Digital Commons Network^™

The Effects Of Respiratory Muscle Training On The Respiratory Function, And Weaning Among Ventilator-Dependent Patients, Chia-Hui Liu, Yu-Ying Li, Pei-Lung Lee, Yu-Kuang Chen, Ching-Hui Wang, Li-Ing Ho

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Our study is a pilot of RCT's study. Respiratory muscle training (abdominal muscle training) was the intervention from 9AM to 9PM/28 days. A total number of 24 patients were included. Patient can improve the inspiratory muscle strength by respiratory muscle training.

Aromatherapy: A Non-Pharmacological Intervention For The Prevention Of Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting, Ronald Malit, Paschale Dorismond-Parks

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

An evidence-based practice project focused on aromatherapy as an adjunct modality in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting during the immediate post-recovery period. Results showed a 40%-60% reduction of antiemetic medication usage and increased Press Ganey overall patient satisfaction scores among the Ambulatory Surgery population (92.5% to 95.1%).

Alma Link Resolver Title & Issn Report (Top 500) 2018-2019, Andreé J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics for 2018-2019 on the total number of OpenURL requests by journal title and ISSN made to the Ex Libris Alma link resolver for items held by the University of Rhode Island Libraries. Includes only the top 500 journals.

Information provided includes journal Title, ISSN, EISSN, Number of Requests, Number of Clicked Requests, % Clicks from Requests.

Alma Link Resolver Subject Report 2018-2019, Andrée J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics for 2018-2019 on the number of OpenURL requests by Library of Congress classification code made to the Ex Libris Alma link resolver for items held by the University of Rhode Island Libraries.

Information provided includes Classification Code, Classifications, Number of Requests, Number of Clicked Requests, and % Clicks from Requests.

Cohort Description Of The Madagascar Health And Environmental Research–Antongil (Mahery–Antongil) Study In Madagascar, Christopher D. Golden, Cortni Borgerson, Benjamin L. Rice, Lindsay H. Allen, Evelin Jean Gasta Anjaranirina, Christopher B. Barrett, Godfred Boateng, Jessica A. Gephart, Daniela Hampel, Daniel L. Hartl, Erwin Knippenberg, Samuel S. Myers, Dera H. Ralalason, Herlyne Ramihantaniarivo, Hervet Randriamady, Setareh Shahab-Ferdows, Bapu Vaitla, Sarah K. Volkman, Miadana Arisoa Vonona

Department of Anthropology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The Madagascar Health and Environmental Research-Antongil (MAHERY-Antongil) study cohort was set up in September 2015 to assess the nutritional value of seafood for the coastal Malagasy population living along Antongil Bay in northeastern Madagascar. Over 28 months of surveillance, we aimed to understand the relationships among different marine resource governance models, local people’s fish catch, the consumption of seafood, and nutritional status. In the Antongil Bay, fisheries governance takes three general forms: traditional management, marine national parks, and co-management. Traditional management involves little to no involvement by the national government or non-governmental organizations, and focuses on culturally accepted Malagasy community …

White Matter Hyperintensity Regression: Comparison Of Brain Atrophy And Cognitive Profiles With Progression And Stable Groups, Omar M. Al-Janabi, Christopher E. Bauer, Larry B. Goldstein, Richard R. Murphy, Ahmed A. Bahrani, Charles D. Smith, Donna M. Wilcock, Brian T. Gold, Gregory A. Jicha

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Subcortical white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in the aging population frequently represent vascular injury that may lead to cognitive impairment. WMH progression is well described, but the factors underlying WMH regression remain poorly understood. A sample of 351 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2 (ADNI2) was explored who had WMH volumetric quantification, structural brain measures, and cognitive measures (memory and executive function) at baseline and after approximately 2 years. Selected participants were categorized into three groups based on WMH change over time, including those that demonstrated regression (n = 96; 25.5%), stability (n = 72; 19.1%), and …

Trans-Trismethoxy Resveratrol Decreased Fat Accumulation Dependent On Fat-6 And Fat-7 In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Yiren Yue, Peiyi Shen, Amanda L. Chang, Weipeng Qi, Kee Hong Kim, Daeyoung Kim, Yeonhwa Park

Department of Food Science Faculty Publications

trans-Trismethoxy resveratrol (TMR) is a methyl analog of resveratrol. It is found to exhibit enhanced biological effects compared to resveratrol, such as inhibition of cancer cell growth and pro-apoptotic activities. However, the role of TMR in lipid metabolism is not fully understood. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans, an in vivo nematode model which has been widely applied in disease research, including research on obesity, to investigate the effect of TMR on lipid metabolism. Treatment with TMR (100 and 200 μM) for 4 days significantly reduced triglyceride accumulation (14% and 20% reduction over the control, respectively) of C. elegans, …

Identity And Memory, Ryley Hinton

Philosophy Summer Fellows

For my Summer Fellows project, I researched personal identity in a philosophical way. The goal was to disambiguate the concept of self-identity, understand what the main notions of identity are, and look at how they apply in different circumstances. My philosophical approach is to treat films as philosophical thought experiments, imaginative situations that reveal the meaning and limits of concepts. Films are great for exploring the topic of identity because they present characters struggling with their self-identity as situations change around them. A major focus of my research is the role of memory in the formation of one’s identity and …

Empowering Health: Are Teenagers Taking Part In The Electronic Healthcare Revolution?, Ruth A. Bush, Andrew Richardson, Genesis R. Bojorquez, George J. Chiang

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

This analysis of pediatric patient portal use demonstrates parent proxies and adolescent patients' portal use was for secure messaging, making appointments, and reviewing laboratory results. While adolescents were significantly more likely to view laboratory results than parents, overall they are less likely to activate accounts, indicating barriers to use exist.

Use Of Two-Replisome Plasmids To Characterize How Chromosome Replication Completes, Nicklas Alexander Hamilton

Dissertations and Theses

All living organisms need to accurately replicate their genome to survive. Genomic replication occurs in three phases; initiation, elongation, and completion. While initiation and elongation have been extensively characterized, less is known about how replication completes. In Escherichia coli completion occurs at sites where two replication forks converge and is proposed to involve the transiently bypass of the forks, before the overlapping sequences are resected and joined. The reaction requires RecBCD, and involves several other gene products including RecG, ExoI, and SbcDC but can occur independent of recombination or RecA. While several proteins are known to be involved, how they …

Mdivi-1, A Mitochondrial Fission Inhibitor, Modulates T Helper Cells And Suppresses The Development Of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis., Yan-Hua Li, Fang Xu, Rodolfo Thome, Min-Fang Guo, Man-Luan Sun, Guo-Bin Song, Rui-Lan Li, Zhi Chai, Bogoljub Ciric, A. M. Rostami, Mark T. Curtis, Cun-Gen Ma, Guang-Xian Zhang

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Unrestrained activation of Th1 and Th17 cells is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While inactivation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, can reduce EAE severity by protecting myelin from demyelination, its effect on immune responses in EAE has not yet been studied.

METHODS: We investigated the effect of Mdivi-1, a small molecule inhibitor of Drp1, on EAE. Clinical scores, inflammation, demyelination and Drp1 activation in the central nervous system (CNS), and T cell responses in both CNS and periphery were determined.

RESULTS: Mdivi-1 effectively …

Inadequate Data Limit The Analysis Of Health Disparities And Causes: A Call For Research On Youth Interpersonal Violence, Maria Isabel Roldós, Tilda Farhat

Publications and Research

Interpersonal violence among racial and ethnic minority youth is of great concern in health disparity research. Child maltreatment (CM), adolescent dating abuse (ADA), sexual abuse, and polyvictimization are key forms of interpersonal violence that require surveillance and national epidemiological data. However, national data systems and published evidence do not depict this health burden for all racial and ethnic populations. Prevalence and incidence rates for American Indians, Eskimo, and Asian youth are absent from most estimates. This commentary provides a brief overview of the gaps in the literature and offers suggestions for addressing these gaps.

July 19, 2019, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

An Intersectional Feminist Rhetorical Reframing Of Rhetorics Of Efficiency Within Public Policy: Embodied Knowledge And Usability, Oriana A. Gilson

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on public policies that are presented under the pretext that they benefit all members of society but that in fact reserve those privileges for those who conform to reductive policy mandates. Specifically, this project employs an intersectional feminist rhetorical methodology that is committed to identifying and challenging exclusionary rhetorics of efficiency and propelling the agentive power of those whose embodied realities places them outside of the normative user-group imagined by, and constructed through, a specific policy. This dissertation begins with a synthesis of scholarship that is key to the theorization and application of an intersectional feminist rhetorical, …

Multi-Functional Electrospun Nanofibers From Polymer Blends For Scaffold Tissue Engineering, Samerender Nagam Hanumantharao, Smitha Rao

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Electrospinning and polymer blending have been the focus of research and the industry for their versatility, scalability, and potential applications across many different fields. In tissue engineering, nanofiber scaffolds composed of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or a mixture of both have been reported. This review reports recent advances in polymer blended scaffolds for tissue engineering and the fabrication of functional scaffolds by electrospinning. A brief theory of electrospinning and the general setup as well as modifications used are presented. Polymer blends, including blends with natural polymers, synthetic polymers, mixture of natural and synthetic polymers, and nanofiller systems, are discussed in …

The Influence Of Filter Parameters On The Prediction Accuracy Of The Ground Reaction Force And Joint Moments, Sina David, Marion Mundt, Arnd Koeppe, Franz Bamer, Bernd Markert, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Athletes’ movement biomechanics are of high interest to predict injury risk, especially in maximum effort cutting manoeuvres. However, using a standard optical measurement set-up with cameras and force plates influences the athlete’s performance. Therefore, alternative methods, e.g. Neural Networks, have been used to predict kinetic parameters based on easier to measure kinematic parameters. A previous study has evoked the question, whether the filtering processes of the input and output parameters used for training a feedforward neural network affect the prediction accuracy. To answer this question, four different filter combinations have been used during the pre-processing of joint angles, ground reaction …

Movement History And Skill Level Impact Motor Exploration Of Novel Human Machine Interactions: A Preliminary Study, Joshua Haworth, Danica Cooley, Elena Kokkoni

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The current study provides preliminary data from an investigation of the relationship between movement history and skill on the approach a person takes to explore human machine interactions (HMI). We recruited participants representing a spectrum of athletic performers to non-performers to complete a set of manual dexterity tests as well as three tasks related to different aspects of HMI. Currently, our main finding is that dexterity seems to be related to goal discovery in the free search task, though it is not related to task completion time under an instructed task nor rating of utility of HMI. Ultimately, these results …

Neural Network Method To Predicting Stance-Phase Ground Reaction Force In Distance Runners, Alec C. Miller, Marwan Aljohani, Hoon Kim, Kristof Kipp

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to use machine learning (i.e., artificial neural network – ANN), to predict vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) from tibial accelerations in runners with different foot strike patterns and at different running speeds. Thirty-eight healthy runners ran at three different speeds: the pace at which the runner spends most of their training time (LSD), 15% faster than LSD (LSD15), and 30% faster than LSD (LSD30). vGRF and IMU-based accelerations from the tibia were collected during the last 30 seconds at each speed. Tibial accelerations were used to calculate the resultant tibial acceleration (RTA). Time-series stance-phase …

Active Learning And Student Beliefs About Learning, Duane Knudson

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study documented the potential change in student epistemology of learning biomechanical concepts over a 5-week introductory biomechanics course implementing low-tech AL exercises. Twenty-five students agreed to participate and completed a pre- and post-test consisting of the Biomechanics Concept Inventory version 2 and two questions on their perceptions about the nature of learning. The active learning instruction increased mastery of biomechanical concepts over levels previously reported for lecture alone. Most students had positive perceptions of active learning experiences, however, some (4-12%) students had negative perceptions and decreased their interest in working with other students. Student epistemology did not change over …

Muscle Force Contributions To Ground Reaction Force Profiles During Basketball Related Tasks, Kristof Kipp, Hoon Kim, Janelle Cross, Christopher Geiser

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to describe the contributions of individual leg muscles to the production of ground reaction forces (GRF) during basketball related tasks. One male and female college basketball player performed horizontal drop vertical jumps (DJ) and lateral side steps (SS). Motion capture and GRF data were recorded and used as inputs to an induced acceleration analysis to calculate the contribution of each muscle to the GRF during each task. Soleus and vasti muscle forces were the respective primary and secondary contributors to vertical GRF during the DJ. Forces from the vasti muscle group were also the …

Maturity Related Changes In Inter-Subject Variability During Cutting Manoeuvres Of Adolescent Soccer Players, Thomas Dupré, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The incidence of various injury rises with the onset of puberty and the growth spurt around 13 years. The biomechanical reasons are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematics of the hip and knee joint of pre peak height velocity (PHV) and mid PHV soccer players during a 90° cutting manoeuvre. Twenty-two participants were investigated with a 3D movement analysis system and a force platform. Results showed no statistical difference in the time series of the hip and knee joint kinematics. Average variability of the knee flexion and internal rotation angle were significantly higher for …

Intra-Individual Joint Angle Variation During The Take-Off Step Of Long Jumpers With Transtibial Amputation – Preliminary Results, Johannes Funken, Steffen Willwacher, Kai Heinrich, Ralf Müller, Hiroaki Hobara, Alena M. Grabowski, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Biomechanical knowledge of the long jump take-off step is not comprehensive for athletes with below the knee amputation (BKA), yet it is important for improving training protocols and performance. Three-dimensional motion capture (Vicon) and a mathematical rigid-body model (Dynamicus, Alaska) were used to calculate joint angles during repeated long jump take-off steps of athletes with and without BKA. Preliminary results indicate that those athletes with BKA who perform better during the long jump compared to another athlete with BKA, have relatively high intra-individual joint angle variation at the knee and hip joint at the instant of take-off compared to non-amputee …

Lower Spine Loading And Pelvic Kinematics Throughout A Near-Maximal 10 Km Run, Till Koopmann, Maximilian Sanno, Daniela Mählich, Markus Kurz, Dominik Fohrmann, Patrick Mai, Gert-Peter Brüggemann, Steffen Willwacher

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on lower back loading and pelvis kinematics in distance running. Kinetic and kinematic data of the whole body was recorded for 13 subjects during a near-maximal 10-km run. Pelvis kinematics were calculated in 3D while moments acting on the lumbar spine were determined by using a full body lumbar spine model in OpenSim. We found significant effects of running distance for pelvis kinematics in the transversal and sagittal plane whereas the lumbar spine moments increased significantly in the frontal and transversal plane. These results support earlier findings …

Effects Of Baton Exchange Pair Strategies On The Relay Performance Of College Students In Physical Education Class, Akihiro Azuma, Kazuhiro Matsui

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We examined the effects of baton exchange pair strategies on the college students‘ relay performance in physical education (PE) class. The subject included 72 students in relay PE class. A multiple regression analysis was conducted by setting 2 x 50 m relay time as an dependent variable and the sum of each personal 50-m run time (50RT) for a baton exchange pair (Σ50RT), delta of each 50RT (Δ50RT), and distance between from the start line of baton exchange zone and the receiver’s position to start running (d_SL) as independent variables. All independent variables were significant; the coefficient of …

Relationship Of Body Mass And Bilateral Running Gait Parameters In Elite American Football Players, Monique Mokha, Lia Jiannine, Peter Bommarito, Jose Antonio

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Sprinting is integral to American football and is thought to be influenced by the same gait parameters as track runners; however, the heavier mass of American football players may influence performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mass, contact time (T_C), aerial time (T_A), swing time (T_S), and stance-averaged vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF) for both limbs. Subjects ran on an instrumented treadmill for 5 sec at 6.5 m/s. T_c, T_A, T_S and stance-averaged vGRF were compared between limbs and examined for association with …

Limit Cycle Dynamics Across Elite Male Artistic Gymnasts, Sophie Burton, Domenico Vicinanza Dr, Timothy Exell, Genevieve Williams, Karl Newell, Gareth Irwin

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Biological systems described by their attractor dynamics provide a method to understand the fundamental characteristics of skilled movement. Here the limit cycle dynamics of the longswing were investigated across tiers of elite men’s gymnasts. Senior, junior and development elite gymnasts (N=21) performed three trials of eight consecutive longswings on high bar. Limit cycle analysis revealed a more symmetrical angular velocity of the centre of mass about the bar trajectory in phase space, higher recurrence, lower correlation dimension and lower variability for senior gymnasts suggesting a more deterministic, efficient and predictive technique. The addition of non-linear dynamics to traditional biomechanics offers …

Road Bike Damping: Comfort Or Performance Related?, Josef Viellehner, Potthast Wolfgang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to determine if a road bike specific damping system increases short term performance. Muscular activation of the triceps surae and quadriceps femoris, oxygen consumption, heartrate and maximum power output of thirty male, trained cyclists were recorded. The participants performed on a damped and non-damped road racing bike six-minute steady state and four-minute all-out tests with and without vibration. Vibration significantly increased the mean activation of the triceps surae and significantly increased oxygen uptake and heartrate. Damping had no impact on muscular activation, energy requirements and cardiopulmonary response. It is therefore concluded, that cycling specific …

Joint Angle Estimation During Fast Cutting Manoeuvres Using Artificial Neural Networks, Marion Mundt, Sina David, Arnd Koeppe, Franz Bamer, Wolfgang Potthast, Bernd Markert

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Athletes’ movement biomechanics are of high interest to predict injury risk. However, using a standard optical measurement set-up with cameras and force plates influences the athlete’s performance. Alternative systems such as commercial IMU systems are still jeopardised by measurement discrepancies in the analysis of joint angles. Therefore, this study aims to estimate hip, knee and ankle joint angles from simulated IMU data during the execution and depart contact of a maximum effort 90° cutting manoeuvre using a feed-forward neural network. Simulated accelerations and angular rates of the feet, shanks, thighs and pelvis as input data. The correlation coefficient between the …

Braking And Propulsive Impulses Across A Range Of Running Speeds In Unilateral Transfemoral Amputees, Hiroyuki Sakata, Satoru Hashizume, Hiroshi Takemura, Hiroaki Hobara

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Braking and propulsive ground reaction force impulses (GRIs) are mechanical parameters affecting the running performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the braking and propulsive GRIs across a range of speeds in unilateral transfemoral amputees. Ten unilateral transfemoral amputees ran on an instrumented treadmill at incremental speeds of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% of their maximum speed. At all given speeds, the braking GRI of affected limb was significantly smaller than unaffected limb; however, the propulsive GRIs were similar for both limbs. Consequently, the net anteroposterior GRI was positive in affected limb and negative in unaffected limb. …

Postural Response To Varied Velocity And Duration Visual Perturbations In Virtual Reality, David Phillips

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the center of pressure response to visual perturbations presented in virtual reality (VR). The visual perturbations were an anterior or posterior displacement that varied in velocity (1m/s, 3m/s & 5m/s) and duration (0.6s, 1s and 2 s). The center of pressure distance travelled was measured in the anterior-posterior direction while subjects balance on one foot. Four subjects were evaluated in the pilot. A t-test was used to examine the pooled effect of the perturbations. The visual perturbation significantly increased the distance the center of pressure travelled (p = 0.041). A 2-way …