Digital Commons Network^™

A Catchment-Scale Perspective Of Plastic Pollution, Fredric M. Windsor, Isabelle Durance, Alice A. Horton, Richard C. Thompson, Charles R. Tyler, Steve J. Ormerod

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Plastic pollution is distributed across the globe, but compared with marine environments, there is only rudimentary understanding of the distribution and effects of plastics in other ecosystems. Here, we review the transport and effects of plastics across terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. We focus on hydrological catchments as well-defined landscape units that provide an integrating scale at which plastic pollution can be investigated and managed. Diverse processes are responsible for the observed ubiquity of plastic pollution, but sources, fluxes and sinks in river catchments are poorly quantified. Early indications are that rivers are hotspots of plastic pollution, supporting some of …

Parental Mediation And The Internet: Findings Of Net Children Go Mobile For Parents' Mediation Strategies In Ireland: Mediazione Dei Genitori E Internet: Risultati Di Net Children Go Mobile Per Le Strategie Di Mediazione Di Genitori In Irlanda., Thuy Dinh, Brian O'Neill

Articles

Based on data collected from the Net Children Go Mobile project, a cross- national study of children aged 9-16 in seven European countries with a focus on the Irish context, this article examines parental mediation of children’ online ac- tivities. The relationship between children’s digital skills (including internet and smartphone use) and parental mediation is also examined and factors influenc- ing parent mediation are highlighted. Parents implement a range of strategies, favouring strict mediation and rules over active mediation on internet safety, but these were associated with reduced children’s online activities and digital skills. These findings challenge researchers to identify …

A Novel Behaviour Profiling Approach To Continuous Authentication For Mobile Applications, S Alotaibi, A Alruban, S Furnell, N Clarke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Privacy Enhancing Data Access Control For Ambient Assisted Living, Hendrik Kuijs, Timo Bayer, Christoph Reich, Martin Knahl, Nathan Clarke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

End-To-Middle-To-End Solution For Ims Media Plane Security, Jose Oscar Fajardo, Fidel Liberal, Fudong Li, Nathan Clarke, Is Haka Mkwawa

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) is becoming the prevailing candidate for managing future mobile multimedia communications, including critical communications such as public safety, emergency professionals and corporate networks. IMS security and privacy has gained much attention in the few last years. The review of recent IMS security activities stresses the inclusion of intermediate nodes in the media path of secured communications as an open issue. This paper presents an end-to-middle-to-end solution which enables the usage of IMS media plane elements such as recorders, transcoders and novel cross-ciphering functions in a secure way. The proposed solution, which is fully compliant with IMS, …

#Brexit Vs. #Stopbrexit: What Is Trendier? An Nlp Analysis, M Palomino, A Murali

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Online trends have established themselves as a new method of information propagation that is reshaping journalism in the digital age. We argue that sentiment analysis—the classification of human emotion expressed in text—can enhance existing algorithms for trend discovery. By highlighting topics that are polarised, sentiment analysis can offer insight into the influence of users who are involved in a trend, and how other users adopt such a trend. As a case study, we have investigated a highly topical subject: Brexit, the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. We retrieved an experimental corpus of publicly available tweets referring …

Design For Life: Research Methods, Design Thinking And Authorial Illustration Practice, Sm Black

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Plastics, The Environment And Society: Current Consensus And Future Directions, Richard C. Thompson, Sabine Pahl

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

In less than 60 years, plastics have transformed our daily lives. Usage is increasing and now exceeds 330 million tonnes per annum. In this concluding chapter we summarise current understanding about the benefits and concerns of plastics usage and look to future priorities, challenges and opportunities. It is clear that plastics bring many societal benefits and offer the potential for further advances in medical and technological applications, as well as carbon reductions. However, it is also widely acknowledged that current production, use and disposal of plastics is not sustainable. Our understanding of the issues associated with end of life plastics …

A Guide For Vet Teachers With A Focus On Aquaculture: Using Student Rapid Response Systems (Srrs) For Formative Assessment And For Recognition Of Prior Learning (Rpl), Anne Murphy, Aiden Kenny, Martyn Haines, Christine Dudgeon, Dag Willmann

Other resources

Introduction: This Optimal Guide is organised into 6 Parts as illustrated below. The reader is free to follow the sequence of parts or simply go to the parts of relevance.

Musical Borrowing In Sonification, Núria Bonet

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Sonification presents some challenges in communicating information, particularly because of the large difference between possible data to sound mappings and cognitively valid mappings. It is an information transmission process which can be described through the Shannon-Weaver Theory of Mathematical Communication. Musical borrowing is proposed as a method in sonification which can aid the information transmission process as the composer’s and listener’s shared musical knowledge is used. This article describes the compositional process of Wasgiischwashäsch (2017) which uses Rossini’s William Tell Overture (1829) to sonify datasets relating to climate change in Switzerland. It concludes that the familiarity of audiences with the …

Ewva: European Women's Video Art In The 70s And 80s, Stephen Partridge, Laura Leuzzi, Elaine Shemilt

School of Art, Design and Architecture

EWVA European Women's Video Art in the 70s and 80s is the main output of the eponymous research project funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council and based at Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design. The research team consisted of the Principal Investigator, Professor Elaine Shemilt, the Co-investigator Professor Stephen Partridge, Dr Laura Leuzzi, as Post-Doctoral Researcher and Adam Lockhart as Media Archivist.The book retraces some of the stories of early women artists video experimentation in Europe, and their achievements, and features chapters on fundamental case studies of early video artworks, themes, genres and geographical areas, to …

As Blind As A Bat? Opsin Phylogenetics Illuminates The Evolution Of Color Vision In Bats, Bruno F. Simões, Nicole M. Foley, Graham M. Hughes, Huabin Zhao, Shuyi Zhang, Stephen J. Rossiter, Emma C. Teeling

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Through their unique use of sophisticated laryngeal echolocation bats are considered sensory specialists amongst mammals and represent an excellent model in which to explore sensory perception. Although several studies have shown that the evolution of vision is linked to ecological niche adaptation in other mammalian lineages, this has not yet been fully explored in bats. Recent molecular analysis of the opsin genes, which encode the photosensitive pigments underpinning color vision, have implicated high-duty cycle (HDC) echolocation and the adoption of cave roosting habits in the degeneration of color vision in bats. However, insufficient sampling of relevant taxa has hindered definitive …

Seagrass Soil Archives Reveal Centennial-Scale Metal Smelter Contamination While Acting As Natural Filters, Anna Lafratta, O Serrano, Pere Masque, Miguel Mateo, Milena Fernandes, Sam Gaylard, Paul Lavery

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The upper Spencer Gulf in South Australia hosts the world's largest single stream Pb-Zn smelter, which has caused environmental and health issues related to elevated metal concentrations in the surrounding environment. The area also has extensive seagrass meadows, occupying >4000 km². We reconstructed the fluxes of heavy metals over the last ~3000 years through a multi-parameter study of the soil archives formed by the seagrass Posidonia australis. Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations increased up to 9-fold following the onset of smelter operations in the 1880s, and the stable Pb isotopic signatures confirmed the smelter has been the main …

On Coding And Detection Techniques For Two-Dimensional Magnetic Recording, Mohammed Dikko Almustapha

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The areal density growth of magnetic recording systems is fast approaching the superparamagnetic limit for conventional magnetic disks. This is due to the increasing demand for high data storage capacity. Two-dimensional Magnetic Recording (TDMR) is a new technology aimed at increasing the areal density of magnetic recording systems beyond the limit of current disk technology using conventional disk media. However, it relies on advanced coding and signal processing techniques to achieve areal density gains. Current state of the art signal processing for TDMR channel employed iterative decoding with Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, coupled with 2D equalisers and full …

Assessment Of Quality Of Experience Of High Dynamic Range Images Using The Eeg And Applications In Healthcare, Shaymaa Al-Juboori

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Recent years have witnessed the widespread application of High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging, which like the Human Visual System (HVS), has the ability to capture a wide range of luminance values. Areas of application include home-entertainment, security, scientific imaging, video processing, computer graphics, multimedia communications, and healthcare. However, in practice, HDR content cannot be displayed in full on standard or low dynamic range (LDR) displays, and this diminishes the benefits of HDR technology for many users. To address this problem, Tone-Mapping Operators (TMO) are used to convert HDR images so that they can be displayed on low-dynamic-range displays and preserve …

The Case Of Inter-Expert Creative Collaboration In Science Gallery Dublin: A Discourse Analytical Approach, Diane Tangney [Thesis]

Doctoral

The phenomenon of creativity has been a focus of enquiry by psychologists for many years. Compared with individual creativity, much less is known about creativity in collaborative contexts (Glăveanu, 2010; Sawyer, 2010). Taking a sociocultural view of creativity, this study contributes to an emerging strand of research that focusses centrally on how creativity unfolds in the performance of creative collaboration.

The research design followed an inductive path conducive to theory building and employed a single case study method (Yin, 2009). Science Gallery Dublin, part of Trinity College Dublin (TCD), is presented as a special place for creative collaboration.

In response …

An Evaluation Of Targeted Security Awareness For End Users, Najem Mahmoud Ahmmed Ahmmed

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Users are frequently cited as being the weakest link in the information security chain. However, in many cases they are ill-positioned to follow good practice and make the necessary decisions. Part of the reason here is that even if security awareness, training and/or education have been provided, some of the key points may have been forgotten by the time that users find themselves facing security-related decisions. There are several scenarios in which users find themselves facing security-related decisions. However, while in such situations, many do not have an adequate understanding of security and do not receive the appropriate advice to …

Un(Der)Employed Youth: From Precariousness To Resilience, Alia Weston, Miguel Imas, Jennifer Manning, Paul Donnelly, Kudzayi Ngwerume

Articles

In this paper, we explore the experiences of Irish and Zimbabwean youth who live and work in precarious economic conditions. We study these youths’ experiences in a manner that traverses contexts under the question: How do un(der)employed youth in the Global South and Global North enact resilience and agency while navigating economic precarity? The paper builds on youth literature from both the Global North and Global South, emphasizing socio-economic precarity, youth agency, and resilience. We collected our data from interviews conducted in Ireland and Zimbabwe. Methodologically, the paper follows a postcolonial narrative approach to study these experiences. Our findings show …

Towards Supporting Academic Authors, Researchers And Phd Students In Higher Education, Eileen O'Donnell, Liam O'Donnell

Books/Book Chapters

Academic authors, researchers, PhD, Doctoral, and Master’s students, write articles for journals, books, book chapters for inclusion in edited books, papers for conferences and conference proceedings, and so forth as a method of communicating and sharing scholarly research findings. This chapter reviews the supports necessary to learn how to effectively undertake research and successfully publish the findings. These supports could satisfactorily be provided through an e-learning portal or an e-learning platform. An e-learning module could be used to facilitate collaboration amongst staff, researchers, PhD, and post graduate students, who share similar research interests. Staff and students should be encouraged to …

Debating The Geographies Of Contemporary Higher Education Students: Diversity, Resilience, Resistance?, Mark Holton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Network Security Intelligence Centres For Information Security Incident Management, Natalia Miloslavskaya

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Intensive IT development has led to qualitative changes in our living, which are driving current information security (IS) trends and require sophisticated structures and adequate approached to manage IS for different businesses. The wide range of threats is constantly growing in modern intranets; they have become not only numerous and diverse but more disruptive. In such circumstances, organizations realize that IS incidents’ timely detection and prevention in the future (what is more important) are not only possible but imperative. Any delay and only reactive actions to IS incidents put their assets under risk. A properly designed IS incident management system …

Emerging Food Processing Technologies And Factors Impacting Their Industrial Adoption, Anushree Priyadarshini, Gaurav Rajauria, Colm. P. O'Donnell, Brijesh K. Tiwari

Articles

Innovative food processing technologies have been widely investigated in food processing research in recent years. These technologies offer key advantages for advancing the preservation and quality of conventional foods, for combatting the growing challenges posed by globalization, increased competitive pressures and diverse consumer demands. However, there is a need to increase the level of adoption of novel technologies to ensure the potential benefits of these technologies are exploited more by the food industry. This review outlines emerging thermal and non-thermal food processing technologies with regard to their mechanisms, applications and commercial aspects. The level of adoption of novel food processing …

Cooking A Corporation Tax Controversy: Apple, Ireland And The Eu., Ciara Graham, Brendan O'Rourke

Articles

Given the centrality of corporations in distribution of income and wealth studies, discursive constructions of corporate taxation are essential to understanding the production of inequality. The focus of this study is an interview with Apple’s Chief Executive Tim Cook on the Irish state broadcaster, Raidió Teilifís Éireann’s (RTÉ) flagship news programme, Morning Ireland, following the ruling by the European Commission (EC) on the corporation tax arrangements between Apple Inc. and Ireland. Drawing on a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, a frame analysis is provided. The significance and extent of the EC’s ruling has potential implications for corporation taxation policy, within …

Dean's Update, I Mills

Peninsula Dental School

No abstract provided.

Transparent User Authentication For Mobile Applications, Saud Nejr S Alotaibi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The use of smartphones in our daily lives has grown steadily, due to the combination of mobility and round-the-clock multi-connectivity. In particular, smartphones are used to perform activities, such as sending emails, transferring money via mobile Internet banking, making calls, texting, surfing the Internet, viewing documents, storing medical, confidential and personal information, shopping online and playing games. Some active applications are considered sensitive and confidential and the risks are high in the event of the loss of any sensitive data or privacy breaches. In addition, after the point of entry, using techniques such as a PIN or password, the user …

Belonging In Brexit Britain: Central And Eastern European 1.5 Generation Young People's Experiences, Naomi Tyrrell, Daniela Sime, Claire Kelly, Christina Mcmellon

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

An Object-Based Multimedia Forensic Analysis Tool, Shahlaa Talib Mashhadani

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

With the enormous increase in the use and volume of photographs and videos, multimedia-based digital evidence now plays an increasingly fundamental role in criminal investigations. However, with the increase, it is becoming time-consuming and costly for investigators to analyse content manually. Within the research community, focus on multimedia content has tended to be on highly specialised scenarios such as tattoo identification, number plate recognition, and child exploitation. An investigator’s ability to search multimedia data based on keywords (an approach that already exists within forensic tools for character-based evidence) could provide a simple and effective approach for identifying relevant imagery. This …

Antifouling Paint Particles In Intertidal Estuarine Sediments From Southwest England And Their Ingestion By The Harbour Ragworm, Hediste Diversicolor, Christina Muller-Karanassos, Andrew Turner, William Arundel, Tom Vance, Penelope K. Lindeque, Matthew Cole

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

© 2019 Antifouling paint particles (APPs) of between 500 μm and >2 mm in diameter have been identified in silty, intertidal estuarine sediments through a combination of microscopy and x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. APPs were heterogeneously distributed, with maximal concentrations of 430 particles L −1 (0.2 g L −1 ) near to a facility where boats are regularly maintained and 400 particles L −1 (4.2 g L −1 ) at a location where old boats had been abandoned, with the majority of particles encountered in the finest size fraction retrieved. APPs contained variable concentrations of Cu, Zn, Sn and Pb, with …

A Service Evaluation Of The “Open Wide And Step Inside” School Oral Health Programme, Robert Witton, Wendy Smith

Peninsula Dental School

No abstract provided.

Visions Of The Future In Budgetary Discourse, Ewan Macdonald, Brendan O'Rourke, John Hogan

Conference papers

Whilst there is ample precedent to argue against the common-sense notion that the ideological leanings of political parties are congruent with their implementation of fiscal policy (Boix, 2000; Garrett & Lange, 1991; Hibbs, 1977; Liargovas & Manolas, 2007), there is a relative dearth of research on the role of discourse in shaping fiscal policy with one notable exception by Maatsch (2014). With this in mind, we approach the issue of examining fiscal policy through a fixed, contested and subverted within particular texts” (Howarth, 2005, p. 341). This paper examines how the future is constructed in Irish budget speeches delivered between …