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2018

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Phenotyping And Sorting Of Synthetic Cells: Building Bridge From Spectroscopy To Genetics, Ma Bo, Xu Jian Nov 2018

Phenotyping And Sorting Of Synthetic Cells: Building Bridge From Spectroscopy To Genetics, Ma Bo, Xu Jian

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In synthetic biology, the dazzling methodological innovations in sequencing, editing and synthesis of genomes have resulted in an unprecedented capability in "design and manufacturing of genotype". On the other hand, "testing of cellular phenotype and function" has increasingly become one major bottleneck. Single-cell technologies have tremendous implications and potentials in rapid testing of cellular function. However, ideally, such single-cell methods should allow non-invasive live-cell probing, be label-free, provide landscapelike phenotyping capability, distinguish complex functions, operate with high speed, sufficient throughput and low-cost, and finally, be able to couple with downstream omics analysis via cell sorting. In this perspective article, we …


Genome Design And Engineering Construction, Xue Xiaoli, Qin Zhongjun Nov 2018

Genome Design And Engineering Construction, Xue Xiaoli, Qin Zhongjun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Synthetic biology by using engineering ideas to design and construct new biological genomes is the research hotspot in recent years. The de novo synthesis of the prokaryotic Mycoplasma natural minigenome and further design and construction of the minimal genome, the continuous genome deletion of the prokaryotic model organism E. coli and the genome-wide codon simplification design and synthetic test, as well as the artificial design and synthesis tests of the eukaryotic model Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome have achieved great success and greatly promoted our understanding of life. Although the research on the genomes design and engineering construction in China started late, …


Current Situations And Perspectives Of Industrial Applications Of Synthetic Biology, Zeng Yan, Zhao Xingang, Zhou Ju Nov 2018

Current Situations And Perspectives Of Industrial Applications Of Synthetic Biology, Zeng Yan, Zhao Xingang, Zhou Ju

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Biosynthesis of chemicals through synthetic biology can partially relieve the dependence on petroleum resources. With the development of synthetic biology technology, the capabilities of constructing microbial cell factories for production of chemicals have been greatly improved. Development of new engineered strains and new bioprocess can replace the traditional manufacturing process, decrease the energy cost and pollution, and improve the producing capabilities of traditional fermentation industry. In this review, key factors and representative cases for constructing microbial cell factories and multi-enzyme molecular machines to produce chemicals were summarized. The future of industrial applications of synthetic biology were also discussed.


Progress Of Synthetic Biology Research In Medical Applications, Cui Jinming, Wang Liwei, Chang Zhiguang, Zang Zhongsheng, Liu Chenli Nov 2018

Progress Of Synthetic Biology Research In Medical Applications, Cui Jinming, Wang Liwei, Chang Zhiguang, Zang Zhongsheng, Liu Chenli

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the field of medical applications, synthetic biology researchers design genetic circuits to modify human cells, or to modify synthetic organisms such as bacteria and viruses and make them interact with the human body. These artificially designed organisms are capable of perceiving disease-specific signals or artificial signals, targeting abnormal cells and foci, expressing reporter molecules or releasing therapeutic drugs, thus enabling the monitoring of human physiological conditions and the diagnosis and treatment of typical diseases such as tumors, metabolic diseases, and drug-resistant bacteria infections. This article will comprehensively describe some recent research progress.


Synthetic Biology For Production Of Plant-Derived Natural Products, Dai Zhubo, Wang Yong, Zhou Zhihua, Li Shengying, Zhang Xueli Nov 2018

Synthetic Biology For Production Of Plant-Derived Natural Products, Dai Zhubo, Wang Yong, Zhou Zhihua, Li Shengying, Zhang Xueli

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Plant-derived natural products (PNPs) have been widely used in pharmaceutical and neutracuetical fields. Currently, extracting PNPs from their original plants is the main method to produce them. However, this extracting method is environmentally unfriendly, unsafe, and inefficient. Based on synthetic biology, construction of artificial cell factories for production of PNPs provides an alternative way. In this review, we focus on research progress for microbial production of terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids to give a brief introduction of construction of artificial cell factories for production of PNPs.


Engineering Platforms For Synthetic Biology Research, Cui Jinming, Zhang Bingzhao, Ma Yingfei, Fu Xiongfei, Wang Meng, Liu Chenli Nov 2018

Engineering Platforms For Synthetic Biology Research, Cui Jinming, Zhang Bingzhao, Ma Yingfei, Fu Xiongfei, Wang Meng, Liu Chenli

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the field of synthetic biology research, the massive scale of trial-and-error experiments in engineering goes far beyond the traditional labor-intensive research paradigm, so it needs a transformative engineering research platform. With the introduction of various types of intelligent equipment to meet the production needs, engineering platforms carry out a large-scale of customization and research paradigm innovation, to realize the remote customization, offsite design, and economic scale production of organisms. Engineering platforms can accumulate experience and knowledge quickly, and serve as the scientific basis for the predictive synthesis of organisms. This article will introduce some cases and development trends of …


Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 19, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies Nov 2018

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 19, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.


A Phenomenological Narrative Study: Elementary Charter Principals' Role As An Instructional Leader, Ahmet F. Cetinkaya Nov 2018

A Phenomenological Narrative Study: Elementary Charter Principals' Role As An Instructional Leader, Ahmet F. Cetinkaya

School Leadership Review

The National Alliance for Public Charter Schools (NAPCS) (2013) defined charter schools on the company website as "independent public schools allowed freedom to be more innovative, while being held accountable for improved student achievement" (p. l ). Although there might be differences in their structures depending on state charter school laws and agreement between their authorizers, charter schools have been shown to have more flexibility in their educational programs and management styles in comparison with traditional public schools.


Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 12, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies Nov 2018

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 12, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.


Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 5, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies Nov 2018

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (November 5, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.


Mobile Social Media In Inter-Organizational Projects: Aligning Tool, Task And Team For Virtual Collaboration Effectiveness, Yali Zhang, Jun Sun, Zhaojun Yang, Ying Wang Nov 2018

Mobile Social Media In Inter-Organizational Projects: Aligning Tool, Task And Team For Virtual Collaboration Effectiveness, Yali Zhang, Jun Sun, Zhaojun Yang, Ying Wang

Information Systems Faculty Publications

Inter-organizational projects face unique challenges and opportunities due to team diversities and task complexity. Mobile social media like WhatsApp and WeChat emerge as new-generation collaboration tools in such endeavors. Based on a literature review, this study posits that how well team-tool, task-tool and team-task relationships are handled shape virtual collaboration effectiveness. The conceptual framework, validated with the interviews from inter-organizational project team members in China and the USA, leads to a research model. The results of a larger-scale survey confirm that tool usability, task fit and team connectivity contribute to virtual collaboration effectiveness, which affects project management success and team …


The Impact Of Salesperson Look-Brand Personality Congruence On Brand Affect, Heekyung Lee, Youjae Yi Oct 2018

The Impact Of Salesperson Look-Brand Personality Congruence On Brand Affect, Heekyung Lee, Youjae Yi

Asia Marketing Journal

Branded service encounters, in which various aspects of frontline employees are strategically aligned with the firm’s brand positioning, can be achieved along several dimensions such as employee appearance, manner, and personality. While previous research has mainly focused on behavioral traits of employees, this research examines the employee’s physical appearance in association with the brand personality trait across two studies. Study 1 shows that salesperson look-brand personality congruence enhances brand affect by inducing positive affect. Specifically, a brand-congruent look of a salesperson increases positive affect among customers by confirming their prior expectations about what a salesperson of a certain brand should …


Mapping The Terrain: An Indonesian Business Perspective Of The Asean Economic Community, Marko S. Hermawan, Lena Choong Oct 2018

Mapping The Terrain: An Indonesian Business Perspective Of The Asean Economic Community, Marko S. Hermawan, Lena Choong

The South East Asian Journal of Management

Research Aims - This paper focuses on the institutions that the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) project will affect. By employing institutional logics theory, this study scrutinizes academics and business practitioners as institutions and the cultural context embedded within them. Methodology - A mixed method of newspaper data analysis and semi-structured interviews was used to obtain comprehensive data from both sources. Research findings - The findings suggest a definite orientation gap between business practitioners, associations, and academics—the three groups have less information and contributions compared with the government and association influences. This study concludes that more participation is needed from these …


Cseas Weekly Bulletin (October 29, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies Oct 2018

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (October 29, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.


Lake Surface Water Temperature Change Over The Tibetan Plateau From 2001 To 2015a Sensitive Indicator Of The Warming Climate, W. Wan, L. Zhao, H. Xie, B. Liu, H. Li, Ying Cui, Yan Ma Oct 2018

Lake Surface Water Temperature Change Over The Tibetan Plateau From 2001 To 2015a Sensitive Indicator Of The Warming Climate, W. Wan, L. Zhao, H. Xie, B. Liu, H. Li, Ying Cui, Yan Ma

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a significant role in the Earth's climate system. This letter examines the nighttime lake surface water temperature (LSWT) of 374 lakes (≥10 km 2 each) over the TP for the past 15 years (2001–2015). An overall warming trend (0.037 °C/year) is found and it is consistent with the warming air temperature (0.036 °C/year) over the TP, with the vast majority of the lakes (70%, with 28% of which are significant) showing warming (0.076 °C/year) and the rest (30%, with 37% of which are significant) showing cooling (−0.053 °C/year). This astonishing contrast was controlled by different …


Horizon Scanning: Survey And Research Priorities For Coastal And Marine Systems Of The Northern Channel Islands, California, Mary G. Gleason, Jennifer E. Caselle, Chris Caldow, Russell Galipeau, Walter Heady, Corinne Laverty, Annie Little, David Mazurkiewicz, Eamon O'Byrne, Dirk Rosen, Stephen Whitaker Oct 2018

Horizon Scanning: Survey And Research Priorities For Coastal And Marine Systems Of The Northern Channel Islands, California, Mary G. Gleason, Jennifer E. Caselle, Chris Caldow, Russell Galipeau, Walter Heady, Corinne Laverty, Annie Little, David Mazurkiewicz, Eamon O'Byrne, Dirk Rosen, Stephen Whitaker

Western North American Naturalist

Historical marine ecology provides information on past ocean conditions and community structure that can inform current conservation and management. In an era of rapid global ocean changes, it is critical that managers and scientists ensure sufficient documentation of past and present conditions of resources they manage or study. Documenting, archiving, and preserving historic and contemporary data will provide their colleagues in the future with more information to make robust science-based management decisions. Using a workshop approach, we identified research and archiving priorities to enhance documentation of the past and present conditions of coastal and marine ecosystems of the northern Channel …


Cseas Weekly Bulletin (October 22, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies Oct 2018

Cseas Weekly Bulletin (October 22, 2018), Center For Southeast Asian Studies

CSEAS Bulletin

No abstract provided.


Strengthening Ecological And Health Hazards Study Of Marine Microplastics And Promoting Risk Regulatory And Control Capacities, Xu Xiangrong, Sun Chengjun, Ji Rong, Wang Juying, Wu Chenxi, Shi Huahong, Luo Yongming Oct 2018

Strengthening Ecological And Health Hazards Study Of Marine Microplastics And Promoting Risk Regulatory And Control Capacities, Xu Xiangrong, Sun Chengjun, Ji Rong, Wang Juying, Wu Chenxi, Shi Huahong, Luo Yongming

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the last decade, microplastic pollution in marine environments has aroused great concern of international society. The adverse biological impacts of microplastics on marine biota directly promote the issue of laws to ban the sale or distribution of cosmetics containing synthetic plastic microbeads. However, it is still necessary to find more scientific evidences for the testification of potential harms of microplastics to the ecological and human health in order to take the further action to manage and control the global microplastic pollution. This paper emphasizes that it is urgent to study the ecological and health hazards of marine microplastics. The …


Pay Attention To Research On Microplastic Pollution In Soil For Prevention Of Ecological And Food Chain Risks, Luo Yongming, Zhou Qian, Zhang Haibo, Pan Xiangliang, Tu Chen, Li Lianzhen, Yang Jie Oct 2018

Pay Attention To Research On Microplastic Pollution In Soil For Prevention Of Ecological And Food Chain Risks, Luo Yongming, Zhou Qian, Zhang Haibo, Pan Xiangliang, Tu Chen, Li Lianzhen, Yang Jie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Marine microplastic pollution considered as an emerging environmental problem has been highly recognized worldwide. Comparatively, no such attention has been paid on soil microplastic pollution especially in agricultural land. This paper reviews research progress in sources, accumulation, degradation, transport, and potential risks in eco-environment and food chain, and suggests relevant countermeasures in governance and research. It is also pointed out that microplastics may enter into the agricultural soils through various sources and pathways, including agricultural film breaking, organic manure application, water irrigation, sewage sludge utilization, atmospheric deposition, and surface runoff, and then accumulate in surface layer, while animal and possibly …


Countermeasurces On Control Of Plastic Litter And Microplastic Pollution, Deng Yixiang, Lei Kun, An Lihui, Liu Ruizhi, Wang Liping, Zhang Jiaxu Oct 2018

Countermeasurces On Control Of Plastic Litter And Microplastic Pollution, Deng Yixiang, Lei Kun, An Lihui, Liu Ruizhi, Wang Liping, Zhang Jiaxu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The microplastic pollution is becoming a hot topic at home and abroad recently. Most of the microplastics in the environment comes from the decomposition of the plastic blocks, so it is essential to control the plastic litter to sovle the problem of microplastic pollution. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the present management system of the plastic litter, the countermeasures to control the source of plastic litter and microplastic pollution are suggested, including improvement of the legislation on the plastic management, modification and complementation of the related standards, enhancement of the administrative policies, etc. By referring to …


Thoughts On Construction Of Powerful Country In Science And Technology (S & T) And Concurrently Further Understanding "Innovation Is First Driving Force And Talent Is First Resource" From Perspective Of S & T History, Wang Yingjian, Chen Tao Oct 2018

Thoughts On Construction Of Powerful Country In Science And Technology (S & T) And Concurrently Further Understanding "Innovation Is First Driving Force And Talent Is First Resource" From Perspective Of S & T History, Wang Yingjian, Chen Tao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Xi Jinping stressed that development is the first priority, talent is the first resource, and innovation is the first driving force. From the perspective of historical dimension of S & T development, this paper expounds the profound connotation and logical extension on "innovation is the first driving force and talent is the first resource". It is significant and valuable to understand the spiritual essence of the important assertion and to draw lessons from historical experience and wisdom of S & T, meantime to guide innovation practice and promote construction of powerful country in S & T.


Practices And Considerations Of Poverty Alleviation With Scientific And Technological Measures In Kulun County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, Zhang Tonghui, Wang Hongsheng, Han Yongbin Oct 2018

Practices And Considerations Of Poverty Alleviation With Scientific And Technological Measures In Kulun County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, Zhang Tonghui, Wang Hongsheng, Han Yongbin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Kulun County is aided specifically by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) with scientific and technological measures. This study has reviewed the processes, work ways, and some achievements of poverty alleviation works in Kulun County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which has been carried out from 2013 to 2018 by a work-group of CAS. According to targeted-poverty alleviation program, the challenges and problems of scientific and technological assistance in Kulun County has been summarized. It is believed that to set up a development concept to poor farmers, to adopt a properly industry development for the County, and to combine the advantages of …


Microplastic Pollution In Freshwater Environment In China And Watershed Management Strategy, Wu Chenxi, Pan Xiangliang, Shi Huahong, Peng Jinping Oct 2018

Microplastic Pollution In Freshwater Environment In China And Watershed Management Strategy, Wu Chenxi, Pan Xiangliang, Shi Huahong, Peng Jinping

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Microplastic pollution problems in freshwater environment have attracted growing attention from scholars at home and abroad. This work reviewed the research progress on microplastics in freshwater environment in China, analyzed the sources, environmental behavior and fate of microplastics in freshwater environment, and discussed the ecological environment effect of microplastic pollution. Studies showed that microplastic pollution is ubiquitously presented in rivers and lake in China. Microplastics have been detected with abundances up to 10 7 items/km 2 in freshwater, which is higher than those reported from marine environment. Microplastics detected in the freshwater environment showed different shape, size, and color features, …


Analysis Methodologies For Microplastics In Marine Environment: Knowledge And Challenge, Wang Juying, Zhang Weiwei, Mu Jingli, Zhang Shoufeng, Qu Ling, Wang Ying Oct 2018

Analysis Methodologies For Microplastics In Marine Environment: Knowledge And Challenge, Wang Juying, Zhang Weiwei, Mu Jingli, Zhang Shoufeng, Qu Ling, Wang Ying

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Microplastics, plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, have been reported the presence in all oceanic environment compartments and its intrusion in marine species. The current realization of the scale of the problem made the quest for microplastics investigation and analysis methodological consensus. This paper reviews the progress of methodologies used for the sampling, pre-treatment, analyzing, and characterizing of microplastics from the marine environment. The challenges of microplastics analyzing methodology in marine environment lied in representative sampling, automated identification, contamination from airborne fibers, and analysis of nanoplastics. The harmonization of microplastics analyzing methodology is essential to guarantee comparability of different data …


Research On Main Scientific And Technological Indicators Of Science And Technology Power, Zhang Zhiqiang, Tian Qianfei, Chen Yunwei Oct 2018

Research On Main Scientific And Technological Indicators Of Science And Technology Power, Zhang Zhiqiang, Tian Qianfei, Chen Yunwei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

China has set the strategic goals and tasks of accelerating the construction of an innovative country (in the year of 2035) and the world science and technology powerhouse (in the year of 2050). Based on a number of international authoritative indicator systems and reports on national competitiveness and innovation capability evaluation, this study concludes the important and typical scientific indicators. Through horizontal benchmarking analysis on various indicators with the performance of world science and technology powers such as the United States, this study reveals the performance and gaps of China on these various indicators, proposes the quantitative and qualitative targets …


Comprehensive Research And Judgment On China's Eco-Environmental Turning Points, Huang Baorong, Liu Baoyin, Hong Zhisheng, Wang Xin, Fan Jie Oct 2018

Comprehensive Research And Judgment On China's Eco-Environmental Turning Points, Huang Baorong, Liu Baoyin, Hong Zhisheng, Wang Xin, Fan Jie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC, with the strength of eco-environmental protection, the deterioration of eco-environment in China has been curbed to a certain extent, which has led to discussions among decision makers on when China will reach the turning point of eco-environment. The judgement of the turning point is directly related to the eco-environmental protection strategies towards China's two centenary goals. This study redefines the concept of eco-environmental turning point firstly, and then establishes an indicator system and an analysis framework to predict the time that turning point occurs. The results show …


Study On Regional Economic Development Disparity And Its Evolution Between Southern And Northern China, Yang Duogui, Liu Kaidi, Zhou Zhitian Oct 2018

Study On Regional Economic Development Disparity And Its Evolution Between Southern And Northern China, Yang Duogui, Liu Kaidi, Zhou Zhitian

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The principal contradiction faced by Chinese society has evolved. Now it is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life. Among all aspects of the unbalanced development, the unbalance of regional development is one of the most severe problems, which has become the most severe problem of our society in the new era. This study compares and analyzes the GDP and fiscal revenue of the north and south regions of China since 1953, drawing the conclusion that the economic development between south and north regions in China can be divided into four …


Systematic Thinking On Logical System Of Think Tank Research, Pan Jiaofeng, Lu Xiao Oct 2018

Systematic Thinking On Logical System Of Think Tank Research, Pan Jiaofeng, Lu Xiao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As an important part of the national decision-making consulting system, theoretical and methodological think-tank research could contribute to improve the level of think tank research, expand the scope of the questions concerned, and effectively exert its role and functions. This paper views think tank research as the object of investigation, and reflects theoretically on the more general role and characteristics, the principles and logic system, the process and methods, and the evaluation criteria of think tank products, which forms a systematic thinking of the logical system of think tank research.


Long-Term Ecological Research And Experimental Demonstration Provide Theoretical And Technical Support For Adaptive Management Of Alpine Grassland, Cao Guangmin, Lin Li, Zhang Fawei, Li Yikang, Du Yangong, Guo Xiaowei, Li Qian, Qian Dawen, Fan Bo Oct 2018

Long-Term Ecological Research And Experimental Demonstration Provide Theoretical And Technical Support For Adaptive Management Of Alpine Grassland, Cao Guangmin, Lin Li, Zhang Fawei, Li Yikang, Du Yangong, Guo Xiaowei, Li Qian, Qian Dawen, Fan Bo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The traditional theory holds that the extreme climatic environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has created the potential for regional ecosystem sensitivity and vulnerability making it a worldwide problem of ecosystem management, maintenance, and restoration. Haibei Research Station of Alpine Meadow Ecosystem was established by the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Long-term monitoring of ecosystem component revealed the biological mechanism of alpine grassland response to climate change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, explored the succession process of alpine grassland degradation under grazing disturbance, and clarified the biological mechanism of maintaining alpine grassland stability. The adaptive management …


Transnational Vietnamese: Language Practices, New Literacies, And Redefinition Of The “American Dream”, Nguyen Dao Oct 2018

Transnational Vietnamese: Language Practices, New Literacies, And Redefinition Of The “American Dream”, Nguyen Dao

Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement

The research focuses on the transnational literacy and language practices of a Vietnamese immigrant family in Midwestern United States. Drawing upon multiple bodies of contemporary research and conceptual frameworks, this investigation intends to go beyond transnational movements to indicate the complex nature of bi-literate, bilingual and bi-cultural development and the role of national and supranational ideologies, as well as to describe how the Vietnamese diaspora have mobilized their identities and in so doing, redefined the provoking term “the American Dream.”