Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Smoking On Short-Term Outcomes In Patients With Cancer, Kim Anne Pickett

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The adverse effects of smoking have been widely promulgated for several decades through several research studies, culminating in the hallmark Surgeon General’s Report (United States Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2014). The 2014 Surgeon General’s Report (SGR) concluded that smoking leads to numerous adverse effects in patients with cancer, including poor wound healing, increased post-operative pain, increased side effects from cancer treatment, and increased cancer-specific and all-cause mortality (USDHHS, 2014). However, extant literature is less well defined regarding the effect smoking has on response to both cancer treatment and treatment-related toxicities (USDHHS, 2014). Despite the benefits of smoking …

Pkc-Dependent Phosphorylation Of Munc18a At Ser313 In Activated Rbl-2h3 Cells, Pratikshya Adhikari, Hao Xu

Faculty Publications

Protein Kinase C (PKC) regulates the release of pro-inflammatory compounds from IgE/antigen-activated mast cells by unknown mechanisms. In this study, we show for the first time that PKC inhibitor Ro-03-0432, which inhibits RBL-2H3 exocytosis/degranulation in a concentration-dependent fashion, prevents the phosphorylation of membrane fusion factor Munc18a at Ser 313. Our study provides fresh evidence that PKC-dependent protein phosphorylation may contribute to the intricate regulation of mast cell degranulation by directly targeting the fusion factors.

Aminoglycosides Rapidly Inhibit Nad(P)H Metabolism Increasing Reactive Oxygen Species And Cochlear Cell Demise, Danielle E. Desa, Michael G. Nichols, Heather Jensen Smith

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Despite causing permanent hearing loss by damaging inner ear sensory cells, aminoglycosides (AGs) remain one of the most widely used classes of antibiotics in the world. Although the mechanisms of cochlear sensory cell damage are not fully known, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are clearly implicated. Mitochondrial-specific ROS formation was evaluated in acutely cultured murine cochlear explants exposed to gentamicin (GM), a representative ototoxic AG antibiotic. Superoxide (O2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured using MitoSOX Red and Dihydrorhodamine 123, respectively, in sensory and supporting cells. A 1-h GM exposure significantly increased O2·- formation in IHCs and increased H2O2 formation in …

Freedom And Formlessness: Ben Lerner’S 10:04 And The Affective Historical Present, Ralph Clare

English Literature Faculty Publications and Presentations

This essay argues, via Henri Bergson and Gilles Deleuze, that in distinction to a neoliberal notion of time that overlooks the present moment and past experience, Ben Lerner’s 10:04 posits the existence, in both its form and content, of a kind of freedom not imminent to or beyond the endless presentism and debt-mortgaged non-future of neoliberal time but one that is immanent to and within it. The novel does so by stressing the way in which the actual, lived present, if properly attended to, gives rise to a virtual future containing multiple potentialities that have yet to be realized. What …

Pulse 003

Pulse Magazine Archive

No abstract provided.

Eugenic Ideology And The Institutionalization Of The ‘Technofix’ On The Underclass, Ann G. Winfield

Education Faculty Publications

This scenario for the twenty-first century, in which China assumes world domination and establishes a world eugenic state, may well be considered an unattractive future. But this is not really the point. Rather, it should be regarded as the inevitable result of Francis Galton’s (1909) prediction made in the first decade of the twentieth century, that “the nation which first subjects itself to rational eugenical discipline is bound to inherit the earth” (p. 34)” (Lynn, 2001 p. 320).

Inter-Vendor Reproducibility Of Left And Right Ventricular Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Feature-Tracking, Roman Johannes Gertz, Torben Lange, Johannes Tammo Kowallick, Sören Jan Backhaus, Michael Steinmetz, Wieland Staab, Shelby Kutty, Gerd Hasenfuß, Joachim Lotz, Andreas Schuster

Journal Articles: Cardiology

AIM: Since cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature-tracking (CMR-FT) has been demonstrated to be of incremental clinical merit we investigated the interchangeability of global left and right ventricular strain parameters between different CMR-FT software solutions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: CMR-cine images of 10 patients without significant reduction in LVEF and RVEF and 10 patients with a significantly impaired systolic function were analyzed using two different types of FT-software (TomTec, Germany; QStrain, Netherlands). Global longitudinal strains (LV GLS, RV GLS), global left ventricular circumferential (GCS) and radial strains (GRS) were assessed. Differences in intra- and inter-observer variability within and between software types based on …

Novel Antioxidant Properties Of Doxycycline, Dahn L. Clemens, Michael J. Duryee, Cleofes Sarmiento, Andrew Chiou, Jacob D. Mcgowan, Carlos D. Hunter, Sarah L. Schlichte, Jun Tian, Lynell W. Klassen, James R. O'Dell, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Ted R. Mikuls, Matthew C. Zimmerman, Daniel R. Anderson

Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology

Doxycycline (DOX), a derivative of tetracycline, is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that exhibits a number of therapeutic activities in addition to its antibacterial properties. For example, DOX has been used in the management of a number of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation. One potential mechanism by which DOX inhibits the progression of these diseases is by reducing oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting subsequent lipid peroxidation and inflammatory responses. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that DOX directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits the formation of redox-mediated malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) protein adducts. Using a cell-free system, we demonstrated that DOX scavenged reactive oxygen …

The Body Disordered: Diagnosing The Philippine Nation In José Rizal’S Noli Me Tángere (1887), Azariah Alfante

Decimonónica

José Rizal (1861-1896) was a Philippine nationalist, writer, and physician, whose status as national hero is manifest in the mandatory study of his works in educational institutions across the Philippine archipelago since the enactment of the nationalist Rizal Law (Republic Act No. 1425) on 12 June 1956 (Francia, “José Rizal” 44-45). Joan Torres Pou describes Rizal as a “médico oftalmólogo, licenciado en Filosofía y Letras, políglota, filólogo, antropólogo, escritor, agricultor, liberal, asimilacionista, independentista y masón” (7). In his profile of the Filipino polymath, however, Torres Pou omits a salient dimension of Rizal’s identity: his Catholic religion. Although during his life …

The View From Ventress - 2018, University Of Mississippi. College Of Liberal Arts

Liberal Arts Newsletters

Cover Story: Home of the Brave. As military veterans arrive on campus, the University of Mississippi—one of only four SEC institutions designated a Purple Heart Campus by the National Order of the Purple Heart—welcomes them with resources and assistance.

Responsive Regulation And Resiliency: The Renewable Fuel Standard And Advanced Biofuels, Nadia B. Ahmad

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Recorded Objects: Time Based, Technologically Reproducible Art, 1954-1964, Gerald J. Hartnett

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Illuminating experimental, time-based, and technologically reproducible art objects produced between 1954 and 1964 to represent “the real,” this dissertation considers theories of mediation, ascertains vectors of influence between art and the cybernetic and computational sciences, and argues that the key practitioners responded to technological reproducibility in three ways. First of all, writers Guy Debord and William Burroughs reinvented appropriation art practice as a means of critiquing retrograde mass media entertainments and reportage. Second, Western art music composer Richard Maxfield mobilized chance techniques and indeterminacy to resist scientific and philosophical determinism’s pervasive influences upon post-1945 art and life. Third, author and …

Persistence Of Long-Lived Memory B Cells Specific To Duffy Binding Protein In Individuals Exposed To Plasmodium Vivax, Siriruk Changrob, Amy M. Mchenry, Myat Htut Nyunt, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Eun-Taek Han, John H. Adams, Patchanee Chootong

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Faculty Publications

The major challenge in designing a protective Duffy binding protein region II (DBPII)-based vaccine against blood-stage vivax malaria is the high number of polymorphisms in critical residues targeted by binding-inhibitory antibodies. Here, longevity of antibody and memory B cell response (MBCs) to DBL-TH variants, DBL-TH2, -TH4, -TH5, -TH6 and -TH9 were analyzed in P. vivax-exposed individuals living in a low malaria transmission area of southern Thailand. Antibody to DBL-TH variants were significantly detected during P. vivax infection and it was persisted for up to 9 months post-infection. However, DBL-TH-specific MBC responses were stably maintained longer than antibody response, at …

Biom 4110/6110: The Science Of Medicine (Syllabus), Bradford D. Pendley

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Course Description: Integration of fundamental principles from physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, and applications of these principles to solve problems in medicine.

Medicine@Yale February/March 2018 Volume 14, Issue 1, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Surface Activity Of Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Coated Silver Nanoparticles In The Presence Of A Lipid Monolayer, Nasim Ganji, Iftheker A. Khan, Geoffrey D. Bothun

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

We have investigated the surface activity of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag-PEG) in the presence or absence of lipid monolayers comprised of monounsaturated dioleoylphosphocholine and dioleoylphosphoglycerol (DOPC/DOPG; 1:1 mol ratio). Dynamic measurements of surface pressure demonstrated that Ag-PEG were surface-active at the air/water interface. Surface excess concentrations suggested that at high Ag-PEG subphase concentrations, Ag-PEG assembled as densely packed monolayers in the presence and absence of a lipid monolayer. The presence of a lipid monolayer led to only a slight decrease in the excess surface concentration of Ag-PEG. Surface pressure–area isotherms showed that in the absence of lipids Ag-PEG …

A Magnetically Responsive Biomaterial System For Flexibly Regulating The Duration Between Pro- And Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Deliveries, Anita E. Tolouei, Nihan Dügler, Rosa Ghatee, Stephen Kennedy

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

While inflammation can be problematic, it is nonetheless necessary for proper tissue regeneration. However, it remains unclear how the magnitude and duration of the inflammatory response impacts regenerative outcome. This is partially due to the difficulty in temporally regulating macrophage phenotype at wound sites. Here, a magnetically responsive biomaterial system potentially capable of temporally regulating macrophage phenotypes through sequential, on‐demand cytokine deliveries is presented. This material system is designed to (i) rapidly recruit proinflammatory macrophages (M1) through initial cytokine deliveries and (ii) subsequently transition macrophages toward anti‐inflammatory phenotypes (M2s) through delayed, magnetically triggered cytokine release. Here, the ability of this …

Preliminary Understanding Of Complexities In Swimming Performance Of Common Minnow (Cyprinidae) Taxa, Crystal Nichols, Austin Smith, Stephen Huelsman, Cara Schemmel, Jason C. Doll, Stephen J. Jacquemin

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Understanding swimming performance of native freshwater fishes has implications for ecology, conservation, and management. In particular, this type of information has practical importance for improving the understanding of fish dispersal, occurrence, migration, and invasive potential. The objective of this study was to characterize swimming performance of 2 taxa from the comparatively understudied minnow family (Cyprinidae) and test for potential drivers as a function of total length, sex, habitat, morphology, or some combination. The study assessed Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera; n = 66) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus; n = 24) populations from an ontogenic range of male and …

Tribute To Professor Paul Giannelli, Erin E. Murphy

Faculty Articles

Tribute to Professor Giannelli and his work in expert and forensic evidence.

The Legacy Of Multics And Secure Operating Systems Today, John Schriner

Publications and Research

This paper looks to the legacy of Multics from 1963 and its influence on computer security. It discusses kernel-based and virtualization-based containment in projects like SELinux and Qubes, respectively. The paper notes the importance of collaborative and research-driven projects like Qubes and Tor Project.

Skunk River Review 2016-2018, Bryanna Thompson, Joseph Wellman, Amy Eldridge, Savannah Maynard, Ashlee Osier, Elizabeth Petersen, Deann Irlmeier, Ashlee Klimpel, Zachary Walther

Skunk River Review

No abstract provided.

Baseline Patient Characteristics Associated With Response To Biologic Therapy In Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis Enrolled In The Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry., Philip Mease, Chitra Karki, Mei Liu, Arthur Kavanaugh, Christopher T Ritchlin, Doquyen Hoa Huynh, Jacqueline B Palmer, Jeffrey D Greenberg

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Objectives: To compare baseline characteristics between patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who achieved and did not achieve minimal disease activity (MDA) with biologic therapy in the US-based Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry.

Methods: Patients with PsA aged ≥18 years enrolled between March 2013 and March 2016 who were receiving biologics at enrolment (baseline), not in MDA and had ≥2 follow-up visits were included. Patients were classified as those who remained on their index biologic and achieved MDA at the second follow-up visit (MDA achievers (MDA-A)) and those who did not (MDA non-achievers (MDA-NA)). Demographics, clinical characteristics, patient-reported outcomes and medication history …

Ankeny Academic Achievement Center 1975-2013, Sue Wickham

Special Topic Papers

No abstract provided.

Hidden Hunger: Solutions For America’S Aging Populations, Manfred Eggersdorfer, Ucheoma Akobundu, Regan L. Bailey, Julie Shlisky, Amy R. Beaudreault, Gilles Bergeron, Robert B. Blancato, Jeffrey B. Blumberg, Megan W. Bourassa, Filomena Gomes, Gordon Jensen, Mary Ann Johnson, Douglas Mackay, Keri Marshall, Simin Nikbin Meydani, Katherine L. Tucker

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The global population, including the United States, is experiencing a demographic shift with the proportion of older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) growing faster than any other age group. This demographic group is at higher risk for developing nutrition-related chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes as well as infections such as influenza and pneumonia. As a result, an emphasis on nutrition is instrumental for disease risk reduction. Unfortunately, inadequate nutrient status or deficiency, often termed hidden hunger, disproportionately affects older adults because of systematic healthcare, environmental, and biological challenges. This report summarizes the unique nutrition challenges facing the …

Nebraska Revised Statutes: Selected Provisions Pertaining To Child Welfare, Juvenile Justice, And Vulnerable Adults, 2018 Edition, Kathryn A. Olson

Center on Children, Families, and the Law (and Related Organizations): Publications

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Duty and Power of DHHS Regarding the Protection of Children 1 (Sections 43-707 and 43-708)

II. General Social Services Provisions 2 (Sections 68-1202 through 68-1212 and 85-2501)

III. Family Policy and Family Finding 7 (Sections 43-532 through 43-534; and Sections 43-2201 through 43-2209)

IV. Child Protection and Family Safety Act (includes Alternative Response provisions) 11 (Sections 28-710 through 28-727 and 81-3136)

A. Child Abuse Mandatory Reporting Provisions 11 (Sections 28-710 through 28-717)

B. Central Registry of Child Protection Cases 16 (Sections 28-718 through 28-727, and 81-3136)

V. Child Abuse and Neglect Investigation and Treatment Teams 21 …

Investigating Genetic (In)Compatibility Between Temperate Phages And Crispr-Cas Systems In Staphylococcus Aureus, Gregory W. Goldberg

Student Theses and Dissertations

Prokaryotic organisms employ various mechanisms for defending against parasitism by viruses and other mobile genetic elements. One form of defense comprises the adaptive immune systems derived from clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci and CRISPR-associated (cas) genes. CRISPR-Cas immune systems enable the acquisition of heritable resistance to specific mobile genetic elements on the basis of nucleic acid sequence recognition, but do not necessarily discriminate between target elements which are burdensome and those which are beneficial. My thesis is concerned with the consequences of CRISPR-Cas immunity directed at a particular breed of bacterial DNA viruses, known as temperate phages, …

Netrin Guides Spinal Commissural Axons To The Midline At Long Range Through The Receptors Dcc And Neogenin, Sze Sing Shaun Teo

Student Theses and Dissertations

During neurodevelopment, commissural axons are guided to the ventral midline in a remarkably precise and stereotyped way. Netrin, a secreted laminin-related protein, provides the major attractive cue for midline guidance. It is thought to act at long-range, functioning either in solution (chemotaxis) or bound to surfaces (haptotaxis). A gradient of Netrin-1 along the dorsal-ventral axis of the spinal cord is thought to attract commissural axons to the midline, with the floor plate being a major source of diffusible Netrin. However, this view has recently been challenged. To address this controversy and determine what role, if any, floor plate-derived Netrin-1 plays …

Characterizing Human Transfer Rnas By Hydro-Trnaseq And Par-Clip, Tasos Gogakos

Student Theses and Dissertations

The participation of tRNAs in fundamental aspects of biology and disease necessitates an accurate, experimentally confirmed annotation of tRNA genes, and curation of precursor and mature tRNA sequences. This has been challenging, mainly because RNA secondary structure and nucleotide modifications, together with tRNA gene multiplicity, complicate sequencing and read mapping efforts. To address these issues, I developed hydro-tRNAseq, a method based on partial alkaline RNA hydrolysis that generates fragments amenable for sequencing. To identify transcribed tRNA genes, I further complemented this approach with Photoactivatable Crosslinking and Immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) of SSB/La, a conserved protein involved in pre-tRNA processing. My results show …

Control Of Salmonella Virulence By Microbiota-Derived And Dietary Fatty Acids, Zhenrun J. Zhang

Student Theses and Dissertations

The intestinal microbiota plays critical roles in human physiology and diseases. While recent research has revealed many mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences host immunity to defend against invading pathogens, how microbiota directly antagonizes pathogen virulence is less studied. In particular, gut microbiota produces large amounts and varieties of small molecules that may impact both host immunity and pathogen virulence. In this thesis, I describe how fatty acids, derived from both gut microbiota and diet, contribute to attenuation of virulence of enteric pathogen Salmonella. In Chapter 1, I review how dietary and microbiota metabolites affect different aspects of host-microbe interactions. …

Biological Consequences Of Atypical Phage Conversion In Gram-Positive Pathogens, Douglas R. Deutsch

Student Theses and Dissertations

Temperate bacteriophage have a complex, dynamic relationship with bacteria: parasitizing in the lytic cycle, but often increasing bacteria's fitness as lysogens. The phage-bacteria relationship is vast and has evolved over more than an estimated three billion years, and there are likely many uncharacterized, intricate events between host and phage with important impacts on bacterial pathogenesis. This Thesis explores some of these lesser-studied phage-bacteria interactions, describing atypical mechanisms ("conversion events") by which phage shape the populations of Bacillus anthracis and Staphylococcus aureus, driving their increased diversity and likely impacting their natural behaviors. In B. anthracis, phage contributions to virulence are largely …