Digital Commons Network^™

The Characterization Of Rna Content And Biogenesis Pathways Of Extracellular Vesicles That Have Been Implicated In The Pathogenesis Of Hiv-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorders, Virginia Elizabeth Zwikelmaier

Master's Theses

Patients infected with HIV-1 adhering to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) still suffer from a variety of neurocognitive, behavioral, and motor dysfunctions, collectively referred to has HIV-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND). Current research suggests the manifestations of HAND might in part be due to the dissemination of toxic HIV-1 components throughout the brain via extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal is to characterize these pathogenic EVs to begin to gain a better understanding of this EV-mediated pathology.

We took the first steps in developing a technique to assess the microRNA content of individual EVs but it needs to be heavily optimized to eliminate …

Lidocaine Attenuates An Induced Inflammatory Response, Stephanie Zack

Master's Theses

Inflammation is common to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. Therapeutics which can regulate and reduce damaging inflammation are therefore valuable in the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory diseases.

One commonly used analgesic, recently identified as limiting inflammation, is lidocaine. Additionally, alternative, less toxic therapeutics like the snake venom peptides, Zep 3 and Zep 4, are thought to have anti-inflammatory effects. Yet a well-defined mechanism or cellular target for lidocaine or Zep peptides' anti-inflammatory effects has not been proposed.

We aimed to determine whether lidocaine and Zep peptides reduce the release of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, from activated human …

Efl Students’ Perceptions Of Teacher Feedback And Intra-Feedback In Writing Essays, Maryam Kazemi, Shirin Abadikhah, Mahmood Dehqan

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study examines EFL students’ perceptions of teacher feedback and intra-feedback in writing essays in an EFL university context. Traditionally, teachers who were considered more knowledgeable provided feedback to students' writing. Recently, peer feedback is considered as an alternative form of feedback, which involves a dynamic process of reviewing and discussing one another’s text in a writing class. Intra-feedback, another form of peer feedback, is a reviewer-oriented practice in which two reviewers discuss their comments provided individually on the composition of another student. This paper investigates 21 EFL students’ perceptions of teacher feedback and peer feedback using intra-feedback technique. Both …

The Multiple Resistance Strategies For Survival Under Israeli Occupation In The Novels Of Sahar Khalifeh, Priyanka Koudur, Shashikantha Koudur

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict that started after 1948 war persists to play a dominant role in shaping Palestinian resistance movement. Sahar Khalifeh is a renowned Palestinian writer of the West Bank which is one of the Israeli occupied territories of Palestine. The core theme of Khalifeh’s writings is the Palestinian resistance to Israeli Occupation. This article examines specifically the multiple resistance strategies adopted by both Palestinian men and women on a land which is under prolonged Israeli occupation. Indeed, the Palestinian resistance movement constitutes both violent and non-violent forms of resistance throughout their struggle for independence. Unfortunately, the media has sidelined …

Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptual Knowledge Of Binary Operation1, Zeki Aksu, Alper Cihan Konyalıoğlu, Ümit Kul

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Binary operation is one of the main topics of undergraduate mathematics. A binary operation is also used as a foundation for other disciplines such as physics, chemistry and biology. This study aims to describe the conceptual knowledge level of pre-service mathematics teachers regarding binary operation. In order to achieve this, a test consisting of open-ended and truefalse questions on binary operation was administered to a total of 77 pre-service teachers; 32 primary school pre-service mathematics teachers, 30 high school pre-service mathematics teachers and 15 pedagogical formation teacher candidates. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive analysis in the context of …

Galateia In The Land Of The Amazons: The Silver Plate Of Yenikend (Azerbaijan) And Cultural Transfers Between The Greco-Roman World And The Caucasus, Anca Dan

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Ancient And Medieval Ages Caucasian Albania: A Contact Zone Of Sedentary Population And Their States With Eurasian Nomadic People (V-Vii Centuries Ce), Farda Asadov

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The paper addresses the issue of antagonistic relationship between sedentary population and movable cattle breeders as experienced in Caucasian Albania - the buffer zone between big empires and Eurasian nomadic people in the early Middle Ages. Evidence of mediaeval Arab sources is provided to justify that the interests of ruling elite and population at the boundary with nomadic people might differ from those of big empires. Nomads used to help the borderland state to struggle for their independence vis-a-vis the expansion of the great powers. Political contacts between elites, cooperation in international trade and border guarding policy of superpowers of …

Cultural Transfers Between The Caucasus Area, The Ancient Near East And The Eurasian Steppes, From The Neolithic To The Early Bronze Age (6th -3 Rd Mill. Bc), Bertille Lyonnet

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The Caucasus area has long been considered as an isolated area and it has also long been forgotten by many scholars due to the political situation of previous USSR. The short presentation given here shows, on the contrary, that it was a crossroad of many different intercultural relations during a long period in the protohistoric times. Its wealth in raw materials and its opening on the wide Eurasian steppe to the north has certainly created the basis for most of these relations. Exchange and trade in different materials can be proposed for many of the visible connections, but this also …

Lev Nussimbaum And Banine, From Baku To The Golden Horn, Sophie Basch

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Tbilisi As A Center Of Crosscultural Interactions (The 19th – Early 20thcenturies), Nino Chikovani

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The paper highlights the cultural life and the multiethnic community of Tbilisi city population in the turn of XX-th century, when the economic growth in the South Caucasus urged the urban development and urbanization in entire region. Evidence is provided for the existence and active performance of cultural centers of various Caucasian nations in Tbilisi that used to be the political and cultural center of the South Caucasus under Tsarist Russia administration. The role of Tbilisi and its social environment in search for identity and growing nationalistic sentiments of a number of South Caucasian nations is justified in provided data …

Cultural Transformation In The Northern Caucasus At The Turn Of Xix – Xx Centuries (A Case Study On Ingush People), Boris Kharsiev

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Civilizational development of ethnic culture is accompanied by quite tangible transformation and contradiction processes. It is necessary to establish a logical connection between the historical events bringing the progressive or regressive social phenomena to life. The process of formation of the Russian super-ethnos, which has absorbed a great number of non-Slavic groups, has defined extensive character of the Russian colonialism. Modern problems of the Caucasus people have been ignited since the beginning of the 19th century by the Russian Empire. Today, while Ingushetia experiences a new phase of cultural development, it is important to preserve precious traditions of the nation.

From The 'Death Of A Female Unknown' To The Life Of Margaret Dockerty: Rediscovering A Nineteenth Century Victim Of Crime, Clare Sandford-Couch, Helen Rutherford

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

On 1 January 1863, a woman was brutally raped and beaten to death in Newcastle upon Tyne. Her murderer was to be tried, convicted, and finally executed for murder. However, he is not the subject of this piece. Historically, the study of the criminal law has focused too heavily on the perpetrators of crimes. This article attempts to establish the victim, Margaret Dockerty, as an individual and to offer some social, cultural, economic and historical context for, and background to, her life.

Female Murderers And The Representation Of Crime In Execution Broadsheets In Eighteenth Century Vienna, Daniela Fasching, Claudia Resch

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

While crime broadsides were a prominent part of eighteenth and nineteenth century print culture in countries such as Great Britain and France, scholars working on crime in early modern Austria have relatively few sources to work from in comparison. However, researchers have recently discovered 180 execution broadsides in the archives of the Austrian National Library and the Vienna City Library. This paper discusses the digitisation, annotation, and forthcoming online publication of these sources by the Austrian Centre for Digital Humanities (ACDH).

That's Business': Organised Crime In G.W.M. Reynolds' The Mysteries Of London (1844-48), Stephen Basdeo

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

Scholars such as Stephen J. Carver argue that G.W.M. Reynolds’s penny blood The Mysteries of London (1844-48) represents organised crime in the Victorian criminal underworld. Yet thus far no researcher has yet applied any theories from criminology relating to organised crime to explain why the activities of the Resurrection Man, the novel's principal criminal protagonist, and his associates constitute an example of it. This article remedies this situation by applying Mark Galeotti’s definition of organised crime to a study of the Resurrection Man's gang in Reynolds’s novel, showing how Reynolds understood that, not only was there an underworld, but there …

Introduction: Lives, Trials, And Executions: Perspectives On Crime C.1700-C.1900, Samuel Saunders, Stephen Basdeo

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

No abstract provided.

Incarcerating The Poor: Interpreting Poverty And Punishment In British Prison Museums, Daniel Johnson

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

This article will seek to understand how and why many prisoners interpreted in prison museums come from lower class backgrounds, and pose questions about how these interpretations contribute to or counter stereotypes about crime and poverty in Victorian England. The article will analyse the Victorian Prison at Lincoln Castle and the York Castle Museum because both sites present the history of punishment without any substantial collections on display, thus utilising creative techniques to present their histories to their visitors. The York Castle Museum presents the history of punishment at the site from 1706 to 1829, while the Victorian Prison at …

The Emerging Authority Of Crown Office In The Imperial Age: A Discussion Paper, Robert S. Shiels

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

Although Crown Office is central to the Scottish criminal justice system there has been little modern study of the history of the department and no attempt to locate it within the Scottish constitutional arrangements. Consideration is given here to the evolution of the administrative headquarters of the public prosecution system from the mid-Victorian era when great cohesion was brought to the system through to the statutory intervention of 1927 that consolidated the independent position of the local public prosecutor albeit subject to Crown Office direction.

The Hampstead Murder: Subversion In Press Portrayals Of A Murderess, Nell Darby

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

The murders of Phoebe Hogg and her toddler daughter by Mary Eleanor Piercey, the lover of Phoebe’s husband, in London in 1892 subverted the usual Victorian press conventions surrounding a female killer. Whereas such women were commonly depicted as monsters, representing ‘the other’ and portrayed as plain, even masculine, creatures, Mary Eleanor was presented in romanticised terms, her good looks contrasted with the more masculine looks of her female victim. This article looks at how, and why, the coverage of this murderess differed, asks whether this case should make us re-evaluate how cases involving female killers were covered by the …

The Changing Presentation Of Execution In Newcastle Upon Tyne 1844-1863, Patrick Low

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

The changing presentation of punishment, in particular execution, has been at the heart of much criminal historiography. However, little work has been done to examine the transition outside of London. Newcastle offers a fascinating perspective on any national picture of capital punishment, as it adopted changes far later than most, including close neighbours like Durham. This article questions why so late a transition occurred and what the motivating factors were. Focusing on executions between 1844 and 1863 it will show that far from being led by London, the decisions were largely reactive to immediate crises, chief amongst them an unruly …

Editorial: Solon Law, Crime And History Volume 8 No.1 2018, Kim Stevenson, Judith Rowbotham

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

No abstract provided.

To Pry Unnecessarily Into Other Men's Secrets': Crime Writing, Private Spaces And The Mid-Victorian Police Memoir, Samuel Saunders

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

This article explores connections between eighteenth/early nineteenth century forms of crime writing and police memoir-fiction – a genre that deserves greater recognition for its contribution to the development of the detective genre. It does this through examining how eighteenth/early nineteenth century crime-writing and mid-Victorian police memoirs were connected through their interest in examining private spaces associated with criminality and rendering them public, yet which remained distinct from each other through their different representations of police officers and detectives.

A Field And Laboratory Study On The Dynamic Response Of The Eddystone Lighthouse To Wave Loading, Davide Banfi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Because little was known about how the masonry lighthouses constructed during the 19th century at exposed locations around the British Isles were responding to wave action, the dynamic response of the Eddystone lighthouse under wave impacts was investigated. Like other so called 'rock lighthouses', the Eddystone lighthouse was built on top of a steep reef at a site that is fully submerged at most states of the tide. Consequently, the structure is exposed to loading by unbroken, breaking and broken waves. When the breaking occurs, wave loading leads to complex phenomena that cannot be described theoretically due to the unknown …

Teach The Basics Of Contract Drafting, Corporate Governance & Transactional Law In One Sentence, Neil J. Wertlieb

Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law

No abstract provided.

You've Got A Friend In Me: The Effects Of Lgbtqia+ Legislators On Same-Sex Partnership Rights In Latin America, Danica Genners

Senior Independent Study Theses

Scholars have debated how descriptive representation might operate as a vehicle for furthering minority rights. Rarely discussed in this literature is the role that the election of LGBTQIA+ politicians can have on overall approval of LGBTQIA+ rights within a country. This study aims to identify the various effects that LGBTQIA+ sexual minority federal representatives in Latin America have on public opinion on pro-LGBTQIA+ policies. Using a multi-year, cross-national survey of eleven Latin American countries my study tests whether the election of a LGBTQIA+ representative is related to more progressive views on same-sex marriage. This study finds that the election of …

Encrusting Sclerobiont Paleoecology And Bioerosion Of Oysters In The Type Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Of Southwestern France, Macy A. Conrad

Senior Independent Study Theses

The Campanian Stage of the Upper Cretaceous was established by Henri Coquand in 1857 based on a sequence of richly fossiliferous shallow water carbonates in the Charente and Charente-Maritime departments of southwestern France. One of the most common macrofossils is the gryphaeid oyster Pycnodonte vesicularis (Lamarck, 1806), which often forms extensive shell beds. This bivalve lived primarily on soft marly substrates, forming hard substrate islands. They frequently supported sclerobiont communities comprising encrusters (diverse cheilostome and cyclostome bryozoans, foraminiferans, oysters, bivalves, sabellid and serpulid polychaetes, calcareous sponges), borers (the sponge borings Entobia, the worm borings Maeandropolydora and Caulostrepsis, the barnacle borings …

The Stigmatization Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder As Influenced By Gender, Evelina Alex

Senior Independent Study Theses

Children who are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder are inherently more vulnerable to stigma in ways that children without this diagnosis are. The current study was an experimental study in which attitudes towards children with and without Autism were measured through a vignette along with an attribution questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire, modified from Ling, Mak, & Cheng (2010) was to analyze peoples’ perceptions about the actions of children with and without Autism. The questionnaire examined sympathy, helping behavioral intention, punitive behavioral intention, perceived controllability, and anger. Disability status was defined as the first independent variable, with gender being …

An Analysis Of The Ego-Depletion Effects Of Emotion Versus Attention Draining Tasks: Even Emotionally Arousing Depletion Tasks Do Not Show An Ego-Depletion Effect, Savannah Binion

Senior Independent Study Theses

The theory of ego-depletion has come under intense scrutiny within the past few years. Beginning around 2010, researchers conducted meta-analyses and large replication studies that have investigated this topic, and found a wide range of evidence for and against the existence of an ego-depletion effect. Although the goal has been to determine whether this effect exists or not, the research has proved that the answer may be more complicated than that. The purpose of the current research was to examine the different theories about self-control, and to test two specific depleting tasks against a control group. The depleting tasks were …

The First But Hopefully Not The Last: How The Last Of Us Redefines The Survival Horror Video Game Genre, Joseph T. Gonzales

Senior Independent Study Theses

For this study, I applied generic criticism, which looks at how a text subverts and adheres to patterns and formats in its respective genre, to analyze how The Last of Us redefined the survival horror video game genre through its narrative. Although some tropes are present in the game and are necessary to stay tonally consistent to the genre, I argued that much of the focus of the game is shifted from the typical situational horror of the monsters and violence to the overall narrative, effective dialogue, strategic use of cinematic elements, and character development throughout the course of the …

#Quitbullyingme: Teachers’ And Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions Of The Academic, Social, And Emotional Impact Of Cyberbullying On Individuals Who Stutter, Claire Dunwoodie

Senior Independent Study Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine Teachers’ and Speech-Language Pathologists’ perceptions on the academic, social, and emotional impact that cyberbullying has on individuals who stutter. This study also looked at Teachers’ and Speech-Language Pathologists’ management skills of cyberbullying when cyberbullying arose with their students or clients. The researcher created a survey which included Likert-type questions and open response questions to address these topics. As concluded from the results of this study, Teachers and Speech-Language Pathologists both believe that students and clients who stutter are impacted the most emotionally, directly associating with cyberbullying. In addition to this, the results …

Masculinity (De)Construction And Policing: A Comparative Study Of Representation, Policies, And Legitimacy, Sarah Huffman

Senior Independent Study Theses

The culture of policing oftentimes equates police competency with masculinity, valorizing physicality and bravery, but at the expense of other characteristics included in policework such as service and protection. The introduction of more female officers into police services leads the question as to how their increased representation (de)constructs traditional masculinist attitudes and affects gender inclusive policy and actions of a police service, encompassing police response to cases of domestic and sexual violence. This study investigates whether higher gender equity in a police service increases gender inclusive policy and actions by the police and whether this factor, in turn, increases public …