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Taxonomy, Bioactivities, And Secondary Metabolites Of Endophytic Actinomycetes Isolated From Medicinal Plants, Nattaporn Klykleung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fifty endophytic actinomycetes isolated from six medicinal plants in Thailand were identified as Micromonospora (34 strains), Streptomyces (8 strains), Microbispora (3 strains), Nonomuraea (2 strains), Plantactinospora (2 strains), and Amycolatopsis (1 strain) based on phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fifteen strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Strain CR1-09T, proposed as Microbispora cathalanthi sp. nov. was active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341. Streptomyces sp. 3MP-10 and 3MP-14, novel species were active against S. aureus ATCC 6538, K. rhizophila ATCC 9341, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Strains CR1-09T and PA1-07 showed cytotoxicity against HepG2 …

Dna Barcoding Coupled With High Resolution Melting (Bar-Hrm) Analysis For Differentiation White Kwao Khruea (Pueraria Candollei), Black Kwao Khruea (Mucuna Macrocarpa), And Red Kwao Khruea (Butea Superba), Nonthapon Vejpanich

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Kwao Khruea is the herbal product that known as a rejuvenation herb. In Thai traditional medicine, three species of Kwao Khruea including white Kwao Khruea (Pueraria candollei Wall. ex Benth.), black Kwao Khruea (Mucuna macrocarpa Wall.) and red Kwao Khruea (Butea superba Roxb. ex Willd.) have been used. Each Kwao Khruea accumulates different chemical constituents. White Kwao Khruea contains estrogenic biological activities while black and red Kwao Khruea accumulate testosterone-like activities. Black Kwao Khruea was reported to be potent than red Kwao Khruea. Because of similar common names with the difference in chemical compositions of Kwao Khruea herbs, it is …

Development Of Cyclodextrin-Based Pickering Nanoemulsion Containing Amphotericin B For Treatment Of Fungal Keratitis, Phyo Darli Maw

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to develop pickering nanoemulsions (NEs) containing amphotericin B (AmB) for fungal keratitis therapy. The phase-solubility profiles of AmB in various aqueous cyclodextrin (CD) solutions were determined. The AmB solubilization in oils and surfactants was also examined. Two CDs i.e., gCD and 2-hydroxypropyl-g-CD (HPgCD), medium-chain triglycerides (MCT oil) and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) were chosen because of their high solubility increment of AmB. Solution-state by 1H-NMR studies demonstrated the formation of MCT oil/αCD, AmB/gCD and AmB/HPgCD complexes. Some interactions between AmB and CD have been observed by solid-state characterizations (FT-IR, PXRD and DSC). The interfacial tension at …

Expression Of Human Dentin Matrix Protein 1 In Escherichia Coli And Nicotiana Benthamiana And Their Effect On Proliferation And Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to express recombinant protein human Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (hDMP1) in Escherichia coli and Nicotiana benthamiana and investigated the osteogenic differentiation effects in human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (hPDLSCs). The gene encoding hDMP1 was ligated into the pET22b and pBY2R2e expression vectors. Recombinant hDMP1 protein has been productively expressed in E. coli and N. benthamiana. E. coli-produced hDMP1 resulted in 60 kDa and 100, and the optimal condition to produce highly expression was demonstrated at 0.5 mM IPTG and incubation at 37oC for 6 hr. N. benthamiana-produced hDMP1 protein showed in a 100 kDa that indicated the …

Factors Of Age, Anthropometric Characteristics And Lower Extremity Strength On Multi-Directional Reach Test In Typical Children Aged 7 - 12 Years, Benjaporn Hirunyaphinun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of age, anthropometric characteristics and lower extremity strength with the Multi-Directional React Test (MDRT). Sixty children with typical development, aged 7 to 12 years old, were categorized into each age group. Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were conducted to examine the relationship between interesting variables (age, anthropometric characteristics and lower extremity strength) and the reach distances in forward, backward, leftward and rightward directions. The results of this study showed that multi-directional reach distances increased with age for all directions. Fair to moderate relationship (r = 0.28 – …

Responsiveness Of The Thai Version Of The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 (Promis-29) In Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain, Kornkanok Khutok

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 (PROMIS-29) questionnaire assesses 7 health related quality of life domains. However, research to evaluate the responsiveness and minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) of the PROMIS-29 scores in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) is limited. Purpose: To evaluate responsiveness and estimate the MCIDs for PROMIS-29 scales in patients with cLBP. Method: One hundred and eighty-three participants with cLBP took part in the study. They completed the PROMIS-29 scales at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks of the study. Responsiveness of the PROMIS-29 scale scores was evaluated by examining the mean change scores, …

Curling Probe Measurement In Plasma, Chatchai Sirithipvanich

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The curling probe is one of the active resonance absorption spectroscopic methods, the methods utilized the probe reflection coefficient spectrum to determine the plasma density. The proposed model of the curling probe uses the deviation of the most matched frequency, the frequency in which the minimum reflection coefficient occurs, when the probe is submerged in different mediums. The probe structure is simple and claimed to be robust and efficient. The experiments of a curling probe were performed and the simulations for the probe reflection coefficient for both previously reported probe and the constructed probe configuration have been conducted. The previously …

Effects Of Magnesium Substitution On Electronic Properties Of Calcium Difluoride, Natthasart Chintananon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

We use density functional theory to find the phase transitions of CaF2. The results show that CaF2 adopts the fluorite structure, with the space group Fm-3m, in the range 0f 0-8 GPa and transforms into the cotunnite structure, with the space group Pnma, above 8 GPa. The electronic band structure of the Pnma-CaF2 structure expresses an insulating phase, and the bandgap collapses under pressure above 70 GPa. In this work, we proposed a new decoration of Ca/Mg-substituted fluorides MgxCa1-xF2, using the cluster expansion technique which is commonly used to study alloys. We found that the Mg0.25Ca0.75F2, with a Pm structure, …

Effects Of Non-Albicans Candida Species On Biofilm Formation And Acidogenicity Of Dual-Species Biofilms And On Cariogenic Virulence Gene Expression Of Streptococcus Mutans, Wirunphat Sansanoa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Early childhood caries is a common oral disease found in children which could affect their general health. Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic pathogen since it possesses cariogenic properties, which are acid production, acid tolerance and biofilm formation. Recent studies showed that Candida albicans, which is frequently found together with S. mutans in plaques of children with dental caries, enhances cariogenicity. At the same time, increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida species (NACs) in children and immune-compromised patients has been reported. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of NACs when co-cultured with S. mutans on cariogenic properties and virulence …

การพัฒนารูปแบบกระบวนการแปลงสภาพองค์การสู่ตําแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย, พิธากรณ์ ธนิตเบญจสิทธิ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อวิเคราะห์ปัจจัยการเปลี่ยนแปลงและผลกระทบที่มีต่อมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทยในอนาคต ประเมินศักยภาพความพร้อมของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทยสู่ตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ และนำเสนอรูปแบบกระบวนการแปลงสภาพองค์การสู่ตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย ประชากรและกลุ่มตัวอย่างในการวิจัยนี้แบ่งออกได้ 5 กลุ่ม รวมจำนวน 33 คน ใช้วิธีการเลือกแบบเจาะจง ได้แก่ 1) กลุ่มผู้ที่ให้ข้อมูลปัจจัยการเปลี่ยนแปลงและผลกระทบที่มีต่อมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย ได้แก่ ผู้บริหารด้านนโยบายการอุดมศึกษา ผู้แทนคณะกรรมการองค์กรเครือข่ายการบริหารมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย อธิการบดีหรือผู้บริหารระดับสูงของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย และผู้แทนองค์กรภาคธุรกิจ จำนวน 10 คน 2) กลุ่มผู้ที่ให้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับจุดเน้นและการประเมินตนเอง ได้แก่ ผู้ประเมินการประกันคุณภาพระดับสถาบันตามเกณฑ์เครือข่ายการประกันคุณภาพมหาวิทยาลัยอาเซียน เกณฑ์คุณภาพการศึกษาเพื่อการดำเนินการที่เป็นเลิศ เกณฑ์สำนักงานรับรองมาตรฐานและประเมินคุณภาพการศึกษา (องค์การมหาชน) และเกณฑ์สำนักงานคณะกรรมการการอุดมศึกษา จำนวน 8 คน 3) กลุ่มผู้ที่ให้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการผลิตบัณฑิตตามจุดเน้นที่เป็นตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ ได้แก่ ผู้แทนองค์กรภาคธุรกิจ ภาครัฐ และ รัฐวิสาหกิจ จำนวน 6 คน 4) กลุ่มผู้บริหารมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทยที่ทดลองใช้เครื่องมือที่ผู้วิจัยได้พัฒนาขึ้น จำนวน 1 สถาบัน และ 5) กลุ่มผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิและผู้บริหารสถาบันอุดมศึกษาเอกชน จำนวน 7 คน ในการจัดทำการสนทนากลุ่ม สำหรับเครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล ได้แก่ แบบวิเคราะห์สาระ แบบสัมภาษณ์ แบบตรวจสอบและประเมิน ซึ่งเครื่องมือวิจัยทุกชุดได้รับการตรวจสอบจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า มหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทยจำเป็นต้องปรับตัวโดยการแปลงสภาพองค์การไปสู่จุดเน้นหรือตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยต้องประเมินศักยภาพความพร้อมของสถาบันใน 2 ด้าน คือ บริบทและองค์ประกอบ ซึ่งจะทำทราบถึงระดับศักยภาพและความพร้อมในด้านต่าง ๆ การศึกษาพัฒนารูปแบบกระบวนการแปลงสภาพองค์การสู่ตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทย ประกอบไปด้วย 4 ขั้นตอน ได้แก่ 1) การประเมินเพื่อการแปลงสภาพองค์การ 2) การวางแผนการแปลงสภาพองค์การ 3) การนำโปรแกรมการแปลงสภาพองค์การไปสู่การปฏิบัติ และ 4) การตรวจสอบ ติดตามการแปลงสภาพองค์การ ประกอบการใช้กลยุทธ์การดำเนินงาน (PRIME) เพื่อยกระดับและพัฒนาศักยภาพความพร้อมในมิติต่าง ๆ สู่ตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ ทั้งที่เป็นมิติความพร้อมเชิงบริบทของมหาวิทยาลัยและมิติความพร้อมเชิงองค์ประกอบให้บรรลุผลตามเป้าหมายร่วมกัน โดยรูปแบบกระบวนการแปลงสภาพองค์การสู่ตำแหน่งทางยุทธศาสตร์ของมหาวิทยาลัยเอกชนไทยตามผลการศึกษานี้สามารถเรียกชื่อว่า “4 Trans-Process Model”

Prediction Of Lncrna-Protein Interactions Based On Deep Learning Model, Natsuda Navamajiti

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

One main function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is to act as a scaffold facilitating multiple proteins to form complexes. Most of available prediction models for protein-RNA interactions, however, were proposed as a binary classifier, which limited on predicting the interaction between the non-coding RNAs and each individual RNA-binding protein (RBP). Hence, to predict if a lncRNA is acting as a scaffold, we consider this problem as a multiclass multilabel classification problem. To solve this problem, the high confident CLIP-seq data were selected from the POSTAR2 database with an augmentation of the data for the RBP classes with a small …

Elastic Half-Plane Under Surface Excitations With Consideration Of Couple Stress And Surface Stress Effects, Toan Minh Le

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis presents the modeling and analysis of an elastic half-plane under the surface loading and the frictionless contact of a rigid indentor by taking the influence of both surface and couple stresses into account. The corresponding boundary value problem is formulated by adopting the surface elasticity and couple stress theories. The method of Fourier integral transform is employed together with the boundary conditions on the top surface to derive the complete elastic field of the half-plane subjected to arbitrary surface loadings. The proposed solution scheme is also applied to construct a set of fundamental solutions associated with a normal …

The Role Of Angular Momentum In The Interplay Between Disk Galaxies And Their Host Dark Matter Halos: Corollaries For The Hubble Fork Diagram, Angela Collier

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

A majority of disk galaxies host stellar bars that regulate and amplify the flow of angular momentum, J, between disks and their parent dark matter (DM) halos. These bars constitute the prime factor driving internal galaxy evolution. Yet, a non-negligible fraction of disks lack this morphological feature, which led to adoption of the Hubble Fork Diagram. The complex evolution of barred galaxies has been studied by means of numerical simulations, complemented by observations. Despite prolonged efforts, many fundamental questions remain, in part because cosmological simulations still lack the necessary resolution to account for resonant interactions and simulations of isolated …

Electronic Properties Of Atomically Thin Material Heterostructures, M. Javad Farrokhi

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

There is a movement in the electronic industry toward building electronic devices with dimensions smaller than is currently possible. Atomically thin 2D material, such as graphene, bilayer graphene, hBN and MoS2 are great candidate for this goal and they have a potential set of novel electronic properties compare to their bulk counterparts due to the exhibition of quantum confinement effects. To this goal, we have investigated the electric field screening of multilayer 2D materials due to the presence of impurity charge in the interface and vertical electric fifield from back gate. Our result shows a dramatic difference of screening behavior …

Magnetic Field Monitoring In The Sns Neutron Edm Experiment, Alina Aleksandrova

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

It is a well known fact that the visible universe is made almost entirely of baryonic matter. Yet, this is also one of the greatest puzzles that physicists are trying to solve: Where did all of this matter come from in the first place? The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics predicts a baryon asymmetry that is much smaller than what is observed in nature. In order to try and explain this discrepancy, Sakharov (1967) postulated three necessary conditions for baryogenesis in the early universe. One of these is the requirement that charge conjugation (C) and the product of C …

Knob-Socket Investigation Of Stability And Specificity In Alpha-Helical Secondary And Quaternary Packing Structure, Taylor Renee Rabara

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The novel knob-socket (KS) model provides a construct to interpret and analyze the direct contributions of amino acid residues to the stability in α-helical protein structures. Based on residue preferences derived from a set of protein structures, the KS construct characterizes intra- and inter-helical packing into regular patterns of simple motifs. The KS model was used in the de novo design of an α-helical homodimer, KSα1.1. Using site-directed mutagenesis, KSα1.1 point mutants were designed to selectively increase and decrease stability by relating KS propensities with changes to α-helical structure. This study suggests that the sockets from the KS Model can …

Required, Permissible, And Impermissible Forms Of Federal Judicial Assistance To Self-Represented Litigants: Toward Establishment Of A Judicial Duty Of Reasonable Assistance, Jona Goldschmidt

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article examines the evolving role of judicial assistance to self-represented litigants (SRLs) in federal courts, arguing that while the Supreme Court has maintained a strict no-assistance policy, lower courts have increasingly recognized the need for accommodations to ensure fair trials. The author advocates for a more consistent and expansive approach to judicial assistance, aligning with due process and the constitutional right to self-representation, while emphasizing the importance of maintaining judicial impartiality.

Msg-Fast: Metagenomic Shotgun Data Fast Annotation Using Microbial Gene Catalogs, Stuart M. Brown, Hao Chen, Yuhan Hao, Bobby P. Laungani, Thahmina A. Ali, Changsu Dong, Carlos Lijeron, Baekdoo Kim, Claudia Wultsch, Zhiheng Pei, Konstantinos Krampis

Publications and Research

Background: Current methods used for annotating metagenomics shotgun sequencing (MGS) data rely on a computationally intensive and low-stringency approach of mapping each read to a generic database of proteins or reference microbial genomes.

Results: We developed MGS-Fast, an analysis approach for shotgun whole-genome metagenomic data utilizing Bowtie2 DNA-DNA alignment of reads that is an alternative to using the integrated catalog of reference genes database of well-annotated genes compiled from human microbiome data. This method is rapid and provides high-stringency matches (>90% DNA sequence identity) of the metagenomics reads to genes with annotated functions. We demonstrate the use of this …

The Impact Of Mandatory Iodine Fortification And Supplementation On Pregnant And Lactating Women In Australia, Stephen Hurley, Creswell J. Eastman, Gisselle Gallego

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background and Objectives: In Australia, two public health measures were introduced between 2009 and 2010 to reduce iodine deficiency. However there has been a shortage of information regarding their effectiveness and the ongoing prevalence of iodine deficiency in Australia. The primary aim of this study was to assess the extent to which these public health measures have reduced rates of iodine deficiency among pregnant and lactating women.

Methods and Study Design: A review was conducted to identify all studies published since January 2010 that quantitatively measured the iodine status of pregnant and/or lactating women in Australia.

Results: We found 25 …

The Art Of Clinical Supervision: Strategies To Assist With The Delivery Of Student Feedback, Kylie P. Russell

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: The Art of Clinical Supervision (ACS) seminar was developed to provide health professionals with the essential knowledge, skill and attitude to support student clinical learning. This paper provides an outline of the strategies provided to participants to support the delivery of feedback to students on clinical placement.

Setting: Western Australian health services

Primary argument: The provision of timely and descriptive feedback to students on clinical placement is essential for learning and achievement of competence. Health professionals working with students in the delivery of patient care, termed clinical supervisors, require effective strategies to support this communication technique.

Conclusion: ACS participant …

Bioethics In The News: The Values At Stake. Why Are Conservative Values So Difficult To Communicate In The Public Square And Progressive Values So Easy?, Margaret Somerville

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Bioethical issues are complex, often involve factual uncertainty, and have broad and long-term potential consequences for individuals, institutions and society. Simplification is a strategy used by so-called ‘progressive’ values advocates to promote acceptance of their values. It results from excluding consideration of complexity, uncertainty and potentiality in the values disputes around bio-ethical issues. In order to engage effectively in public debates of bioethics issues, it is necessary to understand the current societal values zeitgeist and how it differs from a traditional societal values zeitgeist. Since words are weapons in the values battles, it is necessary to identify how they are …

The Role Of Trauma And Partner Support In Perinatal Depression And Parenting Stress: An Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study, Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Phillip Boyce, Andrew J. Lewis

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Improving our understanding of the relationship between maternal depression and parenting stress is likely to lie in the range of additional factors that are associated with vulnerability to depression and also to parenting stress.

Objectives: To examine the role of trauma and partner support, in understanding the relationship between perinatal depression and parenting stress.

Methods: This study utilises data from 246 women in a pregnancy cohort study that followed women from early pregnancy until their infant was 12 months. Included were both women with a diagnosis of depression and those without depression. The measures included Structured Clinical Interview for …

An Education Intervention To Improve Decision Making And Health Literacy Among Older Australians: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Caroline A. Smith, Esther Chang, Gisselle Gallego, Afshan Khan, Mike Armour, Lynda G. Balneaves

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: National policies seek to involve older Australian’s in decisions regarding their care; however, research has found varying levels of decision self-efficacy and health literacy skills. An increasing number of older Australians use complementary medicine (CM). We examined the effectiveness of a CM educational intervention delivered using a web or DVD plus booklet format to increase older adults’ decision self-efficacy and health literacy.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted. We recruited individuals aged over 65years living in retirement villages or participating in community groups, in Sydney Australia. Participants were randomly allocated to receive a CM education intervention delivered using …

Midterm Outcomes Of Arthroscopic Reduction And Internal Fixation Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Eminence Avulsion Fractures With K-Wire Fixation, Murilo Leie, Emma Heath, Sarah Shumborski, Lucy Salmon, Justin Roe, Leo Pinczewski

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: To determine the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of a tibial eminence avulsion fracture with Kirshner wires (K-wires) at a mean of 8 years following surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective study with prospectively collected data. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients who underwent arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of tibial eminence fracture with K-wires between 1989 and 2015 at a minimum of 18 months follow-up. Assessment included the International Knee Documentation Committee Ligament Evaluation, Lysholm Knee Score, and clinical outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to evaluate the anterior cruciate …

Setting Clinical Performance Specifications To Develop And Evaluate Biomarkers For Clinical Use, Sarah J. Lord, Andrew St John, Patrick M.M. Bossuyt, Sverre Sandberg, Phillip J. Monaghan, Maurice O'Kane, Christa M. Cobbaert, Ralf Roddiger, Lieselotte Lennartz, Cecilia Gelfi, Andrea R. Horvath, Test Evaluation Working Group Of The European Federation Of Clinical Chemistry And Laboratory Medicine

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Biomarker discovery studies often claim ‘promising’ findings, motivating further studies and marketing as medical tests. Unfortunately, the patient benefits promised are often inadequately explained to guide further evaluation, and few biomarkers have translated to improved patient care. We present a practical guide for setting minimum clinical performance specifications to strengthen clinical performance study design and interpretation.

Methods: We developed a step-by-step approach using test evaluation and decision-analytic frameworks and present with illustrative examples.

Results: We define clinical performance specifications as a set of criteria that quantify the clinical performance a new test must attain to allow better health outcomes …

Reviewing The Preclinical Curriculum In A Problem Based Learning Driven Medical Program: Challenges And Strategies, Manori Amarasekera, Paul S. Noakes, Brian D. Power

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

In order for medical curricula to remain progressive and contemporary, continuous review is critical to ensure that the learners are directed to achieve the intended goals and become workforce ready. We developed a framework for continuous curriculum review at the School of Medicine Fremantle (The University of Notre Dame Australia), taking the key aspects of a curriculum review process into consideration. In planning and implementing the review process we identified several challenges, including management of metadata, work load on staff members, and evaluation. These challenges were addressed successfully by applying necessary strategies using limited resources. The framework we have developed …

Where's My What? A Survey Of Anatomical Knowledge In A Community In Western Melbourne, Morgan Jones, Catherine Krejany, Moyez Jiwa

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Background and Aims: This study aimed to explore if members of the public could identify the location of major body organs as well as pain associated with major organ pathologies.

Method: A survey of 100 participants was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Participants were invited to mark the location of two internal organs and the site of pain for two pathologies on a manikin. Five anatomical questions and four clinical scenario questions were randomised prior to data collection. Photographs of participant responses were compared to responses of a doctor, and if a site within the same area was identified the participant …

Genetic Influence On Scar Height And Pliability After Burn Injury In Individuals Of European Ancestry: A Prospective Cohort Study, Hilary J. Wallace, Gemma Cadby, Phillip E. Melton, Fiona M. Wood, Sian Falder, Margaret M. Crowe, Lisa J. Martin, Karen Marlow, Sarah V. Ward, Mark W. Fear

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

After similar extent of injury there is considerable variability in scarring between individuals, in part due to genetic factors. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with scar height and pliability after burn injury. An exome-wide array association study and gene pathway analysis were performed on a prospective cohort of 665 patients treated for burn injury. Outcomes were scar height (SH) and scar pliability (SP) sub-scores of the modified Vancouver Scar Scale (mVSS). DNA was genotyped using the Infinium^® HumanCoreExome-24 BeadChip. Associations between genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and SH and SP were estimated using an additive genetic …

Reducing Stroke Risk In Atrial Fibrillation: Adherence To Guidelines Has Improved, But Patient Persistence With Anticoagulant Therapy Remains Suboptimal., Nicole Lowres, Katrina Giskes, Charlotte Hespe, Ben Freedman

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant risk factor for avoidable stroke. Among high-risk patients with AF, stroke risk can be mitigated using oral anticoagulants (OACs), however reduction is largely contingent on physician prescription and patient persistence with OAC therapy. Over the past decade significant advances have occurred, with revisions to clinical practice guidelines relating to management of stroke risk in AF in several countries, and the introduction of non-vitamin K antagonist OACs (NOACs). This paper summarises the evolving body of research examining guideline-based clinician prescription over the past decade, and patient-level factors associated with OAC persistence. The review shows clinicians' …

Machine Learning Classification Of Human Joint Tissue From Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Data, Rajitha Gunaratne, Issac Monteath, Joshua Goncalves, Raymond Sheh, Charles N. Ironside, Michael Kapfer, Richard Chipper, Brett Robertson, Riaz Khan, Daniel Fick

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: To assess if incorporation of DRS sensing into real-time robotic surgery systems has merit. DRS as a technology is relatively simple, cost-effective and provides a non-contact approach to tissue differentiation.

Methods: Supervised machine learning analysis of diffuse reflectance spectra was performed to classify human joint tissue that was collected from surgical procedures.

Results: We have used supervised machine learning in the classification of a DRS human joint tissue data set and achieved classification accuracy in excess of 99%. Sensitivity for the various classes were; cartilage 99.7%, subchondral 99.2%, meniscus 100% and cancellous 100%. Full wavelength range is required for …