Digital Commons Network^™

Nash Bargaining Solution And Its Generalizations In Intellectual Property Litigation: Virnetx And An Analysis Of The Court's Decision, Rajeev R. Bhattacharya

Journal of International Business and Law

I explain the Nash Bargaining Solution and its generalizations. I discuss their pros and cons in the context of intellectual property litigation. I then provide a description and analysis of the Court's decision in VirnetX from this perspective.

A Transformative Concept: From Data Being Passive Objects To Data Being Active Subjects, Hans-Peter Plag, Shelley-Ann Jules-Plag

OES Faculty Publications

The exploitation of potential societal benefits of Earth observations is hampered by users having to engage in often tedious processes to discover data and extract information and knowledge. A concept is introduced for a transition from the current perception of data as passive objects (DPO) to a new perception of data as active subjects (DAS). This transition would greatly increase data usage and exploitation, and support the extraction of knowledge from data products. Enabling the data subjects to actively reach out to potential users would revolutionize data dissemination and sharing and facilitate collaboration in user communities. The three core elements …

Growth Phase Proteomics Of The Heterotrophic Marine Bacterium Ruegeria Pomeroyi, Dasha Krayushkina, Emma Timmins-Schiffman, Jessica Faux, Damon H. May, Michael Riffle, H. Rodger Harvey, Brook L. Nunn

OES Faculty Publications

The heterotrophic marine bacterium, Ruegeria pomeroyi, was experimentally cultured under environmentally realistic carbon conditions and with a tracer-level addition of ¹³C-labeled leucine to track bacterial protein biosynthesis through growth phases. A combination of methods allowed observation of real-time bacterial protein production to understand metabolic priorities through the different growth phases. Over 2000 proteins were identified in each experimental culture from exponential and stationary growth phases. Within two hours of the ¹³C-labeled leucine addition, R. pomeroyi significantly assimilated the newly encountered substrate into new proteins. This dataset provides a fundamental baseline for understanding growth phase differences in molecular …

Temporal And Spatial Scales Of Correlation In Marine Phytoplankton Communities, A. M. Kuhn, S. Dutkiewicz, O. Jahn, Sophie Clayton, T. A. Rynearson, M. R. Mazloff, A. D. Barton

OES Faculty Publications

Ocean circulation shapes marine phytoplankton communities by setting environmental conditions and dispersing organisms. In addition, processes acting on the water column (e.g., heat fluxes and mixing) affect the community structure by modulating environmental variables that determine in situ growth and loss rates. Understanding the scales over which phytoplankton communities vary in time and space is key to elucidate the relative contributions of local processes and ocean circulation on phytoplankton distributions. Using a global ocean ecosystem model, we quantify temporal and spatial correlation scales for phytoplankton phenotypes with diverse functional traits and cell sizes. Through this analysis, we address these questions: …

Estimating The Reliability Function Of Kumaraswamy Distribution Data, Qutaiba N. Nayef Al-Qazaz, Ruqaya Raad Hussein

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The aim of this study is to estimate the parameters and reliability function for kumaraswamy distribution of this two positive parameter (a,b > 0), which is a continuous probability that has many characterstics with the beta distribution with extra advantages. The shape of the function for this distribution and the most important characterstics are explained and estimated the two parameter (a,b) and the reliability function for this distribution by using the maximum likelihood method (MLE) and Bayes methods. simulation experiments are conducts to explain the behaviour of the estimation methods for different sizes depending on the mean squared error criterion the …

Inequality And The Social Compact In Singapore: Macro Trends Versus Lived Realities, Nathan Peng

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This paper provides an overview of Singapore’s inequality since 2000. Upon examining empirical indicators reflecting different aspects of inequality, there seems to be a divergence between largely stable macro-level trends and “felt” inequality experienced by citizens. While the empirical record reflects fairly stable income, wealth, consumption and intergenerational inequality, other data show how educational performance and sense of belonging are continuously tied to socio-economic position. Juxtaposing these insights against a qualitative analysis of Singapore’s meritocracy, the social and political ferment on the issue of inequality in 2018—with heightened discourses among both elites and the public—makes sense against a backdrop of …

The Sound Of Adventure: Two Original Compositions That Combine Music, Sound Design, And Post-Production, Inspired By Outdoor Experiences, Jason K. Gibson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Composers have been inspired by nature for centuries, but writing music about nature is becoming more popular in our day. Now, under titles like “Landscape Music” and “Environmental Music,” many composers seek to embody the feeling of nature in music. What has yet to be fully developed is how electronic music and landscape music can overlap in the chamber music world. This project culminates in two original compositions, Natural Opposition (ca. six min), and Giants at Night (ca. 15 min), that seek to satisfy the requirements of both realms by combining naturally inspired music with electronic influences. The compositions themselves …

2d Electrical Resistivity And Hydrological Study Of A Solute Plume’S Migration Pathway Through Sandy Loam Within Nacogdoches County, Texas, Usa, Tyler Tandy, Wesley Brown, Kevin Stafford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

combined geophysical and hydrological study was conducted in a sandy loam near the campus of Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches, Texas. The study area contained three preinstalled piezometers which are located in the Sparta Sand of the Eocene Claiborne Group, a regressive tract of the Eocene sea. Electrical DC resistivity surveys were conducted across one fifty-six-meter-long traverse using AGI’s multi-electrode SuperSting R8 WIFI RES/IP/SP system, which allowed for rapid and reliable data collection. The resistivity line was surveyed using the dipole-dipole array configuration, which has been proven to produce high-quality horizontal resolution. Over the duration of fourteen days, …

Parton Distribution Functions From Loffe Time Pseudo-Distributions, Bálint Joó, Joseph Karpie, Kostas Orginos, Anatoly V. Radyushkin, David Richards, Savvas Zafeiropoulos

Physics Faculty Publications

In this paper, we present a detailed study of the unpolarized nucleon parton distribution function (PDF) employing the approach of parton pseudo-distribution functions. We perform a systematic analysis using three lattice ensembles at two volumes, with lattice spacings a = 0.127 fm and a = 0.094 fm, for a pion mass of roughly 400 MeV. With two lattice spacings and two volumes, both continuum limit and infinite volume extrapolation systematic errors of the PDF are considered. In addition to the x dependence of the PDF, we compute their first two moments and compare them with the pertinent phenomenological determinations.

Don’T Google It: The European Union’S Antitrust Parade (“Enforcement”) Against America’S Tech Giants, Mariah Witt

San Diego International Law Journal

This Article details several case studies, each exemplifying the EU’s pro- competition practices versus the American monopoly-like corporations of Google, Microsoft, and Amazon. The EU claims that each of these companies have abused their dominant position in their respective markets. Many companies (including those not listed in this comment) that have faced the EU’s antitrust wrath are merely the successful giants of their field, who should be enjoying their success, not sitting in fear of success’s implications in the global arena. This comment will conclude with a warning to future American corporations on the path to monopoly-like power and status …

Investigation Of Constant Volume And Constant Flux Initial Conditions On Bidensity Particle-Laden Slurries On An Incline, Dominic Diaz, Jessica Bojorque, Joshua Crasto, Margaret Koulikov, Tameez Lati, Aviva Prins, Andrew Shapiro, Clover Ye, David Arnold, Michael R. Lindstrom

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Particle-laden slurries are pervasive in both natural and industrial settings, whenever particles are suspended or transported in a fluid. Previous literature has investigated the case of a single species of negatively buoyant particles suspended in a viscous fluid. On an incline, three distinct regimes emerge depending on the particle concentration and inclination angle: settled (where particles settle and there is a pure fluid front), well-mixed (where particle concentration is constant throughout), and ridged (where a particle-rich ridge leads the flow). Recently, the same three regimes were also found for constant volume two species bidensity slurries. We extend the literature on …

Ssrgd: Simple Stochastic Recursive Gradient Descent For Escaping Saddle Points, Zhize Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We analyze stochastic gradient algorithms for optimizing nonconvex problems. In particular, our goal is to find local minima (second-order stationary points) instead of just finding first-order stationary points which may be some bad unstable saddle points. We show that a simple perturbed version of stochastic recursive gradient descent algorithm (called SSRGD) can find an $(\epsilon,\delta)$-second-order stationary point with $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{n}/\epsilon^2 + \sqrt{n}/\delta^4 + n/\delta^3)$ stochastic gradient complexity for nonconvex finite-sum problems. As a by-product, SSRGD finds an $\epsilon$-first-order stationary point with $O(n+\sqrt{n}/\epsilon^2)$ stochastic gradients. These results are almost optimal since Fang et al. [2018] provided a lower bound $\Omega(\sqrt{n}/\epsilon^2)$ for finding …

The Differences Between College Readiness And The Type Of Algebra 1 Course Taken By Male And Female Students Attending A Private School In Southwestern Virginia, Christina M. Perdue

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Algebra 1 is a foundational course for all higher mathematics. Research suggests taking rigorous math courses earlier in a student’s education increases college readiness which leads to a greater economic impact to the community. The purpose of this quantitative causal-comparative study was to determine if there is a difference between male and female students’ college readiness as measured by the mathematics test scores of the PSAT/NMSQT of students who have taken an Algebra 1 course, designated as either Honors or Non-Honors section, who attend a private high school. Having early indications of college readiness allows students more time to develop …

Superintendent Relations: Impact Of Leadership On Student Learning, Joetta S. Basile

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Since the implementation of No Child Left Behind school systems across America have been searching for the answer to increasing student achievement. Researchers have found many methods of increasing achievement through leadership behaviors, however others have found that superintendents have a very small impact on achievement and proficiency. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between superintendent leadership behaviors and student proficiency rates in school districts in rural West Virginia. This quantitative, correlational study specifically sought to discover how accurately school proficiency rates could be predicted from a linear combination of superintendent instructional leadership behaviors. Fifty-five school …

Measures For Comparing An Augmentative And Alternative Communication Application For Use Within A Kindergarten Curriculum, Anna Camille Johnson Mckelphin

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this study was to measure the influence of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) with symbol-supported communication applications (apps) on stimulating kindergarten students to increase expressive language in the general education setting in an elementary school located in Washington, DC. The study sample size was 31 students. The research aimed to identify these tools as an effective strategy to assist kindergarten students in using more verbal language, thereby lowering the risk of communication frustration and increasing the expression of learned knowledge. Language data usage was collected by viewing speech acts as operators in a planning system, then integrating …

Learning Strategies Of Secondary School Technology Education Teachers And Their Students, Michael Ray Craft

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The United States has long been known as a nation of innovators and doers, supported by an educational system based on these concepts; however, our school systems have had problems producing students prepared to retain the United States as a global leader. Technology Education is an exception. Technology Education provides the opportunity to apply knowledge, theory, and concepts to real-world applications through the use of activities that encourage innovation and creativity. This study used a quantitative causal comparative design to investigate the learning strategies of secondary school Technology Education teachers and their students, distribution of learning strategies in the Technology …

When Keystroke Meets Password: Attacks And Defenses, Ximing Liu

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Password is a prevalent means used for user authentication in pervasive computing environments since it is simple to be deployed and convenient to use. However, the use of password has intrinsic problems due to the involvement of keystroke. Keystroke behaviors may emit various side-channel information, including timing, acoustic, and visual information, which can be easily collected by an adversary and leveraged for the keystroke inference. On the other hand, those keystroke-related information can also be used to protect a user's credentials via two-factor authentication and biometrics authentication schemes. This dissertation focuses on investigating the PIN inference due to the side-channel …

Multimodal Mobile Sensing Systems For Physiological And Psychological Assessment, Nguyen Phan Sinh Huynh

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Sensing systems for monitoring physiological and psychological states have been studied extensively in both academic and industry research for different applications across various domains. However, most of the studies have been done in the lab environment with controlled and complicated sensor setup, which is only suitable for serious healthcare applications in which the obtrusiveness and immobility can be compromised in a trade-off for accurate clinical screening or diagnosing. The recent substantial development of mobile devices with embedded miniaturized sensors are now allowing new opportunities to adapt and develop such sensing systems in the mobile context. The ability to sense physiological …

Enhanced Gesture Sensing Using Battery-Less Wearable Motion Trackers, Huy Vu Tran

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Wearable devices are gaining in popularity, but are presently used primarily for productivity-related functions (such as calling people or discreetly receiving notifications) or for physiological sensing. However, wearable devices are still not widely used for a wider set of sensing-based applications, even though their potential is enormous. Wearable devices can enable a variety of novel applications. For example, wrist-worn and/or finger-worn devices could be viable controllers for real-time AR/VR games and applications, and can be used for real-time gestural tracking to support rehabilitative patient therapy or training of sports personnel. There are, however, a key set of impediments towards realizing …

Lattice Thermal Conductivity Of Quartz At High Pressure And Temperature From The Boltzmann Transport Equation, Xue Xiong, Eugene J. Ragasa, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Dawei Tang, Simon R. Phillpot

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The thermal conductivities along the basal and hexagonal directions of α-quartz silica, the low-temperature form of crystalline SiO₂, are predicted from the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation combined with the van Beest, Kramer, and van Santen potential for the temperature up to 900 K and the pressure as high as 4 GPa. The thermal conductivities at atmospheric pressure, which show a negative and nonlinear dependence on temperature, are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The influence of pressure on thermal conductivity is positive and linear. The pressure (P) and temperature (T) dependences of the thermal conductivity …

Local Orbital Degeneracy Lifting As A Precursor To An Orbital-Selective Peierls Transition, E. S. Bozin, W. G. Yin, R. J. Koch, M. Abeykoon, Yew San Hor, H. Zheng, H. C. Lei, C. Petrovic, J. F. Mitchell, S. J. L. Billinge

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fundamental electronic principles underlying all transition metal compounds are the symmetry and filling of the d-electron orbitals and the influence of this filling on structural configurations and responses. Here we use a sensitive local structural technique, x-ray atomic pair distribution function analysis, to reveal the presence of fluctuating local-structural distortions at high temperature in one such compound, CuIr₂S₄. We show that this hitherto overlooked fluctuating symmetry-lowering is electronic in origin and will modify the energy-level spectrum and electronic and magnetic properties. The explanation is a local, fluctuating, orbital-degeneracy-lifted state. The natural extension of our result would …

Search For Gravitational Waves From Scorpius X-1 In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run With An Improved Hidden Markov Model, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h₀^95% = …

The Conundrum Of Relaxation Volumes In First-Principles Calculations Of Charged Defects In Uo₂, Anuj Goyal, Kiran Mathew, Richard G. Hennig, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The defect relaxation volumes obtained from density-functional theory (DFT) calculations of charged vacancies and interstitials are much larger than their neutral counterparts, seemingly unphysically large. We focus on UO2 as our primary material of interest, but also consider Si and GaAs to reveal the generality of our results. In this work, we investigate the possible reasons for this and revisit the methods that address the calculation of charged defects in periodic DFT. We probe the dependence of the proposed energy corrections to charged defect formation energies on relaxation volumes and find that corrections such as potential alignment remain ambiguous with …

Detecting Financial Collapse And Ballooning Sovereign Risk, Peter C. B. Phillips, Sp Shi

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper proposes a new model for capturing discontinuities in the underlying financial environment that can lead to abrupt falls, but not necessarily sustained monotonic falls, in asset prices. This notion of price dynamics is consistent with existing understanding of market crashes, which allows for a mix of market responses that are not universally negative. The model may be interpreted as a martingale composed with a randomized drift process that is designed to capture various asymmetric drivers of market sentiment. In particular, the model is capable of generating realistic patterns of price meltdowns and bond yield inflations that constitute major …

Multi-Objective Optimal Capacity And Placement Of Distributed Generators In The Power System Networks Using Atom Search Optimization Method, Ashwaq Faisal Alkhatib

Theses

Nowadays, renewable energy sources become a significant source of energy in the new millennium. The continuous penetration of dispersed resources of the reactive power into power systems is predicted to introduce new challenges. Power loss mitigation and voltage profile development are the major investigation challenges

that recently attracted the attention of researchers in the field of power systems. Distributed generation (DG) is widely preferred because it is a highly effective solution that strengthens the performance of power system networks. This multiobjective function study aims to minimise power losses in the feeders, sustain voltage levels and reduce the application cost of …

Modelling And Fault Diagnosis Approach For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems Incorporating Ambient Conditions, Saad Saleem Khan

Dissertations

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), as a source of electrical power, provides numerous benefits such as zero carbon emission and high reliability as compared to wind and solar energy. PEMFC operates at very low temperature, high power density, and has very high durability as compared to other fuel cells. Being a non-linear power source with high sensitivity to ambient conditions variation, the prediction of PEMFC voltage and temperature is a complicated issue. The most common PEMFC models are classified as mechanistic models, semi-empirical models, and purely empirical methods. The mechanistic models are complex and require differential equations to predict …

A Case Study Of Stratospheric Ozone Transport To The Northern San Francisco Bay Area And Sacramento Valley During Cabots 2016, Jodie Clark, Sen Chiao

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The California Baseline Ozone Transport Study (CABOTS) was a major air quality study that collected ozone measurements aloft between mid-May and mid-August of 2016. Aircraft measurements, ground-based lidar measurements, and balloon-borne ozonesondes collected precise upper-air ozone measurements across the central and Southern California valley. Utilizing daily ozonesonde data from Bodega Bay, California, and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), reanalysis data for 25 July to 14 August 2016, three stratospheric intrusion events are identified over Northern California influencing air masses above Bodega Bay and Sacramento simultaneously. Calculated percent daily changes in afternoon ozonesonde observations indicate increasing …

Impacts Of Growing Technology On Students' Reading And Writing Skills, Jacquelyn Ogborn Corpuz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Technology has radically changed the ways in which students and teachers function within the classroom. The use of mobile technologies, specifically laptop computers and internet use, has transformed teacher instruction along with student expectations. Given that students have a high exposure to technology in the classroom, especially at the middle school level, this senior capstone examines the impact of growing technology on their reading and writing skills through the use of literature review, teacher interviews and survey, interviews with principals and superintendents, and online teacher survey. The result findings reveal that there are several positive impacts of technology integration on …

Bringing Music Back Into The Classroom And Its Benefits On Elementary School Students, Laura Alcaraz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

This project brings to light the lack of music education in elementary classrooms despite its benefits to students. There are numerous positive advantages for students learning to play an instrument or participating in a choir, for example. The education system strives to educate its students to the best of their abilities. However, this focus has pushed away music education to math, science, and language arts, and prepared students for standardized testing. This senior capstone research project examines the benefits of bringing back music into the classroom through the use of literature review and anonymous interviews with public and private school …

Successful Elementary Bilingual Education Programs In Tri-County Area, Katrina Herrera-Agosti

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

This senior capstone research project examines the many different bilingual elementary programs in the tri-county area where there is a large Latino and Hispanic population. Although the Latino and Hispanic population is one of the fastest growing populations, there are not many bilingual programs to serve them in the tri-county area. This senior capstone investigates the successful bilingual education programs in Santa Cruz, Monterey and Salinas through the use of literature review and surveys. The results reveal the multiple factors that make bilingual education programs successful.