Digital Commons Network^™

Ban Of Cosmetic Testing On Animals: A Brief Overview, D. Sreedhar, N. Manjula, Ajay Pise, Shilpa Pise

Open Access archive

Introduction: Animals have been used in biomedical researchfor many years because they are considered as important experi-mental subjects due to their physiological similarity to human beings. Cosmetics are considered to be luxury products; they are not part of the essential commodity. Testing cosmetic ingredients on animals is primarily to check whether the product is safe for human use. Due to the increased concern for animals, to protect them from unnecessary pain and injuries many countries have passed,enacted Act made Rules and Regulations. Objective: In the present study an attempt was made to explore various country statuses that have banned, in …

Immune Control Of Animal Growth In Homeostasis And Nutritional Stress In Drosophila, Preethi P, Ajay Tomar, Sukanya Madhwal, Tina Mukherjee

Open Access archive

A large body of research implicates the brain and fat body (liver equivalent) as central players in coordinating growth and nutritional homeostasis in multicellular animals. In this regard, an underlying connection between immune cells and growth is also evident, although mechanistic understanding of this cross-talk is scarce. Here, we explore the importance of innate immune cells in animal growth during homeostasis and in conditions of nutrient stress. We report that Drosophila larvae lacking blood cells eclose as small adults and show signs of insulin insensitivity. Moreover, when exposed to dietary stress of a high-sucrose diet (HSD), these animals are further …

Genomic-Based Identification Of Environmental And Clinical Listeria Monocytogenes Strains Associated With An Abortion Outbreak In Beef Heifers, Katherine J. Whitman, James L. Bono, Michael L. Clawson, John D. Loy, Joseph M. Bosilevac, Terrance M. Arthur, Jeff D. Ondrak

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: In a beef cattle facility an outbreak of abortions occurred over a 36-day period and included samples from two aborted (non-viable) fetuses and 21 post-abortion clinical cases. There are numerous etiologies, including clinical listeriosis. At the species level, Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous in cattle production environments, including soil, feed, and occasionally water sources, and is a common enteric resident of cattle and other mammals. There are four genetically distinct lineages of L. monocytogenes (I-IV), with most lineage III and IV isolates obtained from ruminants. Definitive diagnosis of L. monocytogenes as a causative agent in disease outbreaks relies upon case …

Formulating The International Tax Debate: Where Does Formulary Apportionment Fit?, Itai Grinberg

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

As the contributions in this volume are being written, the Inclusive Framework nations, a group drawn together by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as part of its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project, are in the midst of a consultation process intended to revise the international corporate tax profit allocation and nexus rules. At the end of May 2019, the OECD released its Programme of Work to Develop a Consensus Solution to the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. At the beginning of June 2019, this Programme was endorsed by the G20 …

Appealing To Human Intuitions To Reduce Animal Abuse, Yzar S. Wehbe, Todd K. Shackelford

Animal Sentience

Social scientists may be able to find ways to positively affect people’s evolved moral compasses, thereby doing the planet and its inhabitants a great kindness. They could help to shape a constituency that is increasingly opposed to animal abuse in its largest-scale manifestations, factory farming and wet markets. This would, in turn, motivate people to elect ethical leaders who view inaction with regard to animal abuse as a serious moral and medical mistake, if only indirectly due to factory farming’s exacerbation of the threats zoonoses pose to humans.

Reinforcing Boundaries Does Not Contribute To Change, Julie Urbanik

Animal Sentience

In prescribing blanket policy bans around wildlife and industrial animal farming as a protective response to the Covid-19 pandemic, Wiebers & Feigin ignore the geographical context of their bans and reinforce problematic boundaries between nature and human society, human cultural groups, and animal-related industries.

Rethinking Early Modern Sexuality Through Race, Mario Digangi

Publications and Research

When English Literary Renaissance launched in 1971, early modern sexuality studies did not exist. Then again, neither did the feminist, new historicist, post-colonialist, or other “political” approaches that have significantly reshaped early modern literary studies (and the humanities) over the last forty years. Yet whereas feminist and new historicist essays began thickly to populate the pages of Renaissance journals in the early 1980s, studies of sexuality—and of lesbian, gay, or queer sexualities in particular—were slow to arrive. During the 1980s, ELR published only a handful of essays that centered on sex or eroticism. The first explicit treatment of homoeroticism in …

Resource Ecologies, Political Economies And The Ethics Of Audio Technologies In The Anthropocene, Eliot Bates

Publications and Research

Understanding how recorded and amplified stage musics contribute towards producing the Anthropocene necessitates attending to complex transnational flows of material, capital and labor, and how they coalesce into technological objects. This is complicated by the wide array of sites, practices and knowledges involved during various stages of the production process, from initial resource extraction, to smelting, component manufacturing, technology assembly, and distribution. To develop a suitable technological ethics, and to understand what happens to environments and to human, animal and plant lifeworlds, requires one to resist abstraction and undertake a global accounting of resource ecologies with recourse to planetary-scale political …

The Economic Impacts Of Soil Remediation Efforts At Lead Arsenate Contaminated Sites In Yakima County: A Hedonic Approach, Seth Urbanski

All Master's Theses

Area-wide lead-arsenate contamination stemming from the widespread use of pesticides in the early 1900s poses a serious health risk to the residents of Yakima, Washington. Soil testing for contaminants resulted in the Department of Ecology funding the remediation of 6 elementary schools in Yakima, Washington where unsafe levels of lead and arsenic were found in the topsoil. This study will evaluate the impact that these remediation projects have had on nearby real estate values through the use of GIS analysis and multivariate hedonic pricing models. We expect to find a negative price effect on real estate values following the announcement …

Early Life History And Stock Discrimination Of Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) In An Alpine Lake Environment, Alexandra Mccarrel

All Master's Theses

This study examines an ecologically and recreationally important population of kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) residing in Keechelus Lake and its tributary Gold Creek in the central Cascades of Washington State. This population of kokanee salmon is a vital food base for a population of ESA-listed resident bull trout. However, little is known about the early life history of this population and how it interacts with unique features in its rearing environment. With my research I described the early life history of kokanee salmon that spawn in the lake’s main tributary, Gold Creek, and proposed a framework to determine …

Certification Comes Of Age: Reflections On The Past, Present And Future Of Cooperative Judicial Federalism, Kenneth F. Ripple

Journal Articles

In 1995, the American Judicature Society (AJS) undertook a comprehensive survey of certification. This Article uses the AJS’s survey as a starting point to examine the development of certification over the past twenty-five years. Were the fears of its critics well founded, or have the federal and state judiciaries adapted to mitigate the shortcomings of certification? Has certification been a useful tool in allowing for development of state law by the state judiciary, or has it been an imposition on the judiciary of a coequal sovereign?

Beyond these questions, this Article also will look at how certification has expanded beyond …

First Amendment “Harms”, Stephanie H. Barclay

Journal Articles

Refuting the unhelpful fixation on the mere presence of generic harm, this Article makes two important contributions, one descriptive and one normative. First, this Article carefully describes the nuanced ways that courts classify and weigh different types of harm, and it identifies three categories: (1) prohibited harms (meaning harms that are categorically impermissible); (2) probative harms (meaning relevant harms that can be balanced against other harms); and (3) inadmissible harms (meaning harms that are given no weight regardless of how severely or disproportionately they are experienced by third parties). This Article demonstrates how these categories of harm are not limited …

Evaluation Of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Products Under Controlled Environmental Conditions, Yi Ji, Bob Mccullouch, Zhi Zhou

JTRP Technical Reports

Snow and ice removal are important tasks during the winter season and large amounts of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals are used and there is a critical need to review and synthesize information from the literature to compare and contrast anti-icing and de-icing chemicals to understand their environmental impact and support decision making. The effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact of commonly used and alternative anti-icing and de-icing chemicals were reviewed in this study. Application of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals may increase ion concentrations in soils and change nitrogen cycle, soil pH, and trace metal concentrations, affect surface water and groundwater, and …

Growland, Lelia Moskowitz

Fiction and Poetry

In 2002, Celeste flees the city and the latest disaster in her marriage. Looking for refuge in the remote hills of Northern California, she unwittingly immerses herself and her innocent daughters in a community of illicit marijuana growers. With nowhere else to go, Celeste scrambles to find safety and stability for her and her daughters in an isolated realm of secrets and silence.

A Comparative Analysis Of The Similar Word-Formation Processes In English And Arabic, Tareq Abdo Abdullah Al-Hamidi, Milana Abbasova, Azad Mammadov

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper sets out on a comparative analysis of similar word-formation processes in English and Arabic. In doing so, it hopes to emerge and serve as subsequent and reliable, albeit partial, reference material for English and Arabic linguistics, especially in reference to linguistic structures. The framework herein for the study and analysis of word-formation processes in both languages may also be applied in future studies and other genres, corpora, and texts. This study enriches the research findings and meta-theory in the field of linguistics, contributing to the current linguistic intellectualism trends. The specific processes discussed are acronyms, antonomasia, backformation, blending, …

Influencing Neurological Physiotherapy Practice Through Academic Education: A Commentary, F. Mcleod, J. Freeman

School of Health Professions

© Hippocampus Verlag 2019 The academization of physiotherapy education in the United Kingdom has steadily evolved since validation of the first degree programme in 1976. This commentary provides a synopsis of the impact of this transition from a vocational qualification to an academic degree which places a heavy emphasis on critical thinking and evidence based practice. It reflects on how this is demonstrating to be an important driver for shaping the future of physiotherapy practice.

Land Management And Plant Species Pattern Effects On Grassland Pollinator Services, Leslie Blaine Yellow Hammer

Theses and Dissertations

Invertebrate pollinator populations are widely recognized as declining because of anthropogenic activities that include changes in the amount and quality of available habitat, competition with introduced species, increased agricultural chemical use, and climate change. Because habitat and resource availability affect pollinator populations, land management may affect pollinator presence. My first aim was to determine if pollinator communities and habitat characteristics (available bare ground and floral resources) differed between grazed and idle grasslands within the Grand Forks County Grasslands of northeastern North Dakota, USA. Although available bare ground and plant species richness differed between grassland types, floral resources and pollinator communities …

Evaluating Mixed-Mode Survey Designs For Collecting Deer And Fall Turkey Hunter Harvest Data In North Dakota, Ethan James Kalinowski

Theses and Dissertations

Achieving state wildlife agency biological goals for deer (Odocoileus spp.) and turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) rely on high quality data collection via hunter harvest surveys. Concomitantly, better information is needed to optimize best survey methods. From 2017 to 2019, we surveyed North Dakota, USA, deer and fall turkey hunters using a self-administered mail control survey and 3 mixed-mode internet/mail surveys to gain a better understanding of alternative survey designs that may be used to estimate harvest of game populations and inform future management efforts. Our first objective was to measure response rates across various segments of deer and fall turkey hunters …

Interferon-Γ Medaites Lung Damage Through The Hyper-Activation Of Ccr2+ Inflammatory Monocytes During Influenza Virus Infection, Mitchell Anthony Klomp

Theses and Dissertations

Influenza viruses (IV) have caused untold morbidity and mortality throughout the previous centuries. These viruses have caused several pandemics that have witnessed the loss of millions of lives. Today, IVs continue to circulate annually, and the efficacy of influenza virus vaccines are limited. As IV pandemics in 1918, 1957, and 2009 have shown the world, the push for a universal influenza vaccine has never been more relevant. While much research has been devoted to understanding the virology around IVs, the immunopathology of the host-pathogen axis has been less studied. Recently, there has been much attention on the role of the …

Contribution Of Intestinal Dysfunction To Alzheimer’S Disease Progression, Mona Sohrabi Thompson

Theses and Dissertations

Longer life expectancies, due to advanced medical care, social, and environmental conditions, helped increase the number and percentage of Americans aging to ≥85. The number of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) age 65 or older is projected to be 7.1 and 13.8 million by 2025 and 2050, respectively. The total annual health care expense for AD patients is estimated to increase from $290 billion in 2019 to more than $1.1 trillion in 2050 (Association, 2019). Conclusively, AD is expected to become a more common cause of death and a major public health predicament due to aging of the baby boom …

An Exploration Of Indigenous Spiritual Microaggressions, Cerynn Dawn Desjarlais

Theses and Dissertations

This descriptive exploratory research is amongst the first to investigate Spiritual Microaggressions experienced by Indigenous Peoples across North America. Microaggressions can further be conceptualized and categorized as microassaults, microinsults, and microinvalidations. Participants who self-identify as Indigenous individuals ages 18 and over, from North America, who work in or are educated in the mental health field engaged in 60-90-minute interviews to explore the spiritual microaggressions incurred upon them. A total of 8 participants who identify as mental health professionals and graduate students in the mental health field were interviewed as an intensity sample. Participants discussed the implications of Indigenous Spiritual Microaggressions …

At-Home Childcare Providers’ Perceptions Of Gardening With Children, Erin Lauckner

Theses and Dissertations

Children do not consume recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, which has been correlated with negative health consequences. Gardening with children has been shown to positively impact children’s consumption of these foods. While research investigating gardening with children exists, much of this has been conducted with teachers and children in schools, and limited research has been conducted with childcare providers and preschool-aged children. Little research has been conducted about this topic with in-home childcare providers and the children under their care. This pilot study utilized a cross-sectional mixed methods research design through an online survey instrument. A convenience sample of …

Electron Beam Irradiation As A Potential Lipid Decontamination Technique For Life Detection Instruments, Denise Kathleen Buckner

Theses and Dissertations

In the search for extraterrestrial life, identification of molecular biosignatures is a key technique. Lipids are important molecular biosignatures: they are ubiquitous to terrestrial life, survive for billions of years in the geologic record, can form biotically and abiotically (bearing molecular features indicating biogenicity), and are detected throughout the Solar System. Lipid-based life detection instruments require stringent contamination control to prevent false positives, but traditional decontamination techniques are unlikely to sufficiently remove lipid contamination without compromising instrument materials. This thesis investigates Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) as a potential decontamination technique; five representative lipid standards, including palmitic acid, oleic acid, heneicosane, …

Race, Caste, And Hunger, Ramya Jawahar Kudekallu

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Class Action Mechanisms In The Comparative Contexts: A Law And Economics Perspective, Jing-Huey Shao

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

“Judicial Role” And Judicial Duty In Foreign Affairs, Ryan C. Williams

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Dietary Decision-Making Process Of Women In Nigeria, Gachomo Joanne Mapis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nigerians have been opting for a more processed Western diet. These changes in dietary choices have aligned with obesity and undernutrition, attributable to micronutrient deficiencies or malnutrition. Many scholars have presented varying intervention strategies ranging from consumption of a variety of foods containing the necessary micronutrients to food fortification. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to explore the perceptions of women in an urban city in Nigeria on indigenous foods and Western dietary influences to determine social interactions, the consequence of the interactions, and the women’s current perceptions of food choices. The social-ecological model was used to explore …

God’S Sovereignty Amidst Evil: A Defense Of The Complex Good Of The Christian God With Reference To C.S. Lewis, Sawyer C. Lake , '20

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

No abstract provided.

Multivariate Analysis Of Open Field Exploration Identifies Latent Spatial And Social Behavioral Axes In Domestic Dogs, Budhaditya Chowdhury, Moira Van Staaden, Robert Huber

Advanced Science Research Center

Recent methodological advances in studying large scale animal movements have let researchers gather rich datasets from behaving animals. Often collected in small sample sizes due to logistical constraints, these datasets are however, ideal for multivariate explorations into behavioral complexity. In behavioral studies of domestic dogs, although automated data loggers have recently seen increasing use, a comprehensive framework to identify complex behavioral axes is lacking. Dog behavioral studies frequently rely on subjective ratings, despite demonstrable evidence that these are insufficient for identifying behavioral variables. Taking advantage of dogs’ innate running abilities and readily available GPS data loggers, we extracted latitude-longitude coordinates …

Water Rising, Leila Philip

Sunday Short Reads

No abstract provided.