Digital Commons Network^™

2018 Annual Report, Louisiana Rice Research Board, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Rice Research Board Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Reducing Cardiovascular Disparities Through Community-Engaged Implementation Research: A National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute Workshop Report, George A. Mensah, Richard S. Cooper, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Lisa A. Cooper, Justin D. Smith, C. Hendricks Brown, John M. Westfall, Elizabeth O. Ofili, Leshawndra N. Price, Sonia Arteaga, Melissa C. Green Parker, Cheryl R. Nelson, Bradley J. Newsome, Nicole Redmond, Rebecca A. Roper, Bettina M. Beech, Jada L. Brooks, Debra Furr-Holden, Samson Y. Gebreab, Wayne H. Giles, Regina Smith James, Tené T. Lewis, Ali H. Mokdad, Kari D. Moore, Joseph E. Ravenell, Al Richmond, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Mario Sims, Gopal K. Singh, Anne E. Sumner, Roberto P. Treviño, Karriem S. Watson, M. Larissa Avilés-Santa

Faculty Publications

Cardiovascular disparities remain pervasive in the United States. Unequal disease burden is evident among population groups based on sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, nativity, or geography. Despite the significant declines in cardiovascular disease mortality rates in all demographic groups during the last 50 years, large disparities remain by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Recent data from modeling studies, linked micromap plots, and small-Area analyses also demonstrate prominent variation in cardiovascular disease mortality rates across states and counties, with an especially high disease burden in the southeastern United States and Appalachia. Despite these continued disparities, few large-scale intervention studies …

Female Caribbean Immigrants' Perceptions Of The Influence Of Immigration On Obesity, Kerryann Nelson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity is a significant global issue, and its incidence has increased over time. A substantial percentage of the U.S. population suffers from this disease with a relatively high prevalence seen in individuals from the Caribbean. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore Caribbean women's perception of how migration to South Florida may have impacted the onset of obesity in this population. The social ecological model provided the framework for the study. Data were collected from 1-on-1 interviews held with 12 female participants between the ages of 18 and 35, who previously resided in the Caribbean at a healthy …

Recognizing The Danger Zone: Response Of Female White-Tailed To Discrete Hunting Events, Jeffery D. Sullivan, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Bret A. Collier, Charles R. Ruth, Joshua B. Raglin

Faculty Publications

The landscape of fear theory proposes that prey should utilize habitat over space and time such that demographic risk is minimized. White-Tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus respond to temporally and spatially predictable threats posed by humans consistent with the landscape of fear theory. However, few studies examining the response of deer to hunting have accounted for the localized nature of risk. To determine if white-Tailed deer are able to recognize and respond to risks posed by hunters relative to specific hunting locations, we equipped 38 female white-Tailed deer with GPS collars August-December 2013-2015. Deer were generally found to increase use of …

Metabolic And Mechanical Effects Of Laddermill Graded Exercise Testing, Timothy D. Allerton, Conrad P. Earnest, Neil M. Johannsen

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolic responses and mechanical impact forces during a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) on a laddermill (LM) vs. a standard treadmill (TM). Twenty college-aged men (n = 10) and women completed a GXT on the TM and LM in random order. During the GXT, expired gases (VO2 and VCO2), heart rate, accelerometer data, blood lactate (BLa), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected in the last minute of each stage. Data were analyzed by paired t-tests and presented herein as mean ± SD. Treadmill exercise resulted in a higher VO2peak …

Double-Crop Soybean Response To Potassium On Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain And Piedmont Soils, Md Rasel Parvej, Anna S. Williams, David L. Holshouser, William H. Frame, Mark S. Reiter

Faculty Publications

Potassium fertilization research on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] double cropped with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is lacking. We characterized double-crop soybean response to fertilizer K across 22 Coastal Plain and Piedmont sites with and/or without wheat straw removal during 2013 to 2015. Mehlich-1 soil-K concentrations at 0- to 15- and 0- to 30-cm depths were better in explaining relative yield variability (r2 = 0.80), defining critical soil-K concentrations that ranged from 40 to 75 mg K kg–1 for 0- to 15-cm and 36 to 66 mg K kg–1 for 0- to 30-cm depths, and identifying K-deficient sites (100% …

Correlation And Calibration Of Soil-Test Potassium From Different Soil Depths For Full-Season Soybean On Coarse-Textured Soils, Anna S. Williams, Md Rasel Parvej, David L. Holshouser, William H. Frame, Mark S. Reiter

Faculty Publications

Quantifying soil-K availabilities at deeper depths may be necessary to determine optimum fertilizer-K rate for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown on low cation exchange capacity (CEC) soils that are prone to K leaching. We characterized full-season soybean response to fertilizer-K across 19 coarse-textured low- CEC sites during 2013 and 2014. Mehlich-1 soil-K concentrations at 0- to 15- and 0- to 30-cm depths better correlated with relative yield and explained 90% of relative yield variation compared to 77% for 0- to 60-cm depth. Critical soil-K concentrations were similar for relative yield, V5 plant-K concentration, and R2 leaf-K concentration, ranging from …

Gluten-Free Bakery And Pasta Products: Prevalence And Quality Improvement, Yupeng Gao, Marlene E. Janes, Busarawan Chaiya, Margaret A. Brennan, Charles S. Brennan, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul

Faculty Publications

An increasing demand of gluten-free (GF) products is caused by a growing number of diagnosed coeliacs and a consumption trend to eliminate allergenic proteins from diet. Driven by the rapidly growing market, comprehensive understanding of GF products is necessary. The purpose of this review was to concisely present an overview of various approaches to improve physicochemical and sensory qualities of GF bread, cake/muffin and pasta/noodle products. Some novel techniques used in GF products were discussed in this review. These techniques included the use of different alternative flours (including GF cereals, pseudo-cereals, legume flours, fruit and vegetable powders and seafood powders), …

Investigating The Role Of Mitochondrial Respiratory Dysfunction During Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis, James T.F. Wise, Lei Wang, Michael C. Alstott, Ntube N.O. Ngalame, Yuting Wang, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi

Faculty Publications

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a lung carcinogen and its complete mechanism of action remains to be investigated. Metabolic reprogramming of key energy metabolism pathways (e.g., increased anaerobic glycolysis in the presence of oxygen or “Warburg effect,” dysregulated mitochondrial function, and lipogenesis) are important to cancer cell and tumor survival and growth. In our current understanding of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis, the role for metabolic reprogramming remains unclear. In this study, we treated human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) with Cr(VI) for 6 months and obtained malignantly transformed cells from an isolated colony grown in soft agar. We also used Cr(VI)-transformed cells from two …

Effect Of Exogenous Amylase And Protease On Ruminal Metabolism, Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Microbiome, And Lactation Performance Of Dairy Cows Fed Freshly Ensiled Corn Silage Based Diets, Lauren Kaye Shearer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of feeding exogenous amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes on lactation performance of dairy cows fed freshly ensiled corn silage-based diets. We hypothesized that the addition of these enzymes would improve nutrient utilization and consequently lactation performance. Thirty-six Holstein cows [15 multiparous and 15 primiparous; DIM = 132 ± 48 and 6 cannulated (3 multiparous and 3 primiparous; DIM = 164 ± 50] were blocked by milk yield, DIM, parity, and body weights and used in a 9 wk randomized complete block design study.. Treatments were a 40% (DM basis) corn silage …

Effectiveness Of A Low-Budget Sports Vision Training Program For Improving Batting Statistics Of An Ncaa Division I Baseball Team, Adam J. Melstrom

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Sports vision training (SVT) has been increasing in popularity among many dynamic reactive sports. Dynamic reactive sports require extremely accurate detection and discrimination of visual stimuli in order to execute a precise motor response. Manual interception, locomotion, and depth judgement are found to be the most important visuomotor abilities with interceptive sports such as baseball. Baseball is a highly visually demanding sport, especially offensively. The effectiveness of the batter is dependent on his/her ability to locate, track, and swing at a projectile in ~0.2 seconds. This presents the opportunity to implement an SVT program with a baseball team as …

The Impact Of Sarcopenic Obesity On Inflammation, Lean Body Mass, And Muscle Strength In Elderly Women, Dahan Da Cunha Nascimento, Samuel Da Cunha Oliveira, Denis Cesar Leite Vieira, Silvana Schwerz Funghetto, Alessandro Oliveira Silva, Renato Valduga, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Jonato Prestes

Publications and Research

Objective: The objective of this study was to apply the newly standardized definition for sarcopenia from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the current definition for obesity to 1) determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in obese elderly women; 2) compare the muscle strength, lean body mass, and markers of inflammation between obese elderly women with SO and nonsarcopenic obesity (NSO), and 3) elucidate the relation- ship between appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (aLM/BMI) with muscle strength, lean body mass, and obesity indices.

Methods: A total of 64 elderly obese women (age: …

Prediction, Persuasion, And The Jurisprudence Of Behaviorism, Frank Pasquale, Glyn Cashwell

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

University Of New Hampshire Graduate Academic Catalog, 2018-2019, University Of New Hampshire

Graduate Catalog

No abstract provided.

The Holobiont With Its Hologenome Is A Level Of Selection In Evolution, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Rosenberg, I. Zilber-Rosenberg

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Development Of Polylactic Acid (Pla)-Based Nanocomposite Films For Smart Food Packaging Applications, Zeyad Albahr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Most of current food packaging resources are non-renewable and nonbiodegradable. The use of these materials has resulted in serious environmental issues. In recent years, the recognition of waste disposal problems and their impacts on the environment has risen the demand for packaging manufactured from renewable materials. However, there are some limitations of using biopolymers for food packaging applications. These limitations include unreliable mechanical and barrier properties. These issues may be addressed by combining biopolymers and nanotechnologies. Nanotechnologies are expected to improve the performance of biopolymer-based packaging materials for food packaging applications. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) has shown a potential to be …

Localization Of Microcalcification On The Mammogram Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network, Jieun Jhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and the mammogram is the most widely used screening technique for breast cancer. To make a diagnosis in the early stage of breast cancer, the appearance of masses and microcalcifications on the mammogram are two crucial indicators. Notably, the early detection of malignant microcalcifications can facilitate the diagnosis and the treatment of breast cancer at the appropriate time. Making an accurate evaluation on microcalcifications is a timeconsuming and challenging task for the radiologists due to the small size and the low contrast of microcalcification. Compared to the background and mammogram …

Impacts Of Diverse Crop Rotations And Integrated Crop-Livestock System On Soil Quality In South Dakota, Atilla Polat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Crop diversification can be beneficial in improving soil quality parameters. Diverse crop rotations and integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS), are two examples of crop diversification used in this study to assess soil quality. The objectives of this study were to: (i) assess the impacts of diverse rotations on soil quality parameters, and (ii) assess the impacts of low and high stocking density on soil quality parameters. Both of the studies were conducted separately and are presented as two different chapters. To accomplish objective (i), a long-term experiment was selected which was established near Brookings, South Dakota, USA at USDA-ARS lab in …

Soybean Iron Deficiency Chlorosis: Quantitative Trait Locus Validation And Grain Yield Evaluation, Ahmed Charif

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Soybean production in most of the Northern Great Plain area has been challenged by iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), which is a physiological problem with a plant grown in high pH, calcareous soil. Developing IDC-resistant cultivars is the best approach to meet this challenge. Currently, this approach is limited by lack of knowledge about genetic resources and mechanisms for resistance to IDC. The objectives of this research were to validate quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with IDC and to evaluate the effect of IDC on yield in soybean cultivars. To validate the QTL, a population of 201 recombinant inbred lines, which …

Case Report: A Novel Ocular Screening Aid For Detection Of Sport-Related Concussion In High School Athletes, Payton Monson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop, implement and determine the general effectiveness of a novel battery of ocular tests referred to as the Rapid Ocular Screening Test (ROST) that can be performed efficiently on the sideline and is based on our current understanding of the physiological effects of blunt head trauma on ocular functioning.
Background: Assessment of ocular function following a suspected head-injury has been recognized as an important adjunct to a concussion evaluation protocol; however, sideline-screening recommendations currently do not include a comprehensive set of ocular functioning tests. Three high school student athletes who suffered a …

Evaluation Of An Essential Oil Blend And A Novel Soybean Variety As Alternatives To Preventative Antibiotic Use In Monogastrics, Samantha Tauer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing consumer pressure to minimize antibiotic use and the implementation of the Veterinary Feed Directive in 2017 has increased research on alternatives to preventative antibiotics. This thesis focuses on evaluation of Ralco’s Microfused™ Essential Oils (MEO) fed to broilers and soybean meal from low allergenicity soybeans fed to weaned pigs and their potential use as alternatives to antibiotics. Essential oils are known to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, and digestive stimulant effects. Low allergenicity (LA) soybeans were bred to contain significantly lower concentrations of the following anti-nutritional factors and allergenic proteins: Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, soybean agglutinin (lectin), and P34 (Gly m …

Stability Analysis Of Immunogenic Gliadin Accumulation In Hard Red Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), Stacy Lindblom-Dreis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Misconceptions regarding plant breeding objectives have led to speculation regarding the increasing prevalence of gluten intolerance, wheat allergy, and celiac disease. It is thought that contemporary wheat cultivars accumulate more immunogenic proteins than older cultivars because of supposed genetic changes effected through plant breeding strategies. This study evaluated the stability of gliadin accumulation in 191 hard red spring wheat cultivars grown in 12 location-years. Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed. A paired t test (N = 34) failed to find a statistically significant difference between the experimental ELISAs and the commercial R5 assay measures of mean gliadin (t = …

Urban Gardens And Nutrition In Sioux Falls, Sd, Austin Brynjulson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the global population recently surpassing seven and a half billion, questions about feeding the population have emerged. In the past, increased demand for food was addressed through increasing intensification of land use and increasing the area of land under cultivation. Despite these efforts, food insecurity has increased for much of the population over this period, where, according to the USDA, in the U.S. 49.1 million people were food insecure in 2013. Food insecurity in this regard is the lack of access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food at all times. While the complex global food system may be difficult …

The Role Of Genomic Versatility In Multi-Niche Preferences Of Escherichia Coli, Gitanjali Nandakafle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Escherichia coli strains are naturally present as either commensals or pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and some other vertebrates. Until recently, it was assumed that E. coli are solely associated with the gut and are unable to survive outside of a host for a long period of time, the basis of its use as an indicator organism. Recent reports suggest that E. coli can become naturalized to several tropical, subtropical or temperate soils and aquatic environments, where they have been isolated repeatedly. Several studies have shown that these strains are capable of surviving and proliferating in the environment …

Soybean Aphid Biotype 4 Resistance In Soja And Soybean Plant Introductions, Sophia R. Conzemius

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a major pest to soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Host plant resistance is a management tactic that uses naturally occurring soybean plant defenses to limit soybean aphid pest damage. Virulent soybean aphid biotypes are able to successfully colonize on certain aphid resistant soybean. Soybean aphid biotype 4 is most virulent, overcoming all commercially available soybean aphid resistant soybeans (Rag1, Rag2, and Rag1+Rag2). Additional sources of resistance to avirulent biotypes have been identified in soja and soybean plant introductions (PIs). This study examined those resistant soja and soybean for resistance to the newly found soybean …

Determinants Of Tipping Behavior: Evidence From Us Restaurants, Nusrat Jahan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to analyze people’s tipping behavior to assess the factors that determine both the likelihood of leaving a tip and tip size in US restaurants. A total 2,334 away from home eating events are considered in this study based on the nationally representative National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS) dataset. Two different tipping scenarios are considered for full-service restaurants to examine differences in customers’ behavior under two different situations. Considering that households’ tipping decisions and tip sizes are functions of the demand for personal interest (D"#, ) and the demand for social interest (D&#), different socio-demographic, …

A Study Of African Savanna Vegetation Structure, Patterning, And Change, Christoffer R. Axelsson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

African savannas cover roughly half of the continent, are home to a great diversity of wildlife, and provide ecosystem services to large populations. Savannas showcase a great diversity in vegetation structure, resulting from variation in climatic, edaphic, topographic, and biological factors. Fires play a large role as savannas are the most frequently burned ecosystems on Earth. To study how savanna vegetation structure shifts with environmental factors, it is necessary to gather site data covering the full gradient of climatic and edaphic conditions. Several earlier studies have used coarse resolution satellite remote sensing data to study variation in woody cover. These …

Microbial Communities And Their Impact On Bioenergy Crops In Dynamic Environments, Brandon Monier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Native perennial grasses, such as prairie cordgrass (PCG, Spartina pectinata Link), and switchgrass (SG, Panicum virgatum L.) have a great potential as bioenergy crops, because they require fewer inputs, produce more energy, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in comparison to annual cropping systems such as corn and soybean. SG has been selected by the U.S. Department of Energy for development as bioenergy crop, but studies have shown that PCG can outcompete switchgrass in terms of biomass production. These crops can also form associations with a wide variety of plant growth promoting microbes including arbuscular mycorrhial (AM) fungi. In CHAPTER 2, …

Evaluation Of Berberine As An Alternative To Antibiotics In Nursery Pig Diets, Emily Scholtz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pig weaning process results in reduced growth performance and gut health of weaned pigs. Antibiotics can be added in diets for weaned pigs to improve growth performance and gut health, but their use is being discouraged because they can lead to development of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Thus, there is need for alternatives to antibiotics in diets for weaned pigs. The overall goal of this thesis research was to determine the effects of plant extracts (berberine, quercetin, and allyl isothiocyante [AITC]) as alternatives to antibiotics in weaned pig diets. The first objective of the research was to determine in vitro antimicrobial …

What Is The Value Of Corn Residue To Grazing Cattle?, Emily Ann Petzel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The United States produces over 370,840,000,000 kg of corn grain and concomitantly more than 303,410,000,000 kg DM of non-grain corn residues (i.e., leaves, husks and stalk) from grain production annually. Although there is an abundance of available corn residue, only 12% of land planted to corn is grazed after harvest (Schmer, 2017), and based on current estimates of nutrient composition (NASEM, 2016), while 30% of available corn residues could maintain the entire United States cow herd. Grazing cattle often select diets with greater nutrient density and digestibility in comparison to the overall biomass available; however, most estimates of nutrient density …