Digital Commons Network^™

Improving Nutrition And Physical Activity Environments Of Family Child Care Homes: The Rationale, Design And Study Protocol Of The ‘Healthy Start/Comienzos Sanos’ Cluster Randomized Trial, Patricia Markham Risica, Alison Tovar, Vanessa Palomo, Laura Dionne, Noereem Mena, Kate Magid, Diane Stanton Ward, Kim M. Gans

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background: Early childhood is a crucial time to foster healthy eating and physical activity (PA) habits, which are critical for optimal child health, growth and development. Child care facilities are important settings to promote healthy eating and PA and prevent childhood obesity; however, almost all prior intervention studies have focused on child care centers and not family child care homes (FCCH), which care for over 1.6 million U.S. children.

Methods: This paper describes Healthy Start/Comienzos Sanos, a cluster-randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to improve nutrition and PA environments in English and Spanish-speaking FCCH. Eligible child care …

Maternal–Infant Supplementation With Small-Quantity Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements Does Not Affect Child Blood Pressure At 4–6 Y In Ghana: Follow-Up Of A Randomized Trial, Sika M. Kumordzie, Seth Adu-Afarwuah, Rebecca R. Young, Brietta M. Oaks, Solace M. Tamakloe, Maku E. Ocansey, Harriet Okronipa, Elizabeth L. Prado, Kathryn G. Dewey

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background: In the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS)-DYAD-Ghana trial, prenatal small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) had a positive effect on birth weight. Birth weight may be inversely related to blood pressure (BP) later in life.

Objectives: We examined the effect of the intervention on BP at 4–6 y of age, and maternal and child factors related to BP.

Methods: The iLiNS-DYAD-Ghana study was a partially double-blind, randomized controlled trial which assigned women (n = 1320) ≤20 weeks of gestation to daily supplementation with: 1) iron and folic acid during pregnancy and 200 mg Ca for …

Prenatal And Postnatal Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplementation And Cognitive, Social-Emotional, And Motor Function In Preschool-Aged Children In Ghana: A Follow-Up Of A Randomized Controlled Trial, Maku E. Ocansey, Seth Adu-Afrawuah, Sika M. Kumordzie, Harriet Okronipa, Rebecca R. Young, Solace M. Tamakloe, Brietta M. Oaks, Kathryn G. Dewey, Elizabeth L. Prado

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background: Adequate nutrition is necessary for brain development during pregnancy and infancy. Few randomized controlled trials of supplementation during these periods have measured later developmental outcomes.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the effects of provision of prenatal and postnatal lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) on child development at preschool age.

Methods: We conducted a follow-up study of 966 children aged 4–6 y in 2016, born to women who participated in the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements-DYAD trial conducted in Ghana in 2009–2014, representing 79% of eligible children. Women ≤20 weeks of gestation were randomized to daily LNS or …

Sex Differences In Lifestyle Behaviors Among U.S. College Freshmen, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Camille C. Charlier, Geoffrey W. Greene, Wenjun Zhou, Sarah E. Colby

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Within lifestyle behavior research, the sex of populations causes differences in behaviors and outcomes of studies. This cross-sectional study investigated lifestyle behavior patterns in college students, examining sex differences in four areas: Nutrition, physical activity, sleep, and stress. Data from over 1100 college freshmen across 8 United States universities were used for this cross-sectional analysis. Self-reported data assessed fruit and vegetable intake, fat percent intake, physical activity, perceived stress, and sleep quality. Statistical analysis included Pearson chi-squared and Mann–Whitney’s U tests for scores by sex. Likewise, healthy cut-offs were used to determine frequency of participants within range of the five …

Micronutrient Adequacy In Preschool Children Attending Family Child Care Homes, Esther Cuarado-Soto, Patricia M. Risica, Kim M. Gans, Carly Ellis, Carolina D. Araujo, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Kristen C. Stowers, Alison Tovar

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Limited data is available on the micronutrient intake and adequacy in preschool children enrolled in family child care homes (FCCH). The goal of this paper is to describe the micronutrient adequacy relative to age-specific recommendations of preschool-aged children (aged 2–5 years) attending FCCH in Rhode Island (RI). Dietary data among younger preschoolers (aged 2–3 years), n = 245) and older preschoolers (aged 4–5 years), n = 121) in 118 RI FCCH (N = 366 children) were analyzed. Nutrient adequacy was assessed as the amount of nutrient per 1000 kcal of the diet that would meet the Institute of Medicine nutrient …

A Multi-Year Examination Of Gardening Experience And Fruit And Vegetable Intake During College, Daniel Staub, Sarah E. Colloy, Melissa D. Olfert, Kendra Kattleman, Wenjun Zhou, Tanya M. Horacek, Geoffrey W. Greene, Ivana Radosavljevic, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Anne E. Mathews

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Gardening has been positively associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption based on short-term studies among children, but long-term data among adolescents and young adults are lacking. This investigation sought to elucidate the association between gardening experience and FV intake among college students over a two-year period. Students (N = 593) from eight universities were assessed at the end of their freshman (Y1) and sophomore (Y2) years during the springs of 2016 and 2017, respectively. At each time point, participants completed the NCI FV Screener and questions related to gardening experience and FV-related attitudes and behaviors. Students were then categorized …

The Icook 4-H Study: An Intervention And Dissemination Test Of A Youth/Adult Out-Of-School Program, Adrienne A. White, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert, Tara A. Gould, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Douglas R. Mathews, Jonathan Moyer, Kimberly Wilson, Kathryn Yerxa

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

To describe outcomes from intervention and dissemination of iCook 4-H.

Design

Five-state, community-based participatory research and a randomized, controlled trial followed by a 5-state, nonrandomized dissemination test of the iCook 4-H curriculum with control and treatment groups.

Setting

Community and university sites.

Participants

Youths aged 9–10 years and their adult food preparer; 228 dyads in the intervention and 74 dyads in dissemination.

Intervention(s)

Theoretical frameworks were Social Cognitive Theory and the experiential 4-H learning model. Six 2-hour, biweekly sessions on cooking, eating, and playing together followed by monthly newsletters and boosters until 24 months, expanded to 8 sessions …

Ozark Historical Review, 2019, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Department Of History

The Ozark Historical Review

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Of Integrating Microfluidics Into Point-Of-Care Bio-Diagnostics, Swetha Manoharan

Theses

Potassium in the body needs to be maintained in proper levels for the normal functioning of heart and kidneys. The aim of this work is to develop a simple technique to measure the concentration of Potassium present in a bodily fluid sample, which can be used to assess the health condition of extremely sick patients, especially when the patient's condition needs to be diagnosed and results needs to be obtained rapidly under Point-of-Care settings. Microfluidics is one of the platforms used in bio-diagnostics because of several advantages such as low sample volume requirement and integration into high-throughput screening. In this …

Consumer Considerations Of Local Value-Added Dairy Products In North Carolina's Triangle, Gabriel Adjei Agyekum

Theses

The global and domestic dairy markets promise exciting opportunities for companies willing to adapt to a continuously evolving consumer market. However, local dairy farmers face a myriad of challenges as they navigate low milk prices, shrinking margins, increasing production cost, and a rising demand for plant-based varieties of milk, yogurt, cheese and other dairy-based foods. The goal of this research was to investigate consumer behavior towards value-added local dairy products in North Carolina’s Triangle cities of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill. Data were used from an overarching project with collected data from food consumers in the triangle tri-city area using …

Geographic Differences In The Dietary Quality Of Food Purchases Among Participants In The Nationally Representative Food Acquisition And Purchase Survey (Foodaps), Maya Vadiveloo, Elie Perraud, Haley W. Parker, Filippa Juul, Niyati Parekh

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Objective grocery transactions may reflect diet, but it is unclear whether the diet quality of grocery purchases mirrors geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in diet-related diseases. This cross-sectional analysis of 3961 households in the nationally representative Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey evaluated geographic and racial/ethnic disparities in grocery purchase quality. Respondents self-reported demographics and recorded purchases over 7 days; the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 assessed diet quality. Survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted regression determined whether there were geographic and racial/ethnic differences in HEI-15 scores. Respondents were, on average, 50.6 years, non-Hispanic white (NHW) (70.3%), female (70.2%), and had attended some college (57.8%). HEI-15 …

Robustness Of Food Processing Classification Systems, Rachel Bleiweiss-Sande, Kenneth Chui, E. Whitney Evans, Jeanne Goldberg, Sarah A. Amin, Jennifer Sachek

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Discrepancies exist among food processing classification systems and in the relationship between processed food intake and dietary quality of children. This study compared inter-rater reliability, food processing category, and the relationship between processing category and nutrient concentration among three systems (Nova, International Food Information Council (IFIC), and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC)). Processing categories for the top 100 most commonly consumed foods children consume (NHANES 2013–2014) were independently coded and compared using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Relative ability of nutrient concentration to predict processing category was investigated using linear discriminant analysis and multinomial logistic regression and compared …

Physician Assistant Fort Lauderdale, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Occupational Therapy Tampa, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Federalism, Entitlement, And Punishment Across The U.S. Social Welfare State, Wendy A. Bach

Book Chapters

In a 2018 letter the Trump Administration announced that it was open to proposals to include work requirements and other changes in state Medicaid programs. These proposals came in the form of administrative waiver requests that would allow particular states the flexibility to change the rules of Medicaid eligibility in their state. They were seeking permission to condition the receipt of Medicaid on compliance with work requirements and to “align” the Medicaid program with programs like Temporary Assistance to Needy Families. The Obama administration had consistently rejected such requests on the grounds that work requirements did not further the aims …

Preliminary Malacological Analysis Of Prehistoric Shell Material At The Burns Site 8br85, Chelsea Rose

Burns Site Reporting and Archiving

This document is a student report containing the preliminary malicalocgical analysis of shell material from the Burns (8BR85) site.

Research And Creative Activity, July 1, 2018-June 30, 2019: Major Sponsored Programs And Faculty Awards For Research And Creative Activity, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, Office Of Research And Economic Development, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln

Office of Research and Economic Development: Publications

Foreword by Bob Wilhelm, Vice Chancellor for Research and Economic Development:

This booklet highlights successes in research, scholarship and creative activity by University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty during the fiscal year running July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019.

It lists investigators, project titles and funding sources on major grants and sponsored awards received during the year; fellowships and other recognitions and honors bestowed on our faculty; books published by faculty; performances, exhibitions and other creative activity by our faculty; and patents and licensing agreements issued for products of Nebraska research.

2019 marks the university’s 150th anniversary, an exciting time to …

Education For Development: Priority Setting: Foundation Level, Australian Council For Educational Research (Acer)

Education Analytics Service

The purpose of this module is to provide introductory information about why donors should invest in education in developing countries. It also provides important information regarding the Australian aid program’s education investment strategies and priorities. On successful completion you will have gained valuable knowledge to contribute to the field of priority setting for education for development.

What Are We Really Eating?: An Analysis Of Food Labeling Transparency, Lily Van Petten

Fordham Undergraduate Law Review

Understanding a nutrition label can often be like deciphering ancient hieroglyphics. This Note examines the ethical and legal constraints of food nutrition labeling with specific key words such as “all-natural” and “superfood” in the United States. The subject of nutrition in the law is first explored through the 2018 lawsuit Rice v. National Beverage Corp. Many educated, nutritionally informed citizens still do not have a clear grasp of what chemicals and other synthetic ingredients they are consuming when buying popular brands. Large food companies use persuasive marketing to attract consumers, especially through misrepresenting nutritional data. In this case specifically, Lenora …

Portable Medical Order Sets (Polst®): Ethical And Legal Landscape, Sharona Hoffman

Faculty Publications

Anyone who has observed the dying of a loved one or who has thought about medical care in the final months of life may be concerned about end-of-life care. How can individuals ensure that their care fits their needs and preferences if they cannot express these because of dementia, confusion, or other frailties? Some worry that they will receive care that is painful and aggressive in the last stages of disease even though they would prefer comfort care only. By contrast, others worry that physicians will withhold therapeutic care because they assume that such care is unwanted by patients who …

Development And Validation Of The Policies, Opportunities, Initiatives And Notable Topics (Points) Audit For Campuses And Worksites, Tanya M. Horacek, Marlei Simon, Elif D. Yildirim, Adrienne A. White, Karla P. Shelnutt, Kristin Riggsbee, Melissa D. Olfert, Jesse S. Morrell, Anne E. Matthews, Wenjun Zhou, Tandalayo Kidd, Kendra Kattlemann, Geoffrey Greene, Lisa Frazen-Casstle, Sarah Colby, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Onikia Brown

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Workplace or campus wellness/obesity-prevention policies and initiatives can improve health. Research tools to assess worksite or campus policies/initiatives are scarce. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop and validate the policies, opportunities, initiatives, and notable topics (POINTS) audit. Methods: POINTS was developed and refined via expert review, pilot-testing, and field testing. Trained researchers completed a web-based review from a student-focus or employee-focus regarding 34 health-promoting topics for colleges. Each topic was evaluated on a 0–2 scale: 0 = no policy/initiative, 1 = initiatives, 2 = written policy. When a written policy was detected, additional policy support questions …

Cooking And Meal Planning As Predictors Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake And Bmi In First-Year College Students, Andrea J. Hanson, Kendra K. Kattleman, Lacey A. Mccormack, Wenjun Zhou, Onikia N. Brown, Tanya M. Horacek, Karla P. Shelnutt, Tandalayo Kidd, Audrey Opoku-Acheampong, Lisa D. Franzen-Castle, Melissa D. Olfert, Sarah E. Colby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The objective was to determine if cooking skills and meal planning behaviors are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake and lower body mass index (BMI) in first-year college students who are at risk for excessive weight gain. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from a multi-state research project aimed at preventing weight gain in first-year college students. Cooking type, frequency and confidence, self-instruction for healthful mealtime behavior intention, self-regulation of healthful mealtime behavior, and cup equivalents of fruits and vegetables (FV) were measured using validated surveys. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. First-year students (n …

The Evidence Of Human Exposure To Glyphosate: A Review, C. Gillezeau, M. Van Gerwen, R. M. Shaffer, I. Rana, L. Zhang, L. Sheppard, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Despite the growing and widespread use of glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide and desiccant, very few studies have evaluated the extent and amount of human exposure. Objective: We review documented levels of human exposure among workers in occupational settings and the general population. Methods: We conducted a review of scientific publications on glyphosate levels in humans; 19 studies were identified, of which five investigated occupational exposure to glyphosate, 11 documented the exposure in general populations, and three reported on both. Results: Eight studies reported urinary levels in 423 occupationally and para-occupationally exposed subjects; 14 studies reported …

Differential Bacterial Colonization And Biofilm Formation On Punctal Occluders, M. Hadjiargyrou, E. D. Donnenfeld, L. M. Grillo, H. D. Perry

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Dry eye is a common condition that is treated primarily by topical lubricants, immunomodulation, and a variety of punctal and canalicular plugs (occluders). Biofilm formation has been reported as an ongoing problem with the clinical use of occluders. In order to explore the role of biofilm formation on occluders, we tested the bacteria strain, Staphylococcus aureus, with three different types of occluders, Delta R , Odyssey R , and Alphamed R . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of these occluders revealed a variation in surface appearance, with Odyssey R being the smoothest (but with grooves), followed …

Homozygous Nlrp1 Gain-Of-Function Mutation In Siblings With A Syndromic Form Of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis, S. B. Drutman, F. Haerynck, F. L. Zhong, D. Hum, N. J. Hernandez, S. Belkaya, F. Rapaport, S. J. De Jong, V. R. Bonagura, J. Laurent-Casanova, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) is a rare and debilitating childhood disease that presents with recurrent growth of papillomas in the upper airway. Two common human papillomaviruses (HPVs), HPV-6 and -11, are implicated in most cases, but it is still not understood why only a small proportion of children develop JRRP following exposure to these common viruses. We report 2 siblings with a syndromic form of JRRP associated with mild dermatologic abnormalities. Whole-exome sequencing of the patients revealed a private homozygous mutation in NLRP1, encoding Nucleotide-Binding Domain Leucine-Rich Repeat Family Pyrin …

Equalization Of Four Cardiovascular Risk Algorithms After Systematic Recalibration: Individual-Participant Meta-Analysis Of 86 Prospective Studies, L. Pennells, S. Kaptoge, A. Wood, M. Sweeting, X. Zhao, I. White, S. Burgess, P. Willeit, K. W. Davidson, E. Di Angelantonio, +90 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. Aims There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after 'recalibration', a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. Methods and results Using individual-participant data on 360 737 participants without CVD at baseline in 86 prospective studies from 22 countries, we compared the Framingham risk score (FRS), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), …

Cholinergic Control Of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysfunction, And Cognitive Impairment In Obesity-Associated Disorders: Mechanisms And Novel Therapeutic Opportunities, E. H. Chang, S. S. Chavan, V. A. Pavlovh

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Evidence For The Role Of Mindfulness In Cancer: Benefits And Techniques., R. Mehta, K. Sharma, L. Potters, A. G. Wernicke, B. Parashar

Journal Articles

Mindfulness is being used increasingly in various aspects of cancer management. Benefits of mindfulness practices are being observed to manage the adverse effects of treatment, symptoms from cancer progression, and the cost-effectiveness compared to conventional contemporary management strategies. In this review article, we present clinical trial data showing the benefits of mindfulness in various aspects of cancer management as well as techniques that have been commonly used in this practice.

Endoscopic Identification Of Endoluminal Esophageal Landmarks For Radial And Longitudinal Orientation And Lesion Location, F. Emura, R. Gomez-Esquivel, C. Rodriguez-Reyes, P. Benias, J. Preciado, M. Wallace, L. Giraldo-Cadavid

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. AIM To characterize esophageal endoluminal landmarks to permit radial and longitudinal esophageal orientation and accurate lesion location. METHODS Distance from the incisors and radial orientation were estimated for the main left bronchus and the left atrium landmarks in 207 consecutive patients using white light examination. A sub-study was also performed using white light followed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in 25 consecutive patients to confirm the findings. The scope orientation throughout the exam was maintained at the natural axis, where the left esophageal quadrant corresponds to the area …

Which Clinical And Biochemical Predictors Should Be Used To Screen For Diabetes In Patients With Serious Mental Illness Receiving Antipsychotic Medication? A Large Observational Study, A. J. Mitchell, D. Vancampfort, P. Manu, C. U. Correll, M. Wampers, R. Van Winkel, W. Yu, M. De Hert

Journal Articles

© 2019 Mitchell et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Objective We aimed to investigate which clinical and metabolic tests offer optimal accuracy and acceptability to help diagnose diabetes among a large sample of people with serious mental illness in receipt of antipsychotic medication. Methods A prospective observational study design of biochemical and clinical factors was used. Biochemical measures were fasting glucose, insulin and lipids, oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), hemoglobin …