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Focal Point, Special Compilation Issue 2007–2019, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

For this special compilation, we have included a variety of contributions by youth and young adults that originally appeared in Focal Point issues from 2007 to 2019. These first-hand narratives of recovery personalize what might otherwise be seen only in clinical terms, or represented by a mere statistic. By sharing their stories, these young people also offer hope to other young people experiencing similar problems, and their families. This collection portrays the wide range of individual experiences of youth and young adults and highlights common themes.

Exploring The Extent Of The Hikikomori Phenomenon On Twitter: Mixed Methods Study Of Western Language Tweets, Pereira-Sanchez, Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon, Angel Asunsolo Del Barco, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Alan R. Teo

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Hikikomori is a severe form of social withdrawal, originally described in Japan but recently reported in other countries. Debate exists as to what extent hikikomori is viewed as a problem outside of the Japanese context. Objective: We aimed to explore perceptions about hikikomori outside Japan by analyzing Western language content from the popular social media platform, Twitter. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods analysis of all publicly available tweets using the hashtag #hikikomori between February 1 and August 16, 2018, in 5 Western languages (Catalan, English, French, Italian, and Spanish). Tweets were first classified as to whether they described …

Protocol For A Longitudinal Study To Evaluate The Use Of Tenofovir-Based Prep For Safer Conception And Pregnancy Among Women In South Africa, Lynn T. Matthews, Manjeetha Jaggernath, Yolandie Kriel, Patricia Smith, Kasey O’Neil, David Bangsberg, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction Women who choose to conceive a baby with a partner living with HIV or a partner whose HIV serostatus is unknown in HIV-endemic settings need prevention strategies to mitigate HIV acquisition during conception and pregnancy.

Methods and analysis We are conducting a single-arm longitudinal study offering oral tenofovirdisoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for periconception use to 350 HIV-uninfected women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PrEP is offered as part of woman-centred safer conception programme that promotes couples-based HIV counselling and testing, antiretroviral therapy for partners who are HIV-infected, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and safer conception strategies, such …

Words Matter: Putting An End To “Unsafe” And “Risky” Sex, Julia L. Marcus, Jonathan Snowden

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Change is constant in sexual health, as in health care more broadly. Novel pathogens are identified, epidemics emerge and reemerge, and new preventive and therapeutic agents are introduced and taken up by populations. On the other hand, some care strategies and practices fall by the wayside among clinicians and populations. Just as health and health care evolve, so too should the language that we use to describe them.

In this commentary, we express our concerns about the use of ambiguous and stigmatizing language when describing sexual behavior. A search on PubMed in September 2019 yielded over four thousand articles with …

Alternative Payment Models And Hospital Engagement In Health Information Exchange, Sunny C. Lin, John M. Hollingsworth, Julia Adler-Milstein

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objectives:

To assess whether hospital participation in alternative payment models (APMs) is associated with greater engagement in health information exchange (HIE) along 4 dimensions: volume of patients for whom information is exchanged, diversity of information types, breadth of partner types, and depth of technical approach.

Study Design:

Pooled, cross-sectional analysis of data on US hospitals from 2014–2015.

Methods:

APM participation came from Leavitt Partners data, Medicare public use files, and the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey. We used Medicare data to measure HIE volume for 798 hospitals attesting to stage 2 Meaningful Use and the AHA Information Technology Supplement …

The Fair Deal Universal Health Care Proposals: Historians’ Perspectives From From 1970 To 2003, George Horvath

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

In The Name Of Merit: Racial Violence In The Academy, Reshmi Dutt-Ballerstadt

Faculty Publications

Racial violence in the academy is enacted upon faculty of color, particularly women, in multiple disciplines. This essay attempts to both expose and suggest that everyday systemic racism has become a pervasive and normalizing feature within disciplines that continue to privilege white and Eurocentric forms of knowledge-making while devaluing others. Furthermore, attempts to challenge such supremacies are immediately countered by calls and charges of incivility. This is an essay about the costs of unmasking norms of civility as it bears upon constructions of both whiteness and meritocracy.

Useful Waste, Rebecca Taylor

Homelessness Research & Action Collaborative Publications and Presentations

The Useful Waste Initiative is an alternative and more sustainable way of thinking about construction waste. It encourages material diversion and aims to reframe views on waste management during the design and construction process. It guides the process to repurpose and utilize an overlooked material resource- envelope construction mock-ups. It also provides the opportunity to contribute to and support efforts to address pressing social needs with local communities, including shelter for the homeless.

Field Experiences In Literacy Teacher Preparation: A Snapshot Of Current Practices, Laurie A. Sharp, Rebekah Piper, Roberta D. Raymond

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

This qualitative study used social constructivism as a theoretical lens to examine ways in which literacy teacher educators incorporate field experiences during literacy coursework. A cross-sectional survey was distributed among literacy teacher educators affiliated with teacher preparation programs located in a single Southern state. Responses related to field experiences were retrieved from 42 surveys and analyzed with two cycles of coding. Findings indicated that preservice teachers completed a range of field experiences prior to student teaching that involved observing literacy instruction and leading literacy instruction with individual students and small groups of students. Incongruences between reported field experiences and recommendations …

The Relationship Between A University-Based Mentorship Program And First-Year Teachers’ Performance, Alicia C. Stapp, Laura F. Prior, Catherine Harmon

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Teacher attrition affects both the stability and quality of schools. Nearly 24% of teachers leave after one year, 33% leave after three years, and 40-50% leave within their first five years (Geiger & Pivovarova, 2018). Effective mentorship programs can effectively assist teachers in overcoming the challenges that lead to resignation. This study implemented a teacher mentorship program where the mentor was a teacher educator who had worked with the mentees in their undergraduate program. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the study examined first-year teachers’ performance through monthly field observations, interviews, and self-reflections. Themes emerged that are critical to a first-year teacher’s …

Notices, Editorial Office

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

Recent Publications, Editorial Office

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

The Small Publisher’S Guide To Audiobooks, Stephanie Anderson

Book Publishing Final Research Papers

While audiobooks have been around since the invention of the phonograph, the invention of streaming technologies, combined with our increasingly fast-paced, multitasking culture, has caused audiobooks to become the fastest growing market in the publishing industry in recent years. In fact, since 2013 the audiobooks market has seen sales growth of an average of 20% per year, according to studies done by the Audio Publishers Association. However, many small publishers are not entering into the vital “new” frontier and reaching greater markets because of assumptions about the cost-prohibitive nature of creating audiobooks, and a lack of knowledge of the industry …

Consumerism-Driven History: The American Girl Brand As Publisher And Arbiter Of Girlhood Identity, Sarah Loepp

Book Publishing Final Research Papers

American Girl is a highly recognizable brand that wears several hats: publisher, dollmaker, and purported educator. Yet many researchers point out a disconnect between merchandise-driven aspects of the company and its educational qualities, as well as the set of cultural values suggested in material consumption versus the brand literature’s stated representation of girlhood. This paper outlines research pertaining to these issues before engaging in a close reading analysis of one of the historical character’s book series, ascertaining how the aforementioned concepts play out in the text itself. Assessment of American Girl consumption practices further draw from the brand’s website and …

Treatment Of Nightmares In Psychiatric Inpatients With Imagery Rehearsal Therapy: An Open Trial And Case Series, Thomas E Ellis, Katrina A Rufino, Michael R Nadorff

Staff and Researcher Publications

Objectives: This study sought to assess the utility of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) for nightmares in an inpatient psychiatric setting. Although IRT enjoys a substantial evidence base for efficacy in various populations, data with psychiatric inpatients are lacking.

Participants: Participants were 20 adult psychiatric inpatients (11 male, 9 female; mean age=43.4), in an extended stay psychiatric inpatient facility. All participants were diagnosed with multiple, treatment resistant, comorbid conditions, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and substance-related disorders. Patients with active psychosis or significant cognitive impairment were excluded.

Methods: This was an open trial utilizing a case series design. In …

Effects Of Grazing Of Reed Canarygrass (Phalaris Arundinacea) In Restored Wet Meadows In The Northern Tall Grass Prairie, Jake Robert Cleys

Range Science

Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a grass species that can dominate wet meadow plant communities. This study investigated if grazing by cattle on restored wet meadows suppresses reed canarygrass, thereby promoting the restored plant community. This study was conducted at two locations in northwest Minnesota. Management practices used were a patch-burn grazing treatment and a four-pasture high intensity-short duration grazing rotation. A pretreatment survey was conducted before grazing followed by annual surveys every five years after grazing. Both treatments reduced reed canarygrass canopy cover by 49 percent compared to non-grazed control sites. Grazed patches were moving towards a Carex dominated …

Detecting And Preventing Insurance Fraud: State Of The Nation In Review, Johnny C. Parker

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Freedom To Hack, Ido Kilovaty

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

Swaths of personal and nonpersonal information collected online about internet users are increasingly being used in sophisticated ways to manipulate them based on that information. This represents a new trend in the exploitation of data, where instead of pursuing direct financial gain based on the face value of the data, actors are seeking to engage in data analytics using advanced artificial intelligence technologies that would allow them to more easily access individuals’ cognition and future behavior. Although in recent years the concept of online manipulation has received some academic and policy attention, the desirable relationship between the data-breach law and …

Legally Cognizable Manipulation, Ido Kilovaty

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Lake Oswego School District Population And Enrollment Forecasts 2019-20 To 2028-29, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Charles Rynerson, Joshua Ollinger

School District Enrollment Forecast Reports

This report presents the results of a demographic study conducted by the Portland State University Population Research Center (PRC) for the Lake Oswego School District (LOSD). The study includes analyses of population, housing and enrollment trends affecting the District in recent years, and forecasts of district‐wide school enrollments for the 2019‐20 to 2028‐29 school years. Following are some of the highlights found in this report:

• Population and Housing Trends
• Housing and Enrollment
• Enrollment Trends
• Enrollment Forecasts

Judicial Ethics: A New Paradigm For A New Era, Charles G. Geyh

Articles by Maurer Faculty

As the preamble to the Model Code of Judicial Conduct indicates, traditional notions of judicial ethics operate within a rule of law paradigm, which posits that the "three I's" of judicial ethics-independence, impartiality, and integrity-enable judges to uphold the law. In recent decades, however, social science, public opinion, and political commentary suggest that appointed judges abuse their independence by disregarding the law and issuing rulings in accord with their biases and other extralegal impulses, while elected judges disregard the law and issue rulings popular with voters, all of which calls the future of the three I's and judicial ethics itself …

Criticism As A Form Of Cognition (Journal Article), Curtis L. Carter

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Religious F Aith In The Unjust Meantime: The Spiritual Violence Of Clergy Sexual Abuse, Theresa W. Tobin

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

Clergy sexual abuse is both sexual and psychological violence, but it is also a paradigmatic case of spiritual violence that rises to the level of religious trauma. In this paper I argue that the spiritual violence of clergy sexual abuse diminishes, and in some cases may even destroy, a survivor’s capacities for religious faith or other forms of spiritual engagement. I use and illustrate the value of feminist methodology, as developed and advanced by Alison Jaggar, for generating and pursuing philosophical questions about religious experience. Feminist methodology’s sensitivity to theorizing situated subjects who stand to each other in relations of …

Self-Control And Moral Security, Jeanette Kennett, Jessica Wolfendale

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

Self-control is integral to successful human agency. But the capacity for self-control requires external support. This paper explores the connections between social conditions, self-control, agency, and the self. Part one offers a taxonomy of self-control. Part two examines the external conditions that support successful agency and self-control, and argues that moral security is a critical foundation for agency. Moral security refers to the degree to which an agent believes that her welfare and her projects are valued by others and by her society. Parts three and four explore how narratives about racism and poverty undermine moral security, and limit and …

Mitigating Climate Change Through Transportation And Land Use Policy, Alejandro E. Camacho, Melissa L. Kelly, Nicholas J. Marantz, Gabriel Weil

Scholarly Works

A number of U.S. state and local governments have adopted strategies for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation and land development. Although some have made significant progress in reducing GHG emissions from the power sector, transportation emissions in most states continue to rise. This Article details the range of existing and proposed state interventions to reduce transportation sector GHG emissions, analyzes the trade offs of these strategies, and offers recommendations to improve and supplement such initiatives, including strategic use of planning mandates and funding and technical assistance. Additionally, regulating land use, shifting transportation spending, removing barriers to implementing road …

Building New Twenty-First Century Medical School Libraries From The Ground Up: Challenges, Experiences, And Lessons Learned., Nadine Dexter, Joanne M. Muellenbach, Elizabeth R Lorbeer, Debra Rand, Matthew E Wilcox, Bradley A Long

Jay Sexter Library Publications and Research

The twenty-first century library at a newly opened medical school often differs from those at traditional medical schools. One obvious difference is that the new medical school library tends to be a born-digital library, meaning that the library collection is almost exclusively digital. However, the unique issues related to building a library at a new medical school are not limited to online collections. A unique start-up culture is prevalent, of which newly appointed directors and other library and medical school leaders need to be aware. This special paper provides an overview of best practices experienced in building new medical school …

Effective Relationships: Managing And Measuring The Impact On Learning And Teaching, Emily Ann Brown

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the quantitative study was to take the researched components of the teacher-learner relationship and operationalize them into a survey instrument to measure and operationalize the relationship so that it can be studied and improved upon. The seven components of the teacher-learner relationship are empathy, showing care and concern, mutual respect, going above and beyond, passion and enthusiasm, perseverance and patience, and belief in the learners abilities. This quantitative study was based on the theories of emotional intelligence, client-centeredness, and attachment theory. While there is a wealth of literature about what makes a teacher-learner relationship important and what …

Factors Influencing Parent-Teacher Discrepancies In Ratings Of Child Externalizing Behavior, Erin F. Mctiernan

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Informants tend to provide discrepant ratings of child behavior, which can complicate the process of assessing behavior problems in children. The present study evaluated parent and teacher ratings of child externalizing behavior problems, as well as ratings of attention problems, hyperactivity, and aggression, to understand the degree of influence that various factors have on these ratings. A variety of demographic factors (i.e., child age, family income, child ethnicity, parent mental health), parenting and parent-child relationship variables (i.e., attachment, involvement, relational frustration, parenting stress) and school-related factors (i.e., length of time the teacher has known the child, child academic performance) were …

Exploring Awareness And Attitude On Plagiarism Among Research Scholars: A Case Study Of Panjab University, Chandigarh (India), Anil Kumar Akr, Rakesh Mohindra

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the study is to explore the awareness and attitude on plagiarism among research scholars of Panjab University, Chandigarh (India). A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among research scholars from various academic disciplines at Panjab University, Chandigarh (India). The survey examines level of awareness and attitudes of respondents on various aspects of plagiarism based on a five point Likert Scale. A total of 152 valid questionnaires were analysed with the help of Excel and SPSS. Results of the study revealed that research scholars were aware about plagiarism issues in academia. “Cut copy paste of text” was top …

Using Learning Outcomes To Engage Community And Drive Iteration, Jacen Greene

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this Chapter, Jacen Greene, Director of the Impact Entrepreneurs program at Portland State University’s School of Business, shares learning outcomes for PSU’s Certificate in Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship. The chapter is based on an interview Ashoka U conducted with Greene in May of 2018.