Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A Screening Method For Drugs Of Abuse By Direct Analysis Of Dried Urine Spots Coupled To Mass Spectrometry, Melanie Goldstein

Student Theses

Fast and easy screening procedures are essential in any forensic toxicology laboratory to differentiate negative samples from presumptive positive cases. Immunoassay techniques, such as enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT), are routinely employed as screening procedures. However, these techniques lack specificity (only differentiate group of drugs and not individual compounds) and it is difficult to add new compounds to the panel. Direct analysis of dried urine spots (DUS) by mass spectrometry (MS) offers a novel strategy to overcome these issues. DUS offer an improved storage alternative for biological samples, reducing costs and space requirements. In this work, an original method to …

Gideon In The Desert: An Empirical Study Of Providing Counsel To Criminal Defendants In Rural Places, Andrew Davies, Alyssa Clark

Maine Law Review

Access to counsel for criminal defendants is a continuing challenge in rural localities, notwithstanding the mandates of Sixth Amendment jurisprudence. In this Article, we first review the state of the law on access to counsel in criminal cases, noting the latitude allowed to state and local governments in their policy decisions. We then examine empirical approaches to measuring access to counsel and describe in detail both the law and the data on this issue from the state of Texas. We present exploratory analyses of those data comparing rural and urban places for various aspects of access to counsel, including rules …

Viewing Access To Justice For Rural Mainers Of Color Through A Prosecutorial Lens, Maybell Romero

Maine Law Review

Rural areas throughout the country, including those in Maine, are beginning to navigate the challenges and benefits of burgeoning communities of color. District Attorneys’ offices in the state, however, have done little to prepare for this major demographic shift. Maine district attorneys must expand their understanding of their duties to do justice and assure access to justice by better serving rural Mainers of color. While a number of scholars have focused on the legal challenges communities of color face in urban environments as well as those faced by what have been presumed to be White communities in rural areas, this …

Foreword, Mac Walton Editor-In-Chief

Maine Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Gendered Experiences Of Male Students In A Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Program: A Multi-Case Study, Jairus-Joaquin R. Matthews, Derek E. Daniels

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Speech-language pathology is a profession with a gender disparity wherein the majority of speech-language pathologists are female. This disparity is also reflected in speech-language pathology graduate programs. The American Speech, Language, and Hearing Association has developed many initiatives over the years to address this issue, yet the gender disparity still remains. The purpose of this study was to develop some initial insights into reasons that men enter into the profession of speech-language pathology, and their experiences in graduate programs. In this qualitative case-study approach, interviews were conducted with four male graduate students. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed for major …

Return On Investment In Civil Justice Services And Programs – Selected Annotated Bibliography Of Existing Research, Lisa Moore, Megan Phyper

Canadian Forum on Civil Justice

N/A

The Debate Over The Efficacy Of Federal Hate Crime Legislation: A Look At Arlen Specter’S Senatorial Efforts And Its Legacy, Sierra Reddi

Arlen Specter Center Research Fellowship

Bias-motivated violence is considered especially heinous in the United States of America. This research examines the Federal legislation that cements that value into law. Hate crimes are criminal acts where the target was specifically chosen because of their race, sexual orientation, gender expression, ethnicity, or religion. These crimes, whether intentionally or not, have a ripple effect on societal values, and especially spread fear within oppressed minority groups. This research begins by examining the context that precipitated a need for hate crime laws to begin with and then looks at federal developments as a reaction to landmark hate crime cases. One …

Characterizing Participation And Perceived Engagement Benefits In An Integrated Digital Behavioral Health Recovery Community For Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Brenda Curtis, Brandon Bergman, Austin Brown, Jessica Mcdaniel

Faculty Articles

Background: Research suggests that digital recovery support services (D-RSSs) may help support individual recovery and augment the availability of in-person supports. Previous studies highlight the use of D-RSSs in supporting individuals in recovery from substance use but have yet to examine the use of D-RSSs in supporting a combination of behavioral health disorders, including substance use, mental health, and trauma. Similarly, few studies on D-RSSs have evaluated gender-specific supports or integrated communities, which may be helpful to women and individuals recovering from behavioral health disorders. Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the SHE RECOVERS (SR) recovery community, …

Enablers And Barriers Influencing African American Administrators’ Career Advancement At Predominantly White Institutions Of Higher Learning, Larry Webster

Dissertations

Many Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs) of higher learning do not have enough African Americans to lead their institutions in curriculum development, mentoring, recruitment, and governance (Reyes & Rios, 2005). Previous studies have attributed the modest representation of African American administrators to systemic barriers impeding the recruitment and advancement of African Americans at PWIs of higher learning (Jones, 2007; Perna, Gerald, Baum, & Milem, 2007). Ideally, the administrative leadership at PWIs of higher learning would adequately represent—ethnically and racially—its student population (Higgs, 2014). Levin, Walker, Haberler, and Jackson–Boothby (2013) suggest minimal progress in hiring African American administrators at PWIs of higher …

Social And Literacy Development Of School-Based Pre-Kindergarten Students, Stewart Smirthwaite

Dissertations

In order to meet the demands of college and career ready standards, students are expected to enter kindergarten knowing more than ever before. A need exists to examine data that provides evidence of desired social and literacy outcomes for students in kindergarten. In order to address the need for further study of school prekindergarten opportunities for young children, two different sets of data were collected, examined, and discussed. Literacy proficiency was measured by using data from the Mississippi K-3 Assessment Support System’s (MKAS²) Kindergarten Readiness Assessment (KRA). Social competence was measured using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, …

Vol.48 N.02 August 1st 2019, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Prohibition In Rockingham County: Exploring A Digital Archive, Craig Schaefer

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Prohibition in Rockingham County: Exploring a Digital Archive, is a digital prehistory thesis project that preserved and made select Prohibition-era records publicly available from the Rockingham County Courthouse. The records are now part of Exploring Rockingham’s Past (ERP), an ongoing collaboration between James Madison University’s (JMU) History Department, JMU Libraries, and the Rockingham County Circuit Court. These digital documents have been released into the public domain as keyword searchable and fully described PDFs at https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/. A digital exhibit is used to showcase the records: https://sites.lib.jmu.edu/prohibition/. The website introduces the reader to Prohibition but mainly strives to put the records …

Changes In Enforcement Of Low-Level And Felony Offenses Post-Ferguson: An Analysis Of Arrests In St. Louis, Missouri, Lee Slocum, Claire Greene, Beth Huebner, Richard Rosenfeld

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Works

As a result of several highly publicized incidents of police killing unarmed Black suspects, many contend that American police are in the midst of a crisis. Police have faced high levels of public scrutiny that some argue has stifled police activities and led to spikes in violent crime. This phenomenon—coined in the aftermath of the police killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri—has become widely known as the Ferguson Effect. This study uses seven years of data and time series analysis to assess whether the events in Ferguson were associated with a reduction in arrests for felonies and low-level offenses …

Clemson Commencement Program, August 2019, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Drug Use Behaviors: A Needs Assessment Of Treatment Providers, Rachel Lubischer, Jodi Gabel, Lynn Castrianno, Kristina Faimon, Dawne Frain, Jeanette Harder, Josie Schafer, Gaylene Armstrong

Reports

The goal of this needs assessment is to better understand individuals’ drug-use behaviors in Nebraska through the lens of treatment providers. The results of this study will aid the Drug Overdose Prevention (DOP) program in providing training and other resources to treatment centers, focusing prevention efforts, and informing the statewide crisis response plan and future studies. Ultimately, this study will support DOP’s efforts to reduce opioid-involved fatal and non-fatal overdoses in Nebraska.

Guide To Ms362 Jack Vowell Papers, Miguel Hernandez Vazquez

Finding Aids

Jack Caruthers Vowell (1927 – 2006) was a professor, business owner, and politician from El Paso. The Jack Vowell papers date from 1986 to 1994, bulk 1991 to 1993. The papers contain information about Vowell’s political career and activities.

High Stakes Require More Than Just Talk: What To Do About Corruption In Health Systems, Taryn Vian

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Reluctance to talk about corruption is an important barrier to action. Yet the stakes of not addressing corruption in the health sector are higher than ever. Corruption includes wrongdoing by individuals, but it is also a problem of weak institutions captured by political interests, and underfunded, unreliable administrative systems and healthcare delivery models. We urgently need to focus on corruption as a health systems problem. In addition to supporting research to better understand the context and implications of corruption in health systems, this article suggests actions that public health professionals can do now to fight corruption.

High School Students Explore : Access To Justice In Appalachia Legal Profession, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Changing The Narrative: Sex Trafficking And Its Victims, Danica Baird

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

The Visiting Team: Research On The Engagement Of Urban, Commuter Student-Athletes, Corey Christine Berg

All Theses And Dissertations

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III mantra of “offering participation in a competitive athletic environment that pushes student-athletes to excel on the field and build upon their potential by tackling new challenges across campus” requires administrators to support and promote academic achievement, athletic success, and personal well-being. For Division III student-athletes who are also urban, commuter students, the path to engagement in those areas is not clearly defined. The intent of this two-phase, mixed methods study was to evaluate the priorities of urban, commuting student-athletes at a NCAA Division III institution in New York City.

The following research …

Police Perceptions Of Community Policing, Hannah Mackillop

Criminology Student Work

Community policing is an emerging practice of policing that aims to address crime and social disorder in a proactive manner. Community relations, problem solving and restructured police organizations are among the characteristics that make up the foundation of this practice. This research study seeks to understand the community policing model as well as police officers perceptions of this common practice through a convenience survey administered to a sample of sworn police officers. Police officers from various police departments on the South Shore of Massachusetts were invited to partake in this survey, which consisted of a series of likert-scale questions. Findings …

Mass Incarceration And Voter Turnout Among African Americans In The United States (Is There A Correlation Between The Two?), Martha Wilson-Musgrove

Public Affairs Dissertations - Archive

In developing an understanding of political participation among historically underrepre-sented groups, a disproportionate number of African Americans receiving punishment (prison sentences) is an issue that warrants consideration when calculating voter turnout. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 protects the voting rights of people regardless of race or ethnicity. The in-creasing incarceration rate of African American men, popularly known as mass incarceration, is a criminal justice phenomenon ongoing since the 1980’s. This research focuses primarily on the relationship between voter turnout, general and more specifically African Americans, and mass incarceration. The study examines twelve General (Presidential) Elections since the passage of …

Ethical Decision-Makers: How Student Affairs Staff Make Moral Choices In The Face Of Sexual Assault Cases On Campus, Veronica Daryl Davis

Educational Leadership & Policy Studies Dissertations - Archive

This qualitative study examined the experience of seven student affairs staff at a private, religiously oriented university in the South who deal with sexual assault cases. Using Nathaniel’s (2006) theory of moral reckoning (TMR) from the field of nursing in coding and analysis, several themes emerged including for staff seeing value in legal and policy training by the university, experiencing moral conflict, and being able to cope with it in order to continue in their profession. The implications of these themes have relevance to practice, theory, and future research. For practice, because the adjudication of these cases is personally challenging, …

Family Demography: Macmillan Encyclopedia Of Families, Marriages, And Intimate Relationships, Aurea K. Osgood

Sociology Faculty Publications

Family Demography is a book chapter from the Macmillan Encyclopedia of Families, Marriages, and Intimate Relationships. This encyclopedia was published in August 2019. Dr. Osgood is a faculty member in the Sociology, Criminal Justice, & Geography Department at Winona State University.

Reforming The Rehabilitation Process Of Incarcerated Females Affected By Sexual Trauma, Tamnika Walton

2019 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Sexual trauma has been found to affect individuals across all socioeconomic lines. For some, recovery from the damages is a process that often includes bouts with the justice system that ends in one or more imprisonment terms. Often these prison sentences are caused by substance use and sex industry crimes. The study shows that the time these women are serving is often a result of the trauma they have faced either by childhood sexual abuse (CSA), domestic sex trafficking (DST), or sexual violence as an adult. The purpose of the study is to determine if incarcerated women who have suffered …

Intervention Response To The Trauma-Exposed, Female Juvenile Offender: A Review Of Effectiveness In Reducing Recidivism, Ashley M. Thomann

Social Work Theses - Archive

When analyzed by general factors of effectiveness (Lispsey, 2009) and concepts of gender-responsivity (Day, Zahn, & Tichavsky, 2015) that target the needs of female juvenile-justice involved youth, reviewed studies show the concomitant need to address trauma-based mental health concerns with attention to the quality of implementation and appropriateness of setting in which the intervention is effectuated. Findings show effective intervention for this population aims to target the youth's negative internal mechanisms related to trauma-subsequent psychosocial problems. These studies further suggest that trauma-sensitive modalities have the potential to mitigate further risk of problematic external behaviors. This position of this review is …

Effectiveness Of Clery Act Timely Warnings And Emergency Notifications, Travis W. Douglas

Full-Text Theses & Dissertations

The Clery Act (20 USC. § 1092(f)) is a federal law intended to improve campus safety by making information about crime as well as safety and security policies more accessible. Research has shown that the law’s requirements to collect crime statistics and publish annual security reports have limited impact. Little research has examined the effectiveness of the timely warning and emergency notification provisions. This study explored the perceptions of Campus Security Authorities (CSAs) to determine whether timely warning and emergency notification messages are an effective tool for improving campus safety; to what degree they result in unintended harmful effects; and …

Bridging Social Capital Through The Techno-Subsystem: A Qualitative Analysis Of Gofundme Requests For Hurricane Relief, Monica Bixby Radu, Lisa Mcmanus

Journal of Family Strengths

Disaster planning and risk communication are not always effective in preparation for devastating storms, and families are left to pick up the pieces as they rebuild their lives. Social capital theory poses that social connectedness and bonds between family members and friends are especially important in times of need. Recently, requesting financial assistance via crowdfunding has emerged as an alternative method for seeking assistance after a hurricane. Drawing from social capital and ecological systems theories, we qualitatively explore how requests for hurricane relief are framed via the crowdfunding website, GoFundMe.com. Among our sample (N = 26), we find that …

Exploring Reactions Of Stakeholders To Military-Connected Spouse Abuse Disclosure: An Online Observational Approach, Mary Christine Highfill

Social Work Theses - Archive

Although considerable research explores family violence within the United States Military, few peer-reviewed studies investigate the experience of civilian spouse survivors. This project seeks to close the research gap by answering the question, “How do military stakeholders respond to disclosure of Military-Connected Spouse Abuse (MCSA) made on YouTube?” Videos featuring MSCA narratives were selected from a series of YouTube searches. Comments made to those videos by Service Members and military spouses were organized according to three predominate response types: disclosures, perceptions, and actions. Disclosures included personal experience with or second-hand knowledge of spousal abuse, interactions with the military response system, …

Understanding The Psychosocial And Physical Health Impacts Of Colorism: Discrimination Of African Americans Based On Skin Color, Latocia Keyes

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

Colorism is a complex phenomenon which was birthed by racism and uses the observable human characteristic of skin color as a metric for worth in society. Colorism as practiced since its inception demonstrates intolerance for African features and promotes acceptance based on the approximate physiological similarity to a European standard. This social construct has served as a divisive wedge in the Black community. The issue is further complicated by the dynamics of interpersonal beliefs and group socialization in a variety of settings. Skin bleaching, tanning, and chemical hair straighteners all have the potential risk to impact physical health that causes …