Digital Commons Network^™

Foraging Preferences Of Barnacle Geese On Endophytic Tall And Red Fescues, Tuuli-Marjaana Koski, Kari Saikkonen, Tero Klemola, Marjo Helander

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Many grasses (Poaceae) have symbiotic fungal endophytes, which affect livestock by producing unpalatable or harmful secondary compounds. Less is known about the repelling effects of fungal endophytes on avian grazers despite potential wildlife management implications. Herbivorous goose (Branta spp.) species may become a nuisance in recreational use areas via fecal littering. Planting these areas with grasses that avian grazers avoid may help mitigate this damage. In 2016, we studied the foraging preference of the barnacle geese (B. leucopsis) with endophytic (E+) or endophyte-free (E-) red fescue (Festuca rubra) and/or tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix) in …

Temporal Variation Of Moose–Vehicle Collisions In Alaska, Lucian R. Mcdonald, Terry A. Messmer, Michael R. Guttery

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Collisions between vehicles and wildlife have long been recognized to pose threats to motorists and wildlife populations. In addition to the risk of injury or mortality faced by the motorists involved in wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs), other drivers are also put at risk due to road obstructions and traffic congestions associated with WVCs. Most WVCs in Alaska involve moose (Alces alces), an animal that is sufficiently large to pose a threat to property and human life when involved in collisions. We analyzed the temporal variation in the number of moose–vehicle collisions (MVCs) reported in the 4 most populous boroughs …

Cost–Benefit Analysis Of Coyote Removal As A Management Option In Texas Cattle Ranching, R. Kyle Brewster, Scott E. Henke, Benjamin L. Turner, John M. Tomeček, Alfonso Ortega-S.

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The monetary value of livestock losses attributed to coyote (Canis latrans) predation in North America has increased during the past 20 years. In Texas, USA alone in 2011, these loses were estimated at $6.9 million. To mitigate coyote-related livestock losses, several lethal and nonlethal control methods have been developed. However, there remains a need for better information to guide management decisions regarding cost-effective predator control strategies for livestock production systems. We acquired data, which was used in the model, from published literature from 1960 to present day, subject matter experts, and anecdotal information on coyote ecology. We developed …

Wildlife Damage To Crops Adjacent To A Protected Area In Southeastern Mexico: Farmers’ Perceptions Versus Actual Impact, Gabriel Can-Hernández, Claudia Villanueva-García, Elías José Gordillo-Chávez, Coral Jazvel Pacheco-Figueroa, Elizabeth Pérez-Netzahual, Rodrigo García-Morales

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Human–wildlife conflicts occur when wildlife has an adverse effect on human activities (e.g., predation of livestock, crop raiding). These conflicts are increasing, particularly in areas surrounding natural protected areas, where villagers engage in subsistence agriculture. Crop damage may cause farmers to retaliate and harm wildlife species considered responsible for the damage. Among the factors that determine the intensity of the conflict are the frequency of the damage and the amount of biomass consumed relative to the perceptions, values, and cultural history of the farmers affected. To better understand the conflicts between farmers and wildlife, we compared farmer perceptions of wildlife …

Similar Breeding Success Of Bearded Vultures In Disturbed And Undisturbed Areas Shows Evidence Of Adaptation Capabilities, Vincent Comor, Nicolas Poulin, Mathieu Boos

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Retraction notice: We have been informed that because of logistical reasons the authors of Comor et al. (2019) were unable able to provide the answers requested by Duriez et al. (2020) regarding the protocols, the quantitative data, or the small and unbalanced sample sizes. At the authors' request, the article by Comor et al. published in Human–Wildlife Interactions 13(3) has been retracted.

Human activities are usually considered as disturbing factors impeding the breeding success of wild animals. Protected areas can then be set up to restrict such activities aiming to improve wildlife’s breeding success and conservation. To test for the …

Penile Polygraphy: The Admissibility Of Penile-Plethysmograph Results At Sentencing In Tennessee, Steven Poland

Vanderbilt Law Review

State judges in Tennessee currently consider the results of penile plethysmograph ("PPG") evaluations when sentencing convicted sex offenders. These highly intrusive physical tests purport to identify whether an offender's arousal is considered "deviant" by measuring the change in penis size after viewing various stimuli. Because the results are usually buried in psychosexual evaluations that are part of general presentence assessments of recidivism risk, PPG evaluations suffer from a lack of standardization and little attention under the rules of evidence. Interestingly, PPG testing is similar to polygraphy in a number of ways, although studies have shown that PPG results are more …

Book Review: Chinese And Buddhist Philosophy In Early Twentieth-Century German Thought By Eric S. Nelson, Steven Burik

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Eric Nelson has written a very comprehensive study of the reception of Chinese and EasternBuddhist philosophy in Western thought, with a special focus on the German thinkers of theearly twentieth century. Nelson shows great erudition in bringing together a wide variety ofthinkers from both East and West, including importantly some lesser known, but very relevantthinkers from both the Western tradition and Eastern philosophy. Although Nelson focusesmostly on the encounters and interactions between German philosophers and Chinese thinkers,his aim with this commendable book is wider. Nelson employs the encountersbetween German and Chinese thinkers in the wider context of comparative and/or interculturalphilosophy, …

The Effect Of Implant Neck Microthread Design On Stress Distribution Of Peri-Implant Bone With Different Level: A Finite Element Analysis, Zhi-Heng Jin, Meng-Dong Peng, Qing Li

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Significant research has proposed that the implant with microthread in the neck can significantly reduce marginal bone loss, but whether it is consistent in the condition of marginal bone loss is still unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of microthread on stress distribution in peri-implant bone with different bone level using finite element analysis. Materials and methods A series of computational models of mandible segments with different bone resorption and implant models with or without microthread in the neck was installed by computer-aided design software. The simulated occlusal force of 150N was applied …

The Effects Of Script Variation, Literacy Skills, And Immersion Experience On Executive Attention: A Comparison Of Matched Monoscriptal And Biscriptal Bilinguals, Sujin Yang, Hwajin Yang, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

To examine script effects, monoscriptal Spanish-English (SE) bilinguals, who use two similar Roman alphabetic systems, were compared to biscriptal Chinese-English (CE) bilinguals, who use logographs and Roman alphabets. On the Attention Network Test, script effects were most evident in global processing efficiency (i.e., inverse efficiency and reaction time) and in the local network of executive control in favor of biscriptal CE bilinguals over matched monoscriptal SE counterparts. Literacy effects were found on the executive control network among Chinese-English bilinguals of high L1-literacy skills over their script- and immersion-matched counterparts, who varied only in low L1 literacy. In a similar vein, …

หน้ากากกันฝุ่น กับ Pm2.5, ศีลาวุธ ดำรงศิริ

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

กากกาแฟ จากแก้วกาแฟสู่แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจหมุนเวียนสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ชีวภาพ, ณัฐพงศ์ ตันติวัฒนพันธ์

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

The Single-Subject Rule: A State Constitutional Dilemma, Richard Briffault

Faculty Scholarship

Critics of the proliferation of omnibus legislation in Congress have pointed to the constitutions of the American states as providing an alternative, and potentially superior, model for lawmaking. Forty-three state constitutions include some sort of “single-subject” rule, that is, the requirement that each act of the legislature be limited to a single subject. Many of these provisions date back to the second quarter of the nineteenth century, and, collectively, they have been the subject of literally thousands of court decisions. Nor is the rule a relic from a bygone era; one recent study found the rule at stake in 102 …

What Can We Learn From Stock Prices? Cash Flow, Risk And Shareholder Welfare, Joshua Mitts

Faculty Scholarship

Price is expected cash flows discounted at the risk-free rate plus an additional discount for risk exposure. Price equivalency does not always imply welfare equivalency: shareholders are not necessarily indifferent between a price increase of $1 from higher cash flows and the same $1 increase from lower risk exposure. Even in complete markets, if managers enjoy private benefits of control, the social planner may prefer lower risk exposure to a price-equivalent increase in firm value from greater investor protection. This has implications for event studies, the trade-off between principal costs and agency costs, and the link between macroeconomic risk and …

Choice Of Law In Takings Cases, Thomas W. Merrill

Faculty Scholarship

This Article considers what law should apply in resolving subsidiary questions that arise in the course of deciding takings cases under federal constitutional law. It argues that there are three choices: federal constitutional law, state law, or a federal-patterning definition that lays down certain general parameters as a matter of federal constitutional law but otherwise follows state law if it is consistent with these parameters. The article illustrates these choices by considering a recent Supreme Court decision, Murr v. Wisconsin, which held that the horizontal dimensions of a “parcel of land” should be determined, for takings purposes, as a …

The Price Isn't Right: How Libraries Can Overcome The Invisible Cost Of Education, Krystie Wilfong, Christina Bell, Zane Omohundro

ILS Scholarship

The rising cost of textbooks is a growing concern among students, faculty, and administrators at institutions across the country. According to the College Board, the average student spends approximately $1,200 per year on textbooks and supplies. This price point can be a roadblock for many students and can potentially change the course of their academic pursuits. Certain disciplines have higher material costs, which can impact student retention and success in those fields.

Reserve programs are a common occurrence in academic libraries, however variable and non-standard. Historically, few libraries purchase textbooks for reserves given their high cost and frequent edition revisions. …

Complete Mitochondrial Genome Of Callogorgia Cf. Gracilis (Octocorallia: Calcaxonia: Primnoidae), Erin E. Easton, David Hicks

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

We report the first complete mitochondrial genome of Callogorgia. Callogorgia cf. gracilis isolate DFH32_518B was collected by a remotely operated vehicle at 98 m on McGrail Bank (27.9840725°N, 92.604242°W). The complete mitogenome is 18,937 bp (27.8% A, 18.3% C, 19.8% G, and 34.1% T) and has the ancestral octocoral gene order for its 14 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, and one tRNA gene. It is sister to and ∼96.6% similar (uncorrected) to Narella hawaiiensis, the only other complete mitogenome reported for Primnoidae. The cox1 + igr1 + mtMutS region differs by two base pairs (0.12%) from the only reported …

A High-Latitude, Mesophotic Cycloseris Field At 85 M Depth Off Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Bert W. Hoeksema, Javier Sellanes, Erin E. Easton

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Published records of mesophotic zooxanthellate corals from Rapa Nui (Easter Island) are rare and so far based only on dredged specimens and observations during scuba dives (Wells 1972, Glynn et al. 2003, 2007). During recent remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys off Rapa Nui (March 2016), a large and dense aggregation of zooxanthellate Cycloseris corals (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) with a density of approximately 500 ind m−2 was discovered (27°08΄55˝S, 109°26΄46˝W) on black sand in a depth range of approximately 79–85 m (Panels A, B). A few corals were overturned, exposing their white (azooxanthellate) undersides and sutures along which self-fragmentation took place (Panel …

Continued Eastward Range Expansion Of Black Phoebes (Sayornis Nigricans) In Southernmost Texas, Samuel G. Ortiz, Christopher A. Gabler, Timothy Brush

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

ABSTRACT—We observed black phoebe (Sayornis nigricans) nests, breeding pairs, and juveniles in Cameron County, Texas, in 2017. Our first confirmed nesting records in Cameron County document a continued eastward range expansion by black phoebes.

RESUMEN—En el 2017, observamos nidos, parejas reproductoras y juveniles del pajaro mosquero negro (Sayornis nigricans) en el condado de Cameron, Texas. Los primeros registros confirmados de reproducci ´on en el condado de Cameron son evidencia de una continua expansion hacia el este de la distribuci ´on geogr´afica del mosquero negro.

Sweet Potato: A Potentially Profitable Summer Crop For South Texas Organic Farmers To Enhance Soil Biological Activity And Nutrient Release, Jahdiel Salazar, Josabeth Navarro, James Jihoon Kang, Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

His Friend Judas: Why Didn't He Betray His Messiah?, Trevan Hatch

Faculty Publications

A question that Christians might ask is, if Jesus was so entrenched within and embracive of Judaism, then why did he condemn Jewish leaders and why was he ultimately rejected and killed by his fellow Jews? In this and the next four chapters (chapters 6–10) we will challenge the assumptions of that very question and illustrate that “the Jews” did not reject and kill Jesus, and that Jesus did not reject and condemn “the Jews.” We will explore the relationship between Jesus and his peers. We start in this chapter by looking at Judas, whose story is perhaps Exhibit A …

Volatiles And Trace Element Contents In Melt Inclusions From The Zoned Green Tuff Ignimbrite (Pantelleria, Sicily): Petrological Inferences., Pierangelo Romano, John C. White, Alessandro Ciulla, Ida Di Carlo, Claudia D'Oriano, Patrizia Landi, Silvio G. Rotolo

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The island of Pantelleria is one of the best known localities of bimodal mafic-felsic magmatism (alkali basalt and trachyte-pantellerite). Among the felsic rocks, the coexistence in a single eruption of products of both trachyte and pantellerite compositions is limited to few occurrences, the Green Tuff (GT) ignimbrite being one of these. The GT is compositionally zoned from pantellerite (70.1 wt% SiO2, mol Na+K/Al = 1.86, 1871 ppm Zr) at the base to crystal-rich (>30 vol%) comenditic trachyte (63.4 wt% SiO2, mol Na+K/Al = 1.10, 265 ppm Zr) at the top, although the pantellertic compositions dominate the erupted volume. We …

Hardball And/As Anti-Hardball, David E. Pozen

Faculty Scholarship

Talk of constitutional hardball is in the air. Ever since Brett Kavanaugh’s confirmation to the Supreme Court, liberal commentators have been pondering tactics such as impeachment, jurisdiction stripping, and especially “packing the court” to a degree that would have been unthinkable a few years ago. Senate Republicans have played vigorous hardball on Supreme Court appointments in the past two Congresses, most obviously by refusing to consider Merrick Garland’s nomination, and there is a strong desire among many Democrats to respond with equal or greater vigor.

The Value And Purpose Of Law: Essays In Honor Of M. N. S. Sellers, Colin Starger, Joshua Kassner

Books

This book reveals and discusses the foundations of law and justice. Fifteen leading lawyers and philosophers of law, representing thirteen nations and fifteen different philosophical schools examine the value and purpose of law, and the nature and requirements of law and justice. Some of the world's most learned and provocative legal scholars address the ultimate questions of legal and social philosophy from all angles and the broadest possible perspective, with special reference to the work of Mortimer Newlin Stead Sellers, and the republican, liberal, and analytical schools of legal thought.

The conclusions reached here are not fully unanimous, congruent or …

Alumni Association Board, 2019-2020, William & Mary Law School

Leadership Boards

No abstract provided.

Polydatin Attenuates Neuronal Loss Via Reducing Neuroinflammation And Oxidative Stress In Rat Mcao Models, Fawad Ali Shah, Lina Al Kury, Tao Li, Alam Zeb, Phil Ok Koh, Fang Liu, Qiang Zhou, Ishtiaq Hussain, Arif Ullah Khan, Yuhua Jiang, Shupeng Li

All Works

Copyright © 2019 Shah, Kury, Li, Zeb, Koh, Liu, Zhou, Hussain, Khan, Jiang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Ischemic stroke is characterized by permanent or transient obstruction of blood flow, which initiates a cascading pathological process, …

Relationships Between Teamwork And Suicidal Behavior In Juvenile Detention Facilities Using Bayesian Networks, Ginger Silvera, Linda Smail

All Works

© 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. This study examines the importance of teamwork among correctional officers within juvenile detention facilities and its relation to preventing suicides among youth. The analysis is done using Probabilistic Structural Equations Models implemented within Bayesian Network (PSEM) conducted using BayesiaLab software. PSEM are used to find possible relationships among the different variables involved in this study and to learn more about the importance of teamwork and how it can help prevent suicides. Youth who are incarcerated are more likely to contemplate …

Role Assigning And Taking In Cloud Computing, Shafaq Naheed Khan, Mathew Nicho, Haifa Takruri, Zakaria Maamar, Faouzi Kamoun

All Works

© 2019 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved. The widespread use of cloud computing (CC) has brought to the forefront information technology (IT) governance issues, rendering the lack of expertise in handling CC-based IT controls a major challenge for business enterprises and other societal organizations. In the cloud-computing context, this study identifies and ranks the determinants of role assigning and taking by IT people. The study's integrative research links CC and IT governance to humane arrangements, as it validates and ranks role assigning and taking components through in-depth interviews with twelve IT decision-makers and forty-four Information Systems …

Online Authentication Methods Used In Banks And Attacks Against These Methods, Anoud Bani-Hani, Munir Majdalweieh, Aisha Alshamsi

All Works

© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Growing threats and attacks to online banking security (e.g. phishing, identity theft) motivates most banks to look for and use stronger authentication methods instead of using a normal username and password authentication. The main objective of the research is to identify the most common online authentication methods used widely in international banks and compare it with the methods used in six banks operating in UAE. In addition, this research will cover the current authentication threats and attacks against these methods. Two well-defined comparison matrices [15], one based on characteristics and second one …

Vol 46, No. 1: Full Issue, Transportation Law Journal

Transportation Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Vol 46, No. 1: Table Of Contents, Transportation Law Journal

Transportation Law Journal

No abstract provided.