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2018

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Heterogeneous Relationships Between Labor Income And Health By Race/Ethnicity, Abdulkarim M. Meraya, Nilanjana Dwibedi, Kim Innes, Sophie Mitra, Xi Tan, Usha Sambamoorthi Aug 2018

Heterogeneous Relationships Between Labor Income And Health By Race/Ethnicity, Abdulkarim M. Meraya, Nilanjana Dwibedi, Kim Innes, Sophie Mitra, Xi Tan, Usha Sambamoorthi

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objective. To examine the race-stratified relationships between labor income and health among working-age adults in the United States. Data Sources. Data from eight waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1999 through 2013 were used for this study. Study Design. The study utilized a retrospective observational longitudinal design with repeated measures of labor income and health measures. System-generalized method of moment and heteroscedasticity-based instrument regressions were used to examine the relationships between labor income and physical and mental health measures, respectively. Dynamic panel models were used to examine the effect of loss in income on health measures. Data …

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Effects Of Light At Night On Laboratory Animals And Research Outcomes, Kathryn M. Emmer, Kathryn L. G. Russart, William H. Walker Ii, Randy J. Nelson, A. Courtney Devries Aug 2018

Effects Of Light At Night On Laboratory Animals And Research Outcomes, Kathryn M. Emmer, Kathryn L. G. Russart, William H. Walker Ii, Randy J. Nelson, A. Courtney Devries

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Light has substantial influences on the physiology and behavior of most laboratory animals. As such, lighting conditions within animal rooms are potentially significant, and often underappreciated variables within experiments. Disruption of the light/dark cycle, primarily by exposing animals to light at night (LAN), disturbs biological rhythms and has widespread physiological consequences due to mechanisms such as melatonin suppression, sympathetic stimulation, and altered circadian clock gene expression. Thus, attention to the lighting environment of laboratory animals and maintaining consistency of a light/dark cycle is imperative for study reproducibility. Light intensity as well as wavelength, photoperiod, and timing are all important variables. …

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Dysregulation Of Metabolic-Associated Pathways In Muscle Of Breast Cancer Patients: Preclinical Evaluation Of Interleukin-15 Targeting Fatigue, Joseph Bohlen, Sarah L. Mclaughlin, Hannah Hazard-Jenkins, Aniello M. Infante, Cortney Montgomery, Mary Davis, Emidio E. Pistilli Aug 2018

Dysregulation Of Metabolic-Associated Pathways In Muscle Of Breast Cancer Patients: Preclinical Evaluation Of Interleukin-15 Targeting Fatigue, Joseph Bohlen, Sarah L. Mclaughlin, Hannah Hazard-Jenkins, Aniello M. Infante, Cortney Montgomery, Mary Davis, Emidio E. Pistilli

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background Breast cancer patients report a perception of increased muscle fatigue, which can persist following surgery and standardized therapies. In a clinical experiment, we tested the hypothesis that pathways regulating skeletal muscle fatigue are down-regulated in skeletal muscle of breast cancer patients and that different muscle gene expression patterns exist between breast tumour subtypes. In a preclinical study, we tested the hypothesis that mammary tumour growth in mice induces skeletal muscle fatigue and that overexpression of the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) can attenuate mammary tumourinduced muscle fatigue. Methods Early stage non-metastatic female breast cancer patients (n = 14) and female non-cancer …

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Sex Differences In Sleep Duration Among Older Adults With Self-Reported Diagnosis Of Arthritis: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012, R. Constance Wiener, Alcinda K. Trickett-Shockey, Christopher Waters Aug 2018

Sex Differences In Sleep Duration Among Older Adults With Self-Reported Diagnosis Of Arthritis: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012, R. Constance Wiener, Alcinda K. Trickett-Shockey, Christopher Waters

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objective. Sleep is restorative, essential, and benefcial to health. Prevalences of some diseases have been associated with sleep duration. Tere are few studies in the literature on the relationship of sleep duration and arthritis stratifed by sex in older adults. Te purpose of this research is to investigate sleep duration among older adults in the United States who have self-reported diagnosis of arthritis. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used. Te data source was the National Health and Nutrition Examination 2009-2010 and 2011-2012. Self-reported diagnosis of arthritis and sleep duration were the variables of interest. Results. Tere were 4,888 participants, …

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Dark Matters: Effects Of Light At Night On Metabolism, Randy J. Nelson, Souhad Chbeir Aug 2018

Dark Matters: Effects Of Light At Night On Metabolism, Randy J. Nelson, Souhad Chbeir

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Life on earth has evolved during the past several billion years under relatively bright days and dark night conditions. The wide-spread adoption of electric lights during the past century exposed animals, both human and non-human, to significant light at night for the first time in their evolutionary history. Endogenous circadian clocks depend on light to entrain to the external daily environment and seasonal rhythms depend on clear nightly melatonin signals to assess time of year. Thus, light at night can derange temporal adaptations. Indeed, disruption of naturally evolved light-dark cycles results in several physiological and behavioural changes with potentially serious …

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Fabrication And Characterization Of A Magnetohydrodynamic Micropump From Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms), Rachel K. Weber Aug 2018

Fabrication And Characterization Of A Magnetohydrodynamic Micropump From Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms), Rachel K. Weber

Graduate Theses - Chemical Engineering

Microfluidics is a growing area of study in recent years, particularly for lab-on-a-chip applications. Fluids must oftentimes be transported from one location on the chip to another. This study focuses on the fabrication and characterization of a magnetohydrodynamic micropump. The device was fabricated in the Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology MiNDS facility, and consisted of a PDMS channel and titanium electrodes supported on a glass slide with a permanent magnet. An Arduino microcontroller capable of pulse width modulation (PWM) was used to control the electrical potential. An electrode design that spanned the full length of the channel was successful in driving …

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Scholarworks Usage Report, 08-2018, Maura Valentino Aug 2018

Scholarworks Usage Report, 08-2018, Maura Valentino

ScholarWorks Reports

No abstract provided.

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Imaging Characterization Of Current Generating Lipid-Protein Membranes, Joel D. Kamwa Aug 2018

Imaging Characterization Of Current Generating Lipid-Protein Membranes, Joel D. Kamwa

Microelectronics-Photonics Student Works

Imaging Characterization of Current Generating Lipid-protein Membranes

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Forensic Science Research Opportunities, Conrad Monson Aug 2018

Forensic Science Research Opportunities, Conrad Monson

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Forensic Sciences research needs, disciplines, and activity at BYU

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Integrative Omics At The Nanoscale, Ryan Kelly Aug 2018

Integrative Omics At The Nanoscale, Ryan Kelly

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Overall Objective: Quantify thousands of biomolecules from small samples (including single cells) with high throughput; mass spectrometry instrumentation; biochemical separations; microfluidic sample processing; data analysis; biological applications

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Escaping From Houdini, Maggie Mason Smith Aug 2018

Escaping From Houdini, Maggie Mason Smith

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Identifying Early-, Mid-, And Later-Life Experiences That Condition The Expression Of Genetic Propensities Of Cognitive Decline And Alzheimer's Disease, Lance Erickson, Keoni Kauwe, Dawson W. Hedges Aug 2018

Identifying Early-, Mid-, And Later-Life Experiences That Condition The Expression Of Genetic Propensities Of Cognitive Decline And Alzheimer's Disease, Lance Erickson, Keoni Kauwe, Dawson W. Hedges

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Implications: The presence of known markers for Alzheimer's disease often do not result in Alzheimer's; what social, psychological factors trigger the expression of Alzheimer's...better risk profiles

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Cryptic Speciation Among Meiofaunal Flatworms, Henry J. Horacek Aug 2018

Cryptic Speciation Among Meiofaunal Flatworms, Henry J. Horacek

Graduate Theses

Meiofauna are unusual in that they typically have widespread distribution, despite being small-bodied and unable to swim. This is known as the meiofaunal paradox; cryptic speciation has been suggested as a possible explanation for the meiofaunal paradox. In order to determine whether cryptic speciation and genetic differentiation across populations of meiofaunal flatworms could be detected along the eastern coast of North America, I collected specimens of two different morphospecies of meiofaunal flatworms (Paramonotus sp. and Proschizorhynchella sp.) from different locations in North Carolina and Florida. Specimens were sequenced for four different genetic markers: 18S gene, 28S gene, ITS …

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Biomedical, Alonzo Cook Aug 2018

Biomedical, Alonzo Cook

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Areas of Interest: Tissue engineering: heart, kidney, pancreas, eye, blood vessels, and nerves

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Cell-Free Protein Engineering, Bradley Charles Bundy Aug 2018

Cell-Free Protein Engineering, Bradley Charles Bundy

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Protein production: therapeutics, biocatalysts; Biosensors; Virus-like particles

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Queering Sexual Health: The Intersection Of Sexual Health And Lgbtq Identities In Worcester, Ma, Sara Richman Davidow Aug 2018

Queering Sexual Health: The Intersection Of Sexual Health And Lgbtq Identities In Worcester, Ma, Sara Richman Davidow

Sustainability and Social Justice

This research examined what support, services, and programming existed at the intersection of sexual health and LGBTQ identities in Worcester MA. The data analyzed were interviews with professionals in sexual health or LGBTQ related fields as well as the public websites of sexual health or LGBTQ organizations. The researcher examined this data, along with literature on the rise of sexual health and LGBTQ communities, to understand (1) how inclusive sexual health resources in Worcester were and (2) what themes still need to be addressed to make gender and sexuality minorities comfortable seeking sexual health medical aid. The findings indicated that …

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Haemosporidian Parasite Community In Migrating Bobolinks On The Galapagos Islands, Noah G. Perlut, Patricia G. Parker, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Maricruz Jaramillo Aug 2018

Haemosporidian Parasite Community In Migrating Bobolinks On The Galapagos Islands, Noah G. Perlut, Patricia G. Parker, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Maricruz Jaramillo

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) migrate from their breeding grounds in North America to their wintering grounds in South America during the fall each year. A small number of Bobolinks stop temporarily in Galapagos, and potentially carry parasites. On the North American breeding grounds, Bobolinks carry a least two of the four Plasmodium lineages recently detected in resident Galapagos birds. We hypothesized that Bobolinks carried these parasites to Galapagos, where they were bitten by mosquitoes that then transmitted the parasites to resident birds. The haemosporidian parasite community in 44% of the Bobolinks we captured was consistent with those on their …

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Age-Specific Differences In Fat Reserves And Migratory Passage Of Setophaga Striata (Blackpoll Warbler), Emily N. Filiberti, Noah G. Perlut Aug 2018

Age-Specific Differences In Fat Reserves And Migratory Passage Of Setophaga Striata (Blackpoll Warbler), Emily N. Filiberti, Noah G. Perlut

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Adequate fat reserves are vital for long non-stop transatlantic avian-migration movements, such as those made by Setophaga striata (Blackpoll Warbler). Over a 5-y period, we studied differences in preparedness (determined by presence of fat content and arrival time at stopover locations) between hatch-year (HY) and after hatch-year (AHY) Blackpoll Warblers at 3 stopover sites (Hancock and York counties in Maine, and Plymouth County in Massachusetts) covering 2.65° latitude along the Gulf of Maine. Migration timing varied across a latitudinal gradient and between age classes. In September, AHY Blackpoll Warblers were more abundant in the northern and central counties, but HY …

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Evaluation Of Circuit Judge Kavanaugh’S Opinions Concerning The Caa, Arnold W. Reitze Jr. Aug 2018

Evaluation Of Circuit Judge Kavanaugh’S Opinions Concerning The Caa, Arnold W. Reitze Jr.

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

Nineteen opinions by Circuit Judge Kavanaugh in the D.C. Circuit dealing with the Clean Air Act (CAA) were reviewed. In eleven of the cases, Circuit Judge Kavanaugh wrote the majority opinion. In two cases he wrote a concurring opinion and in six cases he dissented. The cases where Circuit Judge Kavanaugh wrote the majority opinion are: (1) Americans for Clean Energy v. EPA, 864 F.3d 691 (2017); (2) Mexichem Fluor, Inc. v. EPA, 866 F.3d 451(2017); (3) Energy Future Coalition v. EPA, 793 F.3d 141 (2015); (4) EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 795 F.3d 118 (2015); (5) In …

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3d Printing For Lab-On-A-Chip, Gregory P. Nordin Aug 2018

3d Printing For Lab-On-A-Chip, Gregory P. Nordin

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Areas of Interest: 3D printed microfluidics, biological and chemical sensors, nanophotonics and integrated optics, micro- and nanofabrication, MEMS, and microfluidics

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Biomechanics Of Crop Plants, Douglas Cook Aug 2018

Biomechanics Of Crop Plants, Douglas Cook

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Modeling biological systems, stochastic modeling, sensitivity analyses, uncertainty quantification, statistical shape modeling, biomechanics in general, applying engineering techniques to new problems, graphic design, undergraduate training methods

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The Moderating Effect Of Prior Principal Athletic Coaching Experience On The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership And Teacher Organizational Citizenship Behavior In Secondary Schools In Mississippi, Jeff White Aug 2018

The Moderating Effect Of Prior Principal Athletic Coaching Experience On The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership And Teacher Organizational Citizenship Behavior In Secondary Schools In Mississippi, Jeff White

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine transformational leadership practices of principals and the relationship of these practices and teacher organizational citizenship behavior. A secondary purpose of this study was to determine if prior athletic coaching experience served as a moderator between school leadership practices and teacher organizational citizenship behavior. Twenty-seven secondary schools participated in the study, while the head principal of each school served as the administrative representative being nested within the respective school. Secondary school teachers (n=908) completed the Leadership Practices Inventory and the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale. Secondary school principals (n=27) responded to the Athletic Coaching …

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Cooperative Regulation Of Translational Repression By Fmrp And The Mirna Pathway, Navneeta Kaul Aug 2018

Cooperative Regulation Of Translational Repression By Fmrp And The Mirna Pathway, Navneeta Kaul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited monogenic cause of intellectual disability. FXS patients exhibit social and language deficits, hyperactivity, seizures, growth abnormalities, macroorchidism, anxiety, and epilepsy. FXS is caused by the transcriptional silencing of the fragile X mental retardation gene 1 (Fmr1), resulting in the loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP is a selective mRNA binding protein that plays a role in translation repression. Studies suggest that FMRP utilizes the miRNA pathway to repress translation of its target mRNAs through an unknown mechanism. The aim of my thesis is to investigate …

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Spg Directs Arp2/3 Mediated F-Actin Networks To Support Syncytial Furrow Ingression In Drosophila, Shannon M. Henry Aug 2018

Spg Directs Arp2/3 Mediated F-Actin Networks To Support Syncytial Furrow Ingression In Drosophila, Shannon M. Henry

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the Drosophila embryo, nuclear divisions 10-13 occur in a syncytium with transient membrane furrows separating neighboring nuclei before the occurrence of cellularization. This process is driven by cytoskeletal and membrane trafficking networks, and while RalA and Rab8 have been identified to drive membrane addition to furrows, less is known about the control of dynamic F-actin networks needed for furrow formation. Here, the role of the DOCK protein Sponge (Spg) in furrow formation is explored through shRNA knockdown and live-imaging of syncytial Drosophila embryos. I have found that Spg is required for furrow ingression and that without Spg, furrows can …

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Play And Exhibitions: Expanding Definitions Within Museums, Helena Sizemore Aug 2018

Play And Exhibitions: Expanding Definitions Within Museums, Helena Sizemore

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is an exploration of the utilization of play, as a method for visitor engagement, within the context of the museum. Play, as a method for learning and engagement, is often a contested topic between scholars and practitioners within the museum field. This is in part due to the ambiguous nature of defining play, the ever-present dichotomy between work and play, and the struggles museums find in balancing education and entertainment. The Denver Museum of Nature and Science in Denver, Colorado names play as part of one of its core values. Using anthropological theoretical and methodological approaches, I examine …

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Developing A Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy Experiment For Solid State Materials, Daniel Hammerland Aug 2018

Developing A Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy Experiment For Solid State Materials, Daniel Hammerland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (FSRS) is a ultrafast spectroscopy technique first implemented by chemists to understand isomerization and other ultrafast molecular morphology changes by resolving vibrational dynamics[1, 2, 3]. FSRS has an unparalleled temporal and spectral resolution [4, 1, 5, 6] that arises as a result of a clever combination of picosecond and femtosecond pulses. However, despite this capability, FSRS has yet to be applied to modern materials in condensed matter physics. This thesis explores the design and implementation of FSRS to study two-dimensional materials in order to measure their quantum confined vibrational dynamics on utlrafast time scales.

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A Bi-Encoder Lstm Model For Learning Unstructured Dialogs, Diwanshu Shekhar Aug 2018

A Bi-Encoder Lstm Model For Learning Unstructured Dialogs, Diwanshu Shekhar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Creating a data-driven model that is trained on a large dataset of unstructured dialogs is a crucial step in developing a Retrieval-based Chatbot systems. This thesis presents a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based Recurrent Neural Network architecture that learns unstructured multi-turn dialogs and provides implementation results on the task of selecting the best response from a collection of given responses. Ubuntu Dialog Corpus Version 2 (UDCv2) was used as the corpus for training. Ryan et al. (2015) explored learning models such as TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and a Dual Encoder (DE) based on Long …

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Reducing Extreme Suffering For Non-Human Animals: Enhancement Vs. Smaller Future Populations?, Magnus Vinding Aug 2018

Reducing Extreme Suffering For Non-Human Animals: Enhancement Vs. Smaller Future Populations?, Magnus Vinding

Between the Species

This paper argues that ethical views that place primary importance on the reduction of extreme suffering imply that, at least in theory, it can be better to allow enhanced non-human animals to come into existence rather than unenhanced non-human animals. Furthermore, they imply that it would be even better if no non-human animals came into existence at all. However, it is unclear, from the perspective of these ethical views, whether enhancement or reduction of future populations is the more effective strategy in practice, and whether it might even be better to instead pursue a seemingly more robust and less controversial …

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The Role Of Developmental Timing Regulators In Progenitor Proliferation And Cell Fate Specification During Mammalian Neurogenesis, Jennifer S. Romer-Seibert Aug 2018

The Role Of Developmental Timing Regulators In Progenitor Proliferation And Cell Fate Specification During Mammalian Neurogenesis, Jennifer S. Romer-Seibert

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Developmental timing is a key aspect of tissue and organ formation in which distinct cell types are generated through a series of steps from common progenitors. These progenitors undergo specific changes in gene expression that signifies both a distinct progenitor type and developmental time point that thereby specifies a particular cell fate at that stage of development. The nervous system is an important setting for understanding developmental timing because different cell types are produced in a certain order and the switch from stem cells to progenitors requires precise timing and regulation. Notable examples of such regulatory molecules include the RNA-binding …

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Umsl Viewbook, University Of Missouri-St. Louis Aug 2018

Umsl Viewbook, University Of Missouri-St. Louis

UMSL Magazine and other UMSL Magazines

Respected programs, accomplished faculty and engaged alumni are just a few of the reasons students choose UMSL. Need more? Just keep reading.

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