Digital Commons Network^™

Katharina Schütz Zell: The Religious Vocation Of A Female Reformer In Sixteenth-Century Strasbourg, Samantha Howard

History, Philosophy, and Religious Studies

Katharina Schütz Zell lived in the free imperial city of Strasbourg during the Protestant Reformation in the sixteenth century. Commitment to a lifelong faith led Katharina to embrace early protestant beliefs: salvation by faith and grace, the sole authority of Scripture, and the priesthood of all believers. In 1524, she joined the reform movement and began sharing her beliefs. This study argues that Katharina Schütz Zell established herself as a reformer who served God through Christ with love and compassion. Katharina’s early writings convey her steadfast values of Christian living. In times of chaos and uncertainty, her unwavering faith provided …

Determining Women’S Innermost Social Support Relationships, Delrae Ruth Chivers

Sociology and Anthropology

This thesis examined how single women over forty determine their innermost social support relationship. A qualitative study of personal in-depth interviews was conducted with twelve single women ranging in ages 41 to 95 living in a small community in the United States upper Midwest area. The data gathered from the interviews reveal what fosters these women’s close relationships, specifically, those borne out of common situations, shared interests, and/or similar experiences. The data disclose what it is in their relationships that matters to them, illuminating dimensions that sustain closeness. Important aspects of their relationships include affection and reverence for each other …

Building A Promise Neighborhood From The Inside Out: A Springfield, Ohio Experiment With Asset-Based Community Development, Eric Robert Smith

Sociology and Anthropology

This paper examines the impact of the Springfield Promise Neighborhood (SPN) initiative on the City of Springfield, Ohio. Launched in August, 2010, SPN adopted an asset-based and resident-driven strategy to transform vulnerable neighborhoods by ensuring the academic and social success of the youth within a defined geographic locality. SPN was conceived as an initiative that would eventually impact all of Springfield by engaging citizens and youth to envision and achieve a preferred future story. The early piloting of the model has taken place in partnership with Lincoln Elementary School and its attendance zone, which represents a 110-block area surrounding the …

Event, Death, And Poetry: The Death Of The Other In Derrida’S “Rams”, Harris B. Bechtol

All Faculty Scholarship (Archived)

Since Heidegger, at least, the theme of the event has become a focal point of current debate in continental philosophy. While scholars recognize the important contributions that Jacques Derrida has made to this debate, the significance of his considerations of the death of the other for his conception of the event has not yet been fully appreciated. This essay focuses on Derrida’s efforts to develop the notion of the event in reference to the death of the other through his engagement with Paul Celan in “Rams—Between Two Infinities, The Poem.” I argue that Derrida’s approach results in a three-fold contribution …

Health Risk Feedback: The Effects Of Ace Insight On Stress Reactivity, Heidi Anna Rued

Psychology

Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has lasting repercussions throughout an individual’s lifetime. An adult with a history of childhood trauma is at increased risk for excessive stress reactivity, which exacerbates the development of chronic disease. It is important to investigate how this information can be used for adult trauma survivors. This study assessed the psychophysiological impacts of providing “ACE insight”. Participants completed questionnaires and were given false feedback that their childhood experiences put them at increased risk for excessive stress reactivity and the development of disease. Following ACE insight, participants underwent a speech stressor task during which cardiovascular reactivity …

On Distance Perception, Shanda Deleen Lauer

Psychology

A crucial, but little studied, visual function involves estimating distance from the self to an object in the environment (absolute distance perception). This is a fundamental component in the creation of our perception of the 3D world and is likely to be affected by alcohol, and be a factor in drunk driving accidents. To better understand which visual cues observers use to determine distance, participants completed a series of psychophysical judgments under different viewing conditions. By controlling and isolating specific distance cues through a novel viewing apparatus, we were able to investigate which cues are used to accurately judge distance. …

Changing Dating Behavior Expectations By Using Judgmental Anchors To Induce Cognitive Dissonance, Anna Maruska Semanko

Psychology

This study expanded upon literature separately examining numerical anchors and cognitive dissonance, by attempting to use numerical anchors to induce cognitive dissonance and change dating behavior expectations. The high numerical anchors had an effect on dating behavior expectations, such that the expectations assimilated in a healthier direction toward the anchor value. The dissonance manipulation resulted in higher levels of psychological discomfort, as measured by the scale created for this thesis. Further, an exploration of assessing magnitude of dissonance and an examination of the theoretical antecedents of dating behavior intentions was conducted. Overall, future dating behavior intentions for respect, trust, communication …

The Effects Of Reattribution Training And Behavioral Activation On Cognitive Vulnerabilities To Depression Among College Students, Samantha Kathleen Myhre

Psychology

Depression among adolescents and college students comes with significant negative impacts on multiple areas of functioning as well as burdens on society. It is important to understand what makes young people vulnerable to experiencing depression as well as how to prevent it. This study intended to compare cognitive and behavioral skills training to determine their effect on cognitive vulnerabilities to depression. Participants who have never been depressed were recruited based on high levels of cognitive vulnerabilities to depression. They were randomized to a cognitive condition, a behavioral condition, or a waitlist condition. Pre-, post-, and follow-up measures were collected including …

Buddhism Is More Than Just Meditation: A Cognitive Non-Attachment Training For Social Stress, Robert Klein

Psychology

Buddhism is essentially a cognitive-behavioral intervention where oral teachings and meditation work together to develop nonattachment, a mind-state considered to be the antidote to all human suffering. The present work investigated a twelve-minute cognitive nonattachment induction that taught a wisdom training called the “Three Marks of Existence.” We expected nonattached attitudes to increase following the training. Anxious reactivity to a public speaking task was also expected to be reduced. Results were mixed, and suggested that the training increased agreement with nonattachment world-views, and reduced threat appraisals as hypothesized. However, the training generally did not reduce anxiety measures, although it was …

Aging And Object-Based Inhibition Of Return, Asenath Xochitl Arauza Huether

Psychology

Inhibition of return (IOR) is a cognitive mechanism to bias attention from returning to previously engaged items. While aging models have proposed deficits within select inhibitory domains, older adults have demonstrated preserved IOR functioning in previous studies. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether IOR associated with objects showed the same age patterns as IOR associated with locations. Both young and older adults produced significant location-based IOR in static and dynamic paradigms. In contrast, young adults produced object-based IOR in a dynamic paradigm, whereas older adults failed to produce significant object-based effects. The findings provide partial support …

Belief And Belongingness: Are Supernatural Agents And Forces Social Surrogates?, Taylor Nelson

Psychology

Motivational approaches to the study of supernatural beliefs propose that such beliefs serve psychological functions. I tested the proposal that supernatural agents and forces are sought out as social surrogates to fulfill the need to belong. First, I present preliminary data consistent with the claim that the belongingness motive and deficits in belongingness (i.e., loneliness) are related to supernatural beliefs. Next, I report an experiment testing the supernatural social surrogate proposal. I hypothesized that affirming belongingness would reduce supernatural beliefs and that the relationship between the predictors and supernatural beliefs would weaken if one’s belonging is affirmed. If supernatural beliefs …

The Role Of Distress Tolerance In Cognitive Control Training For Dysphoria, Alisson Nicole Schultz Lass

Psychology

Cognitive Control Training (CCT) is an area of research which has been hypothesized as a way to decrease symptoms of depression. The purpose of this study was to replicate the results found by others using the PASAT, and to examine potential mechanisms behind the effects of CCT, particularly the role of distress tolerance. Seventy-two participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions, a waitlist control, and 2 treatment conditions. Participants in the treatment conditions were given an electronic tablet to practice the attention task over a 2 week period. One condition was paced and time-pressured, the other was self-paced …

Environmental Socialization: A Case Study On Formative Influences, Joseph Herbst

Natural Resources Management

Twenty-first century social-ecologic systems are in the midst of a complex adaptive cycle. There is growing evidence to suggest the existence of a psycho-social developmental process whereby a person becomes situated in an environmental worldview. This process of environmental socialization has received attention in peer-reviewed journals. A case study was developed to see if qualitative methods could yield deeper insight. Depth interviewing and grounded theory analysis were used to explore student’s thoughts on formative influences deemed significant in the development of their own environmental perspective. The qualitative method used in the study was useful in probing the nuance, complexity, and …

Conducting The Coded Message Songs Of Slavery: Context, Connotation, And Performance Preparation, Rebecca Lynn Raber

Music

The coded message songs of slavery are a mysterious and fascinating entity. Within the lyrics of these seemingly innocuous plantation songs are coded messages for escape, messages that provided secret information to enslaved workers on Antebellum plantations. Over the course of more than 250 years of slavery on American soil, countless enslaved Africans found freedom through the use of coded message songs and the Underground Railroad. What are these songs? Which lyrics provided this secret information? How can a study of this music provide a better musical experience for conductors, singers, and listeners? This disquisition offers answers to these important …

Investment Behavior Analysis Based On Tail Risk Management, Yu Sun

Statistics

As behavioral finance is becoming more prevalent in academic area, a study is worth conducting to pinpoint investors’ preference through managing tail risk of asset portfolios. This study investigates investors’ investment behaviors by modeling their investment personalities based on tail risk management. We incorporate CVaR approach to model traditional and non-traditional investment behaviors by reshaping the tails of portfolio return. To be specific, we build model to maximize left-tail CVaR, minimize right-tail CVaR, minimize left-tail CVaR models, and a mixed model that maximize left-tail CVaR and minimize righttail CVaR simultaneously based on various group of rational and irrational investors. Our …

Economic Modeling Of Agricultural Production In North Dakota Using Transportation Analysis And Forecasting, Nimish Laxmikant Dharmadhikari

Transportation Logistics and Finance

Agricultural industry is crucial for the economy; agricultural transportation is an integrated part of that industry. Optimization of the transportation and logistics costs is an important part of the transportation economics. This study focuses on the minimization of the total cost of transportation logistics. Sugar-beet is one of the important crops in the state of North Dakota and there has been sporadic research in the sugar-beet transportation economic modeling. Therefore, this research focuses on the transportation economic modeling of the sugar-beet including yield forecasting to reduce the uncertainty in this process. This study begins with developing a yield forecasting model …

Application Of Data Mining Techniques In Transportation Safety Study, Zijian Zheng

Transportation Logistics and Finance

Most of current studies are based on Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), which require several assumptions. Those assumptions limit GLMs with the nature of data, and jeopardize models’ performance when handling data with complex and nonlinear patterns, high missing values, and large number of input variables with various data types. Data mining models are famous for strong capability of extracting valuable information and detecting complex patterns from large noisy data. However, they are not popular in transportation safety research, because they are criticized to be unable to provide interpretable and practical outputs. In this study, data mining models are tested in …

A Visualization Technique For Course Evaluations And Other Likert Scale Data, Muhammed Saho

Statistics

Course evaluation is one of the primary ways of collecting feedback from students at NDSU. Since almost every student in every course submits one at the end of the semester, it generates a lot of data. The data is summarized into text based reports with emphasis on average rating of each question. At one page per course, analyzing these reports can be overwhelming. Furthermore, it is very difficult to identify patterns in the text reports. We combine heat maps and small multiples to introduce a visualization of the data that allows for easier comparison between courses, departments, etc. We defined …

In Search Of The Final Head Ball: The Case For Eliminating Heading From Soccer,, N. Jeremi Duru

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Soccer is unquestionably the world's most popular sport. Two hundred and eleven countries have national soccer associations, hundreds of millions of people across the globe play recreationally, and Federation Internationale de Football Association's ("FIFA") quadrennial World Cup soccer tournament is unchallenged as the highest profile4 and highest grossing sporting competition on Earth. Notwithstanding its popularity, however, soccer sits at a troubling crossroads as the sport's governing bodies grapple with the impact that the risk of brain injury is having on the game. Soccer is, of course, not alone in this regard. The risk of brain injury exists in all team …

Rehabilitation In Article 14 Of The Convention Against Torture And Other Cruel, Inhuman, Or Degrading Treatment Or Punishment, Claudio Grossman, Nora Sevaass, Felice Gaer

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Persons exposed to torture have suffered serious attacks on their lives, relationships, health, and sense of dignity. The torture they experienced will remain a part of them even if they manage to move ahead and work through the pain. The destructive power of torture affects life on so many levels: mind and body, values and relationships, and the capacity for work and leisure. Providing opportunities to reconstruct lives after torture should be a priority in the international effort to prevent and prohibit torture. International recognition of the right to redress, including rehabilitation for all victims of torture and other cruel, …

Oneself As Another: Hermeneutics And Personality Assessment, Marvin W. Acklin

Archives of Assessment Psychology

The scientific and philosophical background of personality assessment is examined, including review of hermeneutic methods in the human sciences. Following a keyword search and psychological test usage survey, it was concluded that the nomothetic scientific orientation predominates in forensic psychology. A topic debated since the middle 19th century, the triumph of the nomothetic has implications for personality assessment models, interpretive methods, and description of human lives. This paper contextualizes personality assessment in 19th and 20th century hermeneutical philosophy, including the status of the nomothetic/idiographic divide. Hermeneutic philosophy--represented in the work of Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger, Bultmann, Gadamer, and Ricoeur--offers rich and …

Inter-Rater Reliability Of The Raphael Projective System (Rps) Of Scoring Projective Drawings, R. Lauren Miller, Ann Marie Paolino, Theresa Ascheman Jones, Alan J. Raphael, Charles Golden

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Purpose: The current study was conducted to examine the interrater reliability of the Raphael Projective System (RPS), a standardized system for the administration, scoring, and interpretation of projective drawings. In anticipation of completion of the comprehensive manual of the RPS, the authors examined the inter-rater reliability of raters who were trained on scoring House, Tree, and Person drawings. Methods: Three of the authors refined the scoring system and reached consensus on scoring for 30 projective drawing test protocols (ten House drawings, ten Tree drawings, and ten Person drawings), which they had independently scored. Five graduate psychology students were trained on …

Leone, Mosticoni, Ianella, Biondi, And Butcher’S (2018) Effort To Compare The Mmpi-2-Rf With The Mmpi-2 Falls Well Short, Yossef S. Ben-Porath, Auke Tellegen

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Leone, Mosticoni, Iannella, Biondi, and Butcher’s (2018) comparison of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF in a clinical sample falls well short of its goals. On the basis of analyses conducted with a sample of patients, the authors conclude that the MMPI-2-RF is less sensitive to psychopathology and is susceptible to gender bias. However, their study fails to meet basic requirements for sound research methodology and reporting of research findings. The findings reported are inconsistent with or contradict the authors’ conclusions, many of which have already been rebutted in previous publications, which they ignored. Leone et al.’s (2018) discussion fails to acknowledge …

Equivalence Of Remote, Online Administration And Traditional, Face-To-Face Administration Of Woodcock-Johnson Iv Cognitive And Achievement Tests, A. Jordan Wright

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Many children in need do not receive the mental health services they require. This is true with psychoeducational services in schools, where a shortage of school psychologists has been identified. An estimated 15% of all students struggle with attentional or learning difficulties that are unassessed and unaddressed, largely due to problems with access to psychoeducational evaluations. Remote, online psychoeducational evaluations have the potential to decrease this access problem by assisting school psychologists with their evaluation workload. The present study evaluated the equivalence of a remote, online administration procedure for the Woodcock-Johnson IV cognitive and achievement tests with traditional, in-person administration. …

Capturing Naturally Occurring Emotional Suppression As It Unfolds In Couple Interactions, Jordan D. Dworkin, Virginia Zimmerman, Robert J. Waldinger, Marc S. Schulz

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Most research examining the consequences of suppressing emotional expression has focused on either experimentally manipulated and conscious suppression, or self-reported suppression behavior. This study examined suppression as it naturally occurred in couple (n= 105) discussions regarding a challenging topic. A Suppression Index (SI) was created by calculating the difference between continuous self-reports of emotional experience, obtained using cued video recall, and coders’ continuous ratings of expressed emotion. Suppression was common for both men and women, though there was also substantial individual variation. Autocorrelations of the SIwere used to tap Suppressive Rigidity (S_rig), …

Resilience In Caregivers Of Partners With Young Onset Dementia: A Concept Analysis, Karie R. Kobiske, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Over 200,000 Americans diagnosed with young onset dementia (YOD), dementia diagnosed prior to age 65, are cared for by family members. This can be costly to caregivers’physical and psychological health. Some adapt well to the caregiver role and are said to be resilient. Aim/Question: This paper builds on current understanding of the concept of resilience and applies this to caregivers of partners diagnosed with YOD. Method: Concept analysis. Results: Resilient caregivers exhibit attributes including determination, flexibility, positive thinking, self-efficacy, resourcefulness, social support and spirituality. Discussion: YOD affects caregiver’s health. Much research has been done on interventions for dementia caregivers. …

Factor Structure And Psychometric Properties Of Cognitive-Behavioral Scales In Caregivers Of Persons With Dementia, Abir K. Bekhet, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background/Purpose

Caregiving can be costly to dementia caregivers' well-being. Assessing the factor structure and psychometric properties of Cognitive-Behavioral Scales in dementia caregivers is an essential step in addressing the gap in the current state of research. Specifically, it is essential to determine first whether the factorial structure of the three measures used in this study namely, the Positive Thinking Skills Scale, the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist, and the Zarit Burden Interview are good representation of the data by studying the good model fit. Next, evaluating the reliability of each factor of the three measures used are essential to …

Visits For Depression To Physician Assistants And Nurse Practitioners In The Us, Abiola O. Keller, Roderick S. Hooker, Elizabeth R. Jacobs

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Weight Perceptions And Snack Food Portion Estimation, Georgianna Mann, Lauren Woodard Parrish, Jo Jangwooc, Melinda Valliant

Faculty and Student Publications (Open Access)

No abstract provided.

Economic Individualism And Preference Formation, Andrzej Rapaczynski

Faculty Scholarship

This note examines some issues involved in an attempt to go beyond the assumption, long-made by most economists, that people’s preferences are simply to be treated as “given” and that the principle of consumer sovereignty entails a refusal to consider some (or some people’s) revealed preferences as more authoritative than others. The most important break with that assumption has been the development of behavioral economics, which shows that people may not always know what they really want, and that economists have to develop a more critical approach, distinguishing people’s true preferences from those that are merely apparent. While this approach, …