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2018

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Reason And Agency In Kant And Fichte, Michael Vater Jan 2018

Reason And Agency In Kant And Fichte, Michael Vater

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

This paper explores the question of the unity of Transcendental Idealism at the end of Eighteenth Century German philosophy, given that it circulated in different versions, Kant’s Critique [of humans’ rational powers] and Fichte’ System of Science [Wissenschaftslehre]. Both thinkers take the transcendental turn. They base conceptual investigations not on facts or empirical evidence, but on the possibility of a situation; they are idealists since they look inward to the spontaneity of the agent/knower for explanation, not the environment, stimulus, or sensory given. Reason can fathom only what it has constructed.

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Cognitive Processing Effects Of Natural Elements In A Psychotherapy Treatment Space, Daniel J. Gilbride Jan 2018

Cognitive Processing Effects Of Natural Elements In A Psychotherapy Treatment Space, Daniel J. Gilbride

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study extends previous research on the inclusion of elements of nature in medical treatment spaces to aid in the attainment of positive health outcomes, as the possibility that psychotherapy patients may similarly benefit from the purposeful incorporation of natural elements into the psychotherapy room has received little systematic study. To test this possibility, participants were randomly assigned to one of two mock psychotherapy rooms: an enriched condition consisting of plants, pictures of nature, and reduced lighting levels, or an impoverished condition containing no elements of nature and bright lighting. All participants completed a structured narrative designed to mimic …

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Considerations In The Classification Of Orthorexia Nervosa, Bethany Garcia Jan 2018

Considerations In The Classification Of Orthorexia Nervosa, Bethany Garcia

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Orthorexia nervosa has been suggested as a new psychological phenomenon in which an individual restricts their diet to consume only biologically pure and healthy foods. Some have suggested that orthorexia nervosa should be considered a new eating disorder. However, it is unclear at this time if orthorexia nervosa is a new psychological disorder, a variant of an existing psychological disorder (such as anorexia nervosa or obsessive-compulsive disorder), or a sub-threshold disordered eating behavior. The present study examined and compared measures of orthorexia nervosa behavior, explored its relationship to other psychological conditions, and assessed how demographic features are related to the …

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Differing Impact Of Internalizing Symptoms And Emotional Dysregulation On Executive Functioning Among Children With Adhd, Carrie Lewis Jan 2018

Differing Impact Of Internalizing Symptoms And Emotional Dysregulation On Executive Functioning Among Children With Adhd, Carrie Lewis

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Inconsistencies have been identified regarding the executing functioning (EF) profile of children with ADHD and comorbid internalizing symptoms. Some research has found that internalizing symptomology may buffer against EF impairment among children with ADHD whereas other findings suggest a cumulative effect resulting in greater EF impairment. Similarly, symptoms indicative of emotional dysregulation are often identified in those with ADHD, both with and without internalizing symptoms. However, the impact of emotional dysregulation on EF is unclear. The current study utilized archival data and examined the relationship between internalizing symptoms, emotional dysregulation, and EF among 95 children diagnosed with ADHD through a …

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Do Factors Of Social Comparison Theory Influence School Choice In A Public School Marketplace?, Shawn M. Hannon Jan 2018

Do Factors Of Social Comparison Theory Influence School Choice In A Public School Marketplace?, Shawn M. Hannon

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether factors of social comparison theory influence public school choice in Indiana. There were two arms in the study. One arm used three district-level variables (parent Education level, socioeconomic status, and homogeneity of race) associated with social comparison theory (SCT) and five district-level variables (prevalence of advanced courses, rate of perceived safety, graduation rate, passing rate on the state achievement test, and athletic success) associated with traditional measures of school quality (SQ) to address three research questions. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict district transfer-out rates (TOR) and transfer-in rates …

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Effects Of Explicit Learning On The Temporal Allocation Of Attentional Resources, Matthew Junker Jan 2018

Effects Of Explicit Learning On The Temporal Allocation Of Attentional Resources, Matthew Junker

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Environmental stimuli often occur in temporally predictable patterns. Given the capacity limits of temporal attention and the functional impairments resulting from inattention, it is advantageous to allocate attention to goal-relevant information while filtering out goal-irrelevant information. The temporal dynamics of attention are malleable and change in response to environmental demands. An unanswered question is the extent to which explicit knowledge of temporal patterns moderates the relationship between exposure to these temporal patterns and the ability to selectively attend to goal-relevant information. In the current study, participants completed a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ( RSVP ) task in which they identified …

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Evidence-Based Practices For Autism Spectrum Disorders: Through The Eyes Of Practitioners, Sue Marie Corbin Jan 2018

Evidence-Based Practices For Autism Spectrum Disorders: Through The Eyes Of Practitioners, Sue Marie Corbin

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to begin the work of closing the current research-to-practice gap for evidence-based practices (EBP) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study looked at the professional wisdom side of the EBPs for ASD through the eyes of the professionals in the field of Education. It provides more insight into how the EBPs are being interpreted and applied with students on the autism spectrum. This descriptive research project was based on the work from National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders (NPDC on ASD) during the years 2007–2012 and compared the answers obtained from practitioners …

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Answering Damarin’S Call: How Ios Apps Approach Diversity,Equity, And Multiculturalism, Todd Cherner, Alex Fegely Jan 2018

Answering Damarin’S Call: How Ios Apps Approach Diversity,Equity, And Multiculturalism, Todd Cherner, Alex Fegely

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

In 1998, Suzanne Damarin put forward a call for technologists and multicultural educators to work together to create technologies that promote inclusiveness and equity for students. As significant technological advancements have happened along with major changes in educational policy over the past 20 years, this study set out to examine if Damarin’s call has been answered. In this article, the researchers first explain how they systematically identified a group of iOS applications designed for iPads and analyzed them for their design quality and content through a lens of diversity, equity, and multiculturalism. They then share their findings and offer implications …

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Text-To-Web: Adding Digital Connections Into The Mix, Maika Yeigh, Todd Cherner Jan 2018

Text-To-Web: Adding Digital Connections Into The Mix, Maika Yeigh, Todd Cherner

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

The article discusses the challenge for teachers to create a process for identifying and implementing methods that integrate new communicative practices involved with texting into their instruction.

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Our National Psychosis: Guns, Terror, And Hegemonic Masculinity, Stewart Chang Jan 2018

Our National Psychosis: Guns, Terror, And Hegemonic Masculinity, Stewart Chang

Scholarly Works

In this Article, Professor Stewart Chang, through the examination of three recent mass shooting, proposes that mass shootings driven by hegemonic masculinity should be classified and addressed as acts of terrorism. Professor Chang defines hegemonic masculinity as patterns or practices that promote the dominant social position of men and the subordinate social position of women and other gender identities. In this Article, he examines how hegemonic masculinity is allowed to become mainstream and flourish unchecked based on our characterization, classification and reaction to mass shootings and their perpetrators.

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Remorse Bias, M. Eve Hanan Jan 2018

Remorse Bias, M. Eve Hanan

Scholarly Works

In this article, Professor M. Eve Hanan addresses how implicit cognitive biases may affect judges when they decide whether to credit defendants' displays of remorse and how we can lessen the effects of that bias. Part I of this article introduces the main ideas to be discussed. Part II establishes the salience of remorse to punishment decisions and then demonstrates the ambiguity involved in assessing the sincerity of remorse. Part III examines existing research on implicit biases associating African Americans with criminality to consider whether judges are likely to view African American defendants' expressions of remorse as insincere and, thus, …

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Law, Religion, And Health Care, David Orentlicher Jan 2018

Law, Religion, And Health Care, David Orentlicher

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

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Developing A Unified Approach To Sustainable Consumption Behaviour: Opportunities For A New Environmental Paradigm, Vivienne Byers, Alan Gilmer Jan 2018

Developing A Unified Approach To Sustainable Consumption Behaviour: Opportunities For A New Environmental Paradigm, Vivienne Byers, Alan Gilmer

Articles

Politicians and national policy makers seek to encourage individuals to engage in a wide range of pro-environmental practices to address both discrete environmental problems and major global challenges such as climate change. Theoretically, the field of behavioural management in environmental consumption which seeks to change holarchic open human systems, is much contested. This paper proposes to develop a synthesized conceptual framework embracing a unified approach that addresses the systematic, structural, and institutional perspectives on how consumption, through public policy initiatives, can be developed and changed to reflect a deeper ecological foundation. This approach considers the debate regarding policy and behavioural …

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The Link Between Spatial Skills And Engineering Problem-Solving, Gavin Duffy, Sheryl Sorby, Presentacion Rivera Reyes, Tom Delahunty, Lance Perez, Jayashri Ravishankar Jan 2018

The Link Between Spatial Skills And Engineering Problem-Solving, Gavin Duffy, Sheryl Sorby, Presentacion Rivera Reyes, Tom Delahunty, Lance Perez, Jayashri Ravishankar

Conference papers

Well-developed 3-D spatial skills are correlated with engineering success. However, most studies examining the link between spatial skills and engineering success have been conducted at the macro level, i.e., the link between spatial skills and course grades or between spatial skills and graduation rates. In this research, a more refined approach has been taken. Relationships between spatial skills and success in solving certain types of problems that engineering students commonly encounter are examined. It was found that high levels of spatial skills predict success in solving certain types of engineering problems but not in all types of problems. Data gathered …

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Smokers And Ex-Smokers Have Shared Differences In The Neural Substrates For Potential Monetary Gains And Losses, Liam Nestor, Ella Mccabe, Jennifer Jones, Luke Clancy, Hugh Garavan Jan 2018

Smokers And Ex-Smokers Have Shared Differences In The Neural Substrates For Potential Monetary Gains And Losses, Liam Nestor, Ella Mccabe, Jennifer Jones, Luke Clancy, Hugh Garavan

Articles

Despite an increased understanding of nicotine addiction, there is a scarcity of research comparing the neural correlates of non-drug reward between smokers and ex-smokers. Long-term changes in reward-related brain functioning for non-drug incentives may elucidate patterns of functioning that potentially contribute to ongoing smoking behaviour in current smokers. Similarly, examining the effects of previous chronic nicotine exposure during a period of extended abstinence may reveal whether there are neural correlates responsible for non-drug reward processing that are different from current smokers.

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In Review: Fundamentals Of Library Supervision, Third Edition, David J. Williams Jan 2018

In Review: Fundamentals Of Library Supervision, Third Edition, David J. Williams

Urban Library Journal

A review of the book Fundamentals in Library Supervision, by Beth McNeil.

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Quantitative Fine-Grained Human Evaluation Of Machine Translation Systems: A Case Study On English To Croatian, Filip Klubicka, Antonio Toral, Victor Manuel Sanchez-Cartagena Jan 2018

Quantitative Fine-Grained Human Evaluation Of Machine Translation Systems: A Case Study On English To Croatian, Filip Klubicka, Antonio Toral, Victor Manuel Sanchez-Cartagena

Articles

This paper presents a quantitative fine-grained manual evaluation approach to comparing the performance of different machine translation (MT) systems. We build upon the well-established Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM) error taxonomy and implement a novel method that assesses whether the differences in performance for MQM error types between different MT systems are statistically significant. We conduct a case study for English-to- Croatian, a language direction that involves translating into a morphologically rich language, for which we compare three MT systems belonging to different paradigms: pure phrase-based, factored phrase-based and neural. First, we design an MQM-compliant error taxonomy tailored to the relevant …

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Experienced Mental Workload, Perception Of Usability, Their Interaction And Impact On Task Performance, Luca Longo Jan 2018

Experienced Mental Workload, Perception Of Usability, Their Interaction And Impact On Task Performance, Luca Longo

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Pseudorehearsal In Actor-Critic Agents With Neural Network Function Approximation, Vladimir Marochko, Leonard Johard, Manuel Mazzara, Luca Longo Jan 2018

Pseudorehearsal In Actor-Critic Agents With Neural Network Function Approximation, Vladimir Marochko, Leonard Johard, Manuel Mazzara, Luca Longo

Articles

Catastrophic forgetting has a significant negative impact in reinforcement learning. The purpose of this study is to investigate how pseudorehearsal can change performance of an actor-critic agent with neural-network function approximation. We tested agent in a pole balancing task and compared different pseudorehearsal approaches. We have found that pseudorehearsal can assist learning and decrease forgetting.

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Towards Dynamic Interaction-Based Reputation Models, Almas Melnikov, Manuel Mazzara, Victor Rivera, Jooyoung Lee, Luca Longo Jan 2018

Towards Dynamic Interaction-Based Reputation Models, Almas Melnikov, Manuel Mazzara, Victor Rivera, Jooyoung Lee, Luca Longo

Articles

In this paper, we investigate how dynamic properties of reputation can influence the quality of users’ ranking. Reputation systems should be based on rules that can guarantee high level of trust and help identify unreliable units. To understand the effectiveness of dynamic properties in the evaluation of reputation, we propose our own model (DIB-RM) that utilizes three factors: forgetting, cumulative, and activity period. In order to evaluate the model, we use data from StackOverflow which also has its own reputation model. We estimate similarity of ratings between DIB-RM and the StackOverflow reputation model to test our hypothesis. We use two …

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Patient Experiences Of A Physiotherapy-Led Multidisciplinary Rehabilitative Intervention After Successful Treatment For Oesophago-Gastric Cancer, Annemarie Bennett, L. O'Neill, D. Connolly, E. M. Guinan, L. Boland, Suzanne Doyle, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey Jan 2018

Patient Experiences Of A Physiotherapy-Led Multidisciplinary Rehabilitative Intervention After Successful Treatment For Oesophago-Gastric Cancer, Annemarie Bennett, L. O'Neill, D. Connolly, E. M. Guinan, L. Boland, Suzanne Doyle, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey

Articles

Purpose To qualitatively explore the perceived impact of a 12-week rehabilitative intervention for oesophago-gastric cancer survivors on their physical, mental and social wellbeing. Methods Of the 21 participants who completed the intervention, 19 took part in a semi-structured focus group interview. Four audio-taped focus groups were held, ranging in size from two to eight participants. Focus groups were transcribed and analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach. Results At recruitment, participants were 23.5 ± 15.2 months post-surgery and all had suboptimal fitness levels. Participants reported improvements in their physical capacity and ability to carry out activities of daily living during the …

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Machine Learning Based Classification Of Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes In A Rat Model Of Binge Eating Using Ventral Striatal Oscillations, Wilder Doucette, Lucas Dwiel, Jared E. Boyce, Amanda A. Simon, Jibran Y. Khokhar, Alan I. Green Jan 2018

Machine Learning Based Classification Of Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes In A Rat Model Of Binge Eating Using Ventral Striatal Oscillations, Wilder Doucette, Lucas Dwiel, Jared E. Boyce, Amanda A. Simon, Jibran Y. Khokhar, Alan I. Green

Dartmouth Scholarship

Neuromodulation-based interventions continue to be evaluated across an array of appetitive disorders but broader implementation of these approaches remains limited due to variable treatment outcomes. We hypothesize that individual variation in treatment outcomes may be linked to differences in the networks underlying these disorders. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats received deep brain stimulation separately within each nucleus accumbens (NAc) sub-region (core and shell) using a within-animal crossover design in a rat model of binge eating. Significant reductions in binge size were observed with stimulation of either target but with significant variation in effectiveness across individuals. When features of local field potentials (LFPs) …

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The Paradox Of Competition: Power, Markets, And Money - Who Gets What, When, How?, Martin Shubik Jan 2018

The Paradox Of Competition: Power, Markets, And Money - Who Gets What, When, How?, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Money is a mystery and financial institutions are often regarded as guardians and promoters of the mystery. These sketches are designed to help any reader interested in, but not technically trained in economics, understand markets, money, credit and the evolution of a mass market system set in the rich context of its political environment and society. We all want a good society. What is a good society is given by our joint vision, mutual respect and social concern but the implementation of the vision calls for the use and understanding of money, markets and finance. The efficient functioning of a …

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Canine Emotions: Guidelines For Research, Miiamaaria V. Kujala Jan 2018

Canine Emotions: Guidelines For Research, Miiamaaria V. Kujala

Animal Sentience

In the target article, I called for a discussion on the nature and extent of dogs’ emotions. The commentators generally agreed on the existence of dog emotions, but the diversity and quality of dog emotions, as well as the influence of human social cognition on perceiving dog emotions, raised more debate. To respond to the stimulating commentaries, I touch briefly on the philosophy of (canine) mind and discuss further the benefits of comparing cognition across species, secondary emotions, and the shaping of canine emotions by evolution, breeding and experience. I conclude with suggestions for future research guidelines on studies of …

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Experiences Of Women Stem Professors Who Are Considering Leadership Positions At Research Universities, Cheri Liebow Jan 2018

Experiences Of Women Stem Professors Who Are Considering Leadership Positions At Research Universities, Cheri Liebow

Doctoral Dissertations

Empirical evidence is needed to discern the reasons for inequities among those with doctorates hired in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. It is necessary to create a successful and motivational atmosphere for various types of female leaders who are seeking opportunities to become leaders, especially in STEM fields. This qualitative-method study used an exploratory design. The study first sought to gather information about female STEM professors’ experiences through open-ended qualitative interviews to explain gaps in details of women’s experiences as professors in STEM departments of universities. Second, the researcher sought to discern common themes in interview responses for …

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Modernizing Disability Income For Cancer Survivors, Ann C. Hodges Jan 2018

Modernizing Disability Income For Cancer Survivors, Ann C. Hodges

Law Faculty Publications

The medical progress in cancer treatment is worthy of celebration, as survivors of many cancers are living longer. This good news, however, comes with challenges for those survivors. Empirical evidence from researchers at cancer centers demonstrates the devastating impact that cancer has on employment, resulting in serious financial stress for survivors and their families. My previous research used this empirical data to recommend changes in employment laws to meet the need of survivors to maintain employment. This article builds on the prior research by using the empirical evidence of the employment effects of cancer to recommend changes in the disability …

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Investigating The Causes And Cures For Unclear Scholarly Writing, Marlene Ingrid Mahony Jan 2018

Investigating The Causes And Cures For Unclear Scholarly Writing, Marlene Ingrid Mahony

Doctoral Dissertations

This qualitative dissertation investigated possible causes and cures for unclear scholarly writing. For this study, a stipulative definition of unclear scholarly writing, or “academese,” is that the language tends to be vague and verbose. The problem, according to the included literature, is that people who use or accept vague language have less academic, social, professional, and civic power. Academese, some say, can detach readers and that can accordingly diminish collective exchange. Because higher education is meant to share knowledge, promote agency, and prepare students to communicate powerfully within and beyond the university, this study researched the causes and cures of …

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An Examination Of Bullying In Catholic Middle Schools In The Pacific And Mountain States In The United States, Margaret Murphey Jan 2018

An Examination Of Bullying In Catholic Middle Schools In The Pacific And Mountain States In The United States, Margaret Murphey

Doctoral Dissertations

Every child has a right to feel safe at school. The highest prevalence of bullying occurred in middle school grades 6 through 8. In a school environment, bullying can inhibit student learning, as it may cause a great deal of pain, anxiety, and stress for the victim. Bullying and aggressive behavior have negative effects on student learning and students’ attitudes toward school. The occurrence of bullying can change the expectation of security in a school climate. Schools need to teach acceptance toward all differences, an appreciation of diversity, and the significance of various collective customs and social characteristics that all …

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And At Once My Chains Were Loosed: How The Black Panther Party Freed Me From My Colonized Mind, Linda Garrett Jan 2018

And At Once My Chains Were Loosed: How The Black Panther Party Freed Me From My Colonized Mind, Linda Garrett

Doctoral Dissertations

The Black Panther Party was an iconic civil rights organization that started in Oakland, California, in 1966. Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, the Party was a political organization that sought to serve the community and educate marginalized groups about their power and potential. This study examined the seminal texts about the creation of the Party that were written by the Party’s founders: Seize the Time (Seale, 1970), Revolutionary Suicide (Newton, 2009) and War Against the Panthers: A Study of Repression in America (Newton, 1980). Document analysis of these texts identified the main themes of preparation, connection, love the …

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Exploring Factors Influencing The Willingness To Communicate Among English-As-A-Second Language University Students, Chi-Fang (Michelle) Chang Jan 2018

Exploring Factors Influencing The Willingness To Communicate Among English-As-A-Second Language University Students, Chi-Fang (Michelle) Chang

Doctoral Dissertations

This present study anchored its inquiry in English oral communication and learning English as a second language. The purpose of the study was to explore the factors that influence the willingness to communicate (WTC) of ESL university students from the perspectives of both the students and their oral communication professor. Since the 1980s, WTC among ESL university students has attracted increasing attention because helping them communicate authentically is essential. WTC is correlated with overall English language proficiency because of its equal weight with the other language skills. Therefore, ESL students have targeted WTC as a vital skill. However, research on …

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