Digital Commons Network^™

Disease Management And Estimated Effects On Don (Deoxynivalenol) Contamination In Fusarium Infested Barley, Gregory Mckee, Christina Cowger, Ruth Dill-Macky, Andrew Friskop, Pravin Gautam, Joel Ransom, William Wilson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) economically devastates barley production. FHB is predominantly caused by Fusarium graminearum and has resulted in major reductions in the quality of barley in the United States. The most common source of economic loss is through development of potent mycotoxins in the grain, the most prominent of which, in the United States, is deoxynivalenol (DON). DON levels can be managed through a variety of techniques. This study presents the estimate of the statistical relationship among DON contamination in barley, FHB incidence and severity, and a variety of disease management techniques. Data from 22 field studies …

Wildlife Viewing: The Impact Of Money-Back Guarantees, Takahiro Kubo, Taro Mieno, Koichi Kuriyama

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Wildlife sightings are not always guaranteed. To address this risk, tour operators often offer a money-back guarantee as a refund mechanism. However, studies have overlooked the influences of such refund mechanisms on tourists' tour participation decisions and tourism revenue. We conducted choice experiments to examine the impact of such mechanisms using a case of Amami rabbit tourism in Japan. We found that the guarantee significantly influences the tourists’ decision-making and tour revenue. In particular, we found that the expected tourist participation rate and tour guide revenue vary drastically depending on the probability of the rabbit encounter. The maximum expected revenue …

Occupational Therapisrs Perceptions On Benefits Of Yoga For Depression In Chronic Illness, Alexandra Feldman

MOT Student Capstones

This project was established to explore the complementary practices of yoga and occupational therapy (OT) and its effectiveness in addressing depression in adult populations with chronic illnesses. Project objectives aimed to provide OTs with an increase in perceived knowledge regarding the use of yoga as a therapeutic tool, to identify the beneficial therapeutic relationship between yoga and OT, to increase the likelihood of implementing yoga during OT intervention. to enable OTs to educate others regarding the benefits of yoga and OT. and to promote an understand ing of the similar yogic and OT philosophies in relation to client-centered practice. A …

The Mismatch In Distributions Of Vertebrates And The Plants That They Disperse, Jacob W. Dittel, Christopher M. Moore, Stephen B. Vander Wall

Biology

Little is known about how mutualistic interactions affect the distribution of species richness on broad geographic scales. Because mutualism positively affects the fitness of all species involved in the interaction, one hypothesis is that the richness of species involved should be positively correlated across their range, especially for obligate relationships. Alternatively, if mutualisms involve multiple mutualistic partners, the distribution of mutualists should not necessarily be related, and patterns in species distributions might be more strongly correlated with environmental factors. In this study, we compared the distributions of plants and vertebrate animals involved in seeddispersal mutualisms across the United States and …

Four Draft Single-Cell Genome Sequences Of Novel, Nearly Identical Kiritimatiellaeota Strains Isolated From The Continental Deep Subsurface, Joshua D. Sackett, Brittany R. Kruger, Eric Becraft, Jessica K. Jarett, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Tanja Woyke, Duane P. Moser

Biology

The recently proposed bacterial phylum Kiritimatiellaeota represents a globally distributed monophyletic clade distinct from other members of the Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Chlamydiae (PVC) superphylum. Here, we present four phylogenetically distinct single-cell genome sequences from within the Kiritimatiellaeota lineage sampled from deep continental subsurface aquifer fluids of the Death Valley Regional Flow System in the United States.

Hydrogen-Based Metabolism As An Ancestral Trait In Lineages Sibling To The Cyanobacteria, Paula B. Matheus Camevali, Frederik Schulz, Cindy J. Castelle, Rose S. Kantor, Patrick M. Shih, Itai Sharon, Joanne M. Santini, Matthew R. Olm, Yuki Amano, Brian C. Thomas, Karthik Anantharaman, David Burstein, Eric D. Becraft, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Tanja Woyke, Jillian F. Banfield

Biology

The evolution of aerobic respiration was likely linked to the origins of oxygenic Cyanobacteria. Close phylogenetic neighbors to Cyanobacteria, such as Margulisbacteria (RBX-1 and ZB3), Saganbacteria (WOR-1), Melainabacteria and Sericytochromatia, may constrain the metabolic platform in which aerobic respiration arose. Here, we analyze genomic sequences and predict that sediment-associated Margulisbacteria have a fermentation-based metabolism featuring a variety of hydrogenases, a streamlined nitrogenase, and electron bifurcating complexes involved in cycling of reducing equivalents. The genomes of ocean-associated Margulisbacteria encode an electron transport chain that may support aerobic growth. Some Saganbacteria genomes encode various hydrogenases, and others may be able to use …

Density Of Σ70 Promoter-Like Sites In The Intergenic Regions Dictates The Redistribution Of Rna Polymerase During Osmotic Stress In Escherichia Coli, Zhe Sun, Cedric Cagliero, Jerome Izard, Yixiong Chen, Yan Ning Zhou, William F. Heinz, Thomas D. Schneider, Ding Jun Jin

United States Public Health Resources

RNA polymerase (RNAP), the transcription machinery, shows dynamic binding across the genomic DNA under different growth conditions. The genomic features that selectively redistribute the limited RNAP molecules to dictate genome-wide transcription in response to environmental cues remain largely unknown. We chose the bacterial osmotic stress response model to determine genomic features that direct genome-wide redistribution of RNAP during the stress. Genomic mapping of RNAP and transcriptome profiles corresponding to the different temporal states after salt shock were determined.We found rapid redistribution of RNAP across the genome, primarily at σ70 promoters. Three subsets of genes exhibiting differential salt sensitivities were identified. …

Partners In Crime: Fledgling Tumors Hijack Inflammation, Balamurugan Kuppusamy, Howard A. Young

United States Public Health Resources

While inflammation is a normal physiological response after tissue injury, the chemicals/mediators that are released by the damaged tissue can be toxic to the cells. This underlying inflammation increases the likelihood of cellular DNA damage and aberrant cell growth (Kiraly and others 2015). In this scenario, inflammation functions as a ‘‘behind-curtain factor’’ for many disorders. Cancer has long been known to be closely tethered to inflammation. Widespread evidence shows that inflammatory diseases such as colitis, pancreatitis, and hepatitis make their respective organs highly susceptible to eventual cancer development (Shalapour and Karin 2015). However, other studies have shown that in due …

Nhlbi Research And Training Highlights From The Jackson Heart Study

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This brochure highlights NHLBI research and training efforts through the Jackson Heart Study and features three Jackson Heart Study scholar experiences.

Celebrating 25 Years Of Research To Promote Healthy Sleep

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

A poster showcasing the research legacy and timeline of the NHLBI's National Center on Sleep Disorders Research.

Nhlbi Research And Training

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This brochure highlights NHLBI research and training efforts focused on improving Native American health, including information about ongoing studies.

Advancing Women's Heart Health Fact Sheet

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

This fact sheet highlights the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s long history of including women in cardiovascular studies.

Advancing Heart, Lung, Blood, And Sleep Research (January 2019)

United States Natonal Institutes of Health: Materials

Advancing Heart, Lung, Blood, and Sleep Research is an 8-page brochure that highlights major NHLBI programs, partnership activities, and other topics.

Pepper Pest Management (Extension Curriculum), Kaushalya Amarasekare

Extension Publications

No abstract provided.

Uab Magazine - Fall 2019/Winter 2020, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

No abstract provided.

Antibiotic Resistance Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae In The United States And Latin American Countries: Contributing Factors And Potential Solutions, Brian Sherman

Theses and Graduate Projects

Antibiotics have been heralded as one of the greatest contributions to modern medicine.

While antibiotics have been documented throughout many parts of the world, it was the discovery of penicillin in 1928 that marked the modern era of medicine.1 An antibiotic is a natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic compound that interferes with the growth of, or results in the death of a microorganism, specifically bacteria.2 These medications are used to treat or prevent infection of humans or animals. With the advent of antibiotics, many infections that would cause significant morbidity and mortality were greatly reduced. The 1930s-1960s is regarded as the …

Efficacy Of A Single Dose Hpv Vaccine And Its Potential Outcomes In Low-Income Countries, Brooke Schramm

Theses and Graduate Projects

Cervical cancer is a leading worldwide cause of cancer mortality in women and disproportionately burdens low-income countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proven as the primary cause of genital warts, some oropharyngeal cancers, and anogenital cancers such as cervical, vulvar, anal, and penile malignancies. HPV vaccination coupled with regular HPV screenings are major strategies for preventing HPV infections, but with high costs and infrastructure complexities associated with current vaccination and screening programs, many world regions are unable to provide protection against HPV infection and its sequalae. If unabated, cervical cancer incidence is expected to increase worldwide over the coming decades …

Maternal Health Interventions In Rural, Resource-Limited Countries, Katherine Tilton

Theses and Graduate Projects

Pregnant women are continuing to die at unacceptable rates around the globe. According to the World Health Organization, complications during pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death and disability among reproductive age women in developing countries. Maternal mortality is often a reflection of a combination of causes: medical conditions while giving birth (ie. hemorrhage, eclampsia, and sepsis); other pre-existing medical conditions (ie. malaria, diabetes, HIV/AIDS); and socio-economic factors (ie. access to contraception, religious beliefs, and political agendas) that when combined, largely compromise health care, most often in the poor, rural and marginalized communities. Nearly all maternal deaths (99%) …

Washington University Magazine, Spring 2019

Washington University Magazine

No abstract provided.

The Experience Of Music Therapy During The Weaning Process Of Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation, Stephanie M. Morris

Theses and Graduate Projects

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a medical intervention used to assist the respiratory function of someone who is medically compromised. Patients need to wean from the ventilator in order to resume breathing on their own. A spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) is used to determine one’s readiness to be liberated from the ventilator. Music therapy is the use of music interventions, facilitated by a board-certified music therapist, to address patient-specific goals within a therapeutic relationship. Music therapists working in an intensive care unit (ICU) may focus their clinical work to address the stressors, fears, and medical complications associated with vent weaning. The …

Wooster Magazine: Winter 2019, Caitlin Paynich

Wooster Magazine: 2011-2020

The cover feature of the winter 2019 issue of Wooster magazine features three students who worked with Michele Leiby, associate professor of political science and Latin American studies to interview immigrants in Ohio. Students quoted include Natalia Parra '21, Alexis Sotelo '21, and Lizbeth Acevedo '21, and Alvaro Corral, Perry-Williams Postdoctoral Fellow in Political Science also shared his perspective on the project. Also featured in this issue are the Wooster Pipers highlighting students Ana Fairbanks-Mahnke '20 and Kate Runciman '22, and alumnus and instructor Palmer Shonk '10. The third feature highlights three student's reactions to Williams Hall: Kaeli Zoretich '19, …

Gold & Blue, Fall/Winter 2019, St. Mary's University- San Antonio, Texas

Gold & Blue

This is the Fall/Winter 2019 edition of Gold & Blue which is St. Mary's University's official school publication.

Living On Coral Time: Debating Conservation In The Anthropocene, Irus Braverman

Other Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Impact Of Virtual-Mirroring Based Learning On Collaboration In A Data And Analytics Function: A Resilience Perspective, Nabil Raad

Wayne State University Dissertations

Large multinational organizations are struggling to adapt and innovate in the face of increasing turbulence, uncertainty, and complexity. The lack of adaptive capacity is one of the major risks facing such organizations as the rapid change in technology, urbanization, socio-economic trends, and regulations continues to accelerate and outpace their ability to adapt. This is a resilience problem that organizations are addressing by investing in Data and Analytics to improve their innovation and competitive capabilities. However, Data and Analytics projects are more likely to fail than to succeed. Competing on data and analytics is not only a technical challenge but also …

Engineering Of Gold Nanoparticles For Drug Delivery, Fangchao Liu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Due to their ease of synthesis, versatile surface chemistry, ease of imaging, and biocompatibility, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are employed as drug delivery devices in the treatment of respiratory problems associated with spinal cord injury (SCI). We have developed a method for the synthesis of a tripartite nanoconjugate comprised of an AuNP drug carrier chemically conjugated to a transporter protein (wheat germ agglutinin coupled to horseradish peroxidase or WGA-HRP) and to potent SCI drugs. The therapeutic efficacy and biodistribution were studied in a validated animal model. Our results show that a single administration of the nanoconjugate improved diaphragmatic activity at a …

Teacher's In-Service Professional Development Needs Assessment-The Pakistani Context, Aamna Pasha, Yuling Smith, Shehzad Jeeva

Examination Board

This paper explains the study of conducting a survey to assess the professional development needs of the teachers in schools affiliated with Aga Khan University – Examination Board (AKU-EB) with the aim of strategizing and designing teacher development programmes. An online survey was carried out with questions regarding the demographic information, teachers’ current practices and their professional training needs. There were 306 teachers who participated in this survey from affiliated schools from the provinces of Sindh, Punjab, Gilgit Baltistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The results show that teachers expressed a preference in using lecturing as the main teaching method and familiarity …

Use Of Intraarticular Injections Of Platelet-Rich Plasma In The Treatment Of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review Article, Naveed Baloch, Obada Hasan, Zain Baig, Umme-E-Hani Abdullah, Mohammad Atif, Hiroshi Ohuchi

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative conditions affecting knee joint. As our understanding in the disease pathogenesis is evolving, so do the treatment modalities. One of the postulated mechanisms suggests the production of inflammatory cytokines secondary to repeated micro trauma than in turn lead to cartilage damage overtime. Cartilage being avascular structure has limited potential for repair. Based on this, recent studies have been focusing on stimulating cartilage-healing process by growth factors. This is where platelet-rich plasma comes in to light. Literature is showing promising results of platelet-rich plasma in treating knee osteoarthritis. In this review we have …

Intermediate Cell States In Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition, Yutong Sha, Daniel Haensel, Guadalupe Gutierrez, Huijing Du, Xing Dai, Qing Nie

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The transition of epithelial cells into a mesenchymal state (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT) is a highly dynamic process implicated in various biological processes. During EMT, cells do not necessarily exist in ‘pure’ epithelial or mesenchymal states. There are cells with mixed (or hybrid) features of the two, which are termed as the intermediate cell states (ICSs). While the exact functions of ICS remain elusive, together with EMT it appears to play important roles in embryogenesis, tissue development, and pathological processes such as cancer metastasis. Recent single cell experiments and advanced mathematical modeling have improved our capability in identifying ICS and …

Predicting Adherence To Therapy In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis Or Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Large Cross-Sectional Study., Josef S Smolen, Dafna Gladman, H Patrick Mcneil, Philip J Mease, Joachim Sieper, Maja Hojnik, Pascal Nurwakagari, John Weinman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Objective: This analysis explored the association of treatment adherence with beliefs about medication, patient demographic and disease characteristics and medication types in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS) to develop adherence prediction models.

Methods: The population was a subset from ALIGN, a multicountry, cross-sectional, self-administered survey study in adult patients (n=7328) with six immune-mediated inflammatory diseases who were routinely receiving systemic therapy. Instruments included Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) and 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4

Results: A total of 3390 rheumatological patients were analysed (RA, n=1943; PsA, n=635; AS, n=812). Based on the strongest significant …

Milestone@Um, Volume 7, Number 1, 2019, Institute Of Research Management & Monitoring University Of Malaya

Archival Material (2010s)

No abstract provided.