Digital Commons Network^™

Using Instructed Response Times To Compare Inattentive Responding Across Paper And Online Modalities: Measuring Research Participant Inattention, Olivia B. Brooks

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

It is important to examine the equivalence of paper and online data collection methods across several domains. The current study compared paper versus online modalities from a data quality standpoint, with a specific focus on inattentive (i.e., careless) responding by using an easily-implemented method to capture participants’ careless responses: interspersing instructed response items (e.g., “Please select option 3, ‘Strongly disagree,’”) throughout a collection of 15 established measures. A between-subjects design compared the percentage of instructed response items missed (hence, inattentive responses) across three conditions: 1) lab paper, 2) lab online, and 3) non-lab online. The non-lab online condition was predicted …

How Much Certainty Do We Need To Punish? A Reply To Kolber, Chad Flanders

All Faculty Scholarship

Scene: Outside Brooklyn Law School, mid-morning. CHADF, a law professor, reads something on his phone while waiting for an Uber. He is holding a cup of coffee in his other hand. KOLBERT, also a law professor, is walking quickly, deep into editing his latest law review article, mostly oblivious to the outside world. KOLBERT collides with CHADF, causing him to spill coffee all over his shirt.

Composites For Hydraulic Structures: A Review, Yingxiang Lu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Composites for hydraulic structures: a review Composites have evolved over the years and are making major in-roads into the marine, aviation and other industries where corrosions and self-weight are the major impediments to advancing the state-of-the-art. Civil Works engineers have been reluctant to make use of these composite advantages, partially because of the absence of well documented success stories, accepted design and construction practices or specifications, and limited understanding of composites, higher initial costs and others. A few navigational structures using FRP composites have been designed, manufactured and installed in the United States of America and Netherlands, recently. US Army …

Characterizing Power For Seperation-Of-Powers Purposes, Tuan N. Samahon

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Descriptive Analysis Of The Fourth Amendment And The Third-Party Doctrine In The Digital Age, Lawrence J. Trautman, Peter Ormerod

Faculty Publications

There are few areas of constitutional law that raise scholars’ ire and trouble jurists like the Fourth Amendment’s third-party doctrine. Making sense of the Court’s distinctions between content and metadata and between personal communications and business records was already difficult with physical documents and analog technologies. But the proliferation of digital technologies has rendered obsolete the factual predicates underpinning those distinctions, and courts have struggled mightily with adapting third-party rules forged over thirty years ago to new technologies.

At the same time, the Supreme Court has become more explicit in fashioning distinct Fourth Amendment rules for digital 74 ALB. L.J. …

Addicts Speak: An Exploratory Ethnographic Study Of Opioid Addiction, James A. Hamm

Honors Theses

This thesis explores the experiences of people in recovery from opioid addiction in order to better understand the many process of recovery. Employing both participant observation and focused life history interview, and utilizing a grounded theory approach to data analysis, this research emphasizes data-driven conclusions. The research provides numerous insights into the process of recovery from opioid addiction, as well as factors that help to facilitate and sustain the process, the role that services play, and how services can be developed to better meet the needs of those in recovery.

Efficacy Of Brushing With Probiotics For The Reduction Of Gingivitis, Cheri L. Barton

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of brushing with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation. This study included 34 healthy adult subjects, ages 18-65, exhibiting gingivitis. Participants were asked to participate in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study testing whether brushing with L. reuteri probiotic drops added to toothpaste reduced the clinical parameters of gingivitis more than brushing with a placebo drop added to toothpaste.

Methods: Biological measurements of plaque accumulation were recorded using disclosing solution and an O’Leary Plaque Score (PS), and gingival inflammation was recorded using a modified …

Population Dynamics And Water Resource Consumption In Spokane, Wa, Daniel Jesus Castillo

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Pederasty In Ancient Greece: A View Of A Now Forbidden Institution, Catherine S. Donnay

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Monitoring The Influx Of Marine Derived Nitrogen And Characterizing Soil Food Webs Of Riparian Zones Of The Elwha River Watershed, Wa, Usa., Wendal R.H. Kane

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Nitrogen is often the most limiting nutrient to productivity in terrestrial ecosystems, and can have large effects on ecosystem processes. Two sources of nitrogen to Pacific Northwest riparian areas are marine derived nitrogen (MDN) via anadromous pacific salmon and symbiotic nitrogen fixation via Alnus rubra. The recent removal of two large dams on the Elwha River, WA, opened up ~60 km of previously inaccessible river habitat for pacific salmon. I used naturally abundant stable nitrogen isotopes (denoted as ‰ δ15N) to establish baseline data to monitor the influx of MDN to riparian zones of Elwha River tributaries, post dam removal. …

The Bi-Directional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota And Autoimmunity, Trevor O. Kirby

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Humans serve as a major reservoir for a vast number of microbiota. These microbes have evolved symbiotic relationships with humans due to their close proximity with their host. As a result, the immune system adapts to the microbiota thus modulating immunological function. Autoimmunity is a state in which there are aberrant immune responses produced against host tissue. Intestinal bacteria are directly impacted by instances of inflammation brought on by autoimmunity. The complicated nature between autoimmunity and bacterial modulation demonstrates a bi-directional relationship. Here, we utilize experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model for multiple sclerosis, to explore the bi-directional relationship that disease …

The Town That Houses Me, Taylor Kensel

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

A Proposal For A Technological Solution To Improve User Experience In A Shopping Center Based On Indoor Geolocation Services, Luinel Andrade, Johan Quintero, Eric Gamess, Antonio Russoniello

Research, Publications & Creative Work

For shopping centers, mobile devices and their associated technologies represent great business opportunities and a way to improve the user experience within their facilities. These types of constructions are usually quite large, multi-story, and with a significant number of shops, services, where the visitors may find themselves having difficulties to have a complete and up-to-date list of the stores, determine which stores and services are those that meet the characteristics or specifications they seek, know the location of the shops or how to reach them. This research studies and contemplates different technologies, tools, and approaches for the development of a …

Effect Of Epidural Dexmedetomidine With Or Without Local Anesthetics On Painscore And Serum Il-6 Levels In Dogs Undergoing Elective Ovariohysterectomy, Mudasir Ahmad Shah, Prakash Kinjavdekar, Amarpal -, Deepti Sharma, Abhijit Motiram Pawde, Abu Rafee Malik, Abas Rashid Bhat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

To evaluate the postoperative analgesic effects of epidural dexmedetomidine with or without local anesthetics, prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trials were performed with 24 healthy client-owned mixed-breed adult dogs with an average weight of 18.1 ± 2.4 kg allotted equally (n = 6) to four groups: A, B, C, and D. All animals were premedicated intramuscularly with atropine (0.04 mg/kg) and after 5 min by intravenous midazolam (0.7 mg/kg). After 10 min of premedication, in group A dexmedetomidine (7 µg/kg) and in groups B, C, and D, in addition to dexmedetomidine (7 µg/kg), lidocaine (4.4 mg/kg), bupivacaine (2 mg/kg), and ropivacaine …

Comparative Clinical And Parasitological Efficacy Of Moxidectin Pour-On, Ivermectin, And Piperazine Citrate On Toxocara Vitulorum Infection In Buffalo Calves (Bubalus Bubalis):A Randomized Clinical Trial, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Salama A. Osman, Magdy H. Al-Gaabary, Sabry A. Elkhodery

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Toxocara vitulorum is an important intestinal nematode that causes great economic losses in farm animals worldwide. However, there is a paucity in the development of effective and safe anthelmintic drugs against this parasite in buffalo calves. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antitoxocariasis efficacy of moxidectin, ivermectin, and piperazine citrate in buffalo calves. To achieve this purpose, 130 buffalo calves were randomly selected from Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt, and were examined for the presence of Toxocara vitulorum. Thirty calves were identified to be infected. Diseased calves were allocated randomly into 3 groups (10 each). The first group received moxidectin …

First Evidence Of Histological And Histochemical Intraspecific Differences In Salivary Glands In Brown Norway And Albino Wistar Rats, Flavia Ruxanda, Cristian Ratiu, Bianca Matosz, Radu Constantinescu, Viorel Miclaus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The size of salivary glands, acinar structure, and secretion particularities differ from one species to another and are influenced by diet and environment. In order to investigate whether there are histological or histochemical differences in the salivary glands of animals from the same species, bred in identical conditions of environment and diet, we assessed two laboratory rat strains. The salivary glands from two rat strains were processed for histological and histochemical investigations. Histologically, we noticed differences in the parotid gland: seromucous acini were present in Brown Norway rat and typical serous ones in Wistar rat. Histochemically, we observed that cells …

Evaluation Of Biological Response Modification And Immunotherapeutic Activities Of Barley-Derived Arabinoxylans Against Coccidiosis In Commercial Broilers, Masood Akhtar, Muteen Humayun, Zafar Iqbal, Mian Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Irfan Anwar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Plant-derived polysaccharides have been reported for diverse biological response modification (BRM) and immunotherapeutic (IT) activities in animals by activating their defense systems to perform better immunogenically against invading pathogens. Keeping this in view, this study was conducted to assess the BRM and IT activities of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-derived arabinoxylans (AXs) against coccidiosis in broilers. Significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) in vivo and in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to T-cell mitogens were revealed in broilers administered barley AXs when compared to the control group. Humoral immune response in terms of antibody titers against sheep erythrocytes was also found higher (P < 0.05) in AX-administered chickens. Furthermore, AX-administered chickens also showed higher weekly weight gains and improved feed conversion ratios as compared to controls. Results of the challenge experiment showed that the percentage of protection and daily weight gains were statistically higher (P < 0.05) whereas mean oocysts per gram of droppings and lesion scores were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the chickens administered barley AXs as compared to controls. In conclusion, barley-derived AXs led to better growth performance and elicited humoral and cellular immune responses in commercial broilers that persisted against coccidial infection in broiler chickens.

Ectoparasites Of Hares (Lepus Europaeus Pallas) In Konya Province, Turkey, Bi̇lal Di̇k, Uğur Uslu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to detect ectoparasites of hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas) between the years of 2003 and 2015 in Konya Province, Turkey. In this period, 75 hares shot by hunters were examined for ectoparasites macroscopically. Ectoparasites detected on the hares were collected with pliers and stored in tubes containing 70% ethanol. The ticks were identified under a stereo zoom microscope. Other parasites were cleared in 10% KOH, rinsed in distilled water, and transferred to 70%, 80%, and 99% ethanol, respectively, and mounted on slides in Canada balsam. They were identified under a binocular light microscope. The results showed that …

Virulence-Associated Genes And Molecular Typing Of Streptococcus Uberisassociated With Bovine Mastitis In Northern Thailand, Sukolrat Boonyayatra, Prasit Tharavichitkul, Stephen Oliver

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Streptococcus uberis is a major bovine mastitis pathogen. Several studies have revealed a persistence of specific strains of S. uberis with enhanced virulence or transmissibility. We aimed to investigate the presence of S. uberis virulence-associated genes including plasminogen activator (pauA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapC), oligopeptide permease (oppF), metal transporter uberis A (mtuA), hyaluronic acid capsules (hasA, hasB, hasC), lactoferrin binding protein (lbp), adhesion protein (sua), and CAMP factor (cfu) as well as the genetic profiles using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) among isolates from cases of clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and intramammary infection with low somatic cell count in dairy cows. A …

Hematological And Clinical Studies In West African Dwarf Sheepexperimentally Infected With Trypanosoma Brucei And Treated Withdiminazene Aceturate, Levamisole, And Vitamin A, Clara Akpan, Nwakaego Nweze, Cornelius Chukwu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of diminazene aceturate (DA), levamisole, and/or vitamin A on hematological and clinical parameters of West African dwarf sheep experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei were studied. Twenty-four adult sheep were randomly assigned to 6 groups of 4 animals. They were infected with 1 × 10$^{6}$ trypanosomes intravenously (groups 2?6) or were uninfected (group 1). Treatment was administered 2 weeks post infection (PI) in all treated groups, except group 5, which was treated 3 weeks PI. Group 2 (positive control) received 7 mg/kg DA. Group 3 received 7 mg DA and 5 mg levamisole per kilogram of body weight. Group …

Identification Of Sarcocystis Spp. By Polymerase Chain Reaction And Microscopic Examination In Various Beef Products (Minced Meat, Meatballs, Fermented Sausage), Ufuk Kamber, Mükremi̇n Özkan Arslan, Güven Gülbaz, Gencay Taşkin Taşçi, Ati̇la Akça

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sarcocystis species are the most commonly encountered parasitic organisms in animals. Sarcocystis hominis (Sarcocystis bovihominis), the species found in beef cattle, is not visible macroscopically in muscle tissue. In recent years it has been established that, in addition to being a zoonotic parasite transmitted via the consumption of beef, the parasite produces toxins and causes food poisoning. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to determine the extent to which Sarcocystis species are present in minced meat, meatballs, and fermented sausages produced from beef and marketed in Kars. A total of 150 samples, 50 of each product, were collected in …

Gene Expression Levels In Some Candidate Genes For Mastitis Resistance, Milk Yield, And Milk Quality Of Goats Reared Under Different Feeding Systems, Akin Yakan, Hüseyi̇n Özkan, Aysel Eraslan Şakar, Necmetti̇n Ünal, Ceyhan Özbeyaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to identify the expression levels of some candidate genes for mastitis resistance (LTF and BRCA1), milk yield (POU1F1 and IGF-1), and milk quality (PPARγ and CSN2) in different feeding systems (pen- and pasture-based) used for Damascus goats. Milk samples were taken from all goats in both pen and pasture groups at 4 times, at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th months of the study. It was found that, compared to the pen group, the LTF and CSN2 genes in the pasture group had significant levels of upregulation in the 7th month of lactation (3.538- and 5.436-fold, respectively), …

Certain Behavioral Characteristics And Stress Responses Of Out-Of-Breedingewes And Rams During An Intensive Fattening Program, Hülya Yalçintan, Eli̇f Ergül Eki̇z, Bülent Eki̇z, Ömür Koçak, Deni̇z Aktaran Bala, Alper Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim was to investigate behaviors and stress responses of rams and ewes in an intensive fattening period. Out-of-breeding rams (Hemsin = 10, Karakul = 10) and ewes (Hemsin = 8, Karakul = 10) were used in the study. Sheep and rams belonging to each breed were placed into four different pens. Behavioral observations (individual, feeding, abnormal self-grooming behaviors) were performed 2 days a week for two groups a day for 1 h. Blood samples were collected at the beginning, at the 4th week, and at the end of the fattening period. Karakul ewes displayed significantly more feeding and rumination …

The Application Of Edta-Tris And Chlorhexidine In The Treatment Of Endometritis As A Replacement For Antibiotic Therapy In Cows, Igor Stojanov, Aleksandar Milovanovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Radomir Ratajac, Milica Zivkov Balos, Nevena Maksimovic, Jelena Apic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The treatment of reproductive disorders is based on the use of the available antibiotics or antiseptic agents. Prolonged or inadequate antibiotic treatment contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistances, while the use of antiseptics, particularly in high concentrations, leads to endometrial lesions and prolonging of the service period. The present study included monitoring of: 1) reproductive disorders of cows; 2) cytological, morphological, and bacteriological laboratory analyses; 3) susceptibility testing of isolated bacterial and reference strains to the EDTA-Tris (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-hydroxymethyl aminomethane) and chlorhexidine (CHX); and 4) an estimate of the time before onset of the new sexual cycle. …

Survey Of Dirofilaria Immitis In Dogs From Sivas Province In Thecentral Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Ahmet Duran Ataş, Kürşat Altay, Ahmet Ali̇m, Erkan Özkan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this research, we investigate the prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs using microscopical, serological, and molecular methods from the Central Anatolia Region (Sivas) of Turkey and reveal the associated risk factors. Whole blood and serum samples were obtained from 306 dogs older than 7 months. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the modified Knott's method (Knott) were used for detecting the microfilaria and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied for the presence of D. immitis antigens. The prevalence of D. immitis in dogs was detected as 2.9% (9/306) by PCR and ELISA and as 1.3% (4/306) by Knott. All …

Evaluation Of Red Meat Consumption In Terms Of Food Safety In Turkey, Yurdakul Saçli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate consumer preferences regarding consumption of red meat and to examine the knowledge levels of consumers about food safety and to establish the relationship between food safety and consumer preferences considering consumers? socioeconomic situation and purchasing and consuming behaviors related to red meat products. For this aim, interviews with 2690 households in 12 provincial centers in Turkey were conducted. Processed red meat consumption, ages, sex, education level, number of total people in the households, incomes, trust degrees in stages from production to consumption of red meat, and the effect of red meat purchase …

Application Of Reproductive Biotechnologies For Sustainableproduction Of Livestock In Turkey, Abdullah Kaya, Erdoğan Güneş, Erdoğan Memi̇li̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Reproductive biotechnology encompasses powerful tools to enhance the efficiency and profitability of livestock reproduction, production, and product quality. These technologies include genomic selection, evaluation of semen (from bulls, bucks, and rams) using advanced cell and molecular technologies, semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination, estrus synchronization, superovulation of the females (cows, dams, and ewes), ovum pick-up, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, embryo transfer, and pregnancy detection. The extent of applications of these modern technologies and their economic impacts for livestock production in Turkey are elusive. As a result, there is an urgent need for sound economic analyses, research and education, training …

The Influences Of Feeding Broilers On Graded Inclusion Of Sunflower Meal With Or Without Avizyme On Growth, Protein And Energy Efficiency, Carcass Traits, And Nutrient Digestibility, Mahmoud Alagwany, Adel Attia, Zenat Ibrahim, Mohamed Abd El-Hack1, Muhammed Arif, Mohamed Emam

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study aimed to investigate the substituting effect of sunflower meal (SFM) for soybean meal (SBM) with or without supplemental Avizyme on growth performance, protein and energy efficiency ratios, carcass traits, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. A 4 × 2 factorial design experiment was conducted with four levels of SFM replacing SBM (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and two levels of supplemented Avizyme (0 or 0.1 g/kg diet). Results revealed that increasing SFM substitution for SBM up to 50% was associated with an increase in body weight (P < 0.01). Daily weight gain was statistically (P < 0.01) enhanced with increasing SFM up to 50% through 22 to 42 and 7 to 42 days of age. Feed conversion ratio improved (P < 0.01) in groups given SFM at 25% and 50% compared to the control. No carcass values were affected by SFM inclusion or Avizyme. The inclusion of 25% or 50% SFM increased (P < 0.01) protein efficiency at periods of 7?21 and 22?42 days of age. Energy efficiency ratio improved (P < 0.01) due to SFM incorporation at levels of 25% or 50% in all periods. The interaction effect between SFM and Avizyme was not significant on a majority of studied parameters. The digestion coefficients of crude fiber, N-free extract, and organic matter increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with increased levels of SFM. In conclusion, the incorporation of SFM as a substitute for SBM in broiler diets improved the growth performance of broilers. The use of SFM up to 50% without Avizyme supplementation could be recommended in broiler diets from 7 to 42 days of age.

Congenital Tuberculosis In A 25-Day-Old Female Calf, Maria Del Carmen Espejel Del Moral, Juan Carlos Del Rio, Alfredo Medrano, Marco Antonio Santillan, Jose Francisco Morales

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A female calf, housed in a dairy intensive-system farm, suddenly died 25 days after birth. Routine necropsy revealed multiple variably sized white to yellowish nodules in the lungs. Histopathological diagnosis showed severe granulomatous pneumonia with acid-fast bacilli; Mycobacterium bovis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and culture isolation. Congenital tuberculosis was diagnosed based on these findings. The calf probably acquired the infection from her mother through aspiration of the amniotic fluid. The aim here is to describe the morphological lesions and complementary confirmation of congenital tuberculosis in a young female calf.

Immunogenicity Of Transmembrane Deleted-G Protein Of Bovine Ephemeral Fever Virus (Befv) Expressed In Insect Cells, Nattawadee Kanpipit, Challika Kaewborisuth, Teerapat Rungnirundorn, Nantawan Petcharat, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a common febrile disease in cattle in tropical countries causing loss of milk production and reproductive performance. Recently, severe outbreaks have occurred in many countries in East Asia, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia, especially in the rainy season, while limited vaccines and diagnostic tools are available. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce a secreted, soluble form of BEFV G glycoprotein in insect cells for further applications. BEFV G gene expressing transmembrane-deleted G glycoprotein (G?TM) was constructed and cloned into the baculovirus vector. The recombinant G?TM protein was expressed in High5 insect …