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2019

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Mitochondrial Integrity In Neurodegeneration, Katrina Cowan, Oleg Anichtchik, Shouqing Luo Jan 2019

Mitochondrial Integrity In Neurodegeneration, Katrina Cowan, Oleg Anichtchik, Shouqing Luo

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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From Mental Disorder To Shared Understanding: A Non-Categorical Approach To Support Individuals With Distress In Primary Care, Richard Byng, Nora Groos, Christopher Dowrick Jan 2019

From Mental Disorder To Shared Understanding: A Non-Categorical Approach To Support Individuals With Distress In Primary Care, Richard Byng, Nora Groos, Christopher Dowrick

Peninsula Medical School

This article argues that, rather than aiming for a psychiatric diagnosis, generalist professionals such as those working in primary care, as well as in other hospital and community settings, should use a non-diagnostic framework when encountering distress. The conceptual and empirical limitations of the psychiatric diagnostic system and evidence that psychological phenomena are dimensional suggest the need for an alternative approach; one that might also address problems of overdiagnosis and overmedication.1 There are three key problems with the current Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) systems of psychiatric classification. The process can be stigmatising; diagnoses are …

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Mitochondria In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fang Lin, Shou Qing Luo Jan 2019

Mitochondria In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fang Lin, Shou Qing Luo

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Evolution And Clustering Of Prodromal Parkinsonian Features In Gba1 Carriers, Stephen Mullin, Michelle Beavan, Jonathan Bestwick, Alisdair Mcneill, Christos Proukakis, Timothy Cox, Derralynn Hughes, Atul Mehta, Henrik Zetterberg, Anthony H.V. Schapira Jan 2019

Evolution And Clustering Of Prodromal Parkinsonian Features In Gba1 Carriers, Stephen Mullin, Michelle Beavan, Jonathan Bestwick, Alisdair Mcneill, Christos Proukakis, Timothy Cox, Derralynn Hughes, Atul Mehta, Henrik Zetterberg, Anthony H.V. Schapira

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Gender Incongruence In Children, Adolescents, And Adults: Response To Dr White, M Mccartney, S Bewley, D Clifford, R Byng Jan 2019

Gender Incongruence In Children, Adolescents, And Adults: Response To Dr White, M Mccartney, S Bewley, D Clifford, R Byng

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Coexistence And The Niche In A Nurse-Cactus Interaction: Is Cyclic Dynamics Justified?, Arnoldo Flores-Torres, Carlos Montaña, Miguel Franco Jan 2019

Coexistence And The Niche In A Nurse-Cactus Interaction: Is Cyclic Dynamics Justified?, Arnoldo Flores-Torres, Carlos Montaña, Miguel Franco

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

1. The interaction between the nurse plant Larrea tridentata and the cacti Cylindropuntia leptocaulis is thought to follow cyclical-replacement dynamics. However, the required changing nature of their interaction, from facilitation to competition, has not been investigated through their full life cycle. 2. In order to test the hypothesised cyclical dynamics, we compared the demography of four sub-populations (LA = Larrea associated to Cylindropuntia; CA = Cylindropuntia associated to Larrea, LS = solitary Larrea; CS = solitary Cylindropuntia) in the Mapimí Biosphere Reserve, Mexico, over the period 2008-2015. This allowed us to compare their demography at varying levels of the generally …

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Exploring How Patients Respond To Gp Recommendations For Mental Health Treatment: An Analysis Of Communication In Primary Care Consultations, Joseph Ford, Felicity Thomas, Richard Byng, Rose Mccabe Jan 2019

Exploring How Patients Respond To Gp Recommendations For Mental Health Treatment: An Analysis Of Communication In Primary Care Consultations, Joseph Ford, Felicity Thomas, Richard Byng, Rose Mccabe

Peninsula Medical School

BackgroundPatient take-up and adherence to antidepressants and talking therapy is low. However, little is known about how GPs recommend these treatments and whether patients accept them.AimTo examine how GPs recommend antidepressants and talking therapy, and how patients respond.Design & settingA total of 52 recorded primary care consultations for depression, anxiety, and stress were analysed.MethodUsing a standardised coding scheme, five ways doctors recommend treatment were coded, conveying varying authority and endorsement. The treatment recommendation types were as follows: more directive pronouncements (I’ll start you on X); proposals (How about we start X?); less directive suggestions (Would you like to try X?); …

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Characterisation Of Fatigue Crack Growth Using The Cjp Model Of Crack Tip Fields Or Plastic Ctod, Mn James, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Fa Díaz, Fv Antunes, Y Bing, Y Huang Jan 2019

Characterisation Of Fatigue Crack Growth Using The Cjp Model Of Crack Tip Fields Or Plastic Ctod, Mn James, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Fa Díaz, Fv Antunes, Y Bing, Y Huang

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

This paper provides an update on the current status of work that has been done to validate the CJP model of crack tip stresses and also summarises some findings from linked work that has used DIC to determine the range of plastic crack tip opening displacement as a correlator of fatigue crack growth rate. The paper considers several ways of calculating an effective range of stress intensity factor that have been proposed in various papers, as the preferred option is not yet fully clear. It further highlights the potential value, in terms of elucidating the mechanisms involved in plasticity-induced crack …

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Fungi In Aquatic Ecosystems, Hans Peter Grossart, Den Wyngaert S Van, Maiko Kagami, Christian Wurzbacher, Michael Cunliffe, Keilor Rojas-Jimenez Jan 2019

Fungi In Aquatic Ecosystems, Hans Peter Grossart, Den Wyngaert S Van, Maiko Kagami, Christian Wurzbacher, Michael Cunliffe, Keilor Rojas-Jimenez

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Anthropogenic Noise Pollution Reverses Grouping Behaviour In Hermit Crabs, Svenja Tidau, Mark Briffa Jan 2019

Anthropogenic Noise Pollution Reverses Grouping Behaviour In Hermit Crabs, Svenja Tidau, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Spatiotemporal Variability In The Structure Of Seagrass Meadows And Associated Macrofaunal Assemblages In Southwest England (Uk): Using Citizen Science To Benchmark Ecological Pattern, Dan A. Smale, Graham Epstein, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill Jan 2019

Spatiotemporal Variability In The Structure Of Seagrass Meadows And Associated Macrofaunal Assemblages In Southwest England (Uk): Using Citizen Science To Benchmark Ecological Pattern, Dan A. Smale, Graham Epstein, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Climate Variation, Reproductive Frequency And Acorn Yield In English Oaks, Mick E. Hanley, Benjamin I. Cook, Michael Fenner Jan 2019

Climate Variation, Reproductive Frequency And Acorn Yield In English Oaks, Mick E. Hanley, Benjamin I. Cook, Michael Fenner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Differential Immunity As A Factor Influencing Mussel Hybrid Zone Structure, Deryk Tolman, Hannah L. Wood, David O.F. Skibinski, Manuela Truebano Jan 2019

Differential Immunity As A Factor Influencing Mussel Hybrid Zone Structure, Deryk Tolman, Hannah L. Wood, David O.F. Skibinski, Manuela Truebano

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Teasing Apart The Impact Of Illness And Iq On Functional Neuroimaging Findings In Schizophrenia, S Graham, Tm Oh, V Manning, J Jiang, Ib Yeh, S Kang, Pj Mckenna Jan 2019

Teasing Apart The Impact Of Illness And Iq On Functional Neuroimaging Findings In Schizophrenia, S Graham, Tm Oh, V Manning, J Jiang, Ib Yeh, S Kang, Pj Mckenna

Peninsula Medical School

Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disorder associated with cognitive impairment. Functional brain imaging (fMRI) studies of schizophrenia patients reveal a complex pattern of brain differences in the prefrontal cortex. Both decreased (hypofrontality) and increased (hyperfrontality) activity have been reported in patients – inconsistencies that this paper argues could be explained by differences in IQ between patients and healthy controls. This study demonstrates a novel method to tease apart IQ and schizophrenia effects on brain activity. Twelve schizophrenia patients were matched to twelve healthy controls matched to patients’ estimated (premorbid) IQ before their illness, and twelve healthy controls matched to patients’ …

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Predictors And Trajectory Of Performance Status In Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Data Analysis Of The International European Palliative Care Cancer Symptom Study, Jw Boland, Victoria Allgar, Eg Boland, Stein Kaasa, Marianne J. Hjermstad, Miriam J. Johnson Jan 2019

Predictors And Trajectory Of Performance Status In Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Data Analysis Of The International European Palliative Care Cancer Symptom Study, Jw Boland, Victoria Allgar, Eg Boland, Stein Kaasa, Marianne J. Hjermstad, Miriam J. Johnson

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Performance status, a predictor of cancer survival, and ability to maintain independent living deteriorate in advanced disease. Understanding predictors of performance status trajectory could help identify those at risk of functional deterioration, target support for independent living and reduce service costs. The relationship between symptoms, analgesics and performance status is poorly delineated. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine whether demographics, analgesics, disease characteristics, quality-of-life domains and C-reactive protein predict the trajectory of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) in patients with advanced cancer. Design: The study design is the secondary data analysis of the international prospective, longitudinal European …

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An Improved Prediction Of The Effective Range Of Stress Intensity Factor In Fatigue Crack Growth, B Yang, Mn James, Y Huang, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Fa Díaz Jan 2019

An Improved Prediction Of The Effective Range Of Stress Intensity Factor In Fatigue Crack Growth, B Yang, Mn James, Y Huang, Jm Vasco-Olmo, Fa Díaz

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of The Impact Of The Nice Head Injury Guidelines On Inpatient Mortality From Traumatic Brain Injury: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, Carl Marincowitz, Fiona Lecky, Victoria Allgar, Trevor Sheldon Jan 2019

Evaluation Of The Impact Of The Nice Head Injury Guidelines On Inpatient Mortality From Traumatic Brain Injury: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, Carl Marincowitz, Fiona Lecky, Victoria Allgar, Trevor Sheldon

Peninsula Medical School

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) head injury guidelines on deaths and hospital admissions caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI).SettingAll hospitals in England between 1998 and 2017.ParticipantsPatients admitted to hospital or who died up to 30 days following hospital admission with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding indicating the reason for admission or death was TBI.InterventionAn interrupted time series analysis was conducted with intervention points when each of the three guidelines was introduced. Analysis was stratified by guideline recommendation specific age groups (0–15, 16–64 and 65+).Outcome measuresThe monthly population mortality and admission rates …

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Deterrence And Prevention-Based Model To Mitigate Information Security Insider Threats In Organisations, N Safa, C Maple, Sm Furnell, M Azad, C Perera, M Dabbagh Jan 2019

Deterrence And Prevention-Based Model To Mitigate Information Security Insider Threats In Organisations, N Safa, C Maple, Sm Furnell, M Azad, C Perera, M Dabbagh

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Previous studies show that information security breaches and privacy violations are important issues for organisations and people. It is acknowledged that decreasing the risk in this domain requires consideration of the technological aspects of information security alongside human aspects. Employees intentionally or unintentionally account for a significant portion of the threats to information assets in organisations. This research presents a novel conceptual framework to mitigate the risk of insiders using deterrence and prevention approaches. Deterrence factors discourage employees from engaging in information security misbehaviour in organisations, and situational crime prevention factors encourage them to prevent information security misconduct. Our findings …

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Computational Instantaneous Wave‐Free Ratio (Ifr) For Patient‐Specific Coronary Artery Stenoses Using 1d Network Models, Jason M. Carson, Carl Roobottom, Robin Alcock, Perumal Nithiarasu Jan 2019

Computational Instantaneous Wave‐Free Ratio (Ifr) For Patient‐Specific Coronary Artery Stenoses Using 1d Network Models, Jason M. Carson, Carl Roobottom, Robin Alcock, Perumal Nithiarasu

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Clinically Meaningful Improvements In Self-Reported Walking Ability In Participants With Multiple Sclerosis: Results From The Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase Iii Enhance Trial Of Prolonged-Release Fampridine, Jeremy Hobart, Tjalf Ziemssen, Peter Feys, Michael Linnebank, Andrew D. Goodman, Rachel Farrell, Raymond Hupperts, Andrew R. Blight, Veronica Englishby, Manjit Mcneill, Ih Chang, Jacob Elkins Jan 2019

Assessment Of Clinically Meaningful Improvements In Self-Reported Walking Ability In Participants With Multiple Sclerosis: Results From The Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase Iii Enhance Trial Of Prolonged-Release Fampridine, Jeremy Hobart, Tjalf Ziemssen, Peter Feys, Michael Linnebank, Andrew D. Goodman, Rachel Farrell, Raymond Hupperts, Andrew R. Blight, Veronica Englishby, Manjit Mcneill, Ih Chang, Jacob Elkins

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Towards Simulated Morality Systems: Role-Playing Games As Artificial Societies, J Casas-Roma, M Nelson, J Arnedo-Moreno, S Gaudl, R Saunders Jan 2019

Towards Simulated Morality Systems: Role-Playing Games As Artificial Societies, J Casas-Roma, M Nelson, J Arnedo-Moreno, S Gaudl, R Saunders

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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A Second-Order Theory For An Array Of Curved Wave Energy Converters In Open Sea, S. Michele, E. Renzi Jan 2019

A Second-Order Theory For An Array Of Curved Wave Energy Converters In Open Sea, S. Michele, E. Renzi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Raman Spectroscopy Of Graphene Biosensors, S Awan, B Driscoll Jan 2019

Raman Spectroscopy Of Graphene Biosensors, S Awan, B Driscoll

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Diversity In Co2 Concentrating Mechanisms Among Chemolithoautotrophs From Genera Hydrogenovibrio, Thiomicrorhabdus, And Thiomicrospira, Ubiquitous In Sulfidic Habitats Worldwide, Kathleen M. Scott, Juliana M. Leonard, Rich Boden, Dale Chaput, Clare Dennison, Edward Haller, Tara L. Harmer, Abigail Anderson, Tiffany Arnold, Samantha Budenstein, Rikki Brown, Juan Brand, Jacob Byers, Jeanette Calarco, Timothy Campbell, Erica Carter, Max Chase, Montana Cole, Deandra Dwyer, Jonathon Grasham, Christopher Hanni, Ashlee Hazle, C Johnson, R Johnson, Brandi Kirby, Katherine Lewis, Brianna Neumann, Tracy Nguyen, Charari J Nino, Ooreoluwa Morakinyo, Bengt Olsson, Shanetta Roundtree, Emily Skjerve, Ashley Ubaldini, Robert Whittaker Jan 2019

Diversity In Co2 Concentrating Mechanisms Among Chemolithoautotrophs From Genera Hydrogenovibrio, Thiomicrorhabdus, And Thiomicrospira, Ubiquitous In Sulfidic Habitats Worldwide, Kathleen M. Scott, Juliana M. Leonard, Rich Boden, Dale Chaput, Clare Dennison, Edward Haller, Tara L. Harmer, Abigail Anderson, Tiffany Arnold, Samantha Budenstein, Rikki Brown, Juan Brand, Jacob Byers, Jeanette Calarco, Timothy Campbell, Erica Carter, Max Chase, Montana Cole, Deandra Dwyer, Jonathon Grasham, Christopher Hanni, Ashlee Hazle, C Johnson, R Johnson, Brandi Kirby, Katherine Lewis, Brianna Neumann, Tracy Nguyen, Charari J Nino, Ooreoluwa Morakinyo, Bengt Olsson, Shanetta Roundtree, Emily Skjerve, Ashley Ubaldini, Robert Whittaker

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Members of Hydrogenovibrio, Thiomicrospira and Thiomicrorhabdus fix carbon at hydrothermal vents, coastal sediments, hypersaline lakes, and other sulfidic habitats. The genome sequences of these ubiquitous and prolific chemolithoautotrophs suggest a surprising diversity of mechanisms for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) uptake and fixation; these mechanisms are verified here. Carboxysomes are apparent in transmission electron micrographs of most of these organisms; lack of carboxysomes in Thiomicrorhabdus sp. Milos T2 and Tmr. arctica, and an inability to grow under low DIC conditions by Thiomicrorhabdus sp. Milos T2 are consistent with an absence of carboxysome loci in their genomes. For the remaining organisms, potential …

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Impacts Of The Mycotoxin Zearalenone On Growth And Photosynthetic Responses In Laboratory Populations Of Freshwater Macrophytes (Lemna Minor) And Microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata)., Ej Eagles, R Benstead, S Macdonald, R Handy, Th Hutchinson Jan 2019

Impacts Of The Mycotoxin Zearalenone On Growth And Photosynthetic Responses In Laboratory Populations Of Freshwater Macrophytes (Lemna Minor) And Microalgae (Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata)., Ej Eagles, R Benstead, S Macdonald, R Handy, Th Hutchinson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Mycotoxins are an important class of chemicals of emerging concern, recently detected in aquatic environments, potentially reflecting the influence of fungicide resistance and climatic factors on fungal diseases in agricultural crops. Zearalenone (ZON) is a mycotoxin formed by Fusarium spp. and is known for its biological activity in animal tissues; both in vitro and in vivo. ZON has been reported in US and Polish surface waters at 0.7 - 96 ng/L, with agricultural run-off and wastewater treatment plants being the likely sources of mycotoxins. As some mycotoxins can induce phytotoxicity, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of ZON …

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Exposure To Microplastics Reduces Attachment Strength And Alters The Haemolymph Proteome Of Blue Mussels (Mytilus Edulis), Dannielle S. Green, Thomas J. Colgan, Richard C. Thompson, James C. Carolan Jan 2019

Exposure To Microplastics Reduces Attachment Strength And Alters The Haemolymph Proteome Of Blue Mussels (Mytilus Edulis), Dannielle S. Green, Thomas J. Colgan, Richard C. Thompson, James C. Carolan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Brief Group‐Based Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For Stroke Survivors, Sarah Majumdar, Reg Morris Jan 2019

Brief Group‐Based Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For Stroke Survivors, Sarah Majumdar, Reg Morris

School of Psychology

ObjectivesTo date, the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for stroke survivors has not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of group‐based ACT for stroke survivors in comparison with treatment as usual (TAU) controls.MethodsFifty‐three participants were randomly assigned either to group‐based ACT (ACTivate Your Life after Stroke) or to a TAU control group (60% male; mean age: 63 years). The ACT intervention consisted of four weekly 2‐hr didactic group sessions. Therapeutic effects were measured by examining changes in depression (primary outcome), anxiety, hope, health‐related quality of life, self‐rated health status, and mental well‐being. …

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Two- And Three-Year-Olds Consider Ownership When Selecting And Allocating Resources, M Petrowski, Patricia Kanngiesser, Ori Friedman Jan 2019

Two- And Three-Year-Olds Consider Ownership When Selecting And Allocating Resources, M Petrowski, Patricia Kanngiesser, Ori Friedman

School of Psychology

In three experiments, we investigated whether 2- and 3-year-olds (N = 240) consider ownership when taking resources for themselves and allocating resources to another agent. When selecting resources for themselves, children generally avoided taking resources that belonged to another agent and instead favored their own resources (Experiments 1 and 2). However, they did not avoid taking the agent’s resources when the only other resources available were described as not belonging to the agent (Experiment 3). Children also selected fewer of the agent’s resources when taking for themselves than when giving to the agent (Experiments 2 and 3). In giving to …

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What Controls Submarine Channel Development And The Morphology Of Deltas Entering Deep-Water Fjords?, Jenny A. Gales, Peter J. Talling, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny, Clarke J Hughes, Gwyn Lintern, Cooper Stacey, Michael A. Clare Jan 2019

What Controls Submarine Channel Development And The Morphology Of Deltas Entering Deep-Water Fjords?, Jenny A. Gales, Peter J. Talling, Matthieu J.B. Cartigny, Clarke J Hughes, Gwyn Lintern, Cooper Stacey, Michael A. Clare

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

River deltas and associated turbidity current systems produce some of the largest and most rapid sediment accumulations on our planet. These systems bury globally significant volumes of organic carbon and determine the runout distance of potentially hazardous sediment flows and the shape of their deposits. Here we seek to understand the main factors that determine the morphology of turbidity current systems linked to deltas in fjords, and why some locations have well developed submarine channels whilst others do not. Deltas and associated turbidity current systems are analysed initially in five fjord systems from British Columbia in Canada, and then more …

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Invasive Lionfish In The Mediterranean: Low Public Awareness Yet High Stakeholder Concerns, Periklis Kleitou, Ioannis Savva, Demetris Kletou, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Charalampos Antoniou, Yiannis Christodoulides, Niki Chartosia, Louis Hadjioannou, Andreas C. Dimitriou, Carlos Jimenez, Antonis Petrou, Spyros Sfenthourakis, Sian Rees Jan 2019

Invasive Lionfish In The Mediterranean: Low Public Awareness Yet High Stakeholder Concerns, Periklis Kleitou, Ioannis Savva, Demetris Kletou, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Charalampos Antoniou, Yiannis Christodoulides, Niki Chartosia, Louis Hadjioannou, Andreas C. Dimitriou, Carlos Jimenez, Antonis Petrou, Spyros Sfenthourakis, Sian Rees

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A lionfish invasion in the Western Atlantic has been one of the most ecologically harmful fish invasions to date. Experience there has shown that its management is most effective when the public and stakeholders are involved. The lionfish (Pterois miles) has recently invaded the Mediterranean, spreading at an alarming rate. To understand lionfish knowledge and perceptions, questionnaire surveys were conducted with a representative cross section of the adult general public (via telephone) and stakeholders (via organised meetings) in Cyprus. Results from 300 public surveys revealed limited awareness about the lionfish but strong support for its local management. Men and older …

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