Digital Commons Network^™

A Hard X-Ray Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission Free-Electron Laser Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms For Dedicated User Applications, Di̇dem Ketenoğlu, Gazi̇ Erkan Bostanci, Ayhan Aydin, Bora Ketenoğlu

Turkish Journal of Physics

Accelerator-based fourth-generation light sources are utilized in a wide range of interdisciplinary applications such as nanotechnology, materials science, biosciences, and medicine. A hard X-ray free-electron laser (FEL), as a state-of-the-art light source, was optimized using evolutionary algorithms for dedicated user applications such as X-ray Raman scattering (XRS), resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), and X-ray emission spectroscopies (XES). Optimal parameter sets were obtained for an in-vacuum planar undulator driven by an 8 GeV electron beam. Performance parameters of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) operation (i.e. optimized SASE performance parameters through evolutionary algorithms) were found to be consistent with operating X-ray FEL facilities …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Si-Pin Photodiodes, Emre Doğanci, Şenol Kaya, Ali̇ekber Aktağ, Eli̇f Sarigül Duman, Raşi̇t Turan, Huseyi̇n Karacali̇, Ercan Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this work, characteristics of silicon-based p$^{+\, }$type, intrinsic (I), n$^{-}$ type (Si-PIN) photodiodes with active area of 3.5 $\times $ 3.5 mm$^{2}$, 5.0 $\times $ 5.0 mm$^{2}$, or 7.0 $\times $ 7.0 mm$^{2}$ and their possible usage in optoelectronics were studied. The devices were fabricated in the Radiation Detector Application and Research Center (NÜRDAM) of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Turkey. To acquire the device specifications, the current-voltage (I-V) and the capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements were carried out in the photoconductive mode. Quantum efficiency and spectral responsivity measurements were performed in the photovoltaic mode. Both measurements were carried out in …

Tuning The Electrical And Morphological Characteristics Of Pedot:Pss Films Through Mixed Cosolvent Addition And Performance Of Their Polymer Solar Cells, Çi̇sem Kirbiyik

Turkish Journal of Physics

This work aimed to reveal the influence of premixed cosolvent addition to low conductive PEDOT:PSS solution and how the optimized thin film conductivity develops. PEDOT:PSS thin films were obtained by addition of EG and MeOH cosolvent mixture (8, 10, and 15 v/v.%) and the morphological, electrical, optical, and bandgap properties of the films obtained were characterized by different techniques. The addition of mixed cosolvent can effectively control the grain size distribution and thus the conductivity. The optical characterization results revealed that the bandgap decreased with increasing volume of mixed cosolvent. The conductivity characteristics showed that the addition of 10% v/v.% …

Chemical Synthesis Of Zinc Oxide Nanorods And Their Transformation Intonanotubes, Pijus Kanti Samanta

Turkish Journal of Physics

A simple wet chemical method was successfully deployed to synthesize zinc oxide nanorods and nanotubes of hexagonal morphology. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ZnO with almost equal atomic percentages of Zn and O atoms. The FESEM images confirmed the formation of ZnO nanorods and nanotubes of length 1.5 to 2 $\mu $m and diameter 500 nm to 1 $\mu $m. The growth of the nanorods saturated under the combined effect of ionic association of Zn$^{2+}$ and OH$^{-}$ ions, Gibbs' energy of the reaction, reaction temperature, and the enthalpy of the system. Further stirring led to dissolution resulting …

On Possible Inversion Effects In The Technology Of Capillary-Porous Materials, Bulbul Yerzhenbek

Turkish Journal of Physics

The article discusses the possible place and role of the well-known thermodynamic Joule-Thomson effect in the technology of capillary-porous materials. The presence of the Joule-Thomson effect in these materials is substantiated by the peculiarities of the mechanism and kinetics of the diffusion physicochemical processes proceeding when they are heated. A mathematical description of the integral effects in capillary-porous materials under isothermal conditions is given.

Relativistic Dynamics Of A Scalar Boson Confined By Woods-Saxon Potential In Anucleus, Nuray Candemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Physics

We undertook a theoretical study of a scalar boson confined by Woods-Saxon potential in a nucleus via the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation. We analytically obtained the eigenvectors and energy levels through the hypergeometric functions. Single-particle energy levels of a boson in the ${}^{208} {Pb}$ nucleus were calculated numerically.

A Hybrid Framework For Sentiment Analysis Using Genetic Algorithm Based Feature Reduction, Farkhund Iqbal, Jahanzeb Maqbool Hashmi, Benjamin C.M. Fung, Rabia Batool, Asad Masood Khattak, Saiqa Aleem, Patrick C.K. Hung

All Works

© 2019 IEEE. Due to the rapid development of Internet technologies and social media, sentiment analysis has become an important opinion mining technique. Recent research work has described the effectiveness of different sentiment classification techniques ranging from simple rule-based and lexicon-based approaches to more complex machine learning algorithms. While lexicon-based approaches have suffered from the lack of dictionaries and labeled data, machine learning approaches have fallen short in terms of accuracy. This paper proposes an integrated framework which bridges the gap between lexicon-based and machine learning approaches to achieve better accuracy and scalability. To solve the scalability issue that arises …

Study Of A = 100-150 Superdeformed Mass Region By Using Two-Parameterformula, Vidya Devi, Jagjit Singh Matharu

Turkish Journal of Physics

Empirical formulae of rotational spectra consisting two parameters, such as single-term energy formula, E = aJb for spin J , and ab formula, were used to study the different features of superdeformed band in A = 100-150 mass region nuclei. The nuclear kinematic and dynamic moment of inertia for the ground-state rotational bands were calculated for this purpose and both showed gradual rise with rotational frequency. The study of ΔI = 2 staggering effects in the γ-ray energies, where the two sequences J = 4i; 4i + 1 and J = 4i + 2, (i = 0; 1; ...) are …

Effects Of Cooling Rate On The Atomic Structure And Glass Formation Process Of Co90 Zr10 Metallic Glass Investigated By Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Murat Çeltek, Sedat Şengül

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this study, the atomic structure and the glass formation process of Co90 Zr10 metallic glass alloy were studied by molecular dynamic simulation based on the embedded atom method using four different cooling rates. The average atomic volume and the potential energy of the system were observed to be strongly dependent on the cooling rate during rapid solidification, and the glass transition temperature decreased with decreasing cooling rate. The radial distribution functions and the structure factors derived from molecular dynamics simulations at 300 K agreed well with the experimental and other molecular dynamics results. The coordination numbers calculated at 300 …

Effect Of Left-Handed Materials In Surface Plasmon Excitation And Propagationlength, Ari̇f Engi̇n Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Physics

We investigated the dispersion relation of surface plasmons (SPs) excited in a medium comprised of a left-handed material (LHM) layer. We investigated different light polarizations in SP excitation along an LHM-metal interface. We studied SP excitation through a classical Kretschmann geometry, employing an LHM interlayer between a dielectric and a metal layer. Using this three-layer configuration, we investigated the effect of LHM medium on characterizing SP propagation length, which is directly related to the energy of the surface waves.

Autonomous Piston Engine Guided By The Transduction Of Radiation Pressure Inoptomechanical Brownian Motors, Yusuf Gül

Turkish Journal of Physics

We consider the autonomous piston engine in a coupled cavity scheme in an optomechanical setup. Treating the radiation field as working fluid, we investigate the transduction of virtual photons due to ground state excitations. Rabi-like energy splittings and Casimir effect are shown by avoided crossing in the eigenfunction spectrum. Second order coherence functions are employed to analyze the bunching of the cavity and mechanical mode in optomechanical implementation of Brownian motors. The imbalance in occupation numbers of the working modes is investigated for the power for work extraction. We explore the guidance of the radiation field in work extraction. We …

Lorentz-Violating Effects In Single W Boson Production At The Lhc, Serdar Spor, İnanç Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Physics

We investigate the Lorentz-violating effects of Standard Model Extension (SME) in single W boson production process pp → pγp → p W- q' X at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We employ the Weizsacker-Williams approximation for photons emitted from one of the incoming proton beams and consider γq → W- q' as a subprocess in the proton-proton collision. The behavior of the differential cross-section for various orientations of the constant background fields is obtained by taking into account longitudinal and transverse polarization states of the final W bosons.

First- And Second-Law Thermodynamic Analyses Of A Combined Natural Gas Cyclepower Plant: Sankey And Grossman Diagrams, Mehmet Onur Karaağaç, Ahmet Kabul, Hasan Oğul

Turkish Journal of Physics

The natural gas combined cycle power plant is one of the best options for generating electricity due to its use of low carbon fuels, high efficiency, and operational flexibility. These plants consist of a combination of Brayton and Rankine cycles, and investigation of these cycles is performed in this paper. Here the parameters of pressure and temperature used in the calculations are taken from a combined cycle power plant. The net power output of the system at 25 °C ambient temperature and 101.325 kPa pressure was calculated as 45 and 12 MW for Brayton and Rankine cycles, respectively. In addition, …

Effect Of Al Doping On The Magnetic And Elastic Properties Of Fe65 Ni35 Invar Alloys, Asli Çakir

Turkish Journal of Physics

Invar alloys have great importance due to their low thermal expansion coefficient. The effect of Al doping on Fe65 Ni35 Invar alloy was investigated by temperature-dependent magnetization and elastic modulus measurements. First, 0.44 at% and 2.24 at% of Al were substituted for Ni. Then X-ray diffraction measurements, Rietveld refinements, and scanning electron microscopy studies were performed to understand the effect of Al-doping on the face-centered cubic structure. The elastic modulus of Fe65 Ni35 and the Al-doped samples were measured in the temperature range 300 ≤ T ≤ 870 K using impulse excitation. The temperature dependence of magnetization and elastic modulus …

Enhanced Efficiency Of Cds/P3ht Hybrid Solar Cells Via Interfacial Modification, Sali̇h Yilmaz, İsmai̇l Polat, Murat Tomaki̇n, Ahmet Ünverdi̇, Emi̇n Bacaksiz

Turkish Journal of Physics

The present paper examines the effects of surface modification of CdS with diverse dyes on fabricated CdSbased hybrid solar cells. The X-ray diffraction results showed that CdS thin films had a hexagonal phase with a preferred orientation along the (101) plane. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the CdS specimen was composed of a granular structure while a P3HT layer was formed from tiny grains. Band gaps of the CdS thin films and the P3HT layer were 2.45 eV and 1.98 eV, respectively. The absorption spectra showed that different dye loading caused an increase in the absorbance of CdS thin films …

On Memory Effect In Modified Gravity Theories, Ercan Kiliçarslan

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this work, we discuss the gravitational memory effect in higher derivative and infinite derivative gravity theories and give the detailed relevant calculations whose results were given in our recent works. We show that the memory effect in higher derivative gravity takes the same form as in pure GR at large distances, whereas at small distances, the results are different. We also demonstrate that, in infinite derivative gravity, the memory is reduced via error function as compared to Einstein's gravity. For the lower bound on the mass scale of nonlocality, the memory essentially reproduces the usual GR result at distances …

The Prism Model: Increasing Graduate Teaching Assistants’ Self-Perceptions Of Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Catharine Mattox

Theses and Dissertations

While graduate teaching assistants teach the majority of introductory lab and discussion sections at colleges and universities across the United States, there is a lack of empirical evidence on how to adequately prepare graduate teaching assistants for faculty roles and responsibilities outside of research. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to address a gap in the literature by examining a professional development activity that encouraged pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) development in conjunction with experiential learning for biology graduate teaching assistants. Specifically, this study sought to understand how: (a) the Teaching Triangles professional development activity supported biology graduate teaching …

African-American Male Teachers: Examining The Insight, Encounters, And Best Teaching Practices, Brandon Morgan

Theses and Dissertations

The experiences students have in schools has a large effect not only on their career choices but also on the way they interact with other members of society in the future. Specifically, the K-12 education system has an objective of ensuring that all students are adequately prepared to become responsible and productive members of society. Unfortunately, research shows that African-American male students and teachers face comparatively high levels of societal challenges compared to their Caucasian counterparts. General demographic trends reveal a serious concern.

While the number of black students entering the education system is increasing, there is a reduction in …

Stakeholders’ Perceptions Of An Undergraduate Teacher Preparation Program In Special Education In Jamaica, Keitha Ava Marie Osborne

Theses and Dissertations

The problem addressed in this study was that stakeholders (i.e., graduates, cooperating teachers, principals, and heads of special education departments) of a teacher preparation program in special education at a teachers’ college in western Jamaica had not been asked their perceptions of the effectiveness of the undergraduate program that was started in 2011.

The purpose of the study was to determine stakeholders’ perceptions of the preparedness and effectiveness of graduates of a teacher preparation program in special education at a teachers’ college in western Jamaica. The stakeholders were the recent fulltime graduates of the program, cooperating teachers, principals, and heads …

Measuring Employee Job Satisfaction During Workplace Downsizing, Trina Sanders

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was designed to examine the effects of workplace downsizing on employee job satisfaction among men and women and employees of different age groups. Results from an employee survey conducted annually by the organizational site indicated that employees had high stress levels, low employee satisfaction and morale, negative attitudes, and a lack of trust of leadership following employee downsizing at the company. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the effects of workplace downsizing on employee job satisfaction to determine any differences by gender or age group.

The study utilized a quantitative, descriptive, comparative methodology using …

Acceptability And Usability Of E-Books For Digital Immigrant Teachers In A Title I Elementary School, Allatesha Denise Cain

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to discover the factors that affect digital immigrant teachers’ acceptance and usability of e-books in a Title I elementary school. The term digital immigrant describes individuals born before the adoption of digital technology in 1980. The participant teachers will be interviewed to identify their perception of usefulness of the e-book to improve the reading skills of their students. Data from the interviews will be analyzed to identify the relationship between teachers’ perception of usefulness and ease of use of e-books and their intention to use e-books in a Title I elementary school.

This study …

Teacher Perspectives On Performance Pay In One Southeastern State, Wendy B. Firtell

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated teachers’ perceptions of a teacher performance-pay initiative. Despite implementing a performance pay initiative at the beginning of the 2015-16 school year, the target school district had not investigated teachers’ perceptions of the initiative. The researcher included a convenience sample of 54 teachers who worked at a Title 1 elementary school located in the southeastern United States.

This applied dissertation used a descriptive survey research design. The researcher found Pre-K, kindergarten, and Grade 1 teachers were slightly more supportive of performance pay initiatives than Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4, and Grade 5 teachers (TPPP difference of 0.17 …

Investigating The Improvement In Science Achievement Among Fifth Grade Science Students When Using The Instructional Design Model, Kisha J. Jarrett

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to determine if the Instructional Design Model will improve science achievement. The study addressed the problem of low science achievement among 93 Grade 5 students. The theoretical framework that was applied to this study was developed by Ralph Tyler in 1949. The researcher believed that Tyler’s four-process curriculum planning approach guided teachers to look differently at teaching and learning. This model assisted teachers in developing lessons that used the Instructional Design Model and produced objectives that reflect their classroom goals, impacted curriculum, and increased the understanding of science concepts. The school administered a multiple …

Grado De Satisfacción De Estudiantes Con El Uso De Simulaciones Clínicas Y Su Percepción Sobre El Aprendizaje Logrado En Una Universidad Al Norte De Puerto Rico, Mónica Cerejido Ruiz

Theses and Dissertations

Esta investigación fue diseñada para medir el grado de satisfacción de estudiantes con el uso de simulaciones clínicas en una universidad al norte de Puerto Rico. Esta universidad adquirió dos tipos de simulaciones para los programas que ofrece de Sonografía Médica y Tecnología Radiológica. Sin embargo, hasta el momento que se hizo la investigación, no se conocía la opinión de los estudiantes usuarios sobre la utilización de estas tecnologías de enseñanza. El marco teórico de esta investigación fue la Teoría del aprendizaje experiencial de Kolb (1984) y la teoría de la Difusión de Innovaciones de Rogers (1983). Se plantearon tres …

Doing The Math: Building A Foundation Of Joyful And Authentic Math Learning For All Students, 100kin10, Jeff Kennedy

Institute for School Partnership: Research & Publications

The report offers a fresh analysis of the issues surrounding foundational math - including a focus on the highest-leverage places for change - and spotlights models and immediate actions that offer clear strategies for equipping elementary teachers to enable authentic and joyful math learning for all students.

A strong grasp of math concepts at an early age is not only a foundational building block and a gateway to STEM learning, it’s also a major predictor of success later in school and in life. Teachers, proven to be the most important factor in a student’s in-school learning, are a critical lever …

Improving Student Achievement Through The Implementation Of A Classroom Performance System, Stacy Maria Artis

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was designed to implement and examine the impact of a classroom performance system (CPS) on student achievement for Grade 9 mathematics students. Seventy-five students in 4 Coordinate Algebra classes were observed during the regular school day for 9 weeks. The treatment group received CPS-based instruction, and the control group received traditional mathematics instruction without the use of a CPS. The teacher was the same for all classes.

Data from benchmark assessments as well as quarterly grade reports were compared for both groups. The findings of this study showed mixed results in relation to the impact of CPS-based …

Kindergarten Parent Engagement And Student Reading Literacy In Title I Schools: A Systematic Literature Review And Meta-Synthesis, Stacy L. M. Mcdonald

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to systematically review research on the relationship between parent engagement and student reading outcomes in Title I schools at Kindergarten level. The following research questions guided this study:

1. What is the relationship between parent engagement and student reading literacy outcomes in low socioeconomic students in kindergarten? Findings show that parent engagement brings parents together with the school staff working with one another to promote a child’s reading literacy. Parent engagement includes the parent as an active member who shares responsibility for a child’s achievement. A need for teacher professional development for teachers on building …

Implementing Edward De Bono’S Six Thinking Hats Intervention For Improving Reading Comprehension Skills For Students With Learning Disabilities (Sld), Annaliese Rosalie Hightower (Rollins)

Theses and Dissertations

This study proposed Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats as an intervention to enhance SLD students’ reading comprehension skills. The study described the Six Thinking Hats intervention as a method that used six diverse thought processes. A narrative review further discussed how the compilation of strategies is needed to help improve reading development skills for SLD students. Additionally, the study described several theoretical frameworks for the study: construction-integration model, event index model, and the metacognitive theory.

The study used a quantitative approach to answer the research questions that focused on comparing statistical differences between an experimental group and a control …

Implementing Technology Enhanced Mathematical Instruction In An Algebra I Course To Increase Students’ Academic Achievement In Mathematics, Carlos Marrero

Theses and Dissertations

In July 2015, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics established its position about the use of technology in teaching and learning mathematics. This important step forward opened a promise for many students and teachers that deserve the excellence of high-quality education in one of the most difficult educational subjects. In the 21st century, mathematics education can be one of the greatest recipients of all technological benefits reached by the most advanced societies of the earth.

The purpose of this applied dissertation was to measure the effects in mathematics academic achievement of implementing technology-enhanced mathematical instruction to a group of …

Past, Present, And Future Perspectives Of Environmental Dna (Edna) Metabarcoding: A Systematic Review In Methods, Monitoring, And Applications Of Global Edna, Krista M. Ruppert, Richard J. Kline, Md. Saydur Rahman

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a novel method of assessing biodiversity wherein samples are taken from the environment via water, sediment or air from which DNA is extracted, and then amplified using general or universal primers in polymerase chain reaction and sequenced using next-generation sequencing to generate thousands to millions of reads. From this data, species presence can be determined, and overall biodiversity assessed. It is an interdisciplinary method that brings together traditional fieldbased ecology with in-depth molecular methods and advanced computational tools. As an emerging monitoring method, there are many pitfalls and roadblocks to be considered and avoided, but …