Digital Commons Network^™

Development And Preliminary Psychometric Testing Of The Aaspire Adult Autism Healthcare Provider Self-Efficacy Scale, Christina Nicolaidis, Gavin Schnider, Junghee Lee, Dora Raymaker, Steven K. Kapp, Lisa A. Croen, Anna Urbanowicz, Joelle Maslak

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Our objective was to develop a measure of healthcare providers’ self-efficacy in providing healthcare to autistic adults and to better understand their training needs. We used a community based participatory research (CBPR) approach with academic researchers, autistic adults, supporters, and healthcare providers. We developed a 1-page questionnaire which included the new 6-item self-efficacy scale, two items on how challenging and rewarding it is to provide care to autistic adults, and seven items on provider characteristics. We surveyed 143 healthcare providers from eight primary care clinics in Oregon and California, USA. Preliminary psychometric testing found the AASPIRE Adult Autism Healthcare Provider …

Psychometric Testing Of Patient-Reported Instruments To Assess Healthcare Interventions For Autistic Adults, Christina Nicolaidis, Kelly Zhen, Junghee Lee, Dora Raymaker, Steven K. Kapp, Lisa A. Croen, Anna Urbanowicz, Joelle Maslak, Mirah L. Scharer

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

There is a growing recognition of the need for interventions to improve the healthcare of autistic adults. However, there is a dearth of validated measures to evaluate such interventions. Our objectives were to use a community based participatory research approach to create an accessible set of patient- and proxy-reported instruments to measure healthcare outcomes and potential intervention targets in autistic adults and to assess the instruments’ psychometric characteristics, including content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency reliability. We administered a survey to 244 autistic adults recruited from 12 primary care clinics in Oregon and California, USA (194 participating directly, and …

Syrian Refugees’ Perspectives And Service Providers’ Viewpoints On Major Needs And Future Plans In Jordan, Mitra Naseh, Natalia Liviero, Maryam Rafieifar, Zahra Abtahi, Miriam Potocky

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The ongoing civil war in Syria created the world’s largest refugee crisis since World War II. As exile continues for many Syrians, this study aimed to explore what refugees perceive as their major needs and plans for the future in comparison to what service providers believe is needed and should be planned in Jordan. Phenomenological design and inductive reasoning were used in this study to explore refugees’ needs and future plans from the etic view by interviewing key informants and from the emic view by analyzing interviews with refugees. After coding and comparing the key informants’ interviews and refugees’ narratives, …

It’S About Time: Staff Support Contacts And Mentor Volunteer Experiences, Thomas E. Keller, Alison Drew, Hyuny Clark-Shim, Renee Spencer, Carla Herrera

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Formal youth mentoring programs typically rely on volunteers to serve as mentors to young people, with training and guidance from agency staff. A fundamental program practice is to provide ongoing support and supervision to volunteer mentors by engaging in regular contact to monitor the progress of the mentoring relationship and offer guidance and encouragement. Using data from mentors (n = 504) in multiple mentoring programs (n = 55), the current study investigated how the amount of time devoted to these match support contacts was associated with mentor perceptions regarding the nature of their volunteer experience, specifically: the quality of supervision …

Learned Lessons: Growing Social Workers’ Preparation For Upstream Policy Practice, Ann Curry-Stevens, Lisa Hawash, Sarah Bradley

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over the last 10 years, the MSW program at Portland State University has gone from graduating 15% of its students in the macro concentration, to 32%, while the national average remains under 9%. This article traces that experience through a historically-grounded narrative line, and extracts learnings that are potentially relevant for the profession. Curricular practices include reviewing the content for horizontal and vertical integration, introducing macro content early in the first year of the program with sufficient time to inform students’ choice of concentrations, and providing students influence to shape content in the advanced year. Faculty specializations and community reputation …

Easa Connections: Community-Based Participatory Research To Develop A Peer-Based Early Psychosis Web Resource With Young Adults, Dora Raymaker, Tamara G. Sale, Mariam Rija, Nicholas Buekea, Nybelle Caruso, Ryan P. Melton, Natalie Cohrs, Veronica Gould, Christina Wall, Mirah L. Scharer

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Young adults (YA) who have experienced early psychosis (EP) have valuable information about their recovery process yet are often left out of research. We used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in partnership with the Early Assessment and Support Alliance (EASA) EP program and Portland State University to develop a peer-driven, web-based, recovery resource.We used our CBPR process to collaboratively develop the resource and conducted an iterative usability study to test and refine it. The resource was well-received and accessible. YA partners emphasize the importance of being prepared to learn about research and one’s self, being open to new experiences, …

Conceptual Paper For Re-Validating The Teacher Of Deafblind And Intervener Competencies, Susan Bruce, Cathy Nelson, Amy T. Parker, Debbie Sanders, Adam Graves, Carol Rimka

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

An overview of the standards for the role of Teacher of the Deafblind (TBD) and the paraprofessional Intervener.

Student Perspectives On Peer Supports In An Inclusive Postsecondary Education Context, Courtney Lane Wilt, Mary E. Morningstar

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This qualitative study investigates the experiences of students with intellectual disability with peer mentors at a large Midwestern inclusive postsecondary education program (IPSE). Participants were students with intellectual disability and peer mentors associated with the IPSE. Students with intellectual disability are valued as partners in developing and sustaining peer mentor supports and their perspectives are emphasized in this study. Data analysis reveals similarities and differences between the students with intellectual disability and peer mentors in their perceptions of friendship, college life, and support needs. Amount of time spent in the program also emerged as a factor in student and peer …

Exploring The Use Of An Occupational Interests Card Sort With Young Adults With Intellectual Disability: A Preliminary Stud, Sarah R. Carlson, Mary E. Morningstar, Arpita Ghosh, Vidya D. Munandar

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transition planning is the foundation for addressing post-secondary goals leading to improved outcomes. Transition assessments guide the transition planning process. Given the importance of transition assessment results, practitioners need access to measures supporting the active involvement of youth with intellectual disability. One such method is the occupational interests card sort. This study investigated the use of an occupational interests card sort with youth with intellectual disability, assessing its impact on their career decision self-efficacy. Results indicated that the occupational interests card sort influenced young adults’ ability to select career goals, as well as identify career themes beyond occupational interests.

An Ethnographic Study Exploring Factors That Minimize Lunch Waste In Tokyo Elementary Schools, Betty T. Izumi, Rie Akamatsu, Carmen Byker Shanks, Kahori Fujisaki

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: To explore factors that minimize lunch waste in Tokyo elementary schools and to consider how such factors can be modified and applied in US schools.

Design: Focused ethnographic study using interviews, observation, participant observation and document review. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Setting: Tokyo, Japan.

Participants: Five school dietitians participated in the study. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, observation of nutrition education lessons, participant observation of school lunchtime and review of relevant school documents (e.g. lunch menus, food waste records).

Results: Five themes emerged from the analysis: (i) reinforcement of social norms …

Rapid Deployment Of A Statewide Covid-19 Echo Program For Frontline Clinicians: Early Results And Lessons Learned, Anna Louise Steeves-Reece, Nancy Elder, Tuesday A. Graham, Miriam L. Wolf, Isabel Stock, Melinda M. Davis, Robert D. Stock

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

In a pattern repeated around the country, Oregon reported its first coronavirus patient on February 28, 2020.1 A week later, the governor declared a state of emergency.2 While the media initially focused on efforts to address COVID-19 in large cities, many rural communities were working in parallel to prepare. In these rural areas, there was an increasing concern that the burden of COVID-19 may be particularly dire due to factors such as older populations, higher prevalence of chronic diseases and poverty, and less health care access.3-6 Rural clinicians, especially those working in outpatient settings, are caring for patients during the …

Using Facebook For Qualitative Research: A Brief Primer, Daschel Franz, Heather Elizabeth Marsh, Jason Chen, Alan R. Teo

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

As Facebook continues to grow its number of active users, the potential to harness data generated by Facebook users also grows. As much of Facebook users’ activity consists of creating (and commenting on) written posts, the potential use of text data for research is enormous. However, conducting a content analysis of text from Facebook users requires adaptation of research methods used for more traditional sources of qualitative data. Furthermore, best practice guidelines to assist researchers interested in conducting qualitative studies using data derived from Facebook are lacking. The purpose of this primer was to identify opportunities, as well as potential …

Challenging Aggressive Behaviors Experienced By Personal Support Workers In Comparison To Home Care Workers: Relationships Between Caregiver Experiences And Psychological Health, Kelsey N. Womack, Teala W. Alvord, Caitlyn F. Trullinger-Dwyer, Sean P.M. Rice, Ryan Olson

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Personal support workers (PSW) are caregivers for children and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) or adults experiencing mental illness or other behavioral health conditions. The work can be very meaningful, but many PSWs must prepare for, monitor, and manage challenging behaviors, including aggression. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of aggression experienced by PSWs in Oregon, and compare it to a previous sample of Oregon home care workers (HCWs). This comparison included an analysis of relationships between exposures to aggression and psychological health factors. PSWs in Oregon (N = 240) were surveyed electronically at a single …

Strong Men, Strong Communities: Design Of A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Diabetes Prevention Intervention For American Indian And Alaska Native Men, Ka‘Imi Sinclair, Cara Carty, Kelly L. Gonzales, Cassandra Nikolaus, Lucas Gillespie, Dedra Buchwald

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Type 2 diabetes is a serious global epidemic that disproportionately affects disadvantaged populations. American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIs/ANs) have the highest rates of diabetes in the nation with a prevalence of 14.7% in 2018, more than twice that of non-Hispanic Whites. AI/AN men have the highest prevalence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes (14.5%) compared to non-Hispanic Black (11.4%), non-Hispanic Asian (10.0%), and non-Hispanic White (8.6%) men. Several landmark clinical trials have shown that lifestyle interventions can effectively prevent or delay the onset of diabetes among those at risk, including in AIs/ANs. Despite positive outcomes for AIs/ANs in these studies, …

There’S More To The Story: Both Individual And Collective Policy Narratives Can Increase Support For Community-Level Action, Chris Skurka, Jeff Niederdeppe, Liana Winett

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Narratives can convey the need or community-level action to address social problems. Yet narratives often tell stories about specific individuals rather than the broader collectives these problems affect. Some theorists argue that individualizing collective problems inhibits audiences from recognizing upstream causes and solutions. This study tested how narrative individualization (whether a story focuses on an individual case or a larger collective) might produce trade-offs when mobilizing support for community-level policies to address childhood obesity. We also investigated whether narratives using language congruent with political partisans’ morals (equity or loyalty) might minimize polarized responses to such narratives. A large, Web-based experiment …

Severability As Deregulation: The Construction Of A New Doctrine Through Affordable Care Act Litigation, George Horvath

Faculty Scholarship

Scholars have sharply criticized the plaintiffs' severability argument in the ongoing challenge to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), California v. Texas, as a flawed application of contemporary severability doctrine that would disrupt broad swaths of the U.S. healthcare system. This Article argues that the severability argument put forward by the Texas plaintiffs, as well as the District Court's severability analysis in that case, the Department of Justice's severability argument on appeal, and the severability argument made by the so-called "Joint Dissent" in National Federation of Business v. Sebelius together represent an emerging doctrinal alternative to the traditional, Alaska Airlines severability …

Off-Label Drug Risks: Toward A New Fda Regulatory Approach, George Horvath

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Sentenced To Surveillance: Fourth Amendment Limits On Electronic Monitoring, Kate Weisburd

Faculty Scholarship

As courts and legislatures increasingly recognize that “digital is different” and attempt to limit government surveillance of private data, one group is conspicuously excluded from this new privacy-protective discourse: the five million people in the United States on probation, parole, or other forms of community supervision. This Article is the first to explore how warrantless electronic surveillance is dramatically transforming community supervision and, as a result, amplifying a growing privacy-protection disparity: those in the criminal legal system are increasingly losing privacy protections even while those not in the system are increasingly gaining privacy protections. The quickly expanding use of GPS-equipped …

The Legal Reconstruction Of Walls: N.D. & N.T. V. Spain, 2017, 2020, Moria Paz

Faculty Scholarship

Recently, Western democracies have turned to building border walls as a strategy of immigration control. This Article makes two claims. First, human rights courts and quasi-judicial bodies are deeply implicated in this move. In the past decade or so, these institutions have been successful in both enforcing and creating new rights for asylum seekers and irregular migrants. They have used variants of access to guarantee hyper-protection to individual non-nationals who have either entered a host state or come under its effective control. This legal success has resulted in the unintended consequence of rendering wall-building a logical move for state prevention …

Covid-19, Equity, And The Future Of Education: A Conversation Between Teacher Candidates, Shayna Glenn, Kadee Kall, Kate Ruebenson

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

When public schools closed in March 2020 due to COVID-19, A1, A2, and A3 were headed into the full-time student teaching segment of their year-long teacher preparation practicum experience. While everyone has faced uncertainty during the pandemic, these beginning teachers also shared unique challenges. In April they came together for a conversation with a NWJTE editor to talk about their experiences, the obstacles and opportunities facing schools right now, and their hopes for their students and themselves. All three envision a 2020-2021 school year focused on equity, inclusivity, and the importance of access for all children.

Responding To Student Teachers' Fears: How We're Adjusting During The Covid-19 Shutdowns, Jeremy Delamarter, Mary Ewart

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

The COVID-19 epidemic has wrought havoc on both K-12 education and teacher preparation, to say nothing of society in general. For many of our candidates, the normal fears and anxieties that surround student teaching have been magnified to the point of that even our most promising student teachers feel overwhelmed and panicked. In this article, we reflect on the need for teacher educators to acknowledge and respond to their candidates' fears. We outline some of the individual, pedagogical, and programmatic adjustments that we have made in wake of the COVID shutdowns. We conclude by acknowledging that these adjustments are part …

Oregon Manufacturing Extension Partnership: Economic Impact Analysis -- January 2020 Update, Emma Willingham, Hoang The Nguyen, Katelyn Kelley, Northwest Economic Research Center

Northwest Economic Research Center Publications and Reports

The Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), founded in 1988, is a network of non-profit agencies staffed by industry professionals and consultants. Historically, MEP has sought to increase the competitiveness of small to mid-size enterprises (which as a group comprise 99% of all U.S. manufacturing firms) by providing expert guidance and access to resources. In recent years, the severe economic recession sparked increased interest in the strength of the manufacturing sector, due to its longtime status as one of the major drivers of the domestic economy. Oregon Manufacturing Extension Partnership (OMEP), the Oregon branch of MEP, works to provide data-driven analysis …

Effectiveness Of Focused Water Conservation Messaging In The Clackamas River, Or, Rikki Carroll Oden

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

The Clackamas River in Oregon is a drinking water source for upwards of 300,000 people living in the Portland metro region. This river experiences seasonal low flow during the annual dry season throughout summer and early fall when endangered salmon species return to the river to spawn. This dry season also coincides with the highest period of urban water use. Since precipitation is minimal at this time, water users choose to water their lawns to make up for the lack of rain which contributes to water use tripling during the driest part of the year. To promote local water conservation, …

Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis And Recommendations For Metro, Kirsten Wright

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

Imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority due to the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species such as Oregon state-listed endangered pale larkspur (Delphinium leucophaeum). Previously dominant in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now under significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments.

Over the past 150 years, conversion to agriculture, urban development and fire suppression have dramatically reduced and degraded Oregon white oak habitat. Climate change has now emerged as an additional threat, causing observable shifts in plant phenology. In fragile oak …

Image And Storytelling New Approaches To Hispanic Cinema And Literature, Gina Herrmann, Isabel Jaén Portillo

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

This special issue of Periphērica, Image and Storytelling: New Approaches to Hispanic Cinema and Literature, features leading research by scholars of Hispanic cultures at the crossroads of literature, film, mind, and society. The collection showcases cutting-edge fields and themes including cognitive studies, affect studies, embodiment, and empathy, as well as new perspectives on adaptation, film typology, film teaching, gender, and genre. The research presented in this special issue underscores the excitement produced by crossing disciplinary boundaries in the study of verbal and visual narratives, moving beyond prevalent transnational approaches that do not sufficiently address key factors in the creation and …

Health Care Professionals’ Compliance To Tracheal Suctioning Policy At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Rozina Khimani, Fauziya Ali, Salma Amin Rattani, Mohammad Sohail Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: To assess the compliance of tracheal suctioning practices against the standard guidelines of a tertiary care hospital, with regard to the participants’ professional characteristics.
Methods: Using cross sectional study design, forty health care professionals (HCPs) were assessed twice, using a quantitative structured observational design, for tracheal suctioning practices, in one of the surgical care units of the tertiary care hospital. Tracheal suctioning policy which was used as a tool, its inter-rater reliability was tested and each step showed the Kappa value of 0.65 to 1.000. Data was analyzed using epidata info version 3.5.1 and SPSS version 19.
Results: From …

Wage Differences Matter: An Experiment Of Social Comparison And Effort Provision When Wages Increase Or Decrease, Jose A. Rojas-Fallas, J. Forrest Williams

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wage rates, efficiency wages, and gift exchange in a labor market are all crucial aspects in regard to designing contracts to ensure high effort from workers. We extend this literature by discussing the relationship between known differences in wages (social comparison) and workers’ effort provision. We conduct an experiment in which subjects perform effort tasks for piece-rates. All subjects are paid the same wage rate in the first half of the experiment, but in the second half are paid different wage rates; the primary variable we study is the information about others’ wage rates given to a subset of subjects. …

Association Of Use Of Rehabilitation Services With Development Of Dementia Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Analysis Of Domestic Data In Taiwan, Ming-Chi Lu, Hanoch Livneh, Chieh-Tsung Yen, Hua-Lung Huang, Miao-Chiu Lin, Shu-Wen Yen, Ning-Sheng Lai, Tzung-Yi Tsai

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was found to trigger the higher risk of dementia. Limited information, however, is available on whether the use of rehabilitation services (RS), an integral part of healthcare programs, can lessen dementia risk for RA subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of RS use to the development of dementia in RA patients.

Methods: We identified 2,927 newly diagnosed patients with RA, 20–70 years of age between 1998 and 2007, from a national health insurance database. 965 patients from this sample received RS, and 1,962 patients were designated as a control group (non-RS …

Pregnancy And Lactation In A 67-Year-Old Elderly Gravida Following Donor Oocyte, Leila Magistrado, Mary C Tolcher, Anju Suhag, Sonal Zambare, Kjersti M Aagaard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is limited data on the anticipated perinatal course among gravidae in their sixth and seventh decades. Our objective was to describe the relatively uncomplicated prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum course of a 67-year-old essential primigravida. Briefly, our patient conceived a singleton pregnancy via IVF with donor oocytes, then presented at 13 6/7 weeks of gestation to initiate prenatal care. Her medical history was significant for chronic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Her cardiac function was monitored throughout pregnancy, and she delivered at 36 1/7 weeks by cesarean for a decline in left ventricular function with mitral regurgitation. Her intrapartum and postpartum …

Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury, Sam D Gumbert, Felix Kork, Maisie L Jackson, Naveen Vanga, Semhar J Ghebremichael, Christy Y Wang, Holger K Eltzschig

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Perioperative organ injury is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality of surgical patients. Among different types of perioperative organ injury, acute kidney injury occurs particularly frequently and has an exceptionally detrimental effect on surgical outcomes. Currently, acute kidney injury is most commonly diagnosed by assessing increases in serum creatinine concentration or decreased urine output. Recently, novel biomarkers have become a focus of translational research for improving timely detection and prognosis for acute kidney injury. However, specificity and timing of biomarker release continue to present challenges to their integration into existing diagnostic regimens. Despite many clinical trials using various …