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2019

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Drp1 Inhibition Is Protective Against Mitochondrial And Autophagic Impairment Induced By Alpha-Synuclein, Zhangqiuzi Fan Jan 2019

Drp1 Inhibition Is Protective Against Mitochondrial And Autophagic Impairment Induced By Alpha-Synuclein, Zhangqiuzi Fan

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder with currently no effective neuroprotective or neurorestorative treatments available. Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) pathology is one of the key proteins involved in PD pathology, it has been found to induce mitochondrial dysfunction, yet the mechanism is not entirely understood. This thesis project tests the hypothesis that α-syn induces mitochondrial dysfunction through disruption of fission/fusion pathway. Using an inducible cell line, I successfully demonstrated that in a time-dependent manner α-syn overexpression induces mitochondrial fragmentation through disruption of fission/fusion dynamics, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. In …

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The Role Of Cd133 In Mouse Incisor Tooth Epithelium, Donald Singer Jan 2019

The Role Of Cd133 In Mouse Incisor Tooth Epithelium, Donald Singer

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Since its discovery, CD133 has been used to identify, isolate and characterise many different stem cell types across a wide variety of tissues. Nonetheless, to date not much has been elucidated about its function in these cells. The continuously growing mouse incisor contains a large population of epithelial stem cells that drive the constant need for enamel generation. Using this model, this project aims to elucidate the role of CD133 in epithelial stem cell renewal and activation. After validating the presence of CD133 in the developing mouse incisor epithelium, this project compared the dental epithelial stem cell dynamics of wildtype …

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A Proteomics Approach To Investigate Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli, Nizar Hamed E Saeedi Jan 2019

A Proteomics Approach To Investigate Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli, Nizar Hamed E Saeedi

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most commonly known cause of urinary tract infection (UTI). The possession of many virulence factors and global dissemination of multi-drug resistant UPEC strains is posing a critical risk to treatment worldwide. The most virulent UPEC strains have descended from major lineages such as sequence type (ST) 131, ST38 and ST127. Strains of ST127 exhibit the highest virulence potential of most UPEC lineages, but little is known about their pathogenicity. Previous studies have reported the important role of metabolic adaptations in UPEC virulence. This study investigated the metabolic adaptations of UPEC isolates, with a focus …

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Medical Microbiology: Discovery Of New Antimicrobial Drugs To Treat Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria, Abdu Hussein A. Aldarhami Jan 2019

Medical Microbiology: Discovery Of New Antimicrobial Drugs To Treat Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria, Abdu Hussein A. Aldarhami

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest world-wide threats to human health and urgent action is needed to reduce the potentially devastating social and economic impacts that may result from continued spread of drug resistant infections. These actions include discovery of new antibiotics and community engagement in AMR. Natural product screening methods are arguably the most efficient way to identify novel antibiotics, but can be frustrated by the repeated discovery of known compounds, wasting valuable resources, effort and time. Thus, exploiting obscure, hard to reach environments and implementing combined bioinformatic and proteomic screening approaches may short-cut the process of …

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A Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial To Investigate The Effects Of A Functional Standing Frame Programme Versus Usual Physiotherapy To Improve Function And Quality Of Life And Reduce Neuromuscular Impairment In People With Severe Sub-Acute Stroke, Angie Logan Jan 2019

A Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial To Investigate The Effects Of A Functional Standing Frame Programme Versus Usual Physiotherapy To Improve Function And Quality Of Life And Reduce Neuromuscular Impairment In People With Severe Sub-Acute Stroke, Angie Logan

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Background Task-related training can aid functional recovery post-stroke but has not been investigated in people with severe stroke. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) may limit rehabilitation, therefore, the effects of undertaking prolonged standing and sit to stand repetitions (functional standing frame programme) early after severe stroke during inpatient sub-acute rehabilitation is unknown. Methods A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions to treat OH in people with neurological conditions was undertaken to inform a protocol for the management of OH during the functional standing frame programme. The feasibility of a blinded randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effects of a functional standing frame programme …

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Molecular Control Of Tooth Mesenchymal Stem Cell Activation, Jemma Victoria Walker Jan 2019

Molecular Control Of Tooth Mesenchymal Stem Cell Activation, Jemma Victoria Walker

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Background The continuously growing mouse incisor provides a robust model for studying molecular mechanisms of stem cell (SC) fate determination. While the epithelial SCs are well studied within this model, the identification and characterisation of a mesenchymal SC (MSC) population has yet to be defined. Aims This study aims to identify the molecular signatures of a novel MSC pool within the lower murine incisor. This work aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms governing the maintenance and transition of MSC cells and their progeny, particularly the role of Notch signalling in this process. Methods Isolation of proposed putative MSC containing and …

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Shaping The Perceptual Representation Of Observed Human Action Through Prediction., Katrina Louise Mcdonough Jan 2019

Shaping The Perceptual Representation Of Observed Human Action Through Prediction., Katrina Louise Mcdonough

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Understanding the actions of others is crucial for all social interactions. Despite a dynamic and complicated social world, humans can derive the goals, attitudes and beliefs that drive others’ actions, imbuing them with meaning and understanding. While such abilities were traditionally accounted for by a direct matching of observed actions to actions within the observer’s motor system, contemporary theories of social perception explain them within a predictive processing framework. They argue that perception of others’ actions is shaped by prior assumptions about their goals and intentions and the behaviours that these mental states predict. This thesis aimed to resolve whether …

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Effect Of Phytoestrogens On Breast And Prostate Cancer Cell Lines – Potential Implications For Bone Metastasis, Safaa Salman Mezban Al-Thamiree Jan 2019

Effect Of Phytoestrogens On Breast And Prostate Cancer Cell Lines – Potential Implications For Bone Metastasis, Safaa Salman Mezban Al-Thamiree

Other Faculty of Health Theses

The effect of phytoestrogens on breast and prostate cancer cell lines – potential implications for bone preferential metastasis to bone Safaa Salman Mezban AL-Thamiree Abstract Many epidemiological studies indicate that diets rich in phytoestrogens (PE), especially soy and grain products, may be associated with a lower risk of some steroid hormone-dependent cancers such as breast and prostate. In particular PE have been shown to reduce the incidence of skeletal metastasis which have a high degree of morbidity and mortality. However, the most effective combinations of PEs and the mechanism through which they may reduce bone metastasis remain unclear. Therefore, this …

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Exploring The Sensitivity Of Mantle Cell Lymphoma To Inhibitors Of Bruton’S Tyrosine Kinase, Hannah Patricia Thompson Jan 2019

Exploring The Sensitivity Of Mantle Cell Lymphoma To Inhibitors Of Bruton’S Tyrosine Kinase, Hannah Patricia Thompson

Other Faculty of Health Theses

EXPLORING THE SENSITIVITY OF MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA TO INHIBITORS OF BRUTON’S TYROSINE KINASE Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-cell lymphoma which responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy. Inhibitors of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTKi) have shown a significant clinical effect; despite this success however, approximately one third of MCL patients have primary resistance to the drug, and patients who initially respond to treatment frequently acquire secondary resistance with aggressive relapse of the disease. The purpose of this study was to understand how BTKi-resistance or sensitivity is mediated, aiming to identify new targets for therapy or predictive biomarkers of response. Combining …

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Role Of Cd47 In Red Cell Apoptosis (Eryptosis), Ibrahim Faisal Halawani Jan 2019

Role Of Cd47 In Red Cell Apoptosis (Eryptosis), Ibrahim Faisal Halawani

Other Faculty of Health Theses

CD47 is a 47-52 kDa membrane spanning glycoprotein, which has 5 known isoforms and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). It possesses a large extracellular N-terminal IgV like domain. CD47 acts as a ‘do not eat me’ signal and consequently as a marker of self. Moreover, CD47 is reported to be upregulated in cancer cells allowing them to escape immune surveillance by binding to SIRP alpha on macrophages. The aims of this thesis were to evaluate and to confirm the presence of CD47 isoforms in erythroid and erythroleukemic cells, identify new CD47 binding proteins that may mediate the …

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The Perceived Effectiveness Of Brief Psychological Techniques For Acute Postoperative Pain, Alsanaani Tahani Jan 2019

The Perceived Effectiveness Of Brief Psychological Techniques For Acute Postoperative Pain, Alsanaani Tahani

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Postoperative pain is still a challenge and patients are still suffering from postoperative pain, despite the administration of multiple analgesic methods for treating pain. In a systematic review and meta-analysis I found that brief psychological interventions such as relaxation techniques including simple breathing exercises or guided imagery, and simple distraction techniques such as listening to music, or practicing a script of self-hypnosis may help those patients to cope better with their pain. Although quality of these studies was not always of the highest level, the findings synthesized from 30 randomised controlled trials indicated that brief psychological interventions did reduce postoperative …

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Birds With Wolf Hearts, A Collection Of Poetry, With An Analysis Of Contemporary Nepalese Women’S Poetry, Eleanor Walsh Jan 2019

Birds With Wolf Hearts, A Collection Of Poetry, With An Analysis Of Contemporary Nepalese Women’S Poetry, Eleanor Walsh

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis is comprised of a collation of women’s poetry from Nepal and its contextualising material, and a creative element which is poetry of my own responding to that work. The critical introduction argues that contemporary women’s poetry expresses female experiences and exposes a movement in women’s rights in Nepal that has previously gone unrecognised. The analysis demonstrates how women’s poetry has been used to form new communities, both literary and political, and is a summons to social action, as it recognises the marginalisation of women in literature that has historically been overwhelmingly ignored. In a country where female characters …

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Comparative Assessment Of Measures To Tackle The Illegal Trade In Endangered Species, Melanie Berry Jan 2019

Comparative Assessment Of Measures To Tackle The Illegal Trade In Endangered Species, Melanie Berry

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis is an assessment of measures to tackle the illegal trade in endangered species in Australia, South Africa and the UK. Utilising responses from Freedom of Information Act requests, it is shown that organisations have varying reactions when implementing domestic legislation relating to the illegal wildlife trade. Analysis extends to the offences contained within the domestic legislation; the requirements laid down in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, along with other legislation aids the combating of the illegal wildlife trade. It highlights both global and national issues and the importance of tackling the illegal wildlife trade. This …

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An Exploration Of Issues Relating To The Implementation Of Active Learning In Saudi Arabian Universities, Fatmah Alotaibi Jan 2019

An Exploration Of Issues Relating To The Implementation Of Active Learning In Saudi Arabian Universities, Fatmah Alotaibi

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 is ambitious in its proposals for educational reform which includes the preparation of a modern curriculum focused on rigorous standards which will be aligned with a range of education outcomes Therefore, Saudi Higher Education laid the groundwork to develop and improve the educational aspects towards students and lecturers, as well as to adopt all new approaches in education. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the perceptions of Saudi lecturers and undergraduate students towards learning approaches especially Active Learning (AL) when participating in active courses. The advantage of AL is that it may provide the Colleges and …

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Challenging Robot Morality: An Ethical Debate On Humanoid Companions, Dataveillance, And Algorithms, Eugenia Stamboliev Jan 2019

Challenging Robot Morality: An Ethical Debate On Humanoid Companions, Dataveillance, And Algorithms, Eugenia Stamboliev

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

In this thesis, I reflect on ethical, moral, and agenthood debates around social and humanoid robots in two ways. I focus on how the technological agency of social robots is understood in ethical canons by shifting from moral concerns in Robot Ethics to data-related ethical concerns in Media and Surveillance Studies. I then move to wider debates on morality, agenthood, and agencies in Machine and Computer Ethics research, so as to highlight that social robots, other robots, machines, and algorithmic structures are often moralised but not understood ethically. In that vein, I distinguish between these two terms to point to …

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Space-Time Experience In The Meta-Environment: A Cybersemiotic Analysis, Claudia Ferreira Jacques De Moraes Cardoso Jan 2019

Space-Time Experience In The Meta-Environment: A Cybersemiotic Analysis, Claudia Ferreira Jacques De Moraes Cardoso

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

Space-time Experience in the Meta-environment: A Cybersemiotic Analysis Written from the perspective of a reflective technoetic art practitioner, this thesis investigates Human-Computer Interactions in interactive hybrid environments and their influences on mediated consciousness. It argues that practices established during the advent of computer graphic interfaces have limited the interactive potential of such environments. It examines interactive processes among user, information, and interface; proposes a closer look at representational paradigms of space and time; suggests potentially illuminating parallels with complex adaptive systems; and explores their theoretical and practical co-implications. Influenced by Marcel Duchamp’s conceptual-interactive art experiments, Brazil’s syncretic Tropicalismo movement, and …

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Artistic Modulation Of Consciousness By Bioelectromagnetic Stimulation, Luis Miguel Almeida Ferreira Girao Jan 2019

Artistic Modulation Of Consciousness By Bioelectromagnetic Stimulation, Luis Miguel Almeida Ferreira Girao

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

The thesis demonstrates why the application of bioelectromagnetic stimulation as a medium of artistic expression allows for the production of new and unprecedented realisations of integrative art. Furthermore, the modulation of consciousness in human beings relating with such realisations is argued to be the core of a new practice of research resulting from the technological confluence of Philosophy, Art and Science. The Brunelleschi Experiment is examined in order to establish the assumption that one of the fundamental characteristics of Art is to impact consciousness of those interacting with its forms. The aspects of disembodiment of the previously referred experiment, instrumental …

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Life And Death In Icu: Nursing Care To Smooth Transitions For Patients And Family, Julie Benbenishty Jan 2019

Life And Death In Icu: Nursing Care To Smooth Transitions For Patients And Family, Julie Benbenishty

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Background Nurses are the clinicians closest to the patients in daily monitoring of processes and adaptations: assessing, intervening with treatments and evaluating the outcomes. Nurses evaluate all physiological abnormalities, emotional instabilities as well as spiritual requirements regarding religious beliefs, cultural rituals and family relationships. Aim This thesis examines the context, purpose, significance of life threatening and end-of- life situations in critical care and demonstrates the integral work of nurses in calming, organizing and making sense of intensive care unit life and death conditions. Program of work The body of work reported in this thesis comprises a collection of work resulting …

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Discovering Biomarkers Of Alzheimer's Disease By Statistical Learning Approaches, Jintao Long Jan 2019

Discovering Biomarkers Of Alzheimer's Disease By Statistical Learning Approaches, Jintao Long

Other Faculty of Health Theses

In this work, statistical learning approaches are exploited to discover biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The contributions has been made in the fields of both biomarker and software driven studies. Surprising discoveries were made in the field of blood-based biomarker search. With the inclusion of existing biological knowledge and a proposed novel feature selection method, several blood-based protein models were discovered to have promising ability to separate AD patients from healthy individuals. A new statistical pattern was discovered which can be potential new guideline for diagnosis methodology. In the field of brain-based biomarker, the positive contribution of covariates such as …

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Effects Of Dietary Nitrate From Vegetables On Blood Pressure In Healthy Humans, Elizabeth Ashworth Jan 2019

Effects Of Dietary Nitrate From Vegetables On Blood Pressure In Healthy Humans, Elizabeth Ashworth

School of Health Professions Theses

Dietary nitrate is a naturally occurring component of vegetables and nitrate salts have been used for centuries as preservatives in processed meats. Up until recently, nitrate has been considered as a harmful contaminant. However, more recent research suggests that dietary nitrate supplements can reduce blood pressure (BP) and could be beneficial to cardiovascular health. This is important as 1 in 4 adults world-wide have hypertension, the largest single risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Three studies were conducted in order to assess the effects of dietary nitrate, obtained from vegetables, on BP in healthy humans. The first study evaluated the effect …

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Fathers At Work: Challenges And Stereotypes Facing Fathers With Caregiving Responsibilities In Employment, Jasmine Kelland Jan 2019

Fathers At Work: Challenges And Stereotypes Facing Fathers With Caregiving Responsibilities In Employment, Jasmine Kelland

Plymouth Business School Theses

This study explores how caregiving fathers are perceived in contemporary employment to establish if this contributes to an understanding of the dominance of fathers in the role of ‘breadwinner’. Much existing research in this area is based in the US, largely utilising students as participants, and has limited applicability to contemporary UK fatherhood. This study employs a mixed methods design underpinned by a social constructivist standpoint, with managers and working parents as participants. Understanding regarding the perceptions of caregiving fathers is sought through exploring how such fathers are rated when they apply for work utilising online vignettes, vignette based focus …

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Implementing And Evaluating A Gaussian Mixture Framework For Identifying Gene Function From Tnseq Data, Kevin Li, Rachel Chen, William Lindsey, Aaron Best, Matthew Dejongh, Christopher Henry, Nathan L. Tintle Jan 2019

Implementing And Evaluating A Gaussian Mixture Framework For Identifying Gene Function From Tnseq Data, Kevin Li, Rachel Chen, William Lindsey, Aaron Best, Matthew Dejongh, Christopher Henry, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

The rapid acceleration of microbial genome sequencing increases opportunities to understand bacterial gene function. Unfortunately, only a small proportion of genes have been studied. Recently, TnSeq has been proposed as a cost-effective, highly reliable approach to predict gene functions as a response to changes in a cell's fitness before-after genomic changes. However, major questions remain about how to best determine whether an observed quantitative change in fitness represents a meaningful change. To address the limitation, we develop a Gaussian mixture model framework for classifying gene function from TnSeq experiments. In order to implement the mixture model, we present the Expectation-Maximization …

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Boy Work. From Education To Employment In England And Wales, 1901-1930, David Graham Goode Jan 2019

Boy Work. From Education To Employment In England And Wales, 1901-1930, David Graham Goode

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

This thesis follows the route British boys (aged 12-19) took from education to employment between 1901 and 1930. A period of increasing concern about issues affecting the entry of youths into work; by the start of the 1930s, this study argues, there was a distinctive change in the lives of British adolescents as employment prospects weakened. The attitudes of contemporary policy makers and social reformers are considered, and the important themes of crime, leisure and physical wellbeing are interrogated. Two contrasting regions, the largely agricultural county of Devon and industrialised, urban Birmingham provide comparative case studies on reform and implementation …

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The Role Of Mesenchymal Cells In The Regeneration Of Salivary Gland Tissue, Jonathan Paul Davies Jan 2019

The Role Of Mesenchymal Cells In The Regeneration Of Salivary Gland Tissue, Jonathan Paul Davies

Peninsula Dental School Theses

Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome (PSS) patients will suffer a variable degree of damage to their salivary glands, caused by lesions of immune infiltrates into the tissue surrounding duct structures. Some patients present with extensive lesions that destroy any residual secretory acinar tissue, leading to hyposalivation. This damage, and reduced salivation, can lead to deleterious effects on the oral health, such as increased risk of caries and periodontitis, and will impact the general quality of life of the patients and can increase their risk of developing other, more serious conditions. Previously, there has been limited knowledge and characterisation of how different cell …

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Vhf Transmitter Development For Wildlife Tracking, Bryan Westra Jan 2019

Vhf Transmitter Development For Wildlife Tracking, Bryan Westra

Masters Theses

Wildlife biologists often use collars with VHF transmitters to gather wildlife data. The purpose of this project is to determine the best approach to designing a wildlife tracking VHF transmitter on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB). A variety of frequency generation methods were considered for the transmitter, including transistor-based crystal oscillators and chip based solutions from the chip manufacturers Analog Devices and Silicon Labs. Prototypes of the feasible options were built and evaluated for cost, power consumption, efficiency, size, frequency range, signal bandwidth, and frequency stability. It was found that the Silicon Labs Si4010 chip was the best solution based …

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Hurricane Isaac Brings More Than Oil Ashore: Characteristics Of Beach Deposits Following The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Karin L. Lemkau, Christopher M. Reddy, Catherine A. Charmichael, Helen K. White Jan 2019

Hurricane Isaac Brings More Than Oil Ashore: Characteristics Of Beach Deposits Following The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Karin L. Lemkau, Christopher M. Reddy, Catherine A. Charmichael, Helen K. White

Chemistry Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Microbial Communities In The Nepheloid Layers And Hypoxic Zones Of The Canary Current Upwelling System, Stefan Thiele, Andreas Basse, Jamie Becker, Andre Lipski Jan 2019

Microbial Communities In The Nepheloid Layers And Hypoxic Zones Of The Canary Current Upwelling System, Stefan Thiele, Andreas Basse, Jamie Becker, Andre Lipski

Biology Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Regenerative Approach In The Treatment Of Grade Ii Furcations: A Case Report, Hasanuddin Thahir, Dian Setiawati Jan 2019

Regenerative Approach In The Treatment Of Grade Ii Furcations: A Case Report, Hasanuddin Thahir, Dian Setiawati

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

No abstract provided.

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Does Propolis Can Relief Toothache???, Ardo Sabir Jan 2019

Does Propolis Can Relief Toothache???, Ardo Sabir

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

No abstract provided.

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Three In One Dental Mirror: Inovation Of Oral Diagnostic Instrument, Irene E. Rieuwpassa, Andi M. Rizal, Ansyari Muis, Harun H. Lala Jan 2019

Three In One Dental Mirror: Inovation Of Oral Diagnostic Instrument, Irene E. Rieuwpassa, Andi M. Rizal, Ansyari Muis, Harun H. Lala

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

No abstract provided.

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