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Ancient Mesopotamian Music, The Politics Of Reconstruction, And Extreme Early Music, Samuel N. Dorf

Books and Book Chapters by University of Dayton Faculty

I write this piece primarily as a musicologist and amateur early music practitioner (viola da gamba player) who tries to understand the ways twentieth- and twenty-first century musicians and scholars have imagined and performed ancient music and dance. This essay emerged from my book project Performing Antiquity: Ancient Greek Music and Dance from Paris to Delphi, 1890-1935 and brings my training as a historical musicologist and dance historian to bear on issues typically of concern to archaeologists, classicists, and linguists.

While working on that book, I kept running across a number of individuals working now who are deeply engaged in …

Salcaprozate Sodium (Snac) Enhances Permeability Of Octreotide Across Isolated Rat And Human Intestinal Epithelial Mucosae In Ussing Chambers, Sarinj Fattah, Mohamed Ismaiel, Brenda Murphy, Aleksandra Rulikowska, Jesus Maria Frias, Desmond C. Winter, David J. Brayden

Articles

Octreotide is approved as a one-month injectable for treatment of acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumours. Oral delivery of the octapeptide is a challenge due mainly to low intestinal epithelial permeability. The intestinal permeation enhancer (PE) salcaprozate sodium (SNAC) has Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS) status and is a component of an approved oral peptide formulation. The purpose of the study was to examine the capacity of salcaprozate sodium (SNAC), to increase its permeability across isolated rat intestinal mucosae from five regions and across human colonic mucosae mounted in Ussing chambers. Apical-side buffers were Kreb's-Henseleit (KH), fasted simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF-V2), rat …

O'Kei: An American Novel (Annotated), Boris Pilnyak, Ronald D. Leblanc (Translator)

Faculty Publications

On January 4, 1931, Boris Pilnyak (1894-1938) wrote a letter to Joseph Stalin, pleading with the Soviet leader to grant him permission to travel to the United States in order to conduct research for an ambitious book project he was undertaking that would compare communist Russia favorably to capitalist America. Pilnyak’s request received official approval, and a few months later the writer set off for the U.S., arriving in New York by steamer on March 12, 1931, and remaining in the country until August 3, 1931. During his nearly five-month stay in America, Pilnyak became acquainted with a number of …

Drought Effects On Germination Rate Of Two Sagebrush Species, Artemisia Cana And Artemisia Arbusula, And Comparison Of Seed Counts Using A Photography App And Weighing, Sam S. Kelly, Cessair E. Mckinney

Environmental Science & Management Senior Capstones

Sagebrush steppe ecosystems have been impacted by climate change, grazing, and invasive plants. While some widespread sagebrush species have been well-studied, including big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), others like silver sagebrush (Artemisia cana) and low sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula) are understudied. To learn more about how to restore these important ecosystems, we conducted a germination study of two sagebrush species. We germinated seeds from A. cana in petri plates and in soil to compare the rates of germination in both methods, while A. arbuscula seeds were germinated only in petri plates. We also tested the efficiency …

Distribution, Relative Abundance, And Reproductive Output Of Spawning Female Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) In Offshore Waters Of The Gulf Of Mexico, Adam A. Kemberling, M. Zachary Darnell

Faculty Publications

Effective assessment and management of migratory species require an understanding of stock boundaries and habitat use during critical life history periods. The blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) is considered a primarily estuarine species and has traditionally been assessed and man-aged on a state basis, relying on abundance estimates derived from estuarine sampling. Females undertake a sea-ward spawning migration, and recent evidence indicates that coastal and offshore waters may provide important spawning habitat. We investigated occurrence and reproductive output of spawning blue crab in offshore waters of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, and results indicate that these waters may be …

American Buddhist Protection Of Stones In Terms Of Climate Change On Mars And Earth, Daniel Capper

Faculty Publications

A number of scientific writers have proposed manipulating the ecology of Mars in order to make the planet more comfortable for future immigrants from Earth. However, the ethical acceptability of such ‘terraforming’ proposals remains unresolved. In response, in this article I explore some of these scientific proposals through the lens provided by Buddhist environmental ethics that are quantitatively expressed by practitioners in the ethnographic field of the United States. What I find is that contemporary Buddhists combine philosophical notions of interconnectedness with moral considerations not to harm others and then creatively extend this combined sensibility to the protection specifically of …

Codifying The Obligations Of States Relating To The Prevention Of Atrocities, Sean D. Murphy

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Keynote Speech, “Codifying the Obligations of States Relating to the Prevention of Atrocities.”

..."my focus is on international obligations embedded in major multilateral treaties that address the issue of prevention, either expressly or implicitly. In doing so, I will attempt to connect the past to the present, so as to highlight six obligations of States relating to prevention that the Commission deemed essential for inclusion in its 2019 CAH Articles."

Development Of Highly Sensitive Environmental Dna Methods For The Detection Of Bull Sharks, Carcharhinus Leucas (Müller And Henle, 1839), Using Droplet DigitalTm Pcr, Katherine E. Schweiss, Ryan N. Lehman, J. Marcus Drymon, Nicole M. Phillips

Faculty Publications

Background: As apex and mesopredators, elasmobranchs play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem function and balance in marine systems. Elasmobranch populations worldwide are in decline as a result of exploitation via direct and indirect fisheries mortalities and habitat degradation; however, a lack of information on distribution, abundance, and population biology for most species hinders their effective management. Environmental DNA analysis has emerged as a cost‐effective and non‐invasive technique to fill some of these data gaps, but often requires the development of species‐specific methodologies.

Aims: Here, we established eDNA methodology appropriate for targeted species detections of Bull Sharks, Carcharhinus …

The Optimisation Of Cultivation Conditions For Basil (Ocimum Sp. L) Production In Multi-Tier Hydroponics And The Role Of Light Quality In The Enhancement Of Growth And Quality, Mohammed Aldarkazali

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Basil (Ocimum sp. L.) is considered an important herb in Herbalism, Agronomy, Ethnobotany, Gastronomy, and Bromatology. Increases in population have led to an increase in the demands for food including Basil and thus there is an increased need to optimise its growing conditions in order to produce acceptable plants for the consumers. This optimization includes growing Basil in indoor farming situations. Basil contains essential oils which impart many of its herbal and culinary properties and whilst the chemical composition of the essential oil of Basil varied but commonly contains, Estragole, Linalool, Eugenol, E Cinnamate and Eucalyptol. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) …

The Evaluation Of Functional Feeds Additives In Commercial Conditions With The Pacific White Leg Shrimp, Kurt Servin

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Given the rapid expansion of aquaculture globally and with the Litopenaeus vannamei sector making a significant contribution to seafood production, there is an urgent need to address diet and feed formulation focused on sustainability and novel ingredients, without using chemotherapeutics. This thesis explores three bioactive natural agents used in shrimp diets to mitigate the threat of disease and confer a more resilient shrimp: (i) β-glucans and yeast-derived components as functional feed additives; (ii) a blend of phytobiotic herbal extractives and yeast (YAH); and (iii) Tuna Protein Hydrolysate (TLH) as growth-promoting and immunostimulants. All studies were conducted on juvenile shrimp in …

Application Of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles To The Study Of Deep-Sea Benthic Ecology, Nils A Piechaud

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Rising anthropogenic pressure in the deep sea prompts concerns for its short and long term conservation, however, it remains mostly unexplored. Effective conservation strategies need to be based on a sound understanding of the target ecosystem, or ecosystems, which is not the case in the deep sea, owing largely to the lack of sufficient data. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) could help address several long-standing challenges in the study of deep-sea ecology, thanks to their capacity to efficiently sample this remote environment. This thesis aims to investigate how these vehicles can contribute to the study of deep-sea benthic ecology through applying …

Effect Of Environmental Temperature On Aspects Of The Developmental Ecophysiology Of The Semi-Terrestrial Amphipod Orchestia Gammarellus, Ellen Tully

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Ecophysiological responses vary during development in ways that may determine the ecological and evolutionary consequences of climate change. How temperature alters processes vital to organismal homeostasis (e.g. cardiac and gastro-intestinal (GI) behaviour) and survival (e.g. thermal tolerance) at different developmental stages is underdeveloped. Consequently, my thesis investigated key aspects of the thermal biology (specifically cardiac output, the ontogeny of GI behaviour and upper thermal limits) of an ecologically-important, brooded species, the semi-terrestrial amphipod Orchestia gammarellus. Little is known of the earliest embryonic responses, particularly with respect to direct developing brooded species. This is in-part due to a lack of high-throughput …

Making The Water Cycle Accessible And Relevant For English Language Learners, Summer Teed

Graduate Research Papers

Students with limited English-proficiency present many unique challenges for educators and schools. These challenges multiply as both the number of students requiring services and the diversity of languages spoken increases. In Iowa’s 335 public school districts, the number of students classified as English-language learners (ELL) has nearly tripled in the last 15 years, jumping from 2.1% of the student population during the 1999-2000 school year to 5.7% in 2015- 2016 (Iowa Department of Education (IDOE), 2013; IDOE, 2015). Individual districts currently range from 0 to 57.4% of students requiring ELL services, with 25 of Iowa’s districts identifying more than 10% …

A Review On Ethnobotany And Promising Pharmacological Aspects Of An Endangered Medicinal Plant, Curcuma Caesia Roxb., Angana Borah, Deepak Kumar, Manabi Paw, Twahira Begum, Mohan Lal

Turkish Journal of Botany

Curcuma caesia Roxb. is one of the rarest medicinal plants used traditionally for the mitigation of various ailments. It is now classified as an endangered species and through this review, an overview regarding the pharmacological benefits of this plant has been put forward. Information on the ethnobotany and phytochemistry along with pharmacological activities was retrieved from the electronic databases for the period from 1962 to 2019. A literature review of articles published in local magazines, conference papers, unpublished materials, and books on traditional and medicinal plants of India was also conducted. There is very little information on C.caesiais in the …

Aeropalynological Survey In The City Center Of Aydın (Turkey), Aykut Güvensen, Ulaş Uğuz, Tarik Altun, Ayli̇n Eşi̇z Dereboylu, Nedret Şengonca Tort

Turkish Journal of Botany

Airborne pollen grains in Aydın, an important city for agriculture and tourism in the western part of Turkey, were studied for 2 years (2014 and 2015) using the volumetric method. During a 2-year study conducted in the city center, an average of 19,226 pollen grains belonging to 46 taxa were detected. Among these detected taxa, 29 (average 73.97%) belonged to arboreal plants and 17 (average 24.95%) to nonarboreal plants. The highest pollen concentrations belonged to Olea europaea (21.02%), Quercus (15.23%), Poaceae (11.89%), Pinaceae (11.47%), Cupressaceae/Taxaceae (11.11%), Platanus(4.12%), Morus (3.83%), and Urticaceae (3.58%), which were considered to be the dominant species. …

Stress Response Related To Ultrasonographic Examination In Dogs, Cenker Çağri Cingi, Abdurrahman Fati̇h Fi̇dan, Durmuş Fati̇h Başer, Mehmet Uçar, Zülfükar Kadi̇r Saritaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study investigated whether abdominal ultrasonography, a frequently used examination method in clinics and hospitals, causes stress in dogs. For the study, 10 healthy dogs were used. Following general examination, intravenous catheters were placed in the V. cephalica accecorius of the dogs and blood specimens were collected to obtain serum and plasma samples (minute 0). After a 30- min break, ultrasonography was applied following shaving of the abdominal region. Serum and plasma samples were collected from the intravenous catheters at the 5th, 15th, and 20th minutes of the ultrasonographic examination during which the urinary bladder, left kidney, spleen, stomach, liver, …

Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Weaning Weight Of Awassi Lambs By Using Classical And Bayesian Methods, Adi̇le Tatliyer, Si̇nan Baş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to estimate variance components and genetic parameters with six different animal models and two approaches (Bayesian and classical) on weaning weight (WW) of Awassi lambs. For this purpose, the data were obtained from Sheep and Goat Breeders' Associations of Osmaniye in Turkey. The data of 4971 progenies (from 80 rams and 1917 ewes) born between 2012 and 2016 raised under traditional conditions were evaluated. Year/season, sex, birth type, dam age, and flock size were fixed effects. All these effects except birth type were found statistically significant (P < 0.01). The overall least squares mean of weaning weight (WW) was obtained as 17.93 ± 0.05 kg. Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated by MCMC algorithms with R (for Bayesian approach) and by REML procedure with MTDFREML (for classical approach) programs. The Akaike information criterion (AIC), the log likelihood function (-2logL), and deviance information criterion (DIC) values were taken as criteria to choose the best model. Direct heritabilities of WW ranged from 0.20 to 0.35 across the models. The genetic correlation between additive genetic effect and maternal effect ranged from 0.00 to 1.00. The results were found similar across methodologies and maternal additive genetic variance resulted in lower than direct additive genetic variance. According to this study, both approaches are suitable for estimation of genetic parameters in the case of low sample size. However, the Bayesian approach, becoming increasingly popular, may be feasible to estimate variancecovariance components and genetic parameters.

Cranial Size And Shape Sexual Dimorphism In The Kangal Dog From Turkey, Pere Miquel Parés-Casanova, Abu Bakar Siddiq, Vedat Onar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study has so far been the first attempt to characterize and quantify skull sexual variation in Kangal dog, by means of geometric morphometric techniques. A sample of 16 adult Kangal crania has been analyzed with this purpose. To obtain a full image of morphological pattern, digital pictures were taken from the ventral, left lateral, and dorsal sides of each skull, and a total of 16, 15, and 16 landmarks respectively were obtained on each image. Skull size and shape differed significantly in all aspects among different sexes, male skulls being bigger. Shape differences were observed mainly on zygomatic arch …

The Effects Of Different Doses Of Diclofenac Sodium On Newborn Rat Hippocampus Exposed During The Third Trimester, Ebru Eli̇bol, Süleyman Kaplan, Gamze Altun, Abdurrahman Aksoy, Berri̇n Zuhal Altunkaynak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The main aim of the present study was to examine the neurotoxic effects of prenatal exposure to varying doses of diclofenac sodium (DS) on the rat hippocampus. Twenty-eight Wistar albino adult female rats weighing 280-300 g were initially used for pregnancy. When vaginal plaques were seen in female rats, it was accepted as the 0th day of pregnancy. Female rats were divided into five main groups; pure control, saline, low dose DS (3.6 mg/kg), moderate dose DS (9 mg/kg), and high dose DS (18 mg/kg). They were exposed to these treatments during their gestation. After birth, all newborn male rats …

Effect Of Transportation Distance And Crating Density On Preslaughter Losses And Blood Biochemical Profile In Broilers During Hot And Humid Weather, Faisal Hussnain, Athar Mahmud, Shahid Mahmood, Muhammad Hayat Jaspal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Transportation of broilers from different localities to the processing plants is a critical step in the farm to fork chain, and any disturbance in this chain may result in worst consequences. Keeping this scenario in view, a study was conducted to determine the live losses at different transportation distances (~80, 160, 240 km) and crating densities (10, 12, 15 birds/crate) during hot and humid summer. The uniform weight birds were picked from a farm and placed in plastic crates (0.91 m × 0.55 m). The results showed a significant increase in body weight loss and dead on arrival (%) with …

Evaluation Of Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Effects And Phenolic Compounds Of Sea Cucumberholothuria Tubulosa (Gmelin, 1791) Extracts, Mehli̇ka Alper, Melek Güneş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate the potential cytotoxic effects and phenolic contents of aqueous (HTS) and methanolic (HTM) extracts of Holothuria tubulosa gathered from Muğla (Turkey) against different cancer cells for the first time. An MTT assay was carried out to determine cellular viability. Apoptotic cell death was determined using flow cytometry. DNA fragmentation assay and caspase-3 activity analysis were carried out. Both extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quantification of phenolic compounds. Both HTS and HTM extracts generally caused a decrease in the cell viability in a concentration- and timedependent manner. The lowest IC$_{50}$ value …

Gastrointestinal Helminths Detected In Wild Horses In Konya Province, Turkey, Onur Ceylan, Bi̇lal Di̇k, Ceylan Ceylan, Asma Semassel, Özlem Deri̇nbay Eki̇ci̇, Gonca Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to identify the gastrointestinal helminths of wild horses in Konya, Turkey. Fresh stool samples collected from 66 horses were evaluated by flotation, sedimentation, Baermann-Wetzel, and stool culture methods. All 66 stool samples examined were found to be positive for helminths and the following parasites were detected: Trichonema spp. was detected in all stool samples (100%), followed by Poteriostomum spp. (45.5%), Strongylus vulgaris (34.9%), and Strongylus equinus (27.3%). In addition, Oesophagodontus spp. (9.1%), Strongylus edentatus (7.6%), Triodontophorus spp. (4.6%), Gyalocephalus spp. (4.6%), Oxyuris equi (3.0%), Parascaris equorum (1.5%), and Strongyloides westeri (1.5%) were detected at lower levels. …

Assessment Of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases As Therapeutic Targets For The Treatmentof Babesiosis And Theileriosis, Özal Mutlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The Piroplasmida order comprises parasitic protozoa including the Theileria and Babesia species that are transmitted by vector ticks and can cause severe diseases in domestic and wild animals. Because of limited therapies and available drug resistance, the discovery of new, effective, and safer drugs for veterinary use is important. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are a group of serine-threonine protein kinases found in diverse species, including animals and protozoa that conduct vital cellular functions. Therefore, they have been at the centre of drug design studies for many years. Computer-aided structure-based drug design is a fast and effective way in drug discovery …

Comparative Morphological Analysis Of Diploid And Triploid Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas,Farmed In The Black Sea, Oksana Yurievna Vialova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Triploid organisms, in particular oysters, are widely used in marine aquaculture. However, the advantage of triploid oysters compared to diploids has not been proven in all cases. Comparative morphological analysis of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas of different ploidy levels allows evaluating the benefits of raising triploids in the Black Sea. First, the morphological characteristics of diploid and triploid Pacific oysters C. gigas farmed in the Black Sea were studied. Allometric ratios of weight (W, g) and shell height (H, mm) of oysters were obtained, which are described by the equations W$_{2n}$ = 4 × 10$^{-4}$ × H$_{2n}$ $^{2.56}$, R2 = …

Comparison Of Blup And Bayesian Methods For Different Sizes Of Training Population Ingenomic Selection, Samet Hasan Abaci, Hasan Önder

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aims to compare the accuracy of pedigree-based and genomic-based breeding value prediction for different training population sizes. In this study, Bayes (A, B, C, Cpi) and GBLUP methods for genomic selection and BLUP method for pedigree-based selection were used. Genomic and pedigree-based breeding values were estimated for partial milk yield (158 days) of Holstein cows (400 individuals) from a private enterprise in the USA. For this aim, populations were created for indirect breeding value estimates as training (322-360) and test (78-40) populations. In animals genotyped with a 54k SNP, the marker file was encoded as -10, 0, and …

Effects Of Oregano (Oreganum Onites L.) Aromatic Water On Rumen Microbialfermentation Of Holstein Calves, Serkan Özkaya, Ozan Emre Almali, Yavuz Ayan, Sabri̇ Erbaş, Taylan Aksu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study aimed to determine the effects of the addition of aromatic oregano water (AOW) on rumen fermentation of Holstein calves. For this purpose, 20 Holstein calves were divided into four groups (n = 5) and fed with three different doses of AOW (1, 1.5, and 2%). The experimental groups were formed as follows; the control group (CNT): milk + starter; G1: 1% AOW supplemented milk + starter; G2: 1.5% AOW supplemented milk + starter; G3: 2% AOW supplemented milk + starter. The rumen fluid was taken from the oesophagus at 60 days of age with the aid of a …

Chemical Compounds And Gas Production Kinetics Of Annual Ryegrass Hay In Distinctnitrogen Levels And Cutting Heights, Juliana Reolon Pereira, Marcela Abbado Neres, Itacir Eloi Sandini, Ana Carolina Fluck, Olmar Antônio Denardin Costa, Laércio Ricardo Sartor

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of our work was to evaluate the chemical composition and cumulative gas production profiles of annual ryegrass hay through in vitro incubations for two cutting heights and different nitrogen fertilization doses. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split-plots. The nitrogen doses (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg N ha$^{-1}$) were distributed in the main plot and the subplots. To make the hay, the annual ryegrass was cut at heights of 5 and 10 cm from the ground, with three replications each. In the experimental area, corn was cropped in the summer and annual ryegrass pasture in the …

The Value Of Carbon Sequestration In The Developing World: Making The Economic Case For Tree Planting In Laos, Vongdalone Vongsikeo

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Tree plantations in developing countries are mostly driven by private sectors, mainly to increase forest cover and meet the timber demand. However, research studies on tree plantations in Laos, for instance, show that despite high profitability tree farmers and private companies face many challenges such as low timber quality, low timber selling price and slow plantation expansion. These challenges could be the result of slow policy improvement processes or the lack of basis on the justification of government intervention. This study uses a policy decision tool - a cost-benefit analysis to evaluate social costs and social benefits from private tree …

Monitoring Mammal Community Shifts Across Silvicultural Treatments Utilizing Camera Traps And The Development Of Invertebrate- Derived Dna In Hardwood Forests Of North America, Shallen Gurtler

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Mammal distribution and diversity is quickly changing as humans modify the landscape. In particular, silviculture, which is the practice of controlling the growth, structure, and quality of forests to meet the needs of society and the landowner, influences the habitat usage of mammals. Utilizing camera traps, I monitored shifts in mammal communities across different silviculture treatments in the northern hardwood forests of the Great Lakes region in North America. I assessed the community composition across six canopy treatments and three understory treatments with a total of 2,018 active camera trap nights with 3,321 detections over the course of 147 days. …

The Effect Of Hibiscus.Sabdariffa. L On Blood Pressure And Arterial Stiffness In Humans, Basirat Tolulope Shittu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the foremost cause of death worldwide. The main risk factor for CVD is uncontrolled hypertension (HTN). The prescription of only anti-hypertensive regimens in the management of HTN is becoming more challenging due to the high cost and adverse effects linked to the persistent usage of the drugs. Eighteen participants completed the study by consuming 2g of Hibiscus sabdariffa or oolong tea twice daily for six weeks. We lost an additional twelve participants in the study due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Central arterial stiffness was analyzed as cfPWV using applanation tonometry technique. The HS tea intervention (n=11) …