Digital Commons Network^™

Improvement Of Tcad Augmented Machine Learning Using Autoencoder For Semiconductor Variation Identification And Inverse Design, Kashyap Mehta, Sophia Susan Raju, Ming Xiao, Boyan Wang, Yuhao Zhang, Hiu Yung Wong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A machine learning (ML) model by combing two autoencoders and one linear regression model is proposed to avoid overfitting and to improve the accuracy of Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD)-augmented ML for semiconductor structural variation identification and inverse design, without using domain expertise. TCAD-augmented ML utilizes TCAD simulations to generate sufficient data for ML model development when experimental data are inadequate. The ML model can then be used to identify semiconductor structural variation for given experimental electrical measurements. In this study, the variation of layer thicknesses in the p-i-n diode is used as a demonstration. An ML model is developed to …

Incorporating A Canopy Parameterization Within A Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Model To Improve A Smoke Simulation For A Prescribed Burn, Derek V. Mallia, Adam K. Kochanski, Shawn P. Urbanski, Jan Mandel, Angel Farguell, Steven K. Krueger

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Forecasting fire growth, plume rise and smoke impacts on air quality remains a challenging task. Wildland fires dynamically interact with the atmosphere, which can impact fire behavior, plume rises, and smoke dispersion. For understory fires, the fire propagation is driven by winds attenuated by the forest canopy. However, most numerical weather prediction models providing meteorological forcing for fire models are unable to resolve canopy winds. In this study, an improved canopy model parameterization was implemented within a coupled fire-atmosphere model (WRF-SFIRE) to simulate a prescribed burn within a forested plot. Simulations with and without a canopy wind model were generated …

Energy Filtering Effect At Source Contact On Ultra-Scaled Mosfets, Johan Saltin, Nguyen Cong Dao, Philip H.W. Leong, Hiu Yung Wong

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We postulate that in ultra-scaled Field Effect Transistors (FET), such as nanowires in sub-7nm technology, the source contact will act as an energy filter and increase the effective temperature of carriers arriving at the channel barrier. This is due to the absence of inelastic scattering in the short source-contact-to-channel region. As a result, the Sub-threshold Slope (SS) will increase substantially. In this paper, we verify this energy filtering effect through numerical calculations and Technology Computer-Aided-Design (TCAD) simulations calibrated to quantum solvers for electrostatics. It is found that SS degradation increases as the source metal workfunction increases. At 300K, in the …

An Ultra-Low-Power Area-Efficient Non-Coherent Binary Phase-Shift Keying Demodulator For Implantable Biomedical Microsystems, Milad Ghazi, Mohammad Hossein Maghami, Parviz Amiri, Sotoudeh Hamedi-Hagh

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A novel non-coherent, low-power, area-efficient binary phase-shift keying demodulator for wireless implantable biomedical microsystems is proposed. The received data and synchronized clock signal are detected using a delayed digitized format of the input signal. The proposed technique does not require any kind of oscillator circuit, and due to the synchronization of all circuit signals, the proposed demodulator can work in a wide range of biomedical data telemetry common frequencies in different process/temperature corners. The presented circuit has been designed and post-layout-simulated in a standard 0.18 µm CMOS technology and occupies 17 × 27 µm2 of active area. Post-layout simulation results …

Spatial Particulate Fields During Highwinds In The Imperial Valley, California, Frank R. Freedman, Paul English, Jeff Wagner, Yang Liu, Akula Venkatram, Daniel Q. Tong, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, Meytar Sorek-Hamer, Robert Chatfield, Ana Rivera, Patrick L. Kinney

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We examined windblown dust within the Imperial Valley (CA) during strong springtime west-southwesterly (WSW) wind events. Analysis of routine agency meteorological and ambient particulate matter (PM) measurements identified 165 high WSW wind events between March and June 2013 to 2019. The PM concentrations over these days are higher at northern valley monitoring sites, with daily PM mass concentration of particles less than 10 micrometers aerodynamic diameter (PM10) at these sites commonly greater than 100 μg/m3 and reaching around 400 μg/m3, and daily PM mass concentration of particles less than 2.5 micrometers aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) commonly greater than 20 μg/m3 and …

Determination Of Demagnetizing Factors Using First-Order Reversal Curves And Ferromagnetic Resonance, K. S. Muster, R. Heindl

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We present a method to quantitatively analyze magnetizing or demagnetizing interactions in arrayed nano-magnets by combining first-order reversal curve (FORC) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement data. We develop a function to predict the resulting FORC distribution given: (1) a Gaussian intrinsic distribution in terms of the internal field and (2) a mean interaction field proportional to the sample's magnetic moment. We then perform least-squares regression of our model on experimental FORC measurements of a nanowire array and of a thin film. Combining the obtained interaction field with an FMR fit result allows us to algebraically solve for the effective axial …

Racial Purges, Robert L. Tsai

Faculty Scholarship

In a two-year period, 1885-86, over 168 communities in America forcibly expelled Chinese residents from their midst. This essay, inspired by historian Beth Lew-Williams's book, THE CHINESE MUST GO, investigates the nineteenth-century purges of Chinese residents that occurred throughout the American west. I make three arguments. First, these acts of racial and political terror complicate our understanding of racial violence in America. Many of the actions were denounced, but they were also surprisingly effective in forcing business and political leaders to support the indefinite suspension of Chinese migration. Perpetrators faced almost no legal repercussions, and unlike for freed persons, racial …

The Growth And Need For Veterans Treatment Courts, Chad Lennon

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Validation Of Microrna Biomarkers For Alzheimer’S Disease In Human Cerebrospinal Fluid, Jack T. Wiedrick, Jay I. Phillips, Theresa A. Lusardi, Trevor J. Mcfarland, Babbet Lind, Ursula K. Sandau, Christina A. Harrington, Jodi A. Lapidusa, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

We previously discovered microRNAs (miRNAs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that differentiate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients from Controls. Here we examined the performance of 37 candidate AD miRNA biomarkers in a new and independent cohort of CSF from 47 AD patients and 71 Controls on custom TaqMan arrays. We employed a consensus ranking approach to provide an overall priority score for each miRNA, then used multimarker models to assess the relative contributions of the top-ranking miRNAs to differentiate AD from Controls. We assessed classification performance of the top-ranking miRNAs when combined with apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype status or CSF amyloid-β42 (Aβ42):total …

Analysis Of Covid-19 Transmission: Low Risk Of Presymptomatic Spread?, Mark K. Slifka, William B. Messer, Ian J. Amanna

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

More than 6 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) have been identified worldwide and a number of case reports1-5 have indicated that COVID-19 has the potential to be transmitted prior to disease onset. Studies have also shown that infectious virus can be isolated from presymptomatic COVID-19 cases6 and although it is unknown what level of infectious virus is needed to confer efficient transmission potential, detection of infectious virus in the upper respiratory tract indicates that presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19 is plausible. Fear of asymptomatic and presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19 has led to considerable concern among public health policy …

Screening For Unhealthy Drug Use: Updated Evidence Report And Systematic Review For The Us Preventive Services Task Force, Carrie D. Patnode, Leslie A. Perdue, Megan Rushkin, Tracy Dana, Ian Blazina, Christina Bougatsos, Sara Grusing, Elizabeth A. O'Connor, Rongwei Fu, Roger Chou

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

IMPORTANCE

Illicit drug use is among the most common causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US.

OBJECTIVE

To systematically review the literature on screening and interventions for drug use to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.

DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through September 18, 2018; literature surveillance through September 21, 2019. STUDY SELECTION Test accuracy studies to detect drug misuse and randomized clinical trials of screening and interventions to reduce drug use. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Critical appraisal and data abstraction by 2 reviewers and random-effects meta-analyses. MAIN OUTCOMES …

Narrative Therapy To Reduce Self-Stigma: Empowering Children, Adolescents, And Their Families, Jillian Baldwin

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

The effects of self-stigma on children and adolescents with mental health diagnoses is a documented psychological issue in academic literature; however, no studies or articles to date present strategies for reducing its negative effects. Additionally, very few studies have connected the experience of parental stigma, or courtesy/affiliate stigma, and its effects on child and family well-being. Self-stigma has been conceptualized as existing on the opposite end of the spectrum from empowerment, suggesting that empowerment may serve as a promising approach to tackling self-stigmatization. This paper presents a novel therapeutic intervention for reducing self-stigma in children, adolescents, and their families through …

The Role Of Awareness In Traumatic Brain Injuries: Interviews With Experts, Dominique Chao

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Approximately 2.8 million US citizens sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) annually, with more than 275,000 requiring inpatient rehabilitation (Taylor, Bell & Breiding, 2013). As rehabilitation techniques are refined and adapted to increase the speed of recovery and functional independence following TBIs, there is an ongoing need for better prognostic assessment tools. Research has shown that a lack of self-awareness following TBI is associated with poorer outcomes (e.g. employability, community reintegration) following discharge from inpatient hospitalizations (Cheng & Man, 2006; Robertson & Schmitter, 2016) and can result in decreased motivation (Simmonds & Fleming, 2003), compromised safety, poor community re-integration, and …

Access Law Schools & Diversifying The Profession, Deseriee A. Kennedy

Scholarly Works

Lawyers do not reflect the racial diversity in the United States. The legal profession continues to struggle with ways to achieve and maintain racial diversity. Law schools play a critical role in the path to practice, and therefore an examination of the barriers to the profession they created is warranted. This essay critiques the over-reliance on standardized testing in law school admissions and advocates for an open admissions process that prioritizes racial and academic diversity. It suggests that the benefits of minimizing the role of standardized tests far outweigh any perceived costs in legal education. This essay concludes that the …

An Expanded Catalogue Of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies In The Coma Cluster Using Subaru/Suprime-Cam, Adebusola B. Alabi, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Duncan A. Forbes, Jean P. Brodie, Nobuhiro Okabe

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We present a catalogue of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in the Coma cluster obtained from deep Subaru/Suprime-Cam V- and R-band imaging data within a region of -4 deg2. We increase the number of LSB galaxies presented in Yagi et al. (2016) by a factor of -3 and report the discovery of 29 new ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs). We compile the largest sample of UDGs with colours and structural parameters in the Coma cluster. While most UDGs lie along the red-sequence relation of the colour–magnitude diagram, -16 per cent are outside (bluer or redder) the red-sequence region of Coma cluster galaxies. …

Effect Of Geometrical Properties On Strength Of Externally Prestressed Steel-Concrete Composite Beams, Anwar B. Abu-Sena, Ibrahim G. Shaaban, Mohamed S. Soliman, Khaled Abd Allah Mohamed Gharib

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A parametric study was carried out to investigate the structural behaviour of composite steel-concrete T-beams under different prestressing conditions. The studied parameters include different cases of loading, tendon profiles, beam spans, initial prestressing levels and different dimensions of steel sections and concrete deck. The studied beams were modelled by the finite-element software Ansys. The effect of three geometrical parameters was investigated for three different tendon profiles. It was found that straight tendon profiles are more appropriate for beams under distributed loads, whereas a draped tendon profile is more convenient for beams under concentrated loads. In addition, the ratio of the …

Is It Permissible To Teach Buddhist Mindfulness Meditation In A Critical Thinking Course?, Anand Jayprakash Vaidya

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This essay argues for the permissibility of teaching Buddhist mindfulness meditation in a critical thinking course. One might object that Buddhist mindfulness meditation is part of a religion, and religions are thought to be dogmatic and uncritical, and thus inappropriate for a critical thinking course. However, I argue that there is a pathway from the importance of self-regulation for good critical thinking to the permissibility of including mindfulness meditation in a critical thinking course. I offer three arguments for the permissibility of inclusion: the self-regulation argument, the expansion by way of cognitive science argument, and the persistence through emotional volatility …

The Assembly History Of The Nearest S0 Galaxy Ngc 3115 From Its Kinematics Out To Six Half-Light Radii, Arianna Dolfi, Duncan A. Forbes, Warrick J. Couch, Anna Ferre-Mateu, Sabine Bellstedt, Kenji Bekki, Jonathan Diaz, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Jean P. Brodie

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Using new and archival data, we study the kinematic properties of the nearest field S0 galaxy, NGC 3115, out to ∼6.5 half-light radii (Re) from its stars (integrated starlight), globular clusters (GCs), and planetary nebulae (PNe). We find evidence of three kinematic regions with an inner transition at ∼0.2 Re from a dispersion-dominated bulge (Vrot/σ < 1) to a fast-rotating disc (Vrot/σ > 1), and then an additional transition from the disc to a slowly rotating spheroid at ∼ 2-2.5Re, as traced by the red GCs and PNe (and possibly by the blue GCs beyond ∼ 5Re). From comparison with simulations, we propose an assembly history in which …

Globular Clusters In Coma Cluster Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (Udgs): Evidence For Two Types Of Udg?, Duncan A. Forbes, Adebusola Alabi, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Jean P. Brodie, Nobuo Arimoto

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) reveal extreme properties. Here, we compile the largest study to date of 85 globular cluster (GC) systems around UDGs in the Coma cluster, using new deep ground-based imaging of the known UDGs and existing imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope of their GC systems. We find that the richness of GC systems in UDGs generally exceeds that found in normal dwarf galaxies of the same stellar mass. These GC-rich UDGs imply haloes more massive than expected from the standard stellar mass–halo mass relation. The presence of such overly massive haloes presents a significant challenge to the latest …

Mud Frontiers, Virginia San Fratello, Ronald Rael

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Unstructured Data For Cybersecurity And Internal Control, Jesus Canelón, Esperanza Huerta, Normal Leal, Terry Ryan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This paper proposes a research framework for studying the connections-realized and potential-between unstructured data (UD) and cybersecurity and internal controls. In the framework, cybersecurity and internal control goals determine the tasks to be conducted. The task influences the types of UD to be accessed and the types of analysis to be done, which in turn influences the outcomes that can be achieved. Patterns in UD are relevant for cybersecurity and internal control, but UD poses unique challenges for its analysis and management. This paper discusses some of these challenges including veracity, structuralizing, bias, and explainability.

Ethereum As A Hedge: The Intraday Analysis, A. Meshcheryakov, Stoyu Ivanov

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this study, we examine on intraday basis Ether-the token or cryptocurrency based on the Ethereum platform. Ether is the second largest crypto-currency, together with Bitcoin they dominate the cryptocurrency universe and account for almost 70% of combined market share. Similar to Bitcoin, Ethereum experienced rapid growth in price from a few cents per Ether after its introduction in 2015 reaching maximum of $1,432.88 on January 13, 2018. In this paper, we study whether Ethereum crypto-currency is a hedge, diversifier or a safe haven asset. We find that Ethereum crypto-currency is a hedge against the US stock and gold markets. …

A Public Health Law Path For Second Amendment Jurisprudence, Michael Ulrich

Faculty Scholarship

The two landmark gun rights cases, District of Columbia v. Heller and McDonald v. City of Chicago, came down in 2008 and 2010, respectively. In the decade that has followed, two things have become abundantly clear. First, these cases provide little clarity about the nature and scope of Second Amendment rights, resulting in chaos and circuit splits in the lower courts. Second, growing empirical evidence has revealed that, in the background of the debate on individual constitutional rights, a serious gun violence epidemic is intensifying around the country. In one corner, gun rights advocates worry that increased firearm regulation will …

Core Criminal Procedure, Steven Arrigg Koh

Faculty Scholarship

Constitutional criminal procedural rights are familiar to contemporary criminal law scholars and practitioners alike. But today, U.S. criminal justice may diverge substantially from its centuries-old framework when all three branches recognize only a core set of inviolable rights, implicitly or explicitly discarding others. This criminal procedural line drawing takes place when the U.S. criminal justice system engages in law enforcement cooperation with foreign criminal justice systems in order to advance criminal cases.

This Article describes the two forms of this criminal procedural line drawing. The first is a “core criminal procedure” approach, rooted in fundamental rights, that arises in the …

From Trulia To Akorn: A Ride On The Roller Coaster Of M&A Litigation, Pierluigi Matera, Ferruccio M. Sbarbaro

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, M&A litigation has experienced a dramatic increase, culminating with a peak in 2015, when over 96. of publicly announced mergers were challenged in a shareholder lawsuit. A large number of these lawsuits were frivolous and vexatious, since most claims were filed by plaintiffs' attorneys just to extract some fees with little effort. Some abusive practices emerged, signalling an alarming exploitation of the system. One scheme that plaintiffs' attorneys put in place was the disclosure-only settlement. There, the stockholders obtained some modest supplemental disclosures, the plaintiff's attorneys got significant fee awards from the defendant directors and the defendant …

Proper Conjugation Of Bodies: Chastity, Age, And Care Work In Sri Lankan Migrants’ Families, Michele Ruth Gamburd

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Physical and symbolic aspects of bodies limit the migration trajectories of female domestic workers from a Buddhist community in coastal Sri Lanka. Government regulations and family decisions regarding women’s overseas labour draw upon and in turn influence discourses about gender, sexuality, age, health, and class. This ethnographic analysis illustrates that local norms task women with nurturing the brains of babies, preserving the chastity of teenage daughters, caring for frail elders, and preventing their working-class husbands from overindulging in liquor or having sex with other women. Successful social reproduction depends on the proper conjunctions of bodies in the extended family. Corporeal …

“Their Markers As They Go”: Modified Trees As Waypoints In The Dena’Ina Cultural Landscape, Alaska, Douglas Deur, Jamie Hebert

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Inland Dena’ina, an Athabaskan people of south-central Alaska, produce and value Culturally Modified Trees (CMTs) in myriad ways. Ethnographic interviews and field visits conducted with Inland Dena’ina residents of the village of Nondalton, Alaska, reveal the centrality of CMTs in the creation and valuation of an Indigenous cultural landscape. CMTs serve as waypoints along trails, as Dena’ina people travel across vast distances to hunt wide-ranging caribou herds and fish salmon ascending rivers from Bristol Bay. CMTs also provide bark and sap used in Dena’ina material culture and medicines, leaving signature marks upon the spruce, birch, and other trees found …

Between “Us” And “Them”: Political Subjectivities In The Shadows Of The 2018 Brazilian Election, Charles H. Klein, Milena Mateuzi Carmo, Alessandra Tavares

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article examines political subjectivities, community engagements and voting practices among residents of São Paulo’s Zona Sul peripheries in the three years preceding Brazil’s 2018 presidential election. Building on a 398-person household survey, 46 in-depth interviews, and extensive participation observation over the course of a fouryear study, we argue that although most residents of our study communities across the political spectrum are disenchanted with institutional politics, many maintain political engagement through their everyday lives, including activism centered on intersectional identities and state-sponsored violence/genocide. Our discussion combines statistical analysis and auto-ethnographic inflected vignettes and is in dialogue with two common themes …

Environmental Law, Jocelyn Stacey

All Faculty Publications

In commemoration of their 50th anniversary, this chapter examines the Federal Courts’ role in shaping environmental law in Canada. The chapter uses well-known environmental principles – the precautionary principle, sustainable development and access to (environmental) justice – as focal points for examining environmental law as well as the legal culture of the Federal Courts. The chapter identifies four distinct interpretive roles that the Federal Courts have ascribed to the precautionary principle and it argues that three of these roles have the potential to generate more coherent and transparent doctrine that upholds the rule of law in the environmental context. In …

Responsible Scholarship In A Crisis: A Plea For Fairness In Academic Discourse On The Carbon Pricing References, Stepan Wood, Meinhard Doelle, Dayna Nadine Scott

All Faculty Publications

The Canadian federal government’s carbon pricing legislation has generated substantial public and academic debate. In this paper we argue that academic debate should adhere to standards for responsible conduct of research during crises such as the current climate emergency, and avoid the nastiness and distortion that infect populist political rhetoric and social media. We discuss the norms of responsible scholarship that apply to Canadian legal academics, with a focus on standards that demand scrupulous fairness to other scholars and to the materials one is analyzing. We argue that a recent article by Professor Dwight Newman on the Saskatchewan and Ontario …