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Spatial Synchrony In Wisconsin Karner Blue (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Populations, Scott R. Swengel, Ann B. Swengel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We analyzed geographic patterns of Karner blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis Nabokov, Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) population fluctuations in summer broods in central and northwestern Wisconsin and spring+summer broods in central Wisconsin. We removed possible effects of population trends by analyzing residuals from a regression of each site’s population index vs. year. We then calculated correlation coefficients (r) of these residuals for all site-pairs separately for 1992- 2005 (26 sites, N = 325 site-pairs), 1995-2005 (21 sites, N = 210), and 1998-2005 (14 sites, N = 91). We analyzed patterns in these r values relative to distance between sites using correlations vs. distance …

Hippodamia Variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Detected In Michigan Soybean Fields, Mary M. Gardiner, Gary L. Parsons

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Since its initial detection near Montreal, Canada in 1984, the variegated lady beetle Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) has spread throughout the northeastern United States. In 2005, this immigrant Old World species was detected in Michigan for the first time. Twenty-nine adults were found in soybean fields in 4 counties: Ingham, Gratiot, Kalamazoo, and Saginaw.The first individuals were found in Gratiot County on 22 June 2005; we continued to detect individuals until 18 Aug 2005 (2 individuals collected in Saginaw Co.) when sampling ended. Prior to this study, H. variegata had not been known to prey on the soybean aphid, Aphis …

Effects Of Different Habitats On The Productivity Of The Native Paper Wasp Polistes Fuscatus And The Invasive, Exotic Paper Wasp P. Dominulus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), George J. Gamboa, Julie A. Austin, Kimberley M. Monnet

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We examined the colony productivities of the native paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus (Fab.),(Hymenoptera: Vespidae), and the invasive, exotic paper wasp, P. dominulus (Christ), in oak forest, oak forest-old field ecotone, and old field habitats at the Oakland University Preserve in Rochester, Michigan from 2003 to 2005. Both species of paper wasps exhibited significant differences in colony productivity among the three habitats. Generally, colonies were the most productive in the old field habitat and the least productive in the oak forest habitat.

Colonies of P. dominulus were significantly more productive than comparable colonies of P. fuscatus in all three habitats. There …

Indian Meal Moth Survivability In Stored Corn With Different Levels Of Broken Kernels, Nalladurai Kaliyan, Mario A. Carrillo, R. Vance Morey, William F. Wilcke, Colleen A. Cannon

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Survivability of Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepi-doptera: Pyralidae), larvae fed a standard laboratory diet and whole corn with 0, 5 to 7, and 100% broken corn kernels, was assessed under laboratory conditions at 28o C, 65% relative humidity, and 14:10 h (L:D) photoperiod. A conventional yellow dent corn hybrid (about 3.9% oil content, dry basis) and a high-oil corn hybrid (about 7.7% oil content, dry basis) were tested. Survivability was measured as the percentage of pre-pupae, pupae, and adults observed at the end of the rearing period. For the standard laboratory diet, a mean of 97.5% larvae survived. …

Evaluation Of Lucerne Cover Crop For Improving Biological Control Of Lyonetia Clerkella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) By Means Of Augmenting Its Predators In Peach Orchards, Jie Dong, Xiaoyun Wu, Changxin Xu, Qingwen Zhang, Xiaohua Jin, Jianyun Ding, Sufeng Liu, Yongxiang Wang

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The impact of cover crop manipulation on reducing reliance upon insecticides to control Lyonetia clerkella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae), a major insect pest on peach trees, was assessed in two-year field experiments in China. Studies were conducted in three peach orchards, each with four treatments. The treatments were lucerne cover crop (L), lucerne cover crop plus limited applications of chlorbenzuron on the trees (L+L), natural ground vegetation (NG), and natural ground vegetation plus conventional applications of chlorbenzuron (NG+C). Densities of L. clerkella and predators were assessed for all treatments. L. clerkella densities were significantly lower in the two insecticide treatments (L+L, …

New Wisconsin Records For Cyclocephala Lurida (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Nadine L. Kriska, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cyclocephala lurida Bland (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is a dynastine scarab beetle previously unknown from Wisconsin. Two specimens, one male and one female, were found on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus. A third specimen was recovered from a blacklight trap in southwestern Wisconsin. Although establishment in the state remains open to question, this species is of potential economic concern as larvae are capable of causing significant damage to lawns, turfgrass, and crops.

Notes On Incidence And Biology Of The Predominant Parasitoids Attacking The Cottonwood Leaf Beetle In Minnesota, Alexander P. Kendrick, Kenneth F. Raffa, Steven J. Krauth, Norman E. Woodley

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Populations of the cottonwood leaf beetle, Chrysomela scripta Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Minnesota were examined for the presence of parasitoids over a period of two years. Field samples of larvae and pre-pupae yielded two parasitoids: a tachinid fly, Cleonice setosa (Reinhard), and a pteromalid wasp, Schizonotus sieboldi (Ratzeburg). Incidence of parasitism by the tachinid was substantially higher than in previous reports, with 32.9% of third instar larvae and 81.4% of pre-pupae being parasitized. The pteromalid was present in 7.0% of pre-pupae. Both parasitoids were reared to adulthood in the laboratory, with the pteromalid exhibiting continued generations, but the tachinid completing …

First Ontario, Canada Record Of The Water Boatman Hesperocorixa Lobata (Hemiptera: Corixidae), Stephen W. Chordas Iii, Eric G. Chapman

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Documentation of the true bugs (Hemiptera) of Canada and the United States is an ongoing effort (Henry and Froeschner, 1988; Maw et al., 2000). Maw et al. (2000) listed 12 species of water boatmen belonging to the genus Hesperocorixa for Canada. Ontario has the greatest diversity of this genus with all 12 species listed for the Province. In 2004, we collected Hesperocorixa lobata (Hungerford) (Hemiptera: Corixidae), a new record for Ontario.

First New World Record For Badonnelia Titei (Insecta: Psocoptera: Sphaeropsocidae), Edward L. Mockford

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Badonnelia titei Pearman (Psocoptera: Sphaeropsocidae) was found in a laboratory building at Soldotna, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. This is the first Western Hemisphere record of this domestic (i.e. dwelling in human habitations) species. The history of knowledge of this species is reviewed.

Gomphus Fraternus (Odonata: Gomphidae) A New Missouri State Record, Jane C. Walker

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A male Gomphus fraternus (Say) (Odonata: Gomphidae) was vouchered from the Meramec River at Castlewood State Park, St. Louis, County, Missouri on 7 June 2005. The collection of this specimen is a new state record for Missouri and represents a significant range extension south and westward for this species.

Non-Target Feeding By Galerucella Calmariensis On Sandbar Willow (Salix Interior) In Illinois, Robert N. Wiedenmann

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L., is an introduced Eurasian perennial herb that has been in North America since the early 1800s (Thompson et al. 1987). Purple loosestrife has been considered a serious threat to the integrity of North American wetlands (Thompson et al. 1987, Blossey et al. 2001a). L. salicaria has been the target of a significant North American project using biological control to combat it (Malecki et al. 1993, Blossey et al. 2001a).

The Crane-Fly Tipula (Tipula) Oleracea (Diptera: Tipulidae) Reported From Michigan; A New Pest Of Turfgrass In Eastern North America., Jon K. Gelhaus

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The subgenus Tipula (Tipula) is an Old World group with two introduced species in North America, the European Crane Fly, Tipula (T.) paludosa Meigen and T. (T.) oleracea Linnaeus, sometimes called the Common Crane Fly (Oosterbroek, 2005). Tipula paludosa is better known in North America, long established in the Pacific Northwest (Jackson 1975) and Canadian Maritimes provinces (Alexander 1962), more recently in California (Umble and Rao 2004, S. Gaimari, California Dept. Food and Agriculture, pers. comm.). It is a leading insect pest of turf grass and pastures in these areas, including infesting

Abundance Of Coccinellids And Their Potential Prey In Field-Crop And Grass Habitats In Eastern South Dakota, Louis S. Hesler, Robert W. Kieckhefer, Michael M. Ellsbury

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A rich fauna of coccinellids occurs in eastern South Dakota, but the abundance of some species has declined in association with the establishment of an exotic lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), in the mid-1980s. In this study, coccinellids were sampled within field-crop and grass habitats in eastern South Dakota from 1990 to 1995 to survey for various coccinellid species and to determine any effects of habitat management on abundance. Field crops (maize, wheat-alfalfa intercrop, and alfalfa) were subjected to high, intermediate, or low crop-management intensity (CMI), and grass habitats were managed for stands of warm season, cool season, …

A New Species Of Pediobius (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Parasitizing Chyliza Apicalis (Diptera: Psilidae) In Ash Trees Attacked By Agrilus Planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Michael W. Gates, Houping Liu, Leah S. Bauer, Michael E. Schauff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Pediobius chylizae, spec. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), is described as new and illustrated. This parasitoid has been reared from the puparia of Chyliza apicalis Loew (Diptera: Psilidae) collected from under the bark of ash trees (Oleaceae: Fraxinus spp.) dying after attack by the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleptera: Buprestidae), an invasive beetle from Asia. This species is compared with related species of Pediobius from the Holarctic Region.

Linkages Between The Phenologies Of Jack Pine (Pinus Banksiana) Foliage And Jack Pine Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Beresford L. Cadogan, Roger D. Scharbach, Robert E. Krause, Linda S. Sloane, John A. Studens

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A field study conducted in 2001 and 2002 in the Michigan Upper Peninsula investigated seasonal associations between the development of jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb., and larvae of the jack pine budworm Choristoneura pinus Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). There was almost no active relationship between post-diapause emerging second instars and elongation of vegetative shoots. Early instars were not closely synchronized with the flushing of current-year needle fascicles, which is required to optimize larval feeding. How- ever, there were close feeding and shelter relationships between early instars and year-2 pollen cone development. Associations with, and larval damage to, year-2 seed cones were …

Distribution Of Crotalomorphidae And Podapolipidae (Acari: Heterostigmata), Ectoparasites Of Stenolophus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) In North America, Robert W. Husband, David O. Husband

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Eutarsopolipus elzingai Husband (Tarsonemoidea: Podapolipidae), parasitic on Stenolophus comma (Fabricius) and Stenolophus lecontei (Chaudoir) (Co- leoptera: Carabidae) is reported from southern Canada and the United States from Oregon to Maine and from Michigan to North Carolina. Eutarsopolipus brevichelus Husband and Husband is distributed east of the Rocky Mountains in southern Canada and in the United States from Colorado to Virginia and from Michigan to Louisiana. Crotalomorpha camini Lindquist and Krantz is reported from Kansas and Nebraska east to Massachusetts and from Michigan to Arkansas. Hosts for E. brevichelus and C. camini are S. lecontei and S. comma. Stenolophus fuliginosus (Dejean) …

Scarab Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Associated With Pocket Gophers In Wisconsin, Nadine Kriska, Kerry Katovich

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A survey of nonparasitic arthropods inhabiting pocket gopher burrows in Wisconsin was undertaken from 1998 through 2002, representing the first survey of its kind for the Great Lakes region. Six scarab species were collected during this survey, all of which represented new state records at the time of collection. Observations for each species, including diagnostic remarks, seasonality, distribution, and natural history information are provided. Background information on pocket gophers, with an emphasis on the Wisconsin species, Geomys bursarius, is also provided.

Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) Of Wisconsin, Kerry Katovich, Nadine L. Kriska, Andrew H. Williams, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The first comprehensive faunal survey of the carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Wisconsin is presented. Six genera and 14 species are recorded from the state, including a new state record, Heterosilpha ramosa (Say). Nicrophorus americanus Olivier was not recovered during this study. An annotated checklist includes species-specific geographical and temporal distributions, remarks on foods and habitat, and counties of specimen collections for each species.

Observations On The Overwintering Potential Of The Striped Cucumber Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) In Southern Minnesota, R. L. Koch, M. A. Carrillo, E. C. Burkness, W. D. Hutchison

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The striped cucumber beetle, Acalymma vittatum (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is an important pest of cucurbit crops. However, the overwinter- ing capacity of this pest in temperate regions is poorly understood. In this study, the in-field survival of A. vittatum was examined during three consecutive winters. In addition, the supercooling points of A. vittatum were determined as an index of cold hardiness for adults. During each winter, the survival of adults decreased significantly through time, with no individuals surviving until spring. By comparing the supercooling points and in-field survival of adults to soil temperatures, it appears that winter temperatures in Minnesota …

Tomicus Piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Reproduction And Development In Scots, Jack, Red And Eastern White Pine Under Laboratory Conditions, Hui Ye, Robert A. Haack, Toby R. Petrice

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is an exotic bark beetle in North America that was first found in the Great Lakes region in 1992. We evaluated T. piniperda reproduction and development in one Eurasian pine (Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L.) and three North American pines (jack pine, P. banksiana Lamb.; red pine, P. resinosa Ait.; and eastern white pine, P. strobus L.) under laboratory conditions. We introduced one pair of adults into individual pine bolts, allowed development, collected brood, and later debarked all bolts and measured galleries. Reproduction and development occurred in all pine species tested. …

Social Behavior In A Herd Of Captive Male Giraffes, Patrick Ziarnowski, Kaidi Fenrich

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Giraffes (Giraffa spp.) are a common feature of zoological institutions, where conditions differ from those of the wild, a reality that may cause behavioral changes. A recent management technique has been to house all-male herds in zoos that have not been selected for giraffe breeding, with breeding confined to certain zoos. To date, no studies have looked at social behavior in captive herds comprised exclusively of males. In a herd of one adult (named Emba) and two subadult male giraffes (named Rafiki and Gage), the dominant adult giraffe, Emba, demonstrated sociosexual behavior—apparent courtship, investigation, and flehmen responses—almost exclusively …

Preventing Introductions To Sustain Healthy Ecosystems: Establish Eradication Protocols For A Popular Aquarium Seaweed, Julie Deslauriers

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Aquarium release, a vector that introduces non-native species, recently caused the costly invasion of the green macroalga (seaweed) Caulerpa taxifolia along the Californian, Mediterranean, and Australian coasts. C. taxifolia was classified by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as one of the world's 100 worst invasive species and cost California over $7 million to control with black tarps and chlorine bleach. Since the incident, educational efforts at conferences and conventions have influenced more than 50% of surveyed hobbyists to switch to another green macroalga, Chaetomorpha, as their primary alga in their saltwater tanks. C. taxifolia and Chaetomorpha …

The Impact Of Crown Conch On Intertidal Oyster Populations In Mosquito Lagoon, Casey Craig, Courtney Buck, Chelsea Landau, Jordan Filipponi

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Commercial oyster harvesters in Florida have long complained that the Florida crown conch Melongena coronais in competition with them for harvestable-sized eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Harvesters also suggest that crown conch, rather than overharvesting, has led to a large decline in oyster populations. To determine the role of M. corona on oysters in Mosquito Lagoon, we must first better understand the biology and ecology of M. corona., and to comprehend crown conch biology in Mosquito Lagoon along the east coast of central Florida, we conducted a three-part experiment in Canaveral National Seashore (northern Mosquito Lagoon). Specifically, …

Mathematical Modeling In Law And Political Science: Learning From Public Health, William Butler

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper provides an overview of mathematical modeling in public health policy and recommends the teaching of mathematical models in other fields, like law and undergraduate political science studies. First, I describe various facets of public health in terms of their scope and goals. The complex nature of public health lends way to a description of mathematical modeling and the role it can serve. Various mathematical solution concepts are also provided, including the SIR model, reproductive number, and game theory. Finally, I explain why knowledge of simple models is beneficial for students in pre-professional programs in law and political science. …

Parks As Places Of Public Solace: The Perception Of Parks After 9/11, Ryan Hammond

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper investigates the utilization and public perception of parks in New York City following the 9/11 attacks, using a quantitative content analysis of local newspapers published within a year of the attack, specifically looking for themes indicating how parks were perceived and used. My preliminary findings indicate that parks were frequently used for large gatherings and memorials, that people found solace in the parks themselves, and that communities either formed or strengthened through use of parks following the attacks. In conclusion, the creation and promotion of large common green areas in urban spaces may serve as a means of …

Small Mammal Response To The Gunnison's Prairie Dog Reintroduction, Melissa Ariella Paduani

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

The Gunnison's Prairie Dog (GPD, Cynomys gunnisoni) is an herbivorous, burrowing rodent that was extirpated from the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge in the 1930's by ranchers to make land available for grazing livestock. Currently, the GPD is the subject of a long-term reintroduction experiment overseen by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The burrowing and feeding habits of the GPD influences an ecosystem's biotic and abiotic factors significantly, making this species a keystone ecosystem engineer that plays a vital role creating heterogeneous mosaics of habitat. Their presence is correlated with diverse biological communities and maintenance of grassland ecosystems. To better …

When Moms Say Bad Words: Family And Peer Influence On The Frequency Of Swearing, Emily Simpson, Joshua Duarte, Brianna Bishop

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Swearing is taboo in modern culture. Even though this habit is deemed negative, many people continue to swear frequently every day. The purpose of this study is to determine who exerts the most influence on one's swearing habits: one's family or one's peers? Seven hundred and sixty-three university students were asked via survey who (mother, father, siblings, friends, or peers) swore most frequently during their upbringing. These questions were compared through linear regression to measure participants' level of swearing. We anticipated that peers would have a more significant impact on one's swearing frequency. However, we found that an individual's mother …

Determining Tidal Elevations In Dry Elements Within A Coastal Salt Marsh Model, Martin Coleman

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

An integrated hydrodynamic/marsh biomass model is a useful tool for analyzing multiple hydrologic activities on a shoreline. A key component of this type of model is the location of local tidal elevations. During astronomic tide simulations, nodes in the finite element mesh are either wet or dry. At nodes that are continuously wet during the simulation, tidal elevations are computed from ADCIRC-2DDI (ADvanced CIRCulation) output. In areas that are intermittently wetted, tidal constituents cannot be determined using ADCIRC because the drying of nodes leaves a gap in the water-level time series. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method can be …

Positive Outcomes Of Divorce: A Multi-Method Study On The Effects Of Parental Divorce On Children, Grant W. Mohi

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Previous literature on parental divorce focuses on the negative effects it has on children and young adults in terms of relationships (romantic and familial) and academic standing. The implications of such research are that parental divorce brings harm to families and, consequentially, should be avoided for the sake of the children's wellbeing. What is often missing from this research is a focus on the potential positive outcomes of parental divorce. The current study explores the effects of parental divorce on young adults' ability to form and maintain romantic relationships, exploring the possibility for positive outcomes of parental divorce on young …

"On That Day We Will Be Free": Reflecting Women's Real Experiences In Joanna Russ's The Female Man And Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, Victoria A. League

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

The feminist speculative fiction novels The Female Man (1975) by Joanna Russ and The Handmaid's Tale(1986) by Margaret Atwood mirror the real world by reflecting women's experiences. Speculative fiction, an umbrella genre that includes science fiction, fantasy, and magical realism, explores our world by discussing other worlds. Themes and events in each novel's fictional world reveal aspects of today's world, and the depictions and conditions of women in the novels illuminate heterosexist norms. Specific and clear parallels can be drawn between reality and these science fiction stories, showing that the novels critique and comment on our world's treatment of …