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2019

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Constructing Meaning Through Connection: Religious Perspectives On The Purpose Of Life, Quinn Galbraith, Adam Callister, Heather Kelly Jan 2019

Constructing Meaning Through Connection: Religious Perspectives On The Purpose Of Life, Quinn Galbraith, Adam Callister, Heather Kelly

Faculty Publications

Given prior research, which establishes a connection between religiosity and an increased sense of meaning in life, this study draws on qualitative data from interviews with 172 religious individuals living in Ireland and the United Kingdom in order to analyze what religious individuals perceive as their purpose in life. Interviews were conducted in person, recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded utilizing a team-based methodology. Researchers identified three main themes from the data related to the idea that the purpose of life is tied to relationships and connection: love and service toward others, family relationships, and connection with God. An analysis of …

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Do Psychological Factors Relate To Energy Saving Behaviours In Inefficient And Damp Homes? A Study Among English Social Housing Residents, C Boomsma, Rv Jones, S Pahl, A Fuertes Jan 2019

Do Psychological Factors Relate To Energy Saving Behaviours In Inefficient And Damp Homes? A Study Among English Social Housing Residents, C Boomsma, Rv Jones, S Pahl, A Fuertes

School of Psychology

Social housing residents are vulnerable to rising energy costs. Reductions in energy use through behaviour change may be part of the solution but require an insight into the factors that relate to energy saving behaviour in this context. This paper responds to recent calls for an integrated approach to studying energy saving behaviours, investigating psychological (i.e. attitudes; perceived behavioural control; subjective norms), contextual (i.e. dwelling energy efficiency; problems with condensation, damp and mould), and socio-demographic factors (i.e. gender; age) together. Data was collected using a cross-sectional survey among social housing residents in South-West England. Dwelling characteristics were not found to …

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The Core-10 In Screening For Current Mental Health Problems And Severe Mental Illness In Prisoners, Gwen O'Connor, Reg Morris Jan 2019

The Core-10 In Screening For Current Mental Health Problems And Severe Mental Illness In Prisoners, Gwen O'Connor, Reg Morris

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Factors Influencing Program Impact Evaluation In Cooperative Extension, Jan Ardis Flack Jan 2019

Factors Influencing Program Impact Evaluation In Cooperative Extension, Jan Ardis Flack

Education

Impact evaluation (IE) has become a major focus of Extension program evaluation during the past three decades, yet Extension professionals continue to struggle to produce well-documented evidence of program impacts (Lamm, 2011; Workman, 2010). This research was primarily a quantitative, non-experimental correlational study of factors associated with Extension educators’ IE behaviors and practices in the North Central Region of the Cooperative Extension service. The study employed a comprehensive, systems approach to explore interrelated individual and organizational factors that affect IE in Extension. A major feature of this research design was the use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) statistical analysis methodology. The …

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An Evaluation Of The Fishing For Litter (Ffl) Scheme In The Uk In Terms Of Attitudes, Behavior, Barriers And Opportunities, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Sabine Pahl, Lauren Carroll, Richard C. Thompson Jan 2019

An Evaluation Of The Fishing For Litter (Ffl) Scheme In The Uk In Terms Of Attitudes, Behavior, Barriers And Opportunities, Kayleigh J. Wyles, Sabine Pahl, Lauren Carroll, Richard C. Thompson

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Social Evaluation Of Faces Across Gender And Familiarity, Mila Mileva, Robin S.S. Kramer, A. Mike Burton Jan 2019

Social Evaluation Of Faces Across Gender And Familiarity, Mila Mileva, Robin S.S. Kramer, A. Mike Burton

School of Psychology

Models of social evaluation aim to capture the information people use to form first impressions of unfamiliar others. However, little is currently known about the relationship between perceived traits across gender. In Study 1, we asked viewers to provide ratings of key social dimensions (dominance, trustworthiness, etc.) for multiple images of 40 unfamiliar identities. We observed clear sex differences in the perception of dominance—with negative evaluations of high dominance in unfamiliar females but not males. In Study 2, we used the social evaluation context to investigate the key predictions about the importance of pictorial information in familiar and unfamiliar face …

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Awareness For Teacher Well-Being: Exploring Key Factors Of Teacher Experience, Mindfulness, And Self-Efficacy, Vickie Kay Conner Jan 2019

Awareness For Teacher Well-Being: Exploring Key Factors Of Teacher Experience, Mindfulness, And Self-Efficacy, Vickie Kay Conner

Education

Self-reported job satisfaction in K-12 teachers has decreased and it at its lowest in over twenty years. This study explored mindfulness levels—acute attentiveness and awareness of self-judgment and judgment on others—and teacher self-efficacy (TSE) levels-- how well teachers felt they perform teaching tasks—in student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management. The construct mindfulness and its subfactors were specifically measured for teachers’ attentiveness, teachers’ attitudes and willingness to forgive their weaknesses, their personal perceptions of how they act with awareness, and their perceptions of their own nonjudgmental attitudes. Three mindfulness scales measured teachers’ perceived acute self-awareness, and one teacher self-efficacy scale …

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Mine Or Mother’S? Exploring The Self-Ownership Effect Across Cultures, M Golubickis, Nsp Ho, Jk Falbén, Km Mackenzie, A Boschetti, Wa Cunningham, Macrae C Neil Jan 2019

Mine Or Mother’S? Exploring The Self-Ownership Effect Across Cultures, M Golubickis, Nsp Ho, Jk Falbén, Km Mackenzie, A Boschetti, Wa Cunningham, Macrae C Neil

School of Psychology

In exploring self-biases in cognition and decision-making, recent research has demonstrated cultural variation in the emergence of the self-ownership effect in memory. Whereas Westerners display enhanced memory for items owned by the self (vs. mother), this effect is reversed among Asian participants. Developing this line of inquiry, here we considered whether cultural influences on ownership extend to other outcomes—specifically, the efficiency of object categorization. In two experiments, Western and Asian participants were required to report if previously assigned items (i.e., pencils and pens) were owned-by-self or owned-by-mother. Results revealed a self-prioritization effect for participants from both cultures, such that responses …

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Intellectual And Experiential Knowing: An Exploratory Factor Analysis To Uncover The Underlying Structure Of Knowing, Francis Oakgrove Jan 2019

Intellectual And Experiential Knowing: An Exploratory Factor Analysis To Uncover The Underlying Structure Of Knowing, Francis Oakgrove

Education

Knowledge and the acquisition thereof have long been debated throughout human history. Several authors have suggested that knowing and knowledge differ among people. However, there is consistency among these studies that suggests a dualism within Western philosophy where a person exists of a mind and a body—two distinct and separate entities—with the mind as the central point of knowing. The theoretical framework for this study suggests that the dualism representation is limiting. Further, it posits that the body is also a central point for knowing. Hence, the Ways of Knowing Scale (WoKS) was developed in an attempt to measure the …

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Safeguarding Children And The Use Of Theory In Practice, Pa Welbourne Jan 2019

Safeguarding Children And The Use Of Theory In Practice, Pa Welbourne

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

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Examining The Lived Experiences Of Native American Counselors Working On The Reservation: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, Brynn Alexandra Luger Jan 2019

Examining The Lived Experiences Of Native American Counselors Working On The Reservation: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, Brynn Alexandra Luger

Education

The success of mental health counseling partially depends on the professionals who are providing these services, also on the quality of services they provide. To maximize their efficacy, counselors must achieve and maintain their own personal wellness. However, for counselors who work with people who have experienced trauma, there is an increased chance that these counselors will experience adverse effects from this work. In fact, the impact of trauma on counseling professionals is similar to actually experiencing the traumatic event themselves. Native Americans are more likely than any other racial group in the United States to experience chronic traumatization and …

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Consequential Validity And Social Studies Education: An Examination Of Standards, Assessment Policies, And Teacher Preparation, Michael Scott Learn Jan 2019

Consequential Validity And Social Studies Education: An Examination Of Standards, Assessment Policies, And Teacher Preparation, Michael Scott Learn

Education

Educational quality is a way to influence the future of the American economy (Hanushek, 1986). Large-scale assessments are designed to determine quality in education by measuring student achievement. A connection exists between the standards, teachers, and assessments that form a system of accountability within education. State and national accountability policies place value in certain educational fields, thereby preferring some while excluding others. As a result, accountability systems influence the field of social studies in several unanticipated ways. Consequential validity suggests that assessments should include value implications and relevance (Messick, 1989). While assessment research examines the disciplines of mathematics, science, and …

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An Investigation Of Reliability Of The Sunderland Tracheosophageal Voice Perceptual Scale., Margaret M. Coffey, Neil Tolley, David Howard, Mary Hickson Jan 2019

An Investigation Of Reliability Of The Sunderland Tracheosophageal Voice Perceptual Scale., Margaret M. Coffey, Neil Tolley, David Howard, Mary Hickson

School of Health Professions

BACKGROUND: The Sunderland Tracheosophageal Voice Perceptual scale (SToPS) is the only perceptual rating scale designed specifically for tracheosophageal voice [Hurren et al.: Clin Otolaryngol. 2009 Dec; 34(6): 533-8]. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inter rater reliability of the SToPS when analyzing alaryngeal voice. METHODS: Prospective evaluation of inter rater reliability of the SToPS based on audio recordings of 230 voice samples from 41 laryngectomy patients rated by 3 experts. Interval data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) while categorical data were analyzed using Kappa. RESULTS: ICC of above 0.6 was observed between raters for each prosthesis on a majority of …

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Primary Care Models For Community-Dwelling Adults With Long-Term Conditions: A Scoping Review Protocol, Samantha Whiting, David Robertson, Katrina Bannigan Jan 2019

Primary Care Models For Community-Dwelling Adults With Long-Term Conditions: A Scoping Review Protocol, Samantha Whiting, David Robertson, Katrina Bannigan

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

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Uncertainty And Blocking In Human Causal Learning, Peter M. Jones, Tara Zaksaite, Chris J. Mitchell Jan 2019

Uncertainty And Blocking In Human Causal Learning, Peter M. Jones, Tara Zaksaite, Chris J. Mitchell

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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The Pursuit Of Compassionate Hope: Repurposing The University Through The Sustainable Development Agenda, A Morgan, P Warwick, W Miller Jan 2019

The Pursuit Of Compassionate Hope: Repurposing The University Through The Sustainable Development Agenda, A Morgan, P Warwick, W Miller

Plymouth Institute of Education

No abstract provided.

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Early Hour, Golden Hour: An Exploration Of Slovenian Older People’S Meaningful Occupations, Tanja Križaj, Anne Roberts, Alison Warren, Anita Slade Jan 2019

Early Hour, Golden Hour: An Exploration Of Slovenian Older People’S Meaningful Occupations, Tanja Križaj, Anne Roberts, Alison Warren, Anita Slade

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

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Multicomponent Hospital-Led Interventions To Reduce Hospital Stay For Older Adults Following Elective Surgery: A Systematic Review, M Nunns, L Shaw, S Briscoe, Coon J Thompson, A Hemsley, Js Mcgrath, Cj Lovegrove, D Thomas, R Anderson Jan 2019

Multicomponent Hospital-Led Interventions To Reduce Hospital Stay For Older Adults Following Elective Surgery: A Systematic Review, M Nunns, L Shaw, S Briscoe, Coon J Thompson, A Hemsley, Js Mcgrath, Cj Lovegrove, D Thomas, R Anderson

School of Health Professions

BackgroundElective older adult inpatient admissions are increasingly common. Older adults are at an elevated risk of adverse events in hospital, potentially increasing with lengthier hospital stay. Hospital-led organisational strategies may optimise hospital stay for elective older adult inpatients.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of hospital-led multicomponent interventions to reduce hospital stay for older adults undergoing elective hospital admissions.Data sourcesSeven bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, EMBASE, Health Management Information Consortium, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database) were searched from inception to date of …

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I-Berlioz: Towards Interactive Computer-Aided Orchestration With Temporal Control, Er Miranda, A Antoine, J-M Celerier, M Desainte-Catherine Jan 2019

I-Berlioz: Towards Interactive Computer-Aided Orchestration With Temporal Control, Er Miranda, A Antoine, J-M Celerier, M Desainte-Catherine

School of Art, Design and Architecture

This paper introduces i-Berlioz, a proof-of-concept interactive Computer Aided Orchestration (CAO) system that suggests combinations of musical instruments to produce timbres specified by the user by means of verbal descriptors. The system relies on machine learning for timbre classification and generative orchestration, and tools to write and execute interactive scenarios. The paper details the two main parts of i-Berlioz: its generative and exploratory engines, respectively, accompanied with examples. The authors discuss how i-Berlioz can aid the composition of musical form based on timbre.

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User-Behavior Trust Modeling In Cloud Security, Maryam Alruwaythi Jan 2019

User-Behavior Trust Modeling In Cloud Security, Maryam Alruwaythi

Computer Science

With the cloud computing increasing in popularity by providing a massive number of services such as recourses and data center, the number of attacks is increasing. Security is a basic concern in cloud computing, and threats can occur both internally and externally. Users can access the cloud infrastructure for software, operating systems, and network infrastructure provided by the cloud service providers (CSPs). Evaluating users’ behavior in the cloud-computing infrastructure is becoming more important for both cloud users (CSs) and the CSPs that must ensure safety for users accessing the cloud. Because user authentication alone is not enough to ensure the …

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Scalable Particle Swarm Optimization And Differential Evolution Approaches Applied To Classification, Jamil Al-Sawwa Jan 2019

Scalable Particle Swarm Optimization And Differential Evolution Approaches Applied To Classification, Jamil Al-Sawwa

Computer Science

Applying the nature-inspired methods in the data mining area has been gaining more attention by researchers. Classification is one of the data mining tasks which aims to analyze historical data by discovering hidden relationships between the input and the output that would help to predict an accurate outcome for an unseen input. The classification algorithms based on nature-inspired methods have been successfully used in numerous applications such as medicine and agriculture. However, the amount of data that has been collected or generated in these areas has been increasing exponentially. Thus, extracting useful information from large data requires computational time and …

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̶D̶̶I̶̶S̶ Abled: A Salutogenic Approach To Design For The Enhancement Of The Ada Design Standards In The Built Environment For The Positive Impact On Mental Health Of Its Inhabitants, Amy Mueller Jan 2019

̶D̶̶I̶̶S̶ Abled: A Salutogenic Approach To Design For The Enhancement Of The Ada Design Standards In The Built Environment For The Positive Impact On Mental Health Of Its Inhabitants, Amy Mueller

Architecture Theses

Physical and mental health encompass the overall well-being of a person. However, people seem to immediately observe the physical health of others in society while the concept of “mental health” is left unspoken. The very foundation of the ADA Design Standards used by architects utilize guidelines for those with physical disabilities yet are missing the application of assisting those with mental illness. Consider a bottom-up approach of design that incorporates elements friendly to the psychological side of design. The overarching premise of this project emphasizes that architecture can positively impact the mental health of people and how improved design standards …

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Elements Of Intensive Care Bereavement Follow-Up Services: A European Survey, Ingrid Egerod, Gudrun Kaldan, John Albarran, Maureen Coombs, Marion Mitchell, Jos M. Latour Jan 2019

Elements Of Intensive Care Bereavement Follow-Up Services: A European Survey, Ingrid Egerod, Gudrun Kaldan, John Albarran, Maureen Coombs, Marion Mitchell, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background: Despite technological innovations and continuous improvement in evidence-based treatments, mortality in the intensive care unit remains high. Consequently, a large group of family members may be in need, and benefit from bereavement follow-up support. Aim: To explore elements, organization, and evaluation of ICU bereavement services in European countries. Specific objectives were to investigate: 1) the model of bereavement follow-up services (elements of support), 2) the workforce model (organization of staff), 3) the evaluation model (evaluation strategies). Study design: Cross-sectional survey of conference delegates. Methods: A paper and pen questionnaire including a cover letter assuring the respondents of anonymity and …

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Brain Injury Case Managers' Experience Of Mental Capacity And The Uk's Mental Capacity Act: Supporting Decision Making, M Holloway, A Norman, J Dean Jan 2019

Brain Injury Case Managers' Experience Of Mental Capacity And The Uk's Mental Capacity Act: Supporting Decision Making, M Holloway, A Norman, J Dean

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Physical Foundations Of Biological Mentality, Kenneth Augustyn Jan 2019

Physical Foundations Of Biological Mentality, Kenneth Augustyn

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Dualism struggles to connect two layers: the conscious mind and the physical workings of matter. It ignores a vast middle layer between the two, a layer that is beneath consciousness yet above known physical law. This middle layer is trans-robotic mentality, a means discovered by Nature to transcend robotic mentality. This middle layer evolved over billions of years before consciousness emerged from it, assuming more and more functions critical to survival as species evolved. Consciousness eventually emerged from trans-robotic mentality (not from robotic mentality), first intermittently then later more-or-less continuously. But there is no direct link between consciousness and matter. …

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Promoting Support For Public Health Policies Through Mediated Contact: Can Narrator Perspective And Self-Disclosure Curb In-Group Favoritism?, Riva Tukachinsky, Emily Brogan-Freitas, Tessa Urbanovich Jan 2019

Promoting Support For Public Health Policies Through Mediated Contact: Can Narrator Perspective And Self-Disclosure Curb In-Group Favoritism?, Riva Tukachinsky, Emily Brogan-Freitas, Tessa Urbanovich

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

An online 2 × 2 factorial experiment (N = 203) examined the effect of parasocial contact on support for public health policies in the context of opioid addiction. We hypothesize that because of an intergroup dynamic, individuals are less likely to engage with an outgroup character than an in-group character featured in a news magazine article. Results support the in-group favoritism hypothesis. The study examines two narrative devices for overcoming this tendency: the narrator’s perspective and amount of insight into the character’s inner world through character self-disclosure. We find support for the narrator perspective but not for the self-disclosure effect. …

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The Adoption Of Collaborative Robots Toward Ubiquitous Diffusion: A Research Agenda, Yuhua (Jake) Liang, Seungcheol Austin Lee Jan 2019

The Adoption Of Collaborative Robots Toward Ubiquitous Diffusion: A Research Agenda, Yuhua (Jake) Liang, Seungcheol Austin Lee

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

This paper proposes a framework to study the adoption of collaborative robots (co-robots or cobots) as an innovation and their diffusion into the larger population. Collaborative robots are only starting to appear in our society, yet challenges such as fear and distrust may impede their further adoption. This paper discusses the foundational work necessary to understand collaborative robot adoption and the core elements to achieve ubiquitous diffusion, with a focus on human users and the communication processes.

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Exile As “Place” For Empathy, Ilana Maymind Jan 2019

Exile As “Place” For Empathy, Ilana Maymind

Religious Studies Faculty Books and Book Chapters

"Historically, exile has been a political act that has various philosophical and psychological ramifications. In the Roman world, exile was a substitute for physical death.1 Adorno argues that exile is a 'life in suspension' as a result of being placed in the diasporic conditions of estrangement. For Adorno, 'it is part of morality not to be at home in one’s home,'2 since being in exile makes one a perpetual stranger and sharpens one’s ethical stance. The idea of being a stranger leads to the significance of the issue of empathy. In this chapter, I discuss Shinran and Maimonides …

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Illusionist Integrated Information Theory, Kelvin J. Mcqueen Jan 2019

Illusionist Integrated Information Theory, Kelvin J. Mcqueen

Philosophy Faculty Articles and Research

The integrated information theory (IIT) is a promising theory of consciousness. However, there are several problems with IIT's axioms and postulates. Moreover, IIT entails that some twodimensional grids of identical logic gates have more consciousness than humans. Many have found this prediction to be implausible, and as will be argued here, this prediction also exacerbates the so-called 'hard problem of consciousness'. Recently, it has been argued that if we treat the phenomenological aspects of consciousness as an illusion (illusionism), we can avoid the hard problem altogether by replacing it with the more tractable illusion problem: the problem of explaining how …

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Self-Ownership As Personal Sovereignty, John Thrasher Jan 2019

Self-Ownership As Personal Sovereignty, John Thrasher

Philosophy Faculty Articles and Research

Self-ownership has fallen out of favor as a core moral and political concept. I argue that this is because the most popular conception of self-ownership, what I call the property conception, is typically linked to a libertarian (of the left or right) political program. Seeing self-ownership and libertarianism as being necessarily linked leads those who are not inclined toward libertarianism to reject the idea of self-ownership altogether. This, I argue, is mistaken. Self-ownership is a crucial moral and political concept that can earn its keep if we understand it not as type of property right in the self, but rather …

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