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2017

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Articles 8161 - 8190 of 30281

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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (Aldh1) Isoform Expression And Potential Clinical Implications In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cheng Kun Yang, Xiang Kun Wang, Xi Wen Liao, Chuang Ye Han, Ting Dong Yu, Wei Qin, Guang Zhi Zhu, Hao Su, Long Yu, Xiao Guang Liu, Si Cong Lu, Zhi Wei Chen, Zhen Liu, Ke Tuan Huang, Zheng Tao Liu, Yu Liang, Jian Lu Huang, Kai Yin Xiao, Min Hao Peng, Cheryl Ann Winkle, Stephen J. O’Brien, Tao Peng Aug 2017

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (Aldh1) Isoform Expression And Potential Clinical Implications In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cheng Kun Yang, Xiang Kun Wang, Xi Wen Liao, Chuang Ye Han, Ting Dong Yu, Wei Qin, Guang Zhi Zhu, Hao Su, Long Yu, Xiao Guang Liu, Si Cong Lu, Zhi Wei Chen, Zhen Liu, Ke Tuan Huang, Zheng Tao Liu, Yu Liang, Jian Lu Huang, Kai Yin Xiao, Min Hao Peng, Cheryl Ann Winkle, Stephen J. O’Brien, Tao Peng

Biology Faculty Articles

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide. There are few diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and druggable targets for HCC. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is a marker of stem cells in a variety of cancers, but the mRNA levels and prognostic value of ALDH1 isoforms in HCC patients remain unknown. In the present study, gene ontology annotation of the ALDH1 family was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), and the gene pathway analsis was performed using GeneMANIA software. The initial prognostic value of ALDH1 expression in 360 HCC patients was …

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Identifying Three-Way Gene Interactions From Microarray Data Using Kolmogorov-Smirnov And Cross-Match Tests, Shubhashree Khadka Aug 2017

Identifying Three-Way Gene Interactions From Microarray Data Using Kolmogorov-Smirnov And Cross-Match Tests, Shubhashree Khadka

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Human gene network is much more complex than just pairwise interaction among the genes. Zhang et al. [6] extracted microarray data from International Genomics Consortium (IGC), and presented the detection of three-way gene interactions in their paper using Fisher’s z-transformation test. Three-way gene interactions are closer than pairwise correlations in representing the complex gene structures. Additionally, it was more tractable than assessing four or more gene interactions. In this paper, we are simulating different models where Fisher’s test might not be as effective. Zhang et al.’s approach utilized Pearson’s correlation coefficients and involved detection of linear interactions only. Since gene …

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The Effects Of E-Cigarette Exposure On Cell Viability And Gene Expression, Christine Hale Aug 2017

The Effects Of E-Cigarette Exposure On Cell Viability And Gene Expression, Christine Hale

Honors Theses

Marketed as a safer alternative to tobacco products, the popularity of e-cigarette use is on the rise. However, little is known about the potential health risks associated with their use. Many e-cigarette filling solutions are known to contain significant levels of tobacco alkaloids, including nicotine, anabasine, myosmine and cotinine. Using a panel of lung cell cultures distinguished by differences in sex and disease status, this study addresses the in vitro effects of common tobacco alkaloids found in e-cigarettes on cell proliferation and gene expression. We hypothesize that alkaloid exposure of lung cells is associated with abnormal proliferation and gene expression, …

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Dental Microwear Textures Of Paranthropus Robustus From Kromdraai, Drimolen, And An Enlarged Sample From Swartkrans: Ecological And Intraspecific Variation, Alexandria Sachiko Peterson Aug 2017

Dental Microwear Textures Of Paranthropus Robustus From Kromdraai, Drimolen, And An Enlarged Sample From Swartkrans: Ecological And Intraspecific Variation, Alexandria Sachiko Peterson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The original microwear texture baseline for South African hominins was done by Scott et al. (2005) and concluded that Paranthropus robustus exhibited higher complexity values (Asfc) that are seen in occasional hard object feeders. Australopithecus africanus has higher anisotropy values (epLsar) consistent with consuming tough objects. This study expands upon this baseline by increasing the sample size from n = 9 for P. robustus and n = 10 for Au. africanus to n = 66 and n = 44, respectively. Additionally, this study incorporates multiple different sites and deposits. The P. robustus sample includes Drimolen, Kromdraai, and an expanded sample …

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Inhibitory Control And Its Relation To Personality/Temperament, Executive Function, And The Brain, Sarah Mailander Dyer Aug 2017

Inhibitory Control And Its Relation To Personality/Temperament, Executive Function, And The Brain, Sarah Mailander Dyer

Dissertations

Inhibitory control, described as the ability to suppress one response in favor of a goal-directed response, is thought to play an important role in the development of emotional regulation as well as various forms of psychopathology, including ADHD. Up until very recently, inhibitory control has been researched within two completely separate fields of study: temperament and neuropsychology. In the temperament/personality literature, inhibitory control is a major component of the overarching temperament/personality factor of Effortful Control/Conscientiousness. In the field of neuropsychology, inhibitory control is considered one aspect of executive function. Further complicating the current understanding of inhibitory control is the complexity …

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Point Of View: The Sustainable Professor, Elizabeth S. Haswell Aug 2017

Point Of View: The Sustainable Professor, Elizabeth S. Haswell

Biology Faculty Research

Responsible agricultural practices provide a useful lens through which to consider the lives and careers of researchers.

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Effects Of Embryonic Arsenic Exposure On Killifish (Fundulus Heteroclitus) Growth, Feeding Behavior, And Intestinal Morphology And Cell Types, Kaleigh Caroline Sims Aug 2017

Effects Of Embryonic Arsenic Exposure On Killifish (Fundulus Heteroclitus) Growth, Feeding Behavior, And Intestinal Morphology And Cell Types, Kaleigh Caroline Sims

All Theses

Arsenic is found as a contaminant of drinking water, rice, and other crops. Epidemiological studies have shown that embryonic exposure to arsenic can cause changes in behavior and reductions in growth, but the mechanisms for these effects are not well understood. So, we were interested in examining potential mechanisms by which arsenic could be affecting growth. Additionally, while many studies have looked at higher levels of arsenic exposure, we wanted to focus on environmentally-relevant levels to see if these concentrations could have lasting consequences on growth, even after the exposure had ended. Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) were used as the model …

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Renewed Significance Of Ras Gtpases, Michael Wey Aug 2017

Renewed Significance Of Ras Gtpases, Michael Wey

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

The Ras superfamily of GTPases act as molecular switches and play a critical role in intracellular signal transduction. These GTPases cycle between an active GTP- bound form and an inactive GDP-bound form to regulate a myriad of cellular processes. However, this classical model of Ras regulation does not accurately project the entire picture of Ras regulation. This work discusses non-classical and newly discovered elements of the Ras signaling network. While intrinsic kinetic properties of Ras are included in the classical model of Ras regulation, the importance of them is understated. We show that the development Costello Syndrome from somatic Harvey …

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Regulating Anger Under Stress Via Cognitive Reappraisal And Sadness, Jun Zhan, Xiaofei Wu, Jin Fan, Jiayou Guo, Jianshe Zhou, Jun Ren, Chang Liu, Jing Luo Aug 2017

Regulating Anger Under Stress Via Cognitive Reappraisal And Sadness, Jun Zhan, Xiaofei Wu, Jin Fan, Jiayou Guo, Jianshe Zhou, Jun Ren, Chang Liu, Jing Luo

Publications and Research

Previous studies have reported the failure of cognitive emotion regulation (CER), especially in regulating unpleasant emotions under stress. The underlying reason for this failure was the application of CER depends heavily on the executive function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), but this function can be impaired by stress-related neuroendocrine hormones. This observation highlights the necessity of developing selfregulatory strategies that require less top-down cognitive control. Based on traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine, which examine how different types of emotions promote or counteract one another, we have developed a novel emotion regulation strategy whereby one emotion is used to alter another. …

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Peptide Inhibitors Targeting The Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Pivotal Anaerobic Respiration Factor Ania, Aleksandra E. Sikora, Robert H. Mills, Jacob V. Weber, Adel Hamza, Bryan W. Passow, Andrew Romaine, Zachary A. Williamson, Robert W. Reed, Ryszard A. Zielke, Konstantin V. Korotkov Aug 2017

Peptide Inhibitors Targeting The Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Pivotal Anaerobic Respiration Factor Ania, Aleksandra E. Sikora, Robert H. Mills, Jacob V. Weber, Adel Hamza, Bryan W. Passow, Andrew Romaine, Zachary A. Williamson, Robert W. Reed, Ryszard A. Zielke, Konstantin V. Korotkov

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea, which is highly prevalent worldwide and has a major impact on reproductive and neonatal health. The superbug status of N. gonorrhoeae necessitates the development of drugs with different mechanisms of action. Here, we focused on targeting the nitrite reductase AniA, which is a pivotal component of N. gonorrhoeae anaerobic respiration and biofilm formation. Our studies showed that gonococci expressing AniA containing the altered catalytic residues D137A and H280A failed to grow under anaerobic conditions, demonstrating that the nitrite reductase function is essential. To facilitate the pharmacological targeting of AniA, new crystal structures …

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Immunological Strategies To Study Grp170 In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Raven P. Baxter-Christian Aug 2017

Immunological Strategies To Study Grp170 In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Raven P. Baxter-Christian

Biology Theses

Characterization of the ER protein folding chaperone GRP170 of Caenorhabditis elegans could be greatly facilitated by an antibody which recognized the chaperone. Antibodies have not been raised against nematode GRP170. Groups have prepared polyclonal antibodies against vertebrate forms of GRP170. My thesis goal was to investigate whether anti-vertebrate GRP170 antibodies can recognize the nematode homologue on a standard Western Blot assay. Sequences of antigens that groups used to generate anti-vertebrate GRP170 antibodies were analyzed. Peptides used by Ruan et al. (2013), which correspond to regions of human GRP170, shared greatest sequence similarity with nematode GRP170. I investigated whether the Ruan …

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Characterizing The Influence Of Gap Junction Communication On Cell Volume Dynamics, Bona Mu Aug 2017

Characterizing The Influence Of Gap Junction Communication On Cell Volume Dynamics, Bona Mu

Biology Theses

Cell volume changes are associated with both normal and disease processes, and can serve as a signal for altering cell activities. Most cell types in a multicellular organism express gap junction channels that allow for the direct transfer of ions, metabolites, and other small molecules between neighboring cells. Little is known about the potential role of gap junctions in modulating cell volume dynamics. The present study characterizes what happens to the swelling rates of fast swelling and slow swelling cells when they are coupled together by gap junctions. The initial hypothesis was that water transport through gap junctions from a …

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Determining The Relationship Between Mean Paraspinal Muscle Area Ratios And Percent Inter-Vertebral Foraminal Area Change In Flexion Versus Extension Positions Of Military Working Dogs Using Computed Tomography, Krystina Lynn Rowland Aug 2017

Determining The Relationship Between Mean Paraspinal Muscle Area Ratios And Percent Inter-Vertebral Foraminal Area Change In Flexion Versus Extension Positions Of Military Working Dogs Using Computed Tomography, Krystina Lynn Rowland

All Theses

Core (paraspinal) muscle strengthening exercises are increasingly applied as methods for management of lower back pain in military working dogs. However, more evidence-based studies are needed to justify these methods. A previous publication correlated increased flexion/extension changes in lumbosacral intervertebral foraminal area (positional foraminal stenosis) with lower back pain in dogs. Aims of this thesis project were to test hypotheses that 1) lumbosacral paraspinal muscle areas will be associated with positional changes in inter-vertebral foraminal areas, 2) muscle areas will significantly differ by positioning, and 3) lumbosacral angles and range of motion values will significantly differ by measurement technique. A …

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Investigation Of Uranium And Thorium Uptake In Pinus Taeda (Loblolly Pine) And Dichanthelium Commutatum (Variable Panicgrass) From A Naturally Occurring Source, Sam Santoso Aug 2017

Investigation Of Uranium And Thorium Uptake In Pinus Taeda (Loblolly Pine) And Dichanthelium Commutatum (Variable Panicgrass) From A Naturally Occurring Source, Sam Santoso

All Theses

Mobilization of radioactivity from natural sources could lead to concentrations of naturally occuring radioactive material (NORM) in groundwaters past the EPA maximum concentration limit (MCL) for drinking water (Hughes et al., 2005; Powell et al., 2007). The Piedmont and Blue Ridge aquifers are a continuous source of water for much of the Eastern U.S., however there are sources of natural contamination due to the area's geologic history. In the Tamassee and Salem Quadrangles (N 34° 56.152' W 83° 00.284) area of Upstate South Carolina off Highway 130 near Burgess Creek, an abandoned logging road dug through a sandy loam unit.This …

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Joule Heating Enabled Electrokinetic Trapping Of Submicron Particles In Ratchet Microchannels Using Depth Modelling, Abhinav Kalkhanda Aug 2017

Joule Heating Enabled Electrokinetic Trapping Of Submicron Particles In Ratchet Microchannels Using Depth Modelling, Abhinav Kalkhanda

All Theses

Microfluidic devices have been increasingly used for diverse particle manipulations in various chemical and biological applications. Fields such as water quality control, environmental monitoring and food safety require the continuous trapping and concentration of particles (either bio- or non-bio) for enhanced detection and analysis. To achieve this, various microfluidic techniques have been developed using electric field as well as other fields including magnetic, optical, acoustic, hydrodynamic, gravitational and inertial. Among these methods, electrokinetic manipulation of particles is the most often used due to its advantages over other methods such as simple operation and easy integration etc. It transports fluids and …

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Undergraduate And Teaching Assistants"™ Perceptions Of Classroom Community In Freshman Biological Sciences Laboratories And Implications For Persistence And Professional Development, Andrew Kardohely Aug 2017

Undergraduate And Teaching Assistants"™ Perceptions Of Classroom Community In Freshman Biological Sciences Laboratories And Implications For Persistence And Professional Development, Andrew Kardohely

All Theses

The American economy hinges on the health and production of science, technology engineering and mathematics workforce (STEM). Although this sector of the American workforce represents a substantially fewer jobs the STEM workforce fuels job growth and sustainability in the other sectors of the American workforce. Unfortunately, over the next decade the U.S. will face an additional deficit of over a million STEM professionals, thus the need is here now to fill this deficit. STEM education should, therefore, dedicated to producing graduates. One strategy to produce more STEM graduates is through retention of student in STEM majors. Retention or persistence is …

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Detection And Quantification Of Biological And Physiochemical Parameters In Porous Media, Biting Li Aug 2017

Detection And Quantification Of Biological And Physiochemical Parameters In Porous Media, Biting Li

All Theses

Three studies were conducted in this thesis, and all were related to measurement of biological and physiochemical parameters in porous media. The first study focused on the detection of biological parameter, and investigated the effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on soil enzyme activity. Different concentrations of soil-NP mixture were applied, and exposure time length in addition to the harvest events were considered during the experiments. The second study focused on the quantification of physical parameter, and revealed water saturation percentage profiles during infiltration process along the preferential flow fingers. Two microbial exudates, catechol and riboflavin, with varying concentrations were applied …

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Development Of Microfiltration Membrane Cell For Uvc Dose-Response Studies, And Determination Of Methods For Prevention Of Membrane Biofouling Using Uvc Radiation, Matthew Vawter Aug 2017

Development Of Microfiltration Membrane Cell For Uvc Dose-Response Studies, And Determination Of Methods For Prevention Of Membrane Biofouling Using Uvc Radiation, Matthew Vawter

All Theses

Biofouling is considered to be one of the greatest operational challenges of reverse osmosis (RO) filtration for the production of potable water. Biofilms that form on the surface of a membrane filter quickly reduce the performance of the filter, and therefore these filters require constant treatment. Radioluminescence membrane biofouling control (RMBC) has been proposed as an alternative to the prevalence of chemical disinfection for the control of biofouling on RO units. Ultraviolet-C (200-280 nm) radioluminescence (UVC-RL) phosphors can convert a single beam of X-rays into large quantities of UVC. In RMBC, incorporating these phosphors into the feed spacers of an …

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Locating Stable Sites: Climate Refugia In The Southern Appalachians, Alexander Harper Nelson Aug 2017

Locating Stable Sites: Climate Refugia In The Southern Appalachians, Alexander Harper Nelson

All Theses

Climate change continues to be one of the most challenging threats to global biodiversity and species persistence. In response, conservation design researchers and applied practitioners have recently begun to call for the identification of critical areas of stable climatic and environmental conditions that may preserve the platform of current climate dynamics, and promote the adaptation and dispersal of diverse taxa across the landscape. Due to their historically buffered and resilient features, climate refugia are considered valuable conservation targets that may function as robust bastions for climatically-sensitive endemic species. In this thesis research, I have worked to define the potential stability …

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Data Mining In Large-Scale Clinical Visit Data For Rett Syndrome Patients, Neela Saranya Avudaiappan Aug 2017

Data Mining In Large-Scale Clinical Visit Data For Rett Syndrome Patients, Neela Saranya Avudaiappan

All Theses

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurological disorder that predominantly affects girls. Research on RTT has mostly centered around gene mutations and possibility of cure using gene therapy. In this thesis we perform the first large scale systematic study of RTT patient records. The thesis has two major goals. One is to identify behavioral groups and the other is to study the association of medications and behavior or conditions. To achieve the first goal we apply standard clustering techniques like non-negative matrix factorization and k-means. We identify behavioral groups which could be used by clinicians for formulating better treatments. For …

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Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors Effects On Hybrid Striped Bass Predatory Behavior And Internal Chemistry, Lauren E. Stoczynski Aug 2017

Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors Effects On Hybrid Striped Bass Predatory Behavior And Internal Chemistry, Lauren E. Stoczynski

All Theses

Prescription drug use continues to increase across the United States. An important part of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) that function as anti-depressants and include drugs as citalopram (Celexa) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRI's main mode of action is the inhibition of the serotonin reuptake transporter, causing a buildup of extracellular serotonin, one of the neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous system. SSRIs can be considered persistent pollutants due to their continuous release from wastewater treatment effluent, drug manufacturing effluent, and agricultural runoff. Aquatic organisms can become non-target organisms when subjected to sub-lethal concentrations (low ppb to …

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Building A Carbon Footprint Of Clemson University's Main Campus, Raeanne June Clabeaux Aug 2017

Building A Carbon Footprint Of Clemson University's Main Campus, Raeanne June Clabeaux

All Theses

Greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories have become a popular means for colleges and universities to better understand their environmental impact and quantify sustainability efforts. Clemson University is one of the many institutions that signed the American College & University Presidents Climate Commitment, which explicitly calls for a comprehensive inventory of GHG emissions to be created. In the past, Clemson University has contracted an external consulting firm to quantify Clemson's GHG emissions, however, a transparent method of calculating emissions is needed. Carbon footprinting is an effective method to measure GHG emissions, and carbon footprinting of higher education institutions is currently an underdeveloped …

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Formulating A Composite Scaffold With Tissue Regeneration And Anti-Cancer Activity, Kendyl Marie Williams Aug 2017

Formulating A Composite Scaffold With Tissue Regeneration And Anti-Cancer Activity, Kendyl Marie Williams

All Theses

Breast cancer affects 1 in 8 women in the United States and is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Many treatment options, such as chemotherapy or surgery, are invasive, ineffective, or detrimental to the body. It has been previously demonstrated that tannic acid has anti-cancer properties and is effective in killing cancer cells while not adversely affecting healthy cells. Tannic acid crosslinks collagen type I. We have proposed using tannic acid crosslinked collagen type I beads to fill in the void left after surgery while simultaneously treating any remaining cancer cells after a breast cancer patient has a …

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Multifuntional Nanotherapeutics For The Combinatorial Drug And Gene Therapy In The Treatment Of Glioblastoma Multiforme, Breanne Hourigan Aug 2017

Multifuntional Nanotherapeutics For The Combinatorial Drug And Gene Therapy In The Treatment Of Glioblastoma Multiforme, Breanne Hourigan

All Theses

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a grade IV glioma, is the most common primary brain tumor, affecting about 3 out of 100,000 persons per year in the United States. GBM accounts for about 80% of primary malignant brain tumors, and is also the most aggressive of malignant brain tumors. With exhaustive treatment, survival only averages between 12 and 15 months, with a 2-year survival rate less than 25%. New therapeutic strategies are necessary to improve the outcomes of this disease. Chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), a DNA alkylating agent, is used as a first-line of treatment for GBM. However, GBM tumors develop resistance …

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Preferential Flow Systems Amended With Biogeochemical Components: Imaging Of A Two-Dimensional Study, Ashley Rose Pales Aug 2017

Preferential Flow Systems Amended With Biogeochemical Components: Imaging Of A Two-Dimensional Study, Ashley Rose Pales

All Theses

The rhizosphere is the region of soil directly impacted by a plants roots, both physically (root growth) and chemically (water and nutrient uptake via organic compounds). The chemical components exuded by a plants roots can be lumped into two categories; mucilage and exudates. Mucilage effects on flow have been widely studied, though the independent effects of exudates have not. The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of plant root exudates on the infiltration processes through a porous media. This is done by (1) characterizing the solid-liquid and liquid-gas interfaces of the exudate solutions used for the flow …

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Prohibiting Child- Parent Visitation After Parental Rights Are Terminated By Trial In New York: A Denial Of Parental Due Process, Rachel Turetsky Aug 2017

Prohibiting Child- Parent Visitation After Parental Rights Are Terminated By Trial In New York: A Denial Of Parental Due Process, Rachel Turetsky

Cardozo Law Review

The note argues that New York's current statutory framework denying posttermination contact for parents after a trial termination is constitutionally and policy-deficient. It advocates for a legislative amendment to permit courts to order posttermination contact or communication when it serves the best interests of the child, aligning with due process rights and the majority of U.S. jurisdictions.

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Ventricular Action Potential Adaptation To Regular Exercise: Role Of Β-Adrenergic And KAtp Channel Function, Xinrui Wang, Robert H. Fitts Aug 2017

Ventricular Action Potential Adaptation To Regular Exercise: Role Of Β-Adrenergic And KAtp Channel Function, Xinrui Wang, Robert H. Fitts

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Regular exercise training is known to affect the action potential duration (APD) and improve heart function, but involvement of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) subtypes and/or the ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel is unknown. To address this, female and male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to voluntary wheel-running or control groups; they were anesthetized after 6–8 wk of training, and myocytes were isolated. Exercise training significantly increased APD of apex and base myocytes at 1 Hz and decreased APD at 10 Hz. Ca2+ transient durations reflected the changes in APD, while Ca2+ transient amplitudes were unaffected by wheel …

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Ecology Of The Young-Of-The-Year Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) In The Upper Niagara River, New York: Growth, Diversity, And Importance As A Forage Species, Jacob L. Cochran Aug 2017

Ecology Of The Young-Of-The-Year Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) In The Upper Niagara River, New York: Growth, Diversity, And Importance As A Forage Species, Jacob L. Cochran

Great Lakes Center Masters Theses

The emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides) is a relatively understudied Cyprinid that fills a major keystone role in the Niagara River. Little is known about the emerald shiner’s early life history, such as the ecology of their larval and juvenile stages, which is the focus of this study. In the upper Niagara River, larvae first recruited into sampling gear in early July at a mean water temperature of 23oC, with larvae appearing into August. Young-of-the-year (YOY) emerald shiners grew an average of 1.5 mm and 31.5 mg a week throughout the growing season with condition peaking during …

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An Evaluation Of The Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) As A Bioindicator Of Urban Water Pollution In The Upper Niagara River, Rebecca J. Johnson Aug 2017

An Evaluation Of The Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) As A Bioindicator Of Urban Water Pollution In The Upper Niagara River, Rebecca J. Johnson

Great Lakes Center Masters Theses

Using fishes as bioindicator species can be an effective method for detecting poor water quality in aquatic ecosystems. In the Niagara River, the emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides) is a keystone species that is sensitive to ecosystem degradation and, therefore, fills the bioindicator role. Like other model bioindicators, emerald shiners are abundant and, when exposed to a persistent disturbance, exhibit individual signs of stress before the onset of population decline. This research evaluated the health of emerald shiners captured from the upper Niagara River, which is at times inundated with untreated sewage from combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Water samples …

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Dietary Analysis Of The Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) In The Upper Niagara River Using Fatty Acids, Stomach Contents, And Stable Isotopes, Colleen Kolb Aug 2017

Dietary Analysis Of The Emerald Shiner (Notropis Atherinoides) In The Upper Niagara River Using Fatty Acids, Stomach Contents, And Stable Isotopes, Colleen Kolb

Great Lakes Center Masters Theses

Describing ontogenetic and temporal shifts in diet is a fundamental step in understanding food web structure in any ecological community. I conducted a dietary analysis of the emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides), a keystone species in the Niagara River (NY), using a detailed analysis of fatty acids combined with data on stomach contents and stable isotopes. For both 2014 and 2015, oleic acid and DHA were important fatty acids responsible for the majority of the differences among groups. There was a seasonal shift in fatty acids from relatively high levels of 22:5n-6 and DHA early in the season to …

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