Digital Commons Network^™

The Influence Of Physiological And Abiotic Factors On The Sensitivity Of The Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus) To The Lampricide 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol (Tfm), Alexandra Muhametsafina

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes are controlled using the pesticide (lampricide) 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), which is applied to nursery streams containing larval lamprey. The toxicity of TFM to lamprey is affected by various environmental and physiological factors, which can lead to residual lamprey that survive TFM treatment. The goal of this study was to investigate how abiotic (season and temperature) factors interacted with physiological parameters (whole body and tissue energy reserves) to influence TFM sensitivity in sea lamprey. Toxicity tests were conducted at different times of the year (spring, early and late summer, fall) and …

Distribution And Stability Of The Lampricide 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol (Tfm) In Non-Target Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And White Sucker (Catostomus Commersonii), Darren Foubister

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is applied to tributaries of the Great Lakes to control invasive sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus). Although TFM is selectively toxic to larval sea lampreys, non-target mortality can occur during lampricide treatments. It is important to know whether or not TFM played a role in the death of these fishes, and the most direct means to do this is using forensic science principles. The objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the acute toxicity of TFM to the non-target fishes, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and white sucker (Catostomus commersonii), and how the lampricide is …

Initial Functional Characterization Of Bfo 2291 And Bfo 2294 From Tannerella Forsythia; Degraders Of Chondroitin Sulfate A, Rony Eshaque, Rony Eshaque

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Periodontitis is characterized by the inflammation of the periodontal tissues in response to bacterial action. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 study shows that periodontitis ranks 6^thin the global prevalence of oral health conditions and affects 11% of the world population. It is initiated by the formation of biofilms containing different types of bacteria. These biofilms exist as dental plaque and contain three types of bacteria called Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonasgingivalis, and Treponema denticola. These three types of bacteria are strongly associated with periodontitis and they are termed as the Red complex. The main focus of the …

Investigating The Roles Of Mechanoreceptive Channels In Tactile Apparent Motion Perception: A Vibrotactile Study, Phill Kim, Philip Servos Dr.

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Tactile apparent motion (TAM) is a perceptual phenomenon in which consecutive presentation of multiple tactile stimuli creates an illusion of motion. Employing a novel tactile display device, the Latero, allowed us to investigate this. The current study focused on the Rapidly Adapting (RA) channel and Slowly Adapting I (SAI) channel on the index finger. The experiment implemented vibrotactile masking stimuli to target the mechanoreceptive channels with the goal of gaining better insight into the involvement of mechanoreceptive channels in the perception of TAM. Masking stimuli were used because previous studies have used them to differentiate between different channels; a …

Examining The Effects Of Interleukin-6 On Appetite Regulatory Peptides In Lean And Obese Sedentary Males, Greg L. Mckie

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Acute moderate-intensity exercise transiently suppresses appetite via fluctuations in the appetite-regulatory peptides acylated ghrelin (AG), peptide tyrosine-tyrosine_3-36 (PYY_3-36), and active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Importantly, these effects do not lead to compensatory changes in energy intake in normal weight or obese individuals, highlighting the potential for exercise to induce acute energy deficits. One potential mechanism for these effects is increased post-exercise plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, as IL-6 has demonstrated appetite-inhibitory effects in animal and cell culture models. Given obesity is characterized by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and associated with upregulated IL-6, this study sought to …

Charecterization Of The Innate Immune Response In The Rat Intervertebral Disc At The Tissue And Cellular Level, Matthew Guerreiro

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Low back pain (LBP) affects up to 80% of the global population at some point during their life. The costs associated with LBP are estimated at $100 billion per year, putting significant strains on our healthcare system. As intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation is one of the major causes of LBP we decided to focus on herniation facilitated inflammatory responses, where damage caused by herniation triggers an innate immune response which likely results in pain, inflammation, and recruitment of specialized innate immune cells like macrophages to the affected area. Since the role of the inflammatory response is relatively uncharacterized in the …

The Influence Of Water Quality On Wetland-Associated Microbial Communities, Lindsey Clairmont

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Within a wetland environment, bacteria in association with plant roots play a vital role in maintaining the health of freshwater ecosystems. In order to gain insight into the stability and processes occurring within natural and constructed wetland environments we need to develop a better understanding of the relationship between wetland plants, root-associated microbial communities and environmental factors. Human population growth and urbanization have resulted in greater contaminant loads (inorganic nutrients, fecal contamination etc.) entering our waterways. As such, we need a better understanding of how anthropogenic impacts influence the structure and function of the wetland-associated microbial communities that we rely …

Moral Identity Development Across Middle Childhood And Adolescence, Sonia Sengsavang

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In moral psychology, moral identity has been viewed as a central explanatory construct in moral development linking morality and action. However, less is known about its development across the lifespan. The present dissertation aimed to address the limitations of previous research by using the personological approach to better understand how the multifaceted construct of moral identity develops from the understudied period of middle childhood to adolescence. The dissertation is separated into three chapters that can be considered as three research topics framed within one study tapping into the different layers of moral identity (see Krettenauer & Hertz, 2015). All chapters …

An Assessment Of The Plant And Mycorrhizal Community At Steeves Lake Shoreline, Colomac Mine, Nwt, Rebekah Hamp, Dr. Kevin Stevens

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study focused on the environmental impacts of mining and potential techniques to mitigate them. The goals of this study were to (1) Quantify vegetation and fungal colonization at a remediated mine site in northern Canada, and to determine if there were effects from petroleum hydrocarbon contamination, (2) Determine the response of northern plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi to diesel contamination. Mycorrhizal colonization was observed in field collected roots and trends in colonization and vegetation cover suggested that these communities were no longer impacted by residual contamination. Mean hyphal colonization of Elymus trachycaulus roots collected over two years was 47.3±3.8% …

Dynamic Balance Control And Segmental Orientation While Listening During Walking: Effects Of Age And Hearing Loss, Sin Tung Lau

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Dynamic control of balance changes with age and changes with declines in sensory and cognitive abilities. For instance, emerging, yet robust associations between hearing loss and poor mobility have been described and yet the mechanism underlying these associations remains unknown. It could be that age-related declines in hearing ability result in different kinematic strategies when having to walk and listen at the same time (e.g. head and body orienting responses toward sounds) and/or that declines in hearing result in increased cognitive load during listening, at the detriment to mobility-related performance. Therefore, this thesis sought to better characterize these associations by …

Exploring Lactate’S Role In Appetite Regulation Following High-Intensity Exercise, Luke W. Vanderheyden

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Background: Intense-exercise has demonstrated an appetite suppressing effect post-exercise, however the involved mechanisms are not well understood. Lactate appears to be one viable mechanism as it has been found to bind to receptors on acylated ghrelin to inhibit release in cell culture. As sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) can alter lactate accumulation post-exercise without manipulating exercise-intensity, it presents an intriguing means to investigate lactate’s potential role. Purpose: To examine the role of lactate on appetite using NaHCO₃ to alter blood lactate concentrations during high-intensity exercise. Methods: Eight recreationally active males completed two identical exercise sessions of low-volume high-intensity interval …

Ecological Ethics And Social Work Therapy Practice, Karma Guindon

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study sheds light on the meaning of ecological ethics from the perspectives of ecologically-informed therapy professionals. A qualitative methodology was used to explore the perspectives of therapists from Canada, England, and the United States. Thirteen professionals were interviewed and feedback on these interviews was obtained utilizing focus groups. The findings include themes of relational assumptions, ecological values and principles, practice ecologies, and challenges and solutions to embracing ecological ethics. The findings suggest ways social work therapists can integrate ecological ethics into their everyday practice and point to changes that can be made in the profession more broadly, including changes …

Arriving Somewhere, Not Here: Exploring And Mapping The Relationship Between Border Enforcement And Migration By Boat In The Central Mediterranean Sea, 2006 To 2015, Kira Williams

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The European Union (EU) implemented a maritime interdiction network using search and rescue which interdicted at least 462,813 “illegal migrants” in the Central Mediterranean Sea between 2006 and 2015. This involved 15 discrete, militarised and semi-secret maritime interdiction operations (MIOs) at a minimum cost of 126.9 million 2014 Euros. In this dissertation, I will explore and map these operations and their geographies between 2006 and 2015.

First, and based on the given existence of the European Patrols Network, I examine how this network came into being in the first place. This serves to show that the EU purposely created regular …

Introgression In Native Populations Of Apis Mellifera Mellifera L: Implications For Conservation, Jonathan S. Ellis, Gabriele Soland-Reckeweg, Victoria G. Buswell, J. Vanessa Huml, Andrew Brown, Mairi E. Knight

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Envelope Vertical Coordinate System For Numerical Ocean Modelling, Diego Bruciaferri, Georgy I. Shapiro, Fred Wobus

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

[Editorial], Randall W. Younker

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

Welcome to anotherissue ofJATS (actually a double issue). This issue contains several articles that address current challenges within the church, but within a Biblical-based perspective as is the goal of ATS research. Such issues include environmental concerns, the nature of the Trinity (an old issue, yet still current within Adventism and other Christian denominations), dealing with ecclesiological tensions, as well as gender and sexuality questions. We also have contributions dealing with key Adventist beliefs such as creation, the Holy Spirit, and the Spirit of Prophecy.

Proceedings Of The Xix Iberian Symposium On Marine Biology Studies 2016 (Porto, Portugal), Alberto Teodorico Correia, Francisco Arenas, Jason Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Neutral Variation Does Not Predict Immunogenetic Variation In The European Grayling (Thymallus Thymallus) - Implications For Management, Jv Huml, Martin I. Taylor, We Harris, Robin Sen, Jonathan S. Ellis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Worship Music As Spiritual Identity: An Examination Of Music In The Liturgy Among Black And White Adventists In The United States From 1840 To 1944, David A. Williams

Dissertations

The Topic

This study examined Black and White Seventh-day Adventist music in the liturgy in the United States from 1840 to 1944. Little scholarly attention has been given to the development of Adventist liturgical practice, the function of music in the liturgy, and the effect of music upon the spiritual identity. This study utilized liturgical history, ritual studies, musicology, and liturgical theology to derive and compare the spiritual identity fostered through music in the liturgy by these ethnic groups. This study considered both the shared and distinct spiritual identities of Black and White Adventists, as cultivated by the music in …

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Entering The Aquatic Environment From Wastewater Treatment Works: A Cause For Concern?, Sean Comber, Mike Gardner, Pernilla Sörme, Dean Leverett, Brian Ellor

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Low Levels Of Microplastics (Mp) In Wild Mussels Indicate That Mp Ingestion By Humans Is Minimal Compared To Exposure Via Household Fibres Fallout During A Meal., Ana I. Catarino, Valeria Macchia, William G. Sanderson, Richard C. Thompson, Theodore B. Henry

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Microplastics (MPs) are the most numerous debris reported in marine environments and assessment of the amounts of MPs that accumulate in wild organisms is necessary for risk assessment. Our objective was to assess MP contamination in mussels collected around the coast of Scotland (UK) to identify characteristics of MPs and to evaluate risk of human exposure to MPs via ingestion of mussels. We deployed caged mussels (Mytilus edulis) in an urbanised estuary (Edinburgh, UK) to assess seasonal changes in plastic pollution, and collected mussels (Mytilus spp and subtidal Modiolus modiolus) from eight sampling stations around Scotland to enumerate MP types …

Recreational Visits To Marine And Coastal Environments In England: Where, What, Who, Why, And When?, Lewis R. Elliott, Mathew P. White, James Grellier, Siân E. Rees, Ruth D. Waters, Lora E. Fleming

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Functional Diversity Mediates Macroecological Variation In Plant–Hummingbird Interaction Networks, Pk Maruyama, J Sonne, J Vizentin-Bugoni, González Am Martín, Tb Zanata, S Abrahamczyk, R Alarcón, Ac Araujo, Fp Araújo, Ac Baquero, E Chávez-González, Ag Coelho, Pa Cotton, Dm Dehling, E Fischer, G Kohler, C Lara, Fmg Las-Casas, Ao Machado, Cg Machado, Ma Maglianesi, Ts Malucelli, Oh Marín-Gómez, Pe Oliveira, Jf Ornelas, R Ortiz-Pulido, Mb Ramírez-Burbano, Ma Rocca, Lc Rodrigues, L Rosero-Lasprilla, Am Rui, B Sandel, Jc Svenning, Ba Tinoco, Ig Varassin, S Watts, C Rahbek, M Sazima, M Schleuning, B Dalsgaard

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Aim: Species interaction networks are known to vary in structure over large spatial scales. We investigated the hypothesis that environmental factors affect interaction network structure by influencing the functional diversity of ecological communities. Notably, we expect more functionally diverse communities to form interaction networks with a higher degree of niche partitioning. Location: Americas. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Hummingbirds and their nectar plants. Methods: We used a large dataset comprising 74 quantitative plant–hummingbird interaction networks distributed across the Americas, along with morphological trait data for 158 hummingbird species. First, we used a …

Espeletia Giant Rosette Plants Are Reliable Biological Indicators Of Time Since Fire In Andean Grasslands, Ma Zomer, Pm Ramsay

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature Páramo grasslands in the tropical Andes are fire-prone ecosystems and an understanding of their fire ecology is fundamental to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. Fire registers are normally impractical in these remote, cloud-covered landscapes, but Espeletia giant rosette plants have been proposed as biological indicators of time since fire in páramos. Espeletia giant stem rosettes tolerate fire well, protecting apical buds in at the heart of their leaf rosettes, and for some species, germination is known to be enhanced by fire. As the plant grows, its dead leaves remain attached …

Exploring Public Views On Marine Litter In Europe: Perceived Causes, Consequences And Pathways To Change, Bonny L. Hartley, Sabine Pahl, Joana Veiga, Thomais Vlachogianni, Lia Vasconcelos, Thomas Maes, Tom Doyle, Ryan D'Arcy Metcalfe, Ayaka Amaha Öztürk, Mara Di Berardo, Richard C. Thompson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Marine litter is a global challenge and society plays an important role via lifestyles and behaviour, including policy support. We analysed public perceptions of marine litter and contributing factors, using data from 1133 respondents across 16 European countries. People reported high levels of concern about marine litter, and the vast majority (95%) reported seeing litter when visiting the coast. The problem was attributed to product and packaging design and behaviour rather than lack of facilities or accidental loss of items. Retailers, industry and government were perceived as most responsible, but also least motivated and competent to reduce marine litter, whereas …

Turning The Tide On Trash: Empowering European Educators And School Students To Tackle Marine Litter, Bonny L. Hartley, Sabine Pahl, Matthew Holland, Iro Alampei, Joana M. Veiga, Richard C. Thompson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Marine litter is a global environmental problem, and working with educators and school students has much potential to facilitate greater public understanding of the solutions and to enable action. This research examined two new educational activities designed to empower European educators and school students to engage with the topic of marine litter, particularly focusing on behavior and on known determinants of behavior rather than knowledge alone. In Study 1, 120 educators participated in an online training course on marine litter, and completed a pre- and post-course questionnaire to assess change. After participating in the course, educators felt significantly more skillful …

Indications Of Future Performance Of Native And Non-Native Adult Oysters Under Acidification And Warming, Anaëlle J. Lemasson, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Stephen Fletcher, Samuel Provstgaard-Morys, Antony M. Knights

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Globally, non-native species (NNS) have been introduced and now often entirely replace native species in captive aquaculture; in part, a result of a perceived greater resilience of NSS to climate change and disease. Here, the effects of ocean acidification and warming on metabolic rate, feeding rate, and somatic growth was assessed using two co-occurring species of oysters – the introduced Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (formerly Crassostrea gigas), and native flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Biological responses to increased temperature and pCO₂ combinations were tested, the effects differing between species. Metabolic rates and energetic demands of both species were increased by …

The Effects Of Elevated Co2 On Shell Properties And Susceptibility To Predation In Mussels Mytilus Edulis, Daniel E. Sadler, Anaëlle J. Lemasson, Antony M. Knights

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

For many species, ocean acidification (OA) is having negative physiological consequences on their fitness and resilience to environmental change, but less is known about the ecosystem effects of these changes. Here, we assess how OA conditions predicted for 2100 affects the biological functioning of an important habitat-forming species Mytilus edulis and its susceptibility to predation by a key predator, the gastropod Nucella lapillus. Change in three physiological parameters in Mytilus were assessed: (1) shell thickness and cross-sectional surface area, (2) body volume and (3) feeding rate, as well as susceptibility to predation by N. lapillus. Shell thickness and cross-section area, …

Use Of Memantine In Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report, Adam Schindzielorz Md, Kristina Bryant-Melvin Md, Suzanne Holroyd Md, Kelly Melvin Md

Psychiatry

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of varying severity and phenotypic expression that is characterized by persistent deficits in social relatedness, communication skills, and interfering repetitive behaviors. Associated behavioral pathology can include inattention, aggression, irritability, hyperactivity, anxiety, and self-injury. Currently, FDAapproved treatments exist to treat secondary symptoms but not core symptomatology. The etiology of autism and other ASD is thought to be multifactorial but is not well understood. Some studies suggest that glutamate excitotoxicity may play a role in the pathogenesis of ASD. Memantine, an NMDAreceptor antagonist, could potentially address core symptoms in ASD by targeting disease-specific pathophysiology. …

The Legal Foundations Of White Supremacy, Erika K. Wilson

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on a very important part of white supremacy — the legal foundations of white supremacy. The central thesis of this paper is that American law has historically played a vital role in constructing white supremacy. While America has eliminated overt race-conscious laws that favor whites, the law continues to play a critical role in maintaining white supremacy today. Unless and until we commit to understanding the history of the law in constructing white supremacy and the ways in which modern iterations of law continue to perpetuate white supremacy, white supremacy will remain an enduring feature of American …