Digital Commons Network^™

Examining The Implementation Of School Feeding Program In A Context Of Fee-Free Education Policy To Support Early Childhood Learning: A Case Of Two Primary Schools In Iringa Municipality, Tanzania, Hamis Pintson Nkota

Master of Education

This study examined the implementation of school feeding program in the context of fee-free education policy to support early childhood learning. Two public primary schools were examined in terms of policy framework, source of funding, institutional capacity, design and modality of implementation and involvement of community. The study employed a qualitative research approach and a case study design which focused on an in-depth exploration of the phenomenon. The study collected research data through the use of semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and semi-structured observation. Furthermore, the interview data were recorded by using a mobile phone and handwritten in a notebook. The …

Exploring The Challenges Faced By Teachers In The Teaching Of Mathematics In Large Classes: A Case Of A Secondary School In Kisumu County, Kisumu West Sub-County In Kenya, Benjamin Agalo Oyoo

Master of Education

It is unclear as to what specific number of learners in a particular classroom would qualify a class to be called a large class. The manner in which teachers handle classes that have few students may not be the same as how they would handle large classes. This implies that as the number of learners increase in a given class, the increase would in most cases come with challenges that may affect the quality of teaching and learning in such classrooms. Mathematics, being one of the most important subjects in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) category of subjects, needs …

Investigation Of Wellbeing Of Preschoolers In Shared School Environment, Hamza Shabani

Master of Education

Tanzania as a member of the international community is in the implementation of various conversion which advocates for the wellbeing of children at home and the school environment. This study investigated the wellbeing of preschoolers in a shared school environment at Kiomboi district Singida- Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative approach and case study designed in which interview, observation and document analysis were used as a tool of data collections. Two primary schools were involved in this study where respondents were two preschool teachers, one quality assurer and two heads of school were interviewed during data collection. Data revealed that …

How The Politics Of Teacher Unions Affect Teacher Benefits, Derrick Okumu Odhiambo

Master of Education

This study investigated how the politics of teacher unions affect teacher benefits. The study sought to investigate the political strategies that teacher unions employ in order to fight for the benefits of teachers and the teachers’ awareness of these union activities. The study was carried out among teachers in public primary and secondary schools in Western Kenya in a county pseudonymized as New County. The respondents included classroom teachers in primary and secondary schools, school heads and principals as well as a teacher union official. This study adopted Dewey’s Pragmatic paradigm where workable methods are used for problem solving. A …

From Cast-Out To Community: Identifying Barriers In Design That Keep Lgbtq+ Youth From Accessing Homeless Shelters, Leah Przybylski

Theses

There is a gap in homeless youth services in the United States. A vulnerable population, LGBTQ+ individuals comprise nearly 40% of all homeless youth and are particularly susceptible to repeated victimization, trauma, and violence from their community. Current shelters re-traumatize and fail to address the needs of this unique population triggering an extreme aversion to the institutional design aesthetic that many of these services inhabit. LGBTQ+ youth enter a cycle of homelessness and disengagement that perpetuates into adulthood as a result. Why do existing shelters fail to meet the needs of LBGTQ+ homeless youth?

Utilizing a series of diverse theories …

Prenatal Drug Exposure As Aggravated Circumstances, Frank E. Vandervort

Articles

In Michigan, "a child has a legal right to begin life with sound mind and body." Yet the family court may not assert Juvenile Code jurisdiction until after birth. In re Baby X addressed the question of whether a parent's prenatal conduct may form the basis for jurisdiction upon birth. It held that a mother's drug use during pregnancy is neglect, allowing the court to assert jurisdiction immediately upon the child's birth. In deciding Baby X, the Court specifically reserved the question of whether parental drug use during pregnancy might be sufficient to permanently deprive a parent of custody. …

Outcomes Of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation In Patients With Germline Samd9/Samd9l Mutations., Ibrahim A. Ahmed, Midhat S. Farooqi, Mark T. Vander Lugt, Jessica Boklan, Melissa Rose, Erika D. Friehling, Brandon Triplett, Kenneth Lieuw, Blachy Davila Saldana, Christine M. Smith, Jason R. Schwartz, Rakesh K. Goyal

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Germline mutations in SAMD9 and SAMD9L genes cause MIRAGE (myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy) (OMIM: *610456) and ataxia-pancytopenia (OMIM: *611170) syndromes, respectively, and are associated with chromosome 7 deletions, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and bone marrow failure. In this retrospective series, we report outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with hematologic disorders associated with SAMD9/SAMD9L mutations. Twelve patients underwent allogeneic HCT for MDS (n = 10), congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (n = 1), and dyskeratosis congenita (n = 1). Exome sequencing revealed heterozygous mutations in SAMD9 (n = 6) or SAMD9L (n = …

Pharmacometabolomics Of Respiratory Phenotypic Response To Dexamethasone In Preterm Infants At Risk For Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia., Tamorah R. Lewis Md Phd, Prabhakar Chalise, Cheri Gauldin, William E. Truog

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

A prospective cohort study was performed in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation at birth who were treated with dexamethasone for developing or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Respiratory phenotype (Respiratory Severity Score (RSS)), serum, and urine metabolomics were assessed before and after treatment. Ten infants provided nine matched serum and nine matched urine samples. There was a significant decrease in RSS with steroid treatment. Serum gluconic acid had the largest median fold change (140 times decreased, P = 0.008). In metabolite set enrichment analysis, in both serum and urine, the urea cycle, ammonia recycling, and malate-aspartate shuttle pathways were …

Technoference Strategies: Managing Family Screen Time, Brandon Mcdaniel, David G. Schramm

All Current Publications

This fact sheet provides steps and strategies to manage family screen time.

Hazardous Fuels Reduction Using Flame Cap Biochar Kilns, Darren Mcavoy, Megan Dettenmaier

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes a do-it-yourself technique for making small-batch biochar. The Utah Biomass Resources Group has demonstrated this method for reducing hazardous forest fuels, protects soils, and creates biochar using simple, low-cost materials.

Chitalpa Tashkentensis, Rick Heflebower

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes the Chitalpa tree, a small to medium shade tree that grows well n warmer climates of the Intermountain West, including extreme Southern Utah. It includes its origin, growing concerns, and advice for homeowners and plant industry workers.

Body Condition Scoring For Horses, Karl Hoopes, Eric Thacker, Linden Greenhalgh

All Current Publications

Horse enthusiasts are often concerned about their horse’s health, appearance and performance. A major key to accomplishing these three goals is to keep your horse at a desirable body condition, or degree of fat cover. However, being able to accurately evaluate a horse to tell if they are over or underweight has been a subjective practice for many years. As with all aspects of horse ownership, horse owners have different opinions on what is an ideal body weight for an individual horse. Also, because horses come in all shapes and sizes, many horse owners are not able to objectively evaluate …

Baby-Led Weaning: An Approach To Introducing Solid Foods To Infants, Lydia Bangerter, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos, Casey Coombs

All Current Publications

This fact discusses what baby-led weaning is and strategies to help parents feed their infant using this approach.

Fluoride: From Birth To Adolescence, Ben Clark, Lydia Bangerter, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos, Casey Coombs, Carrie Durward

All Current Publications

This fact sheet discusses the benefits of using fluoride, the most common concerns about fluoride intake in children, and recommendations from birth to adolescence.

Reduced Bias For Respondent Driven Sampling: Accounting For Non-Uniform Edge Sampling Probabilities In People Who Inject Drugs In Mauritius, Miles Q. Ott, Krista J. Gile, Matthew T. Harrison, Lisa G. Johnston, Joseph W. Hogan

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

People who inject drugs are an important population to study in order to reduce transmission of blood-borne illnesses including HIV and Hepatitis. In this paper we estimate the HIV and Hepatitis C prevalence among people who inject drugs, as well as the proportion of people who inject drugs who are female in Mauritius. Respondent driven sampling (RDS), a widely adopted link-tracing sampling design used to collect samples from hard-to-reach human populations, was used to collect this sample. The random walk approximation underlying many common RDS estimators assumes that each social relation (edge) in the underlying social network has an equal …

General Education Learning Outcomes And Demographic Correlates In University Students In Hong Kong, Lu Yu, Daniel T. L. Shek, Xiaoqin Zhu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Although there are studies showing that higher education would benefit university students, empirical research that comprehensively assesses student general education learning outcomes and related demographic correlates based on longitudinal data is minimal, especially in the Chinese context. To address the research gaps, the present study was conducted to investigate learning outcomes amongst university students in one university in Hong Kong based on a four-year longitudinal design (N = 460). Four dimensions of student general education learning outcomes were measured, including effective reasoning and problem solving, leadership, moral character, and integration of learning. Results suggested a U-shaped pattern of student …

Post-Acquisition Processing Confounds In Brain Volumetric Quantification Of White Matter Hyperintensities, Ahmed A. Bahrani, Omar M. Al-Janabi, Erin L. Abner, Shoshana H. Bardach, Richard J. Kryscio, Donna M. Wilcock, Charles D. Smith, Gregory A. Jicha

Neurology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Disparate research sites using identical or near-identical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition techniques often produce results that demonstrate significant variability regarding volumetric quantification of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in the aging population. The sources of such variability have not previously been fully explored.

NEW METHOD: 3D FLAIR sequences from a group of randomly selected aged subjects were analyzed to identify sources-of-variability in post-acquisition processing that can be problematic when comparing WMH volumetric data across disparate sites. The methods developed focused on standardizing post-acquisition protocol processing methods to develop a protocol with less than 0.5% inter-rater variance.

RESULTS: A series …

Scoring Morphology In Measures Of Spelling And Written Morphological Awareness: A Scoping Review, Victor A. Lugo, Kimberly A. Murphy, Emily Diehm

Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

How Oxygen Availability Affects The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Host Defense Peptides: Lessons Learned From Studying The Copper-Binding Peptides Piscidins 1 And 3, Adenrele Oludiran, David S. Courson, Malia D. Stuart, Anwar R. Radwan, John C. Putsma, Myriam L. Cotten, Erin B. Purcell

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The development of new therapeutic options against Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a critical public health concern, as the causative bacterium is highly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial host-defense peptides (HDPs) are highly effective at simultaneously modulating the immune system function and directly killing bacteria through membrane disruption and oxidative damage. The copper-binding HDPs piscidin 1 and piscidin 3 have previously shown potent antimicrobial activity against a number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species but have never been investigated in an anaerobic environment. Synergy between piscidins and metal ions increases bacterial killing aerobically. Here, we …

Effect Of Processing On Microbiota Accessible Carbohydrates In Whole Grains, Caroline Smith

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

There is potential to increase microbiota accessible carbohydrates (MAC) in whole grains through food processing. Therefore, different processing conditions for boiling and extrusion of whole wheat flour were studied for their effect on MAC. Processing conditions had a minimal effect on fermentation response using 2 fecal samples of disparate composition. However, the processing method had an impact on the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates and subsequent short chain fatty acids production, but only for a microbiome with high diversity and a predominance of microbes associated with dietary fiber intake. Subsequently, five processing methods: boiling, extrusion, unleavened bread, yeast bread, and sourdough …

Lingnan Gardeners Bimonthly Newsletter (No. 46) = 嶺南彩園通訊 (第46期), Lingnan Gardeners, Kwan Fong Cultural Research And Development Programme, Lingnan University

Lingnan Gardeners Newsletter 嶺南彩園通訊

Water spinach 空心菜

Cultural Proficiency: The Missing Link To Student Learning, Corinne Brion

Educational Leadership Faculty Publications

This case illustrates why school leaders must be culturally proficient to serve all students and lead effectively. I discuss one case in Ohio that is representative of many other American schools. In particular, I examine the cultural challenges educational leaders must commonly face. This case encourages administrators to participate in meaningful conversations with stakeholders to solve complex issues. The hope is to better understand how school leaders in diverse contexts can lead and embrace different cultures, beliefs, and norms. I also pose questions designed to prepare educational leaders for similar situations where they must address issues of culture.

Qualitative Approach To Comparative Exposure In Alternatives Assessment, William Greggs, Thomas Burns, Peter Egeghy, Michelle R. Embry, Peter Fantke, Bonnie Gaborek, Lauren Heine, Olivier Jolliet, Carolyn Lee, Derek Muir, Kathy Plotzke, Joseph Rinkevich, Neha Sunger, Jennifer Y. Tanir, Margaret Whittaker

Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Most alternatives assessments (AAs) published to date are largely hazard-based rankings, thereby ignoring potential differences in human and/or ecosystem exposures; as such, they may not represent a fully informed consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of possible alternatives. Building on the 2014 US National Academy of Sciences recommendations to improve AA decisions by including comparative exposure assessment into AAs, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's (HESI) Sustainable Chemical Alternatives Technical Committee, which comprises scientists from academia, industry, government, and nonprofit organizations, developed a qualitative comparative exposure approach. Conducting such a comparison can screen for alternatives that are expected to have …

Rural Health Clinic Costs And Medicare Reimbursement, John A. Gale Ms, Zachariah T. Croll Mph, Andrew F. Coburn Phd

Rural Health Clinics

The Rural Health Clinic (RHC) Program is one of the nation’s oldest rural primary care programs. A key feature of the RHC Program is Medicare and Medicaid volume-appropriate, cost-based reimbursement, which is designed to sustain these vulnerable rural primary care providers. Medicare currently pays RHCs for the lesser of reasonable costs (expressed as an adjusted cost per visit) for a defined package of RHC services or a per-visit reimbursement cap, from which provider-based RHCs owned by hospitals with fewer than 50 beds are exempt. Although the per-visit cap is updated periodically, RHC administrators, policymakers, and stakeholders question whether the updates …

Paradise Or Purgatory? Religion And The Ethical Librarian, Pamela Hayes-Bohanan

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Opioids, Acute Pain Management, Athletes, And Policy, James E. Leone, Suanne Maurer-Starks, Kimberly A. Wise, Daniel A. Muse

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Misdemeanors For All Purposes? Interpreting Proposition 47’S Ameliorative Scope In A New Era Of Criminal Justice Reform, Kayla Burchuk

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

In 2014, Proposition 47 reclassified seven low-level felonies to misdemeanors, demonstrating voters’ striking rejection of California’s historically punitive sentencing policies. This Note examines the recent wave of California Supreme Court jurisprudence interpreting Proposition 47 by exploring the court’s varied readings of the initiative’s ballot materials and statutory text. While the court has liberally construed relief for affected property crimes, it has responded ambivalently in more controversial areas such as drug offenses, mandatory parole periods, and automatic resentencing. This variation reveals ideological tensions between the goal of expanding ameliorative benefits to low-level offenders and anxiety regarding public safety. This Note analyzes …

The Future Of Bail In California: Analyzing Sb 10 Through The Prism Of Past Reforms, Adam Peterson

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

The cash bail system is the cause of numerous injustices. It favors the rich over the poor, it packs jails to the breaking point, and it forces those who have yet to be found guilty to sit in jail—often for weeks or months at a time. In 2018, the California legislature passed SB 10. The bill purported to abolish cash bail wholesale and replace it with a risk assessment program. While SB 10 is a step in the right direction, it faces many obstacles before it accomplishes its goal. This Note examines the bill in light of past attempts at …

2019 Tax Conference Speakers

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

Vocational And Life Skills Monthly Data Update: November 2019, Uno Nebraska Center For Justice Research, Katelynn Towne, Michael Campagna

Reports

their Vocational and Life Skills programming. This data is due monthly and reflects all services provided during the previous month to participants. Evaluators at the Nebraska Center for Justice Research work with grantees directly to manage data entry errors on an ongoing basis during update calls and site visits.

The current data derives from an active database, from which data is being entered and updated daily. Data values, including previously submitted information, may fluctuate depending on the duration of lag between service delivery and data entry. One common example of this is when participants begin programming near the end of …