Digital Commons Network^™

Prevalence, Characteristics And Correlates Of Prediabetes In Al Ain And Dubai, The Uae: Cross Sectional Study, Layla Mohamed Hassan Ali Al Marzooqi

Health and Physical Education Dissertations

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has one of the highest rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the world. Prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a period of moderate hyperglycemia is often present, referred to as prediabetes. This is associated with a significant loss of pancreatic beta cells, an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other serious health issues. There are gaps in the literature concerning the prevalence of prediabetes and its associated correlates, as well as correlations between the conversion rates from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary objective of this study was to …

Self-Care And Self-Compassion Of Disaster Responders: Predictors Of Resilience, Marie F. Macedonia

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Every year, natural and human-made disasters occur around the world bringing chaos and destruction to unsuspecting populations. Disaster responders, both trained professionals and volunteers, rally from around the world to provide care, help, and support to survivors of these catastrophes. Responders operate often in tragic circumstances and are exposed to various stressors. Despite a large body of literature on self-care and growing research on self-compassion and their respective effects on resilience (Friborg et al., 2006; Germer & Neff, 2013; Leary, Tate, Adams, Allen, & Hancock, 2007; Roysircar, 2008) there exists no measure that assesses first responders’ self-care, self-compassion, resilience, and …

From The Perspectives Of School Staff: The Helpful And Hindering Factors Of Recovery From A School Crisis, Andria Weiser

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The impact of a violent event at a high school has an effect that ripples throughout the entire community. The present study sought to review what led teachers and school staff to recover after an unexpected violent event killed two students. The study sought to understand the process of recovery, including the post crisis intervention, response, and factors of personal resiliency, from the perspective of the staff and teachers involved. Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT), a robust qualitative research methodology used to study phenomenological constructs in a systematic way, was employed to give voice to the participants and understand the …

The N-Acyltransferase Lnt: Structure-Function Insights From Recent Simultaneous Studies, Wei Chang, Declan A. Doyle, Toufic El Arnaout

Articles

Bacterial lipoproteins have been researched for decades due to their roles in a large number of biological functions. There were no structures of their main three membrane processing enzymes, until 2016 for Lgt and LspA, and then 2017 for Lnt with not one but three simultaneous, independent publications. We have analyzed the recent findings for this apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase Lnt, with comparisons between the novel structures, and with soluble nitrilases, to determine the significance of unique features in terms of substrate's recognition and binding mechanism influenced by exclusive residues, two transmembrane helices, and a flexible loop.

Combating Staphylococcus Aureus And Its Methicillin Resistance Gene (Meca) With Cold Plasma, Xinyu Liao, Patrick J. Cullen, Donghong Liu, Aliyu Idris Muhammad, Shiguo Chen, Xingqian Ye, Jun Wang, Tian Ding

Articles

The increase in antibiotic resistance has become a global challenge to public health. In this study, an atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) system was applied for combating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its methicillin resistance gene (mecA) during food wastewater treatment. The plate count and flow cytometry methods were employed to estimate the damage in MRSA induced by plasma treatment. A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method was used to assess the plasma-induced degradation of the mecA genes. The inactivation of MRSA and degradation of extracellular (e-) and intracellular (i-)mecA genes were investigated in phosphate buffered solution as a function of plasma …

Chemical Modifications Of Lipids And Proteins By Nonthermal Food Processing Technologies, Juan M. PéRez-AndréS, CléMentine Charoux, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh K. Tiwari

Articles

A range of nonthermal techniques have demonstrated process efficacy in ensuring product safety, extension of shelf life, and in general a retention of key quality attributes. However, various physical, chemical and biochemical effects of nonthermal techniques on macro and micro nutrients are evident, leading to both desirable and undesirable changes in food products. The objective of this review is to outline the effects of nonthermal techniques on food chemistry and the associated degradation mechanisms with the treatment of foods. Oxidation is one of the key mechanisms responsible for undesirable effects induced by nonthermal techniques. Degradation of key macromolecules largely depends …

Through The Smoke: Do Current Civil Liability Laws Address The Unique Issues Presented By The Recreational Marijuana Industry?, Thomas Stufano

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Protein And Lipid Characterization Of Acheta Domesticus, Bombyx Mori, And Locusta Migratoria Dry Flours, Emily N. Brogan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cricket (Acheta domesticus), silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori), and locust (Locusta migratoria) dry flours were obtained to examine the biochemical properties and composition of the flours. This study aimed to characterize the protein and lipid components of three insect species utilizing proximate composition analyses, amino acid composition analysis, protein solubility, SDS-PAGE, fatty acid composition analysis, and thin layer chromatography to determine lipid classes, and lipid extraction efficiency. Kjeldahl determined the cricket, locust, and silkworm flours contained 72.0%, 53.1%, and 71.2% protein, respectively. All proximate composition analyses were significantly (p< 0.05) different between species. Amino acid composition analysis revealed that the flours contained 3.6-3.9% and 0.90-1.5% of lysine and methionine, respectively. Many countries have cereal grains and legumes as a staple in their diet that contain these limiting amino acids. Essential amino acids were 22% of total amino acids. Protein solubility revealed that the three species studied were most soluble in alkaline environments with highest protein solubility occurring at pH 13 at 66% solubility in silkworm. Lowest solubility occurred in more acidic conditions between pH 4-5. SDS-PAGE revealed five major protein fractions with estimated molecular weights of 27 (cuticle proteins), 41 (arginine kinase), which has been identified as an allergen in shrimp, 42 (actin), 71 (hemocyanin), and 220 myosin) kDa. Soxhlet extraction determined cricket, silkworm, and locust flours contained 15.4%, 33.3%, and 11.4% lipid, respectively. The only omega-3 fatty acid found in the flours was α-linolenic acid. Silkworm flour contained the most α-linolenic acid at 33.3% of total fatty acids, followed by locust (13.7%), and cricket (0.6%). TLC resolved lipids for typical lipid classes. The four major lipid classes noted were triacylglycerol, free fatty acid, cholesterol, and phospholipid. Lipid extraction efficiency found that the organic solvents chloroform and methanol had the highest lipid extraction yield in both cricket (69.3%) and locust (93.0%). Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) extracted lipids most efficiently in the silkworm. Proteins and lipids found in insects need to be isolated to further or commercial use.

Data Pollution, Omri Ben-Shahar

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

Digital information is the fuel of the new economy.But like the old economy’s carbon fuel, it also pollutes. Harmful “data emissions” are leaked into the digital ecosystem, disrupting social institutions and public interests. This article develops a novel framework—data pollution— to rethink the harms the data economy creates and the way they have to be regulated. It argues that social intervention should focus on the external harms from collection and misuse of personal data. The article challenges the hegemony of the prevailing view—that the injuries from digital data enterprise are exclusively private. That view has led lawmakers to focus solely …

The Body Politic: Federalism As Feminism In Health Reform, Elizabeth Mccuskey

Faculty Scholarship

This essay illuminates how modern health law has been mainstreaming feminism under the auspices of health equity and social determinants research. Feminism shares with public health and health policy both the empirical impulse to identify inequality and the normative value of pursing equity in treatment. Using the Affordable Care Act's federal health insurance reforms as a case study of health equity in action, the essay exposes the feminist undercurrents of health insurance reform and the impulse toward mutuality in a body politic. The essay concludes by revisiting-from a feminist perspective-scholars' arguments that equity in health insurance is essential for human …

The Effects Of Chitosan On Resveratrol-Loaded Zein Nanoparticles, Brian Sohn

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound showing health benefits, including anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, anti-HIV/AIDS, neuro-protective, and cardio-protective activities. It has been proposed as a promising dietary supplement or functional ingredient in foods to lower the prevalence of many chronic diseases. However, due to the molecule’s chemical instability, low bioavailability, and poor water solubility, its application was vastly limited. Therefore, extensive research has been conducted regarding microencapsulation of resveratrol. In this study, resveratrol was double encapsulated with zein, a prolamine protein found in maize, and chitosan, a hydrophilic, linear polysaccharide derived from chitin via a deacetylation reaction. Due to their biocompatible, …

Social-Emotional Skills For Early Learning With Preschool Students: A Program Evaluation, Tory Denyse Hagains

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this applied dissertation study was to evaluate the implementation of a program entitled Second Step for Early Learning to determine if the program would significantly improve social-emotional competence in young children. The participants included six teachers from a preschool program located in an urban school district in Pennsylvania. Data-collection sources included surveys, interviews, and a review of lesson plans. Data analysis employed both quantitative and qualitative procedures.Findings from three data sources in combination with training indicated that implementation of the program increased social competence in young children. Research suggests that the overall result of the effectiveness of …

Impact Of A School-Based Obesity Intervention For Minority Female High School Students, Eric Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

This applied dissertation was developed to determine if seven motivational group sessions would improve minority female high school students’ perceptions toward and knowledge of healthy lifestyle behaviors. The target population for this study was 15 female minority students ages 15-18 who attended a large urban high school and had a body mass index greater than 30.

Participants completed the Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs Scale for Teens and maintained a personal food journal. Within their personal food journals, participants listed the types and amounts of both foods they ate and beverages they consumed over two three-day periods. Participants also were supposed to …

Faculty Publications 2017, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 947 publications.

Gypenosides Altered Hepatic Bile Acids Homeostasis In Mice Treated With High Fat Diet, Yanliu Lu, Yimei Du, Lin Qin, Di Wu, Wei Wang, Lei Ling, Feifei Ma, Hua Ling, Li Yang, Changhong Wang, Zhengtao Wang, Xumei Zhou, Yuqi He

PCOM Scholarly Works

Abstract

Gypenosides extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino have significant role in reducing serum lipid level and treating fatty liver diseases, however, without clear mechanism. As gypenosides share the similar core structures with bile acids (the endogenous ligands of nuclear receptor FXR), we hypothesize that gypenosides may improve hypercholesterolemia via FXR-mediated bile acids signaling. The present study was designed to validate the role of gypenosides in reducing levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as in regulating bile acids homeostasis and related gene expression levels. The C57BL/6 male mice were divided into four …

The Impact Of Place-Based Determinants Of Health On Utilization Of Emergency Department Services, Tehreem Rehman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether higher prevalence of place-based structural determinants of health inequity is directly associated with frequent utilization of services in the emergency department. Chi-square and t-test analyses found that compared to non-frequent ED users, frequent ED users were older (mean age 43.18 vs. 35.23, p

Acknowledgements

The student author of this thesis is grateful for all the guidance and support provided by both faculty and community mentors. She is thankful for the time of Mark Abraham, Executive Director of DataHaven, who expressed faith in this project and its potential to inform subsequent initiatives …

Medicalization Of Rural Poverty: Challenges For Access, Elizabeth Weeks

Scholarly Works

This article was prepared for a live conference, on “The Medicalization of Poverty,” held at the University of Illinois College of Law, and a symposium to be published in the Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. My piece focuses on a constellation of challenges for health care delivery and access to care in rural areas. Discussions regarding health and poverty often seem to focus on the admittedly persistent and multilayered problems of the urban poor: unemployment, substandard and unaffordable housing, violent crime, nutrition and “food desserts,” recreation and safe outdoor spaces, and under-resourced public schools, to name a few. While …

Improving The Physical Activity And Outdoor Play Environment Of Family Child Care Homes In Nebraska Through Go Nutrition And Physical Activity Self-Assessment For Child Care, Danae Dinkel, Dipti A. Dev, Yage Guo, Emily Hulse, Zainab Rida, Ami Sedani, Brian Coyle

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine if the Go Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment in Child Care (Go NAP SACC) intervention was effective in improving best practices in the areas of infant and child physical activity and outdoor play and learning in family child care homes (FCCHs) in Nebraska. Methods: FCCHs (n = 201) participated in a pre– post evaluation using the Infant and Child Physical Activity and Outdoor Play and Learning assessments from the Go NAP SACC validated measure to assess compliance with best practices. Results: At post, FCCHs demonstrated significant differences in 85% of the …

Predictors Of Parent Engagement Based On Child Care Providers’ Perspectives, Aileen Garcia, Dipti A. Dev, Virginia C. Stage

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Objective: Determine the predictors of child care providers’ parent engagement regarding child nutrition in child care centers (CCCs) and family child care homes (FCCHs).

Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Child care centers and FCCHs. Participants: Child care center directors (n = 337) and FCCH providers (n = 1,153) completed a self-administered survey.

Main outcome measures: Fifteen variables were examined as predictors for parent engagement: providers’ perceived barriers to communication, participation in Go Nutrition and Physical Self-Assessment in Child Care, National Association for the Education of Young Children accreditation, participation in Quality Ratings and Improvement Systems, feeding practices, and professional …

Assessment Of Nutrition Knowledge Of Childcare Providers Regarding The Implementation Of The 2017 Cacfp Meal Pattern Update, Zainab Rida, Christy Burger, Dipti A. Dev, Jasmin Smith, Saima Hasmin

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: With the release of 2017 Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) meal pattern, states need to determine knowledge gaps in order to develop targeted training materials and resources to aid childcare providers in achieving new regulations. Purpose: To assess the nutrition knowledge of childcare providers in regards to the implementation of the 2017 CACFP meal pattern. Methods: Convenience sampling, where CACFP participants (n = 398) completed a self-reported survey at the annual mandatory trainings across the state of Nebraska, was employed in this study. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, means, standard deviations, independent sample t tests, and chi-square tests …

Understanding Parental Ethnotheories And Practices About Healthy Eating: Exploring The Developmental Niche Of Preschoolers, Deepa Srivastava, Julia C. Torquati, Maria Rosario De Guzman, Dipti A. Dev

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Purpose: To understand parental ethnotheories (i.e., belief systems) and practices about preschoolers’ healthy eating guided by the developmental niche framework.

Design: Qualitative hermeneutic phenomenology.

Setting: Home.

Participants: Participants were 20 parents of preschool-age children ages 3 to 5 years, recruited from a quantitative investigation. A majority of the participants were white, female, married, well educated, and working full time.

Methods: Participants who completed the quantitative survey were asked to provide their contact information if they were willing to be interviewed. From the pool of participants who expressed their willingness to participate in the interviews, 20 participants were selected …

Validation Of Vulnerability Markers Of Dysfunctions In The Socioemotional Development Of Infants, Daniel Ignacio Da Silva, Débora Falleiros De Mello, Renata Ferreira Takahashi, Cody S. Hollist, Verônica De Azevedo Mazza, Maria De La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Freshman Weight Gain Phenomenon: Does It Apply To Lebanese Students?, Suzan A. Haidar, Nanne K. De Vries, Dimitrios Papandreou, Rana Rizk, Mirey Karavetian

All Works

© 2018 Suzan A. Haidar, Nanne de Vries, Dimitrios Papandreou, Rana Rizk, Mirey Karavetian. BACKGROUND: When transitioning from high school to university, students tend to gain weight. AIM: The study aimed to identify whether Lebanese students experience weight changes during the transition and to identify predisposing factors. METHODS: Eighty freshman students from four campuses in Lebanon were recruited in October 2015. Students were assessed anthropometrically and biochemically at two-time points, seven months apart. Students filled out questionnaires assessing demographic and lifestyle habits, physical activity levels, nutrition knowledge, sleep quality, and stress. RESULTS: The students gained approximately 4.19 lbs. (1.90 kg). …

Calcium Signaling In The Ventricular Myocardium Of The Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat, L. Al Kury, M. Smail, M. A. Qureshi, V. Sydorenko, A. Shmygol, M. Oz, J. Singh, F. C. Howarth

All Works

© 2018 L. Al Kury et al. The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and high mortality linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern worldwide. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated a variety of diastolic and systolic dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the severity of abnormalities depending on the patients' age and duration of diabetes. The cellular basis of hemodynamic dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic heart is still not well understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate our current understanding of contractile dysfunction and disturbances of Ca2+ transport in the Goto-Kakizaki …

The Epidemiology And Economic Burden Of Obesity And Related Cardiometabolic Disorders In The United Arab Emirates: A Systematic Review And Qualitative Synthesis, Hadia Radwan, Rami A. Ballout, Hayder Hasan, Nader Lessan, Mirey Karavetian, Rana Rizk

All Works

Copyright © 2018 Hadia Radwan et al. Background. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are considered as a global health problem and considered as a public health priority with the more considerable increasing trend of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders rates in the Middle Eastern countries. This systematic review aims at assessing the prevalence, incidence rates, and trends, as well as the cost of obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods. A highly sensitive strategy was used to retrieve original observational studies, addressing the epidemiology and cost of obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders in the UAE, irrespective of nationality …

Microplastics In Different Tissues Of Fish And Prawn From The Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf., Sajjad Abbasi, Naghmeh Soltani, Behnam Keshavarzi, Farid Moore, Andrew Turner, Mina Hassanaghaei

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Commercially-important species of fish and a crustacean from four sites in the Musa estuary and a site in the Persian Gulf have been analysed for the presence and location of microplastics (MPs). A total of 828 MPs were detected in the guts (gastrointestinal tracts), skin, muscle, gills and liver of demersal and pelagic fish (Platycephalus indicus, Saurida tumbil, Sillago sihama, Cynoglossus abbreviatus) from all five sites and in the exoskeleton and muscle of the tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus, from three sites. On an individual basis, MPs were most abundant in P. indicus (mean = 21.8) and least frequently encountered in …

Application Of Field-Portable-Xrf For The Determination Of Trace Elements In Deciduous Leaves From A Mine-Impacted Region, Andrew Turner, Chor Chi Chan, Murray T. Brown

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Four Days Of Simulated Shift Work Reduces Insulin Sensitivity In Humans, R. Bescos, M. J. Boden, M. L. Jackson, A. J. Trewin, E. C. Marin, I. Levinger, A. Garnham, D. S. Hiam, F. Falcao-Tebas, F. Conte, J. A. Owens, D. J. Kennaway, G. K. Mcconell

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Global Health Trials Methodological Research Agenda: Results From A Priority Setting Exercise, Anna Rosala-Hallas, Aneel Bhangu, Jane Blazeby, Louise Bowman, Mike Clarke, Trudie Lang, Mona Nasser, Nandi Siegfried, Karla Soares-Weiser, Matt R. Sydes, Duolao Wang, Junhua Zhang, Paula R. Williamson

More Faculty of Health Research

No abstract provided.

Protein Provision In Critically Ill Adults Requiring Enteral Feeding, A Mitchell, R Clemente, C Downer, F Greer, K Allan, A Collinson, S Taylor

School of Health Professions

Background: In a previous audit, 81% of enteral protein prescriptions failed to meet protein guidelines. To address this, a very high protein enteral formula and protein supplements were introduced, and protein prescriptions were adjusted to account for non-nutritional energy sources displacing enteral formula. This follow-up audit compared protein provision in critically ill adults requiring exclusive enteral nutrition (EN), firstly, to local and international guidelines and, secondly, following changes to practice, with the previous audit in the same ICU. Methods: Data collected from 106 adults consecutively admitted to the ICU of a UK tertiary hospital and requiring exclusive EN ≥3 days. …