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Articles 20221 - 20250 of 22120
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Hpv And Hsv Associated Clinical Conditions Among People Living With Hiv-1 Infection, Yuanfan Ye
Hpv And Hsv Associated Clinical Conditions Among People Living With Hiv-1 Infection, Yuanfan Ye
All ETDs from UAB
This dissertation research focuses on investigating health burdens of HPV- and HSV- associated clinical conditions (CC) in people living with HIV-1 infection (PLWH) in the Southeastern United States. I designed a retrospective study using the UAB 1917 HIV Clinic Cohort. Electronic health records of PLWH attending the clinic for HIV-care between January 2006 and March 2019 were obtained and reviewed. I first examined incidence rates and trends of anogenital HPV- and HSV-associated CC. Then I adopted a new algorithm to group longitudinal CD4 cell counts based on their trajectories. I compared it with nadir and median CD4 cell counts in …
Methods For The Establishment Of A Dss-Induced Ibd Model In Adult Zebrafish, Ningxiang Zeng
Methods For The Establishment Of A Dss-Induced Ibd Model In Adult Zebrafish, Ningxiang Zeng
All ETDs from UAB
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of idiopathic chronic inflammatory intestinal conditions. To reveal its pathogenesis, several different animal models have been established. Although no single model captures the complexity of human IBD, each model provides valuable insights into one or another major aspect of disease, and together they have led to the establishment of a generally accepted understanding for human IBD pathogenesis. Recently, zebrafish have become an important platform for IBD research, and several murine IBD outcomes have been adapted to the zebrafish. Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) -induced colitis, the most widely used murine IBD model, has never …
Exploring The Link Between Dietary Fiber, The Gut Microbiota And Estrogen Metabolism Among Women With Breast Cancer, Ayse G. Zengul
Exploring The Link Between Dietary Fiber, The Gut Microbiota And Estrogen Metabolism Among Women With Breast Cancer, Ayse G. Zengul
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer continues to be a very prevalent disease and impacts over 260,000 new patients per year in the United States. The gut microbiota composition may affect breast cancer risk by modulating various hormonal metabolites including endogenous estrogens. Dietary factors impact gut microbial ecology and influence the regulation of estrogen metabolism. Current evidence supports the potential role of dietary fiber in breast cancer prevention and its possible modulating influence on serum estrogen levels through the gut microbiota associated with β-glucuronidase activity. However, this mechanism is not clearly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the associations between dietary fiber, …
Structural Elements Underlying The Neuroplastic Changes Produced By Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy In Chronic Stroke, Yue Zhang
All ETDs from UAB
Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is a rehabilitation treatment that produces large motor function improvements in patients with chronic stroke. One of the hypothesized mechanisms by which CIMT achieves its therapeutic effect is the large functional and structural plastic changes that it produces in the brain. The goal of the present project was to determine the neural underpinnings of cortical reorganization produced by CIMT in chronic stroke using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Before applying the proposed 1H-MRS techniques (i.e., single voxel spectroscopy/SVS and whole brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging/WB-MRSI) to evaluate longitudinal changes in brain metabolites after CIMT, it is …
The Mechanism Of Glucose-Induced Trib3 Expression In Myoblasts And Myotubes, Xiaobing Liu
The Mechanism Of Glucose-Induced Trib3 Expression In Myoblasts And Myotubes, Xiaobing Liu
All ETDs from UAB
Our previous data indicates that glucose-toxicity is dependent upon upregulation of TRIB3 expression in muscle. TRIB3 is a glucose-responsive gene and, as a pseudokinase, it blocks phosphorylation of AKT resulting in insulin resistance. The purpose of the current study was to identify the role of the differentiation process and the minimal functional sequence of TRIB3 promoter region in modulating glucose-induced TRIB3 gene expression in C2C12 myocytes. First, C2C12 myocytes were collected every 48 hours during the whole differentiation, totally 4 intervals. Before collection, cells were treated with either 5mmol glucose or 25mmol glucose for 24 hours. Under 5mmol glucose, the …
Male Sexual Jealousy: Lost Paternity Opportunities?, John E. Edlund, David J. Buller, Brad J. Sagarin, Jeremy D. Heider, Cory R. Scherer, Maria-Magdalena Farc, Oluyinka Ojedokun
Male Sexual Jealousy: Lost Paternity Opportunities?, John E. Edlund, David J. Buller, Brad J. Sagarin, Jeremy D. Heider, Cory R. Scherer, Maria-Magdalena Farc, Oluyinka Ojedokun
Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship
Numerous studies have shown that men experience relatively greater levels of jealousy in response to the sexual aspects of an infidelity (relative to women), whereas women experience relatively greater levels of jealousy in response to the emotional aspects of an infidelity (relative to men). The traditional explanation for this relationship suggests that men experience this greater level of jealousy due to threats of a loss of paternal certainty. In this article, we present three studies that demonstrate that men’s differentially greater jealousy occurs in response to situations that threaten paternity opportunities. These results suggest that a loss of perceived paternity …
Biomolecular Functionalization Of A Nanomaterial To Control Stability And Retention Within Live Cells, Mitchell Gravely, Mohammad Moein Safaee, Daniel E. Roxbury
Biomolecular Functionalization Of A Nanomaterial To Control Stability And Retention Within Live Cells, Mitchell Gravely, Mohammad Moein Safaee, Daniel E. Roxbury
Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Noncovalent hybrids of single-stranded DNA and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have demonstrated applications in biomedical imaging and sensing due to their enhanced biocompatibility and photostable, environmentally responsive near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence. The fundamental properties of such DNA-SWCNTs have been studied to determine the correlative relationships between oligonucleotide sequence and length, SWCNT species, and the physical attributes of the resultant hybrids. However, intracellular environments introduce harsh conditions that can change the physical identities of the hybrid nanomaterials, thus altering their intrinsic optical properties. Here, through visible and NIR fluorescence imaging in addition to confocal Raman microscopy, we show that the oligonucleotide length …
Science, Philosophy, And Magic, Anwar Shaikh Phd
Science, Philosophy, And Magic, Anwar Shaikh Phd
Archives of Anwar Shaikh
This collection includes:
- Shaikh, A. (n.d.). [Handwritten folder label identifying contents as "Science, magic + philosophy"; folder tab notation: "Science, magic + philosophy"]. Unpublished manuscript note. New School for Social Research.
- Shaikh, A. (2019, November 23). RE: Readings for the seminar [Email with attachments: Review of Mama's Last Hug.docx; Sleights of Mind.pdf; sent to Clara Mattei at [email protected]; body text comprises five seminar discussion questions on the philosophy and methodology of science, the nature of economics as a science, the relationship between biology and science, and the relationship between stage magic and scientific principles; with handwritten annotations regarding …
Sharing Negawatts: Property Law, Electricity Data, And Facilitating The Energy Sharing Economy, Heather Payne
Sharing Negawatts: Property Law, Electricity Data, And Facilitating The Energy Sharing Economy, Heather Payne
Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)
While the sharing economy has mostly focused on tangible assets or facilitating labor transactions, the potential to incorporate sharing-in the form of changes to behavior that create societal good-requires a different construct for electricity: one focused on an intangible asset, specifically data. With data access and sharing, it becomes possible not only to value negawatts-the decision not to use electricity at a given time-but to provide an incentive for load reduction, load shifting, and peak shaving, all three of which provide societal benefits by aiding reliability, decreasing capital requirements, and preventing greenhouse gas emissions. While sharing data can itself have …
Subversive Science, Dov Fox
Subversive Science, Dov Fox
Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)
This Article introduces the phenomenon of subversive science, reveals its operation in modern American society, and analyzes its implications for law and policy amidst calls to defund or repress controversial lines of inquiry. Existing debates center on whether cutting-edge science casts doubt on abstract ideals that animate our legal system, from racial equality to criminal responsibility. This focus misses the deeper and more practical danger that lies in how citizens misperceive and misapply these ideals in election and trial decisions. What makes certain science “subversive” is its power to shake the public’s faith in those democratic cornerstones.
Emerging bodies of …
Businessmen And Ballerinas Take Different Forms: A Strategic Resource For Acquiring Russian Vocabulary And Morphology, Laura A. Janda
Businessmen And Ballerinas Take Different Forms: A Strategic Resource For Acquiring Russian Vocabulary And Morphology, Laura A. Janda
Russian Language Journal
Included in the tasks facing a language learner is the acquisition of a lexicon and a grammar. However, when the target language has inflectional morphology, these two parts of the language-learning task intersect in the paradigms of grammatical word forms because each open-class lexeme has a number of forms that allow it to express various combinations of grammatical categories. Among major world languages, Russian is relatively highly inflected, meaning that the challenges of acquiring vocabulary are compounded by the need to master the inflectional morphology. Even a modest basic vocabulary of a few thousand inflected lexemes has over a hundred …
Review: Faces Of Contemporary Russia: Advanced Russian Language And Culture, Snezhana Zheltoukhova
Review: Faces Of Contemporary Russia: Advanced Russian Language And Culture, Snezhana Zheltoukhova
Russian Language Journal
Cultural literacy is of the utmost importance for advanced language students. Olga M. Mesropova’s Faces of Contemporary Russia is thus a welcome addition to the selection of upper-level textbooks for Russian learners. Unlike existing advanced materials, it offers an interdisciplinary approach to contemporary Russian culture, media studies, history, politics, anthropology, and sociology, making it well-suited for a content based language course with discussions and independent research as its primary focus. The book successfully presents input at the academic essay level with intricate syntax and target output of paragraph-length oral and written discourse on abstract general topics relevant to both Russia …
Reed Magazine, Issue 152, Megan R.F. Alfaro, Shawn Anto, Garrett Ashely, Darius Atefat-Peckham, Lino Azevedo, Rachel Blakley Ball, Rebecca Bangs, Lane Berger, Eric Berlin, Meredith Birdsong, Michael Butcher, Claudia Caranfa, Leslie Carlin, Anne Cheilek, J. David, Claudia Di Marco, M.H. Dodson, David Dumo, Tess Falotico, Robert Morgan Fisher, Kenny Fries, Carmen Garcia Gordillo, Beatrix Gates, Tidnek Haileselassie, Andrew Jackson, Jad Josey, Michele Kilmer, Andrea Kowch, Andrew Lam, Catharine Lucas, Larry Malchow, Peter Nathaniel Malae, Ajuan Mance, Ryan Mcfadden, Mighty Mike Mcgee, Kathleen Mcguire, Bhavna Misra, Nayomi Munaweera, Martha Nance, Michella Nguyen, Beverly J. Orth, Sophia Pomponio, Buku Sakar, Shanthi Sekaran, Jesse Sensibar, Taylor Sezen, Joseph Sigurdson, Janet Spicer, Arthur Sze, Victoria Toney-Robinson, Annie Vitalsey, Mark Lee Webb, Arisa White, Michelle Wright, Sheri Wright
Reed Magazine, Issue 152, Megan R.F. Alfaro, Shawn Anto, Garrett Ashely, Darius Atefat-Peckham, Lino Azevedo, Rachel Blakley Ball, Rebecca Bangs, Lane Berger, Eric Berlin, Meredith Birdsong, Michael Butcher, Claudia Caranfa, Leslie Carlin, Anne Cheilek, J. David, Claudia Di Marco, M.H. Dodson, David Dumo, Tess Falotico, Robert Morgan Fisher, Kenny Fries, Carmen Garcia Gordillo, Beatrix Gates, Tidnek Haileselassie, Andrew Jackson, Jad Josey, Michele Kilmer, Andrea Kowch, Andrew Lam, Catharine Lucas, Larry Malchow, Peter Nathaniel Malae, Ajuan Mance, Ryan Mcfadden, Mighty Mike Mcgee, Kathleen Mcguire, Bhavna Misra, Nayomi Munaweera, Martha Nance, Michella Nguyen, Beverly J. Orth, Sophia Pomponio, Buku Sakar, Shanthi Sekaran, Jesse Sensibar, Taylor Sezen, Joseph Sigurdson, Janet Spicer, Arthur Sze, Victoria Toney-Robinson, Annie Vitalsey, Mark Lee Webb, Arisa White, Michelle Wright, Sheri Wright
Reed Magazine
No abstract provided.
Reprogramming Of Rat Hepatoma Cells With Fibroblast-Specific Protein Twist1, Kezban Ucar Cifci
Reprogramming Of Rat Hepatoma Cells With Fibroblast-Specific Protein Twist1, Kezban Ucar Cifci
Masters Theses
In mammalian development, a complex system comprised of regulatory signals causes tissue distinction with unique structures as well as functions. Gene expression controls these functions through specific combinations of transcription factors and cofactors that influence cell differentiation by both activation and repression of genes.
Whole genome microarray studies of fibroblasts have identified candidate genes that can serve as master regulators of fibroblast identity. A previous study showed that Prrx1 and Snai2 play important roles in activating expression of fibroblast identity, and Snai2 overexpression in hepatoma cells (Fg14) activated expression of fibroblast specific genes. Moreover, Snai2 overexpression resulted in repression of …
Genetic And Morphometric Analyzes Of Paralichthys Species Confirm The Presence Of P. Brasiliensis In The Uruguayan Waters, Daniela Olsson, Alejandro Marquez, Javier .S. Tellechea, Pedro Hollanda Carvalho, Alfredo N. Pereira, Walter Norbis
Genetic And Morphometric Analyzes Of Paralichthys Species Confirm The Presence Of P. Brasiliensis In The Uruguayan Waters, Daniela Olsson, Alejandro Marquez, Javier .S. Tellechea, Pedro Hollanda Carvalho, Alfredo N. Pereira, Walter Norbis
Neotropical Biodiversity
Paralichthys species have high commercial value and constitute a resource for demersal fisheries in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Although six species have been described based on morphological characters for the Uruguayan and Argentinean waters, only the presence of three species is accepted, being their distribution still uncertain. Genetic tools are useful for species identification as a complement of morphological characters. This paper determines the genetic and morphometric variation between three species of Paralichthys that inhabiting Uruguayan waters. The interorbital width (IN) and the length from the mouth to the dorsal fin base (SD) of P. patagonicus differed significantly from the …
Altitudinal Differences In Alpha, Beta And Functional Diversity Of An Amphibian Community In A Biodiversity Hotspot, Jaime Villacampa, Andrew Whitworth, Laura Allen, Juan E. Malo
Altitudinal Differences In Alpha, Beta And Functional Diversity Of An Amphibian Community In A Biodiversity Hotspot, Jaime Villacampa, Andrew Whitworth, Laura Allen, Juan E. Malo
Neotropical Biodiversity
Biodiversity research along altitudinal gradients can provide us with new insights into conservation and human impacts. In this context, amphibians are a useful and important group due to their rapid response to environmental changes, severely threatened status and because of the gaps in our knowledge of their ecology, especially in tropical forests. Here, we investigate the differences in amphibian communities along an altitudinal gradient with the aim to understand how different groups respond to altitude and what factors drive such responses. We carried out our research in the Piñi-Piñi range, located in the Manu Biosphere Reserve (south-eastern Peru), a global …
Revisiting The Advertisement Call Features Of Scinax Montivagus (Anura: Hylidae), André Gomes Lopes, Davi Lee Bang, Ariovaldo Antonio Giaretta
Revisiting The Advertisement Call Features Of Scinax Montivagus (Anura: Hylidae), André Gomes Lopes, Davi Lee Bang, Ariovaldo Antonio Giaretta
Neotropical Biodiversity
In the present study, we revisit the advertisement call of Scinax montivagus based on new recordings from Rio de Contas, state of Bahia, Brazil. The species’ call consists of a single type of multipulsed note of relatively short duration (mean = 192 ms), having two non-harmonically related emphasized frequency bands. The dominant frequency corresponds either to the lower or the higher band, or it may shift between both along call emissions. Herein, we assess and discuss call features that diverge from what is in the literature and also provide further details on the species call. We reinforce that detailed and …
Judicial Activism In Trial Courts, Bruce Green, Rebecca Roiphe
Judicial Activism In Trial Courts, Bruce Green, Rebecca Roiphe
Articles & Chapters
No abstract provided.
An Alternative Path To Rule Of Law: Thailand's Twenty-First Century Administrative Courts, Frank W. Munger, Peerawich Thoviriyavej, Vorapitchaya Rabiablok
An Alternative Path To Rule Of Law: Thailand's Twenty-First Century Administrative Courts, Frank W. Munger, Peerawich Thoviriyavej, Vorapitchaya Rabiablok
Articles & Chapters
New courts in Asia’s rapidly developing states offer an opportunity to understand how a court system takes root in a society. This article presents a case study of the development of administrative court structure, functions, and practice in Thailand: Southeast Asia’s newest system of administrative courts. The study examines why courts made sense to those who established them and how the courts’ authority is being utilized. For relatively powerless and resource-poor litigants, barriers to litigation may be many, but when these barriers are overcome, administrative courts exercise extraordinary influence, even when they fail to render a decision fully vindicating a …
Attraction Among Late-Adolescents, C. Nathalie Yuen, Tom Koziol, Jonathan Santo
Attraction Among Late-Adolescents, C. Nathalie Yuen, Tom Koziol, Jonathan Santo
Psychology Faculty Publications
Using a within-subjects experimental design, this study assessed the association between age and level of attraction in 514 male and female participants 19 years of age or older when rating photographs of individuals 19-22. The hypotheses were formulated to test the evolutionary perspective of attraction, that males prefer a younger female mate while females prefer an older male mate. Additionally, this theory suggests that initial attraction is influenced largely by reproductive factors. To test these hypotheses, 320 different pictures for each sex were used to measure perceived attractiveness. Multilevel modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses which were partially …
Understanding Sexual Prejudice: The Role Of Political Ideology And Strategic Essentialism, Crystal L. Hoyt, Thekla Morgenroth, Jeni L. Burnette
Understanding Sexual Prejudice: The Role Of Political Ideology And Strategic Essentialism, Crystal L. Hoyt, Thekla Morgenroth, Jeni L. Burnette
Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications
Despite the increased visibility and acceptance of the LGBTQ community, sexual minorities continue to face prejudice and discrimination in many domains. Past research has shown that this prejudice is more prevalent among those holding conservative political views. In two studies, we merge strategic essentialism and motivated ideology theoretical perspectives to empirically investigate the link between political orientation and sexual prejudice. More specifically, we examine how conservatives strategically use different forms of essentialism to support their views of gay individuals and their reactions to messages aimed at changing essentializing beliefs. In Study 1 (N = 220), we demonstrate that conservatives endorse …
Investigating The Prevalence Of An Insecticide Resistance Gene In Culex Mosquito Populations Of Central Illinois, Kylee R. Noel
Investigating The Prevalence Of An Insecticide Resistance Gene In Culex Mosquito Populations Of Central Illinois, Kylee R. Noel
Masters Theses
The globalization of society has led to the spread of the vectors, mosquitoes, and diseases. Each year millions of people are killed by diseases vectored by mosquitoes. For example, West Nile Virus alone killed over 2,000 people in North America in 2017; 8 of those deaths being in Illinois. Two prominent vectors of West Nile Virus are Culex pipiens and Culex restuans; which are difficult to differentiate based upon morphological features. In this study, mosquitoes collected from two Illinois counties, Coles County and Champaign County, were first identified based upon morphology and this identification was then compared to probe-based …
Multistate Outbreaks Of Foodborne Illness In The United States Associated With Fresh Produce From 2010 To 2017, Christina K Carstens, Joelle K Salazar, Charles Darkoh
Multistate Outbreaks Of Foodborne Illness In The United States Associated With Fresh Produce From 2010 To 2017, Christina K Carstens, Joelle K Salazar, Charles Darkoh
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
In the United States, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has increased during recent years as consumers seek to make healthier lifestyle choices. However, the number of outbreaks associated with fresh produce that involve cases in more than one state (multistate) has increased concomitantly. As the distance along the farm-to-fork continuum has lengthened over time, there are also more opportunities for fresh produce contamination with bacterial pathogens before it reaches the consumer. This review provides an overview of the three bacterial pathogens (i.e., pathogenic
“I Didn’T Want To Make Them Feel Wrong In Any Way”: Preservice Teachers Craft Digital Feedback On Sociopolitical Perspectives In Student Texts, James S. Chisholm, Alison Heron-Hruby, Andrea R. Olinger
“I Didn’T Want To Make Them Feel Wrong In Any Way”: Preservice Teachers Craft Digital Feedback On Sociopolitical Perspectives In Student Texts, James S. Chisholm, Alison Heron-Hruby, Andrea R. Olinger
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
This qualitative multicase analysis investigated the role of “educational niceness” and “neutrality” (e.g., Baptiste, 2008; Bissonnette, 2016) in preservice English teacher feedback on sociopolitical issues in student writing. As part of the field experiences for several ELA methods courses at two universities, one urban and one rural, the teacher-researchers used Google Docs and other technologies (e.g., screencasts and Google Community) to connect preservice teachers (PSTs) with high school writers at a geographical distance so that urban-situated PSTs could mentor rural-situated writers and vice versa. Five methods courses over two semesters served as cases, and 12 PSTs from those courses participated …
Identifying The Challenges Remote Middle Managers Face, Stephanie Diaz
Identifying The Challenges Remote Middle Managers Face, Stephanie Diaz
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges that remote middle managers face. Through a qualitative study focused on remote middle managers at a multinational organization, key themes were identified when middle managers were asked about challenges working and leading remotely. Participants included 12 middle managers working remotely based throughout the United States. Challenges identified included communication issues, work-life balance complications, and their involvement in strategy creation and implementation.
Witchcraft In The Press, Norman Miller
Witchcraft In The Press, Norman Miller
Dartmouth Scholarship
Between 1960 and 2010, Professor Miller collected about 720 newspaper reports on witchcraft in East Africa from local sources. Reports for Malawi and Zambia were dropped from this analysis to establish a collection of 521 reports for Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. This database has yet to be fully analyzed, and is made available here for further research and publication in the understanding of witchcraft violence. The data may be sorted by date, country, press source, or by major topic using the Excel spreadsheet referenced below. Instructors in such organizations as police academies and NGOs concerned with violence against women may …
Afterlives Of Indigenous Archives, Ivy Schweitzer, Gordon Henry Jr
Afterlives Of Indigenous Archives, Ivy Schweitzer, Gordon Henry Jr
Dartmouth Scholarship
Afterlives of Indigenous Archives offers a compelling critique of Western archives and their use in the development of “digital humanities.” The essays collected here present the work of an international and interdisciplinary group of indigenous scholars; researchers in the field of indigenous studies and early American studies; and librarians, curators, activists, and storytellers. The contributors examine various digital projects and outline their relevance to the lives and interests of tribal people and communities, along with the transformative power that access to online materials affords. The authors aim to empower native people to re-envision the Western archive as a site of …
Speech And Exercise By Private Individuals And Organizations, Kent Greenawalt
Speech And Exercise By Private Individuals And Organizations, Kent Greenawalt
SMU Law Review
No abstract provided.
The (Limited) Constitutional Right To Compete In An Occupation, Rebecca Haw Allensworth
The (Limited) Constitutional Right To Compete In An Occupation, Rebecca Haw Allensworth
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
Is there a constitutional right to compete in an occupation? The “right to earn a living” movement, gaining steam in policy circles and winning some battles in the lower courts, says so. Advocates for this right say that the right to compete in an occupation stands on equal footing with our most sacred constitutional rights such as the right to be free from racial discrimination. This Article takes a different view, arguing that while there is a limited constitutional right to compete in an occupation, it is—and should be—weaker than these advocates claim. Some state licensing laws run afoul of …
The Due Process And Other Constitutional Rights Of Foreign Nations, Ingrid Wuerth
The Due Process And Other Constitutional Rights Of Foreign Nations, Ingrid Wuerth
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
The rights of foreign states under the U.S. Constitution are becoming more important as the actions of foreign states and foreign state-owned enterprises expand in scope and the legislative protections to which they are entitled contract. Conventional wisdom and lower court cases hold that foreign states are outside our constitutional order and that they are protected neither by separation of powers nor by due process. As a matter of policy, however, it makes little sense to afford litigation-related constitutional protections to foreign corporations and individuals but to deny categorically such protections to foreign states.
Careful analysis shows that the conventional …