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The Inkwell, Armstrong State University

The Inkwell

No abstract provided.

The George-Anne, Georgia Southern University

The George-Anne

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The Empathy Mitigation: Empathy And Its Impact On Pain Perception And Altruistic Motivation, Amanda Daly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Empathy and its impact on pain perception has been studied narrowly with the focus being on participants receiving empathy during a pain procedure. This study reversed the focus and ran a standard cold pressor test (CPT) in the context of an empathy frame structured to elicit an empathic response for others from participants. It was hypothesized that the group receiving the empathic frame would have longer CPT times due to alterations in pain perception from empathy activation and these subjects’ self-reported state-trait empathy level would positively correlate with the increased times. 85 subjects participated with a control group of 43 …

Vertical Distribution And Diurnal Migration Of Atlantid Heteropods, Deborah Wall-Palmer, Brett Metcalfe, Melanie J. Leng, Hilary J. Sloane, Gerald Ganssen, P. N. Vinayachandran, Christopher W. Smart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

© Inter-Research 201 Understanding the vertical distribution and migratory behaviour of shelled holoplanktonic gastropods is essential in determining the environmental conditions to which they are exposed. This is increasingly important in understanding the effects of ocean acidification and climate change. Here we investigated the vertical distribution of atlantid heteropods by collating data from publications and collections and using the oxygen isotope (? 18 O) composition of single aragonitic shells. Data from publications and collections show 2 patterns of migration behaviour: small species that reside in shallow water at all times, and larger species that make diurnal migrations from the surface …

Exploratory Survey For The Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus Planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), And Its Natural Enemies In China, Houping Liu, Leah S. Bauer, Ruitong Gao, Tonghai Zhao, Toby R. Petrice, Robert A. Haack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

An exploratory survey for the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, and its natural enemies was conducted in China during October and November 2003. We examined 29 field plots in six provinces. We visually inspected living Fraxinus chinensis, F. mandshurica, F. pennsylvanica, F. rhynchophylla, and F. velutina then peeled off the bark in search of A. planipennis and associated natural enemies. We found active A. planipennis infestations in nine of the 29 field plots, including plots in the provinces of Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and the provincial level city of Tianjin. Signs of past A. planipennis infestations were found …

Host And Habitat Use By Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Of House Fly And Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae, D. L. Olbrich, B. H. King

The Great Lakes Entomologist

House fly and stable fly pupae were collected during the summer from a dairy farm in northern Illinois. Spalangia nigroaenea accounted for most of the parasitoids recovered from house flies. Spalangia nigra, S. endius, Muscidifurax spp., and S. nigroaenea accounted for most of the parasitoids from stable flies. The majority of flies were house flies late in the summer and stable flies early in the summer. Higher percentages of house flies tended to be in samples containing lower substrate moisture and higher substrate temperature. Parasitism of stable flies started earlier and peaked weeks before that of house flies, with overall …

Egg Production In The Boxelder Bug Boisea Trivittata (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae), Karin A. Grimnes, Deborah Miller, Aaron J. Wyman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Boxelder bug females emerged from overwintering sites in the spring and rapidly provisioned eggs with yolk materials. Five discrete egg stages were identified based on egg size, protein content, and degree of chorion sclerotization. Females did not accumulate yolk materials into the egg until after melanization was completed, as unmelanized animals rarely possessed even stage 2 eggs. All adult females entering overwintering sites possessed only immature stage eggs (stage 1 and 2). The rate of egg vitellogenesis in the spring was rapid; a major change in numbers of more mature stage eggs (stage 3 and above) in the ovary occurred …

Feeding Records Of Caterpillars (Lepidoptera) From Wisconsin Prairies And Savannas, Andrew H. Williams

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Basic to our understanding of any animal and its habitat requirements is knowing what it eats. Presented here are feeding observations of 18 species of caterpillars encountered in Wisconsin prairies and savannas over 1992-2002. These food plants are previously unreported for these insects.

Biology Of Diastrophus Nebulosus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) And Its Parasitoid/Inquiline Complex In Galls On Rubus Flagellaris (Rosaceae), H. C. Gordinier

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rubus flagellaris patches occasionally harbor colonies of compound stem- galls initiated by the cynipid, Diastrophus nebulosus. These isolated colonies host a parasitoid/inquiline complex made up of five principal and three incidental chalcidoid species and one cynipid inquiline. Over 1-2 seasons, parasitoid/inquiline infestation reduced primary host populations to lows of 2-0% in some colonies. Despite heavy parasitism in most colonies, dispersal of D. nebulosus out of infested colonies resulted in a survival rate of 22%. Among parasitoids, a new species, Eurytoma rubrigalla, was revealed along with new records for Eupelmella vesicularis and an unidentified Habrocytus species. Immature stages and life …

Simultaneous Parasitism Of Field-Collected Green Cloverworm, Hypena Scabra (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae By Endoparasitioids And An Entomopathogenic Fungus, Daniel M. Pavuk, Charles E. Williams

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The impacts of entomopathogens (e.g., fungi, bacteria, protists and viruses) on larval Lepidoptera and their associated insect parasitoids have been examined in laboratory studies but field studies of interaction between these two mortality factors are rare. We present field observations of concurrent insect parasitism and fungal disease infection in larvae of the green cloverworm, Hypena scabra, a sporadic pest of soybean (Glycine max) in North America. We reared ten parasitoid species from H. scabra larvae during our three-month study. Three parasitoid species were dominant and overlapped the period of infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi: Aleiodes nolophanae, Cotesia …

Sticky Exudates On The Inflorescences Of Cirsium Discolor (Asteraceae) And Penstemon Digitalis (Scrophulariaceae) As Possible Defense Against Seed Predators, Patricia A. Thomas

The Great Lakes Entomologist

From 1982 through 1987, I investigated whether sticky exudates released by Cirsium discolor and Penstemon digitalis in their inflorescences provide defense against seed predators. I tested two hypotheses: 1: Exudates directly deter seed predators, and 2: Insects struggling in exudates attract predatory arthropods that remain and defend the inflorescences against seed predators. These hypotheses predict that neutralizing the stickiness will increase seed predation (by allowing access to more seed predators, or by decreasing the number of predatory arthropods attracted), and therefore decrease successful seed production. Results did not support either hypothesis, with no increase in seed predators (nor decrease in …

Sprinkler Irrigation As A Management Practice For Bemisia Tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) In Cotton Fields, Ibrahim Gencsoylu, Fuat Sezgin

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Field experiments were conducted in 1999 and 2000 to investigate the effect of irrigation method on populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and natural enemies in cotton fields in Aydın Province, Turkey. Two irrigation methods, sprinkler and border, were studied each year. All plots were irrigated during different phenological periods including initial bloom, boll initiation, 50% boll filling and 5-10% boll opening stages. Irrigation methods and periods significantly affected whitefly populations. Densities of B. tabaci were significantly reduced in sprinkler-irrigated plots compared to border-irrigated plots in 2000 but not in 1999. Irrigation methods did not affect the population of natural enemies. …

Behavioral Differences Between Two Recently Sympatric Paper Wasps, The Native Polistes Fuscatus And The Invasive Polistes Dominulus, Stephanie A. Silagi, George J. Gamboa, Carrie R. Klein, Melissa A. Noble

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Polistes dominulus (Christ), an old world paper wasp, was introduced into the eastern United States in the 1970s and has been rapidly spreading westward. Recently, it has displaced the native Polistes fuscatus (F.) in at least some areas of Michigan. In order to understand why P. dominulus has been so successful, several behavioral attributes were compared between P. dominulus and P. fuscatus at a Michigan field site that contained colonies of both species nest- ing semi-naturally in plywood nestboxes.

Preworker colonies of P. dominulus had a significantly greater tendency to store nectar (and had significantly higher proportions of cells with …

Arthropods Associated With Purple Loosestrife In Illinois Wetlands, J. Dylan Maddox, Robert N. Wiedenmann

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We estimated and described the arthropod fauna on purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) plants in northeastern Illinois wetlands. A total of 1063 individual arthropods were collected—930 insects and 133 arachnids. The av- erage number of arthropods ranged from 19.00 to 86.75 individuals per loos- estrife plants of a single root crown. We collected individuals from twenty-five families representing 8 orders of insects. Miridae, Anthocoridae, Lygaeidae, Cicadellidae, and Aphididae were each represented by at least 50 individuals. Three orders and ten families were found that had not been previously reported as occurring on purple loosestrife, but many of these taxa were represented …

Evaluation Of Minnesota Geographic Classifications Based On Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Data, David C. Houghton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The ability to partition the variation of faunal assemblages into homogenous units valuable for biomonitoring is referred to as classification strength (CS). In this study, the CSs of three types of geographic classifications: watershed basin, ecological region, and caddisfly region, were compared based on 248 light trap samples of adult caddisflies collected in Minnesota during 1999–2001. The effect on CS of three different levels of taxonomic resolution: family, genus, and species, was also assessed. Primary (broadest possible) a priori classification by watershed basin and ecological region had a lower CS than did secondary classification by these regions. Caddisfly region, an …

The Terrestrial Isopod Hyloniscus Riparius (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Trichoniscidae) In Wisconsin, Joan Jass, Barbara Klausmeier

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We examined seasonal reproductive patterns for the terrestrial isopod Hyloniscus riparius in Wisconsin. Samples collected from habitats in three Wisconsin regions were compared with regard to the reproductive status of population members. We also recorded differences in sex ratio and stage of female gravidity in all samples. Males were a minority in all samples. Southern samples showed the greatest reproductive capacity based on the proportion of females that were found to be gravid.

Factors Affecting Capture Rates Of Insect Taxa By Retail Electrocutors And Eliminators In Northern Lower Michigan, Joel T. Heinen, Joseph Reznik, Sarah Hill, Jennifer Kostrzewski, Anya Maziak

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We compare the abundance and types of insects captured at several locations, with and without a chemical attractant and in varying weather conditions using two different devices advertised to kill biting insects. Using both an insect electrocutor that uses ultraviolet light as an attractant, with and without octenol as an added attractant, and an insect eliminator that uses carbon dioxide, heat and octenol as attractants, more non-biting than biting insects were captured. Numerous harmless and beneficial insects were killed with electrocutors. Although eliminators were more target-specific, they captured fewer insects overall compared to electrocutors. The numbers and types of insects …

The Distribution And Prevalence Of The Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) In Illinois, J. G. Lundgren, K. L. Steffey, R. N. Wiedenmann

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Surveys were made in 2001 and 2002 to determine the distribution and prevalence of the alfalfa blotch leafminer, Agromyza frontella (Diptera: Agromyzidae), and its primary parasitoids, Dacnusa dryas and Chrysocharis liriomyzae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae and Eulophidae, respectively), in Illinois. We collected 239 samples from alfalfa fields in the alfalfa-producing regions of Illinois. Samples from each site consisted of 20 cut stems and 10 sets of 10 sweeps in 2001, and 40 stems and 10 sets of 20 sweeps in 2002. Each trifoliate was examined for mining and pinholing injury, and the number of adult A. frontella, D. dryas, and C. …

Gene Flow Between Great Lakes Region Populations Of The Canadian Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio Canadensis, Near The Hybrid Zone With P. Glaucus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Aram D. Stump, F.A. H. Sperling, Amber Crim, J. Mark Scriber

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Papilio canadensis were sampled from three locations on either side of Lake Michigan to study gene flow near and through a butterfly hybrid zone. Allele frequencies at four polymorphic enzyme loci, as indicated by allozyme electrophoresis, were similar in all samples. Values for FST were close to zero, indicating that gene flow is high among these populations, even when separated by Lake Michigan. We developed a mitochondrial DNA marker with diagnostic differences between P. canadensis and its parapatric sister species Papilio glaucus, based on PCR-RFLP. P. glaucus haplotypes of this mtDNA marker and P. glaucus alleles of a diagnostic …

Updated Conservation Status Of Protected Minnesota Caddisflies, David C. Houghton, Ralph W. Holzenthal

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Seven of the 13 Minnesota Trichoptera species with official protected status were located in the state during 1997-2001, including four species – Agapetus tomus, Asynarchus rossi, Hydroptila novicola, and Polycentropus milaca – not collected in nearly 40 years. Three species – Chilostigma itascae, Oxyethira ecornuta, and Polycentropus milaca – appear rare in Minnesota, two – Agapetus tomus and Asynarchus rossi – appear rare but locally abundant, and two – Hydroptila novicola and Oxyethira itascae – were found throughout northern Minnesota suggesting that they are more abundant than previously thought. Five listed species were not collected during this study and …

Predation By Achaearanea Tepidariorum (Araneae: Theridiidae) On Anoplophora Glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Wm. Dean Morewood, Kelli Hoover, James C. Sellmer

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Anoplophora glabripennis is a large wood-boring cerambycid beetle that has recently invaded North America and Europe from Asia. We discovered the common house spider, Achaearanea tepidariorum, in large cages housing A. glabripennis on trees and confirmed the ability of A. tepidariorum to prey upon adult A. glabripennis by placing the two species together within smaller containers where they could be more easily observed. Adult A. glabripennis, up to 600% of the spiders’ body length, exceed the maximum relative size of prey previously reported for A. tepidariorum or for solitary webbuilding spiders in general.

Attack Of Urophora Quadrifasciata (Meig.) (Diiptera: Tephritidae) A Biological Control Agent For Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Maculosa Lamarck) And Diffuse Knapweed (C. Diffusa Lamarck) (Asteraceae) By A Parasitoid, Pteromalus Sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) In Michigan, Ronald F. Lang, Jane Winkler, Richard W. Hansen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Urophora quadrifasciata (Meig.) a seedhead fly released in North America for biological control of Centaurea maculosa and C. diffusa is parasitized by a Pteromalus sp. Parasitism up to 60% of U. quadrifasciata was found in samples of seed heads of C. maculosa and C. diffusa collected from 54 of the 59 counties sampled in Michigan and in one sample of C. maculosa seed heads from Hennepin County, Minnesota. Parasitism of U. quadrifasciata has rarely been reported.

Host Range Extension For Chlorochlamys Chloroleucaria (Geometrinae, Geometridae) To Include Eriogonum Alatum (Polygonaceae), Kathleen H. Keeler, George J. Balogh

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Chlorochlamys chloroleucaria (Guenée) is a common moth of eastern North America, recorded from Nova Scotia south to Cuba and Mexico and as far west as Manitoba, the Black Hills of South Dakota, Wyoming and central Colorado (Boulder and El Paso counties) (Ferguson 1985).

Voltinism And Laboratory Rearing Of Microvelia Hinei (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Veliidae), Steven J. Taylor, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Voltinism in Microvelia hinei was studied in southern Illinois during 1989 and 1990. This species apparently overwintered as adults, which became active in late April; adults were last collected in late September. First instars were found from mid-May to late June, second instars from early-May to late October, third instars from mid-May to mid-July, fourth instars from mid-May to mid-August, and fifth instars from mid-May to mid-August. The sequences of peaks of nymphal instars and adults indicate that this species is at least bivoltine in southern Illinois. This species was reared from egg to adult at 26.7 ± 0.6°C and …

The Justinian

The Justinian

No abstract provided.

Is It Possible To Make Environmental Science Relevant To Society At-Large?, Adam Rosenblatt

Showcase of Faculty Scholarly & Creative Activity

Over the last five U.S. presidential election cycles, public concern about environmental issues has seemingly declined while concerns about national security and economic issues have remained steady or increased. These changes in public attitudes have been associated with decreased attention to environmental issues amongst policymakers, a situation that contrasts strongly with the 1970s when public concern about environmental issues was high and environmental legislation was a U.S. federal government priority. “Framing” has been pro-posed as a tool that environmental scientists could use to increase the relevancy of their research to U.S. society at-large, thereby helping to change public attitudes and …

Investigating Peroxiredoxins Impact On Amps, Noah Earland

SMU Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Orr-Radyuk lab is interested in understanding the link between aging and genetic influences controlling the cell’s redox state, as determined by enzymes involved in reducing and oxidizing (redox) reactions. They have observed that Drosophila normally exhibit a shift towards a pro-oxidizing cellular environment and spikes in AMP levels, independent of infections, when they reach old age. Additionally, peroxiredoxins (PRXs), a family of thiol-dependent peroxidases, have been shown to impact lifespan, and regulate the same pro-oxidizing shift seen in advanced age. Beyond their peroxidase functions, RXRs can also interact with signaling pathways related to immunity. Previous data showed that PRXs …

Letter From The Editor, Manqi Shi

SMU Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

“I Didn’T Even Think Of This”: Examining The Influence Of Student Disability Accommodation Training On Basic Course Instructors’ Attitudes And Self-Efficacy, Jillian A. Joyce

Basic Communication Course Annual

Despite the growing number of students with disabilities in the university setting, few resources are offered to teach instructors about specific disabilities or provide direction for how to accommodate these students. This study used quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the influence of accommodation training on basic communication course graduate teaching assistants’ attitudes and self-efficacy regarding students with disabilities. The training used attribution theory as a lens to examine stuttering, a stigmatized disability that can uniquely affect the basic course classroom, and explore the logistical requirements for accommodating students in postsecondary education. This study used pretest and posttest data from …

Ethics And Euthanasia, Nicole Marie Kasman

Biology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

Illness is never easy to deal with and death is even harder whether it be for the patient, the patient's family, or the physician. Add into that, cases of sever and/or long-term suffering and people can begin wondering what there is to live for. Our animal companions have been able to escape pain via euthanasia for some time now but that same option is not generally available for their human counterparts. A suggested option for our terminally in is physician-assisted suicide. This has been met with a large amount of opposition, partly due to fear of promoting suicide, partly due …