand owners find that Internet counterfeiters operating in the digital world present even more challenges than those using only brick-and-mortar operations. Internet counterfeiters have unprecedented access to consumers. They use false identities and addresses and vanish into cyberspace at the first sign of trouble. Brand owners seeking help from Alibaba and Amazon to remove listings of counterfeits have become frustrated by their convoluted and labyrinthine notice and take-down procedures. …

Chasing The Fruits Of Misery: Confronting The Historical Relationships Between Opioid Revenues, Offshore Financial Centers, And International Regulatory Networks, Stephen C. Wilks

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

As the opioid crisis continues to claim lives throughout the U.S., tort litigants have faced challenges pursuing Purdue Pharma – one of the drug makers responsible for aggressively promoting OxyContin while downplaying the drug’s addictive effects. Much of this litigation posture sought to recover billions in public health costs incurred responding to the crisis at federal, state and local levels. As the plaintiff class grew, Purdue Pharma petitioned for bankruptcy protection, at which point auditors discovered the entity’s beneficial owners had caused it to wire billions in opioid profits into offshore accounts – placing them beyond the reach of litigants. …

Crowding Out Theory: Protecting Shareholders By Balancing Executives’ Incentives In France, The United States, & China, Palden Flynn

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

This paper explores the differences between executive compensation regimes in France, the United States, and China. It asks whether there is a link between state regulation of real options as a form of executive compensation and state regulation of shareholder protections. This paper argues that if a country regulates the use of real options as compensation, then that country is also more likely to have strong shareholder protection laws. This argument seems to be true based on a descriptive review of executive compensation law and shareholder protections in France, the United States, and China.

If it is true that countries …

Can Smart Contracts Enhance Firm Efficiency In Emerging Markets?, Kevin J. Fandl

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

Blockchain technology has the potential to eliminate one of the most significant barriers to economic growth through private business transactions in developing countries—lack of trust. In a typical developed country, individuals and firms conduct transactions within an institutional environment that offers security through the enforcement of agreements. Transparent and effective courts, while imperfect to be sure, enable parties to feel secure in their transactions even if their level of trust in the other party is low. This security, in turn, facilitates transactions far afield from high-trust relationships (e.g., immediate relatives), generating transactions based upon economic value rather than party trust …

Disinheriting Your Children: A "Non" "Non" In France, An Accepted Use Of Testimentary Freedom In America, Eva Saulnier

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Inheritance law or—as called in Europe—private law was developed in the shadow of different historical, social, cultural, and economic circumstances. Consequently, countries adopted various characteristics for the disposition of property at death. But with today’s growing globalization, the national regulations’ differences are becoming a growing issue for multinational families.

This Note examines cross-border inheritance through the lens of a current multinational inheritance battle. The late French singer Johnny Hallyday’s testamentary documents disinheriting his two eldest children and asking for Californian law to be applied to his estate is currently being challenged. While freedom of testation and the testator’s intent are …

Occurrence And Assemblage Composition Of Intertidal Non-Native Species May Be Influenced By Shipping Patterns And Artificial Structures, Kathryn A. O'Shaughnessy, Stephen J. Hawkins, Anna L.E. Yunnie, Mick E. Hanley, Paul Lunt, Richard C. Thompson, Louise B. Firth

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Habitat modification coupled with the spread of non-native species (NNS) are among the top threats to marine biodiversity globally. Species are known to be transported to new locations via international shipping and secondarily spread via regional vessels and artificial structures. Rapid Assessment Surveys (RAS) combining quantitative and semi-quantitative methods compared NNS richness and assemblage composition on intertidal natural rocky shores and artificial structures in harbours in different regions along the south coast of England. Quantitative data showed that artificial habitats supported higher richness than natural habitats, while semi-quantitative data found no difference in richness among habitat types. This result was …

Macro-Appraisal And Professional Communities, Cory L. Nimer

Faculty Publications

This paper explores the application of social network analysis tools and other quantitative measures for the macro-appraisal of a research community in order to identify individuals from whom to solicit professional papers. While the contributions of individual scholars can be quantified and reviewed in a variety of ways, network analysis provides a useful approach for assessing the contributions of scholars in terms of their connections with other researchers. Using the faculty of a university department as a case study, this study considers how visualizing networks might be used as an additional metric in a professional papers program or subject-based archive …

Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback Among Graduate Students: The Effects Of Feedback Timing, Grant Eckstein, Maureen Estelle Sims, Lisa Rohm

Faculty Publications

Dynamic written corrective feedback (DWCF) is a pedagogical approach that offers meaningful, manageable, constant, and timely corrective feedback on student writing (Hartshorn et al., 2010). It emphasizes indirect and comprehensive written error correction on short, daily writing assignments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that its use can lead to fewer language errors among undergraduate and pre-matriculated college writers (see Kurzer, 2018). However, the benefits of DWCF among second language (L2) graduate writers and the role of feedback timing have not been well examined. We analyzed timed writing samples over a 12-week intervention from 22 L2 graduate students who either received biweekly …

Impoliteness Strategies In Online Discussions On Cheating In A Virtual Reality Game, Chia Wen Fong

Student Works (2020-2029)

This research study identifies the impoliteness strategies found in the forum’s post comments discussing accounts of grief play activities mainly spoofing in a social game, Pokemon Go, and discusses how impoliteness is accommodated in the interactions among forum members in the conveyance of their perceptions towards cheating in social gaming. Data is collected from five complaint posts in a subforum, r/pokemongo, that discusses topics and contents related to Pokemon Go which is part of a megaforum, Reddit. Culpeper’s (2011) Impoliteness Framework and the constructs of Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) are used to analyse the data collected. The findings show that …

Children’S Practices And Engagement In E-Reading For Pleasure: A Case Study Of A Malaysian Primary School, Ghalebandi Seyedeh Ghazal

Student Works (2020-2029)

Children nowadays have been exposed to on-screen reading or e-reading since the development of mobile application and devices to support reading and learning activities. The reading for pleasure declines as children grow older. Studies highlighted the reduces children’s time and motivation for voluntary reading because of competing interests and other leisure activities. It is believed that recent technological advancements are also contributing to the decline in reading for pleasure. This study employed a case study approach to understanding children’s practices and engagement in e-reading for pleasure context. The following research questions were put forward in the investigation: a) how do …

Relationship Between Esl Teachers’ Reading Habits And Their English Language Proficiency, Appa Rwoo Sharmila

Student Works (2020-2029)

This research is carried out with the purpose of gaining more in-depth information in regards to the reading habits of 210 ESL teachers in the district of Klang, Selangor and how these habits correspond to their English language proficiency. Using the convenience sampling method and quantitative instruments such as survey questionnaire and an English language proficiency test, this research aims to achieve four research objectives. First, it intends to study the types of reading materials read by ESL teachers in Malaysia. Secondly, it aims to calculate the rates of general and extensive reading among these teachers and thirdly, the problems …