Digital Commons Network^™

"Burned Out" At Work But Satisfied With One's Job: Anatomy Of A False Paradox, Eric Laurent, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi

Publications and Research

In a recent study of 346 US neurosurgery residents Attenello et al reported that 67% of their participants suffered from burnout. The authors also found that 81% of surveyed residents were satisfied with their career. Attenello et al described their results as paradoxical. We criticize their methodology.

Going Public: How And Why To Develop A Digital Scholarly Identity, Katina Rogers, Lisa M. Rhody, Danica Savonick, Lisa Tagliaferri

Publications and Research

Establishing a meaningful digital identity is essential to managing one’s scholarly and professional reputation. This workshop addresses ways to cultivate an online identity and offers guidance on “going public” using tools and strategies for building a community around your work. Topics include social media, writing for different audiences, personal websites, digital dissertations, and more.

A Systematic Review Of Non-Pharmacological Interventions To Improve Nighttime Sleep Among Residents Of Long-Term Care Settings, Elizabeth Capezuti, Rana Sagha Zadeh, Kevin Pain, Aleksa Basara, Nancy Ziyan Jiang, Ana C. Krieger

Publications and Research

Background: Disturbances in sleep and circadian rhythms are common among residents of long-term care facilities. In this systematic review, we aim to identify and evaluate the literature documenting the outcomes associated with non-pharmacological interventions to improve nighttime sleep among long-term care residents.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guided searches of five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) for articles reporting results of experimental or quasi-experimental studies conducted in long-term care settings (nursing homes, assisted-living facilities, or group homes) in which nighttime sleep was subjectively or objectively measured as a primary outcome. We categorized each intervention …

Master Integrals For Double Real Radiation Emission In Heavy-To-Light Quark Decay, Roberto Bonciani, Alessandro Broggio, Leandro Cieri, Andrea Ferroglia

Publications and Research

We evaluate analytically the master integrals for double real radiation emission in the b → uW* decay, where b and u are a massive and massless quark, respectively, while W* is an off-shell charged weak boson. Since the W boson can subsequently decay in a lepton anti-neutrino pair, the results of the present paper constitute a further step toward a fully analytic computation of differential distributions for the semileptonic decay of a b quark at NNLO in QCD. The latter partonic process plays a crucial role in the study of inclusive semileptonic charmless decays of B mesons. Our …

The Doctoral Dissertation And Scholarly Communication: Adapting To Changing Publication Practices Among Graduate Students, Roxanne Shirazi

Publications and Research

As graduate students begin to publish earlier in their careers, the relationship between the doctoral dissertation and scholarly publishing is evolving. Many students now include their own previously published work in a dissertation, requiring instruction in publication contracts and copyright transfer agreements at the point of submission to the graduate school. There are repercussions to publishing as a graduate student for which our institutions are not well prepared, and to which librarian could apply our expertise. This article briefly reviews the history of dissertation publishing and introduces issues surrounding the use of previously published materials in doctoral dissertations.

Invisible Walls Mapping Residential Segregation In Portland, Katrine Barber

History Faculty Publications and Presentations

In spring 2018, students in a Portland State University (PSU) course set out to understand how barriers to home ownership among families of color — as well as resistance to those barriers — have historical and continuing influence on our city. Over the previous year, a conversation with Ryan Curren of Portland’s Bureau of Planning and Sustainability, who had contacted PSU’s History Department for research assistance, gave rise to the crowdsourcing of deeds holding restrictive covenants, the PSU class described here, and a partnership with the Vanport Mosaic (vanportmosaic.org) — a local nonprofit that works to amplify, honor, and preserve …

Proceedings Of The Cuny Games Conference 4.0: The Interactive Course, Robert O. Duncan, Joe Bisz, Julie Cassidy, Kathleen Offenholley, Maura A. Smale, Carolyn Stallard, Deborah Sturm, Anders A. Wallace, Cuny Games Network

Publications and Research

Proceedings of the CUNY Games Conference, held from January 22-23, 2018, at the CUNY Graduate Center and Borough of Manhattan Community College.

Critical Play with History (Panel) - Composition & Storytelling - Health & Cognitive Sciences - Gaming Anthropology: Teaching Culture and Power Through Games and Design (Panel) - Twine & Writing Games - Easy Ideas II - STEM Games - Global Games for Change Catalog (Panel) - Comics & Active Learning - Fact Checking & Research - Computer Science & Game Design - SimGlobal: Building a Serious Roleplay Course for the Social Sciences (Panel) - Role Playing Games, Narrative, …

When Fatigue Symptoms Are Associated With . . . Fatigue Symptoms, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent

Publications and Research

The study by Gül et al. (2017) is problematic in its conceptualization. We note that while "sluggish cognitive tempo” (SCT) remains an ill-defined entity, the same is true of burnout (e.g., there are no binding or consensual diagnostic criteria for either SCT or burnout). The concomitant use of such constructs is thus unlikely to promote clarity in research. Rather, it tends to escalate confusion.

Burnout Syndrome And Depression, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent

Publications and Research

In this chapter, we proposed an overview of burnout, from the introduction of the construct in the mid-1970s to the growing realization that the syndrome was better conceived of as a depressive condition. Recent studies have shown that the distinction between burnout and depression is problematic, both theoretically and empirically. The history of burnout research suggests that transdisciplinary communication and methodological standards should be strengthened to avoid the proliferation of constructs that, in fact, refer to the same phenomena. Construct proliferation, a transgression of the scientific canon of parsimony, is considered a major problem today because it undermines theory building …

A Neglected Problem In Burnout Research, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent

Publications and Research

Although we share with Eckleberry-Hunt et al. (2018) some of their criticisms regarding the problematic conceptualization of burnout, we are perplexed by the authors’ silence regarding burnout–depression overlap, which is arguably the most troubling problem attached to the burnout construct. The extensive research suggests that burnout reflects a combination of depressive responses. The emotional exhaustion component of burnout involves fatigue and depressed mood, two diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Maslach et al. (2001) wrote that there is “a predominance of dysphoric symptoms” in burnout. Depersonalization symptoms are commonly found in depressed individuals. Diminished personal accomplishment reflects well-known depressive manifestations of …

On The “Bubble” Of Burnout's Prevalence Estimates, Eric Laurent, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi, Laura Hawryluck, Peter G. Brindley

Publications and Research

Hawryluck and Brindley (2018) addressed the issue of burnout—a syndrome thought to be induced by job stress—among critical care medicine (CCM) practitioners. Although we agree that the practice of CCM can be stressful, relying on burnout as an indicator of the practitioners’ response to occupational adversity is unwarranted. Despite its popularity, burnout remains poorly defined. Disconcertingly, investigators have widely relied on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) for “diagnosing” burnout in spite of the fact that the MBI is not a diagnostic instrument.Experiencing fatigue or distancing oneself from one’ work—what burnout is about—is not necessarily a sign of ill-being in itself. …

Is A Meta-Analytic Approach To Burnout’S Prevalence Timely?, Eric Laurent, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi

Publications and Research

Cañadas‐De la Fuente et al. performed a meta‐analysis of the prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment—the three definitional components of the burnout syndrome—among nursing professionals working in oncology units. All in all, their meta‐analysis was inconclusive because of the very state of burnout research. Because there is mounting evidence that burnout is a depressive condition, we recommend that investigators focus on depression, rather than burnout, in occupational health research and practice.

Burnout-Depression Overlap: Nomological Network Examination And Factor-Analytic Approach, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

Burnout has been defined as a condition in which individuals are left exhausted by a long-term confrontation with unmanageable job stressors. The question of whether burnout reflects anything other than depressive responses to unresolvable stress remains an object of debate. In this 911-participant study (83% female; mean age: 42.36), we further addressed the issue of burnout-depression overlap. Burnout was assessed with the exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and depression with the PHQ-8. The relationships of burnout and depression with three jobrelated variables – illegitimate work tasks, work-nonwork interference, and job satisfaction – and three “context-free” variables …

When We Say 'Physician Burnout,' We Really Mean Depression, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

There has been controversy regarding the extent to which burnout overlaps depression. I enumerate eight reasons explaining to why depression is at the heart of burnout. Some of these reasons pertain to the highly similar work-related causes of burnout and depression, burnout adherents' faulty categorical and dimensional conceptualizations of burnout and depression, problematically high correlations between emotional exhaustion (the core of burnout) and depressive symptoms, research on physicians and dentists that underline burnout-depression overlap, and the problem of alexithymia being similarly related to burnout and depression. Suggestions for addressing the problem of burnout-depression among physicians are presented.

What Is The Difference Between Depression And Burnout? An Ongoing Debate, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi, Stefano Palazzi

Publications and Research

Il burnout è concepito come una sindrome che si sviluppa in risposta a condizioni di lavoro cronicamente avverse. Si ritiene che il burnout comporti esaurimento emotivo, depersonalizzazione e riduzione della realizzazione personale. Storicamente, tuttavia, il burnout è stato difficile da separare dalla depressione. In effetti, i sintomi del burnout coincidono con i sintomi della depressione. L'evidenza della validità discriminante del burnout nei confronti della depressione è debole, sia a livello empirico sia a livello teorico. L'esaurimento emotivo, il nucleo del burnout, riflette una combinazione di umore depresso e affaticamento / perdita di energia e si correla molto bene con altri …

Burnout And Depressive Symptoms Are Not Primarily Linked To Perceived Organizational Problems, Renzo Bianchi, Eric Mayor, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent

Publications and Research

In this 257-participant study (76% female; mean age: 44.84), we examined two ideas that are widespread among burnout researchers: (a) the idea that burnout is primarily related to occupational-level factors; and (b) the idea that burnout should be considered a sentinel indicator in research on negative occupational outcomes. We investigated the links between burnout and a series of generic and work-related variables, namely, depressive symptoms, neuroticism, extraversion, effort-reward imbalance in the job (ERI), social support at work (SSW), and turnover intention. Burnout was assessed with the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure, depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9, neuroticism and extraversion with the NEO-Five …

Perception Of American–English Vowels By Early And Late Spanish–English Bilinguals, Miriam Baigorri, Luca Campanelli, Erika S. Levy

Publications and Research

Increasing numbers of Hispanic immigrants are entering the US and learning American–English (AE) as a second–language (L2). Previous studies investigating the relationship between AE and Spanish vowels have revealed an advantage for early L2 learners for their accuracy of L2 vowel perception. Replicating and extending such previous research, this study examined the patterns with which early and late Spanish–English bilingual adults assimilated naturally-produced AE vowels to their native vowel-inventory and the accuracy with which they discriminated the vowels. Twelve early Spanish–English bilingual, 12 late Spanish–English bilingual, and 10 monolingual listeners performed perceptual-assimilation and categorical-discrimination tasks involving AE /i,ɪ,ɛ,ʌ,æ,ɑ,o/. Early bilinguals …

Beyond The Left: Documenting American Racism In Print Periodicals At The Wisconsin Historical Society, And Theorizing (Radical) Collections Today, Alycia Sellie

Publications and Research

This chapter merges what I experienced in developing collections at the Wisconsin Historical Society with new scholarship on anti-racism and interrogations of whiteness in library and information studies (LIS).

On The Profitability Of Uas-Based Ndvi Imagery For Variable Rate Nitrogen Prescriptions In Corn And Wheat In North Dakota, Christopher Joseph Duchsherer

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

This study examines the grower’s decision to invest in precision agriculture technologies especially in-season variable rate nitrogen applications based on NDVI data collected from UAVs. NDVI, yield, soil, and other field data were collected from multiple corn and wheat fields located throughout North Dakota. Each field was divided into management zones to determine profitability of utilizing the technology based on in-season nitrogen applications for the grower’s field practice, high, low, and no applications. Results show that using the NDVI data collected from UAVs can be profitable when the grower decides to make the decision to apply nitrogen in a sidedress …

The Role Of Trade Facilitation Indicators And Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index On U.S. State Exports And Efficiency, Kwame Asiam Addey

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

Trade Facilitation Indicators have become important mechanisms of monitoring the ease of trade. Another issue of rising concern is the pervasive debate on genetically engineered organisms and the development of Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index to evaluate its implications on trade. With regards to these, the objective of the United States Trade Representative is to eliminate implicit trade barriers. Hence, this study examines the impact of TFIs on U.S. agricultural export and its efficiency. From the results, a 1% increase in destination’s Genetically Engineered Restrictive Index leads to a US$ 9,426.82 and US$ 74,268.04 decline in corn and soybean exports while …

Shanghai Is A Fast Paced City: An Exploration Into The Rapid Growth Of Queer And Trans Communities In Shanghai, China, Frances S. Hanna

University Honors Theses

In this undergraduate honors thesis, I utilize supplementary research, the theories presented by Michel Foucault, Eve Sedgwick, Jürger Habermas, and Roland Barthes in addition to my own personal experiences and observations through an autoethnographic lens to answer the question, “How do gender and sexual minority groups, such as queer and trans people, develop, maintain, and grow community spaces in Shanghai, China?” This work seeks to shine a light on the often underrepresented and unstudied topic of queer and trans communities in China, and how they continue to flourish despite pre-existing structures that deter them. Evoking Foucault’s imagery of a different …

Does Collective Action Sequester Carbon? Evidence From The Nepal Community Forestry Program, Randall Bluffstone, Eswaran Somanathan, Prakash Jha, Harisharan Luintel, Rajesh Bista, Mike Toman, Naya Paudel, Bhim Adhikari

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Highlights

• Presumed open access forests have as little as 34% of those under collective action.

• No evidence that Community Forestry Programme forests store more carbon

.• Carbon from collective action not conditional on Community Forestry Programme.

Recent Publications, Editorial Office

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

Appreciating Nature And Art: Recent Western And Chinese Perspectives, Glenn Parsons, Xin Zhang

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Landscape painting has played a significant role in shaping practices of nature appreciation in Western and Chinese cultures. Both cultures have also seen the recent emergence of philosophical views of nature appreciation that stress the importance of ecological understanding. However, these philosophical views differ in their response to the influence of the landscape painting tradition: whereas Western approaches have largely been critical, Chinese ecoaestheticians have embraced it. In this paper, we explore this difference and argue that it is not explained by differences between Western and Chinese art but by differences in Western and Chinese philosophers’ conceptions of ecology. We …

Accurate Lattice Parameters From 2d-Periodic Images For Subsequent Bravais Lattice Type Assignments, Peter Moeck, Paul R. Destefano

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Three different algorithms, as implemented in three different computer programs, were put to the task of extracting direct space lattice parameters from four sets of synthetic images that were per design more or less periodic in two dimensions (2D). One of the test images in each set was per design free of noise and, therefore, genuinely 2D periodic so that it adhered perfectly to the constraints of a Bravais lattice type, Laue class, and plane symmetry group. Gaussian noise with a mean of zero and standard deviations of 10 and 50% of the maximal pixel intensity was added to the …

Biodiversity Gains? The Debate On Changes In Local- Vs Global-Scale Species Richness, Richard B. Primack, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, Richard T. Corlett, Vincent Devictor, David Johns, Rafael Loyola, Bea Hass, Robin J. Pakeman, Liba Pejchar

Political Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Editorial: Do changes in biodiversity at local scales reflect the declines seen at global scales? This debate dates back at least 15 years...

Selected Lectures, Shorter Writings, And Translations, Peter Bien

Dartmouth Scholarship

About the Book

This volume meanders toward Greek subjects presented in the classrooms of various universities or in the lounge of a cruise ship, a restaurant in Greece, or illegally in the Delphic stadium. The book also touches on other literatures and on non-literary subjects such as Dartmouth's student revolution in 1969, a Scorsese film, Quakerism, and prostate cancer. There is even a teeny mock epic called "Dartmouthiad." -- From the Introduction.

About the Author

Peter Bien is Professor Emeritus of English and Comparative Literature at Dartmouth College. His "Kazantzakis: Politics of the Spirit," volumes 1 & 2, are published …

First Stewards: Ecological Outcomes Of Forest And Wildlife Stewardship By Indigenous Peoples Of Wisconsin, Usa, Donald M. Waller, Nicholas J. Reo

Dartmouth Scholarship

Indigenous peoples manage forestlands and wildlife differently than public and private forestland managers. To evaluate ecological outcomes from these differences, we compared the structure, composition, and diversity of Ojibwe and Menominee tribal forests to nearby nontribal forestlands in northern Wisconsin. These indigenous peoples seek to manage forests for mature conditions, accommodate wolves and other predators, and hunt deer to sustain traditional livelihood values. Their forests are often more mature with higher tree volume, higher rates of tree regeneration, more plant diversity, and fewer invasive species than nearby nontribal forestlands. In contrast, nontribal forestlands lost appreciable plant diversity in the 20th …

Raps Sheet, January 2018, Retirement Association Of Portland State

RAPS Sheet: Monthly Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Aero District, Hillsboro, Oregon, Lataunynia Campbell, Teresa Davis, Jesse Pollard, Kelsey Trostle, Brandon Willingham

Real Estate Development Workshop Projects

What follows is a proposal to redevelop the southern portion of the Hillsboro Airport located in Hillsboro, OR. The airport is owned by the Port of Portland. Currently, some of the property proposed for redevelopment is located “behind the fence”, in airport secure locations. The Port looks to open up and active land on the south end of the airport for commercial development.

The redevelopment plan must consider the needs of the Port of Portland, Washington County – neighbors and owners of the new Fairgrounds Master Plan development just south of the Hillsboro Airport, and the City of Hillsboro.