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Articles 7561 - 7590 of 30211
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Investigation Of Pyrolysis And Electrokinetics As Remediation Techniques For The Treatment Of Cca-Treated Wood Waste, Amy Marie Parker
Investigation Of Pyrolysis And Electrokinetics As Remediation Techniques For The Treatment Of Cca-Treated Wood Waste, Amy Marie Parker
Theses and Dissertations
Increasing volumes of Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) treated wood materials are being removed from service, either as a result of reaching the end of their service life or being replaced with non-treated wood materials. These materials, while not regulated as hazardous wastes, have the potential to leach toxic metals into the environment. Incineration and landfilling are not ideal disposal methods as incineration could result in the volatilization of carcinogenic arsenic and chromium, while landfilling requires the waste to be sorted and placed in appropriately lined landfills to prevent contaminant release. Viable disposal methods must be considered to manage the significant …
Implementing An Environmental Citizen Science Project: Strategies And Concerns From Educators’ Perspectives, Yurong He, Andrea Wiggins
Implementing An Environmental Citizen Science Project: Strategies And Concerns From Educators’ Perspectives, Yurong He, Andrea Wiggins
Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications
Citizen science seems to have a natural alignment with environmental and science education, but incorporating citizen science projects into education practices is still a challenge for educators from different education contexts. Based on participant observation and interview data, this paper describes the strategies educators identified for implementing an environmental citizen science project in different education contexts (i.e., classroom teaching, aquarium exhibits, and summer camp) and discusses the practical concerns influencing independent implementation by educators. The results revealed different implementation strategies that are shaped by four categories of constraints: 1) organizational and institutional policies, 2) educators’ time and material resources, 3) …
Mountain Biking As A Means To Encourage Public Health And Wellbeing, Scott C. Dillard
Mountain Biking As A Means To Encourage Public Health And Wellbeing, Scott C. Dillard
Master of Public Health Program Student Publications
Mountain biking is a popular form of outdoor exercise. There are 8.3 million riders in the U.S., 2.8% of the population (The Outdoor Foundation, 2016). The National Survey on Recreation and the Environment (https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/trends/nsre-directory/) places the number of participants much higher at 42.7 million riders, but their definition is less restrictive (Cordell, 2012). The National Survey includes anyone who has ridden a mountain or hybrid bicycle in the last twelve months, regardless of riding surface, while Outdoor Recreation Participation Top Line Report (The Outdoor Foundation, 2016) estimates are based on riding surface. Therefore, to avoid confirmation bias, the lower Outdoor …
Reference Database Usage Statistics 2015-2016, Sarah Bannister
Reference Database Usage Statistics 2015-2016, Sarah Bannister
Technical Services Reports and Statistics
Statistics on the use of online reference databases at the University of Rhode Island during the period from July 2015 through June 2016. Includes COUNTER and non-COUNTER compliant data on sessions, searches, and other metrics.
Listeria Occurrence In Poultry Flocks: Detection And Potential Implications, Michael J. Rothrock Jr., Morgan L. Davis, Aude Locatelli, Aaron Bodie, Tori G. Mcintosh, Janet R. Donaldson, Steven C. Ricke
Listeria Occurrence In Poultry Flocks: Detection And Potential Implications, Michael J. Rothrock Jr., Morgan L. Davis, Aude Locatelli, Aaron Bodie, Tori G. Mcintosh, Janet R. Donaldson, Steven C. Ricke
Faculty Publications
Foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Listeria are a major concern within the food industry due to their pathogenic potential to cause infection. Of these, Listeria monocytogenes, possesses a high mortality rate (approximately 20%) and is considered one of the most dangerous foodborne pathogens. Although the usual reservoirs for Listeria transmission have been extensively studied, little is known about the relationship between Listeria and live poultry production. Sporadic and isolated cases of listeriosis have been attributed to poultry production and Listeria spp. have been isolated from all stages of poultry production and processing. Farm studies …
Evaluation And Management Of Neonicotinoid Resistant Tobacco Thrips (Frankliniella Fusca) (Hinds) In Cotton, Chelsie Hope Darnell
Evaluation And Management Of Neonicotinoid Resistant Tobacco Thrips (Frankliniella Fusca) (Hinds) In Cotton, Chelsie Hope Darnell
Theses and Dissertations
Research was conducted 2014-2016 to determine how tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca) (Hinds) resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides impact thrips resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.).Studies included bioassays to determine severity and mechanism of resistance and evaluation of host plant characteristics in multiple cotton varieties. Another aspect of research focused on the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin and its leaching ability as a seed treatment on corn by evaluating soil type, water regime, and amount found in tissue.
Interrupted High-Rate Compression Of Porcine Brain Tissue Utilizing The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Method, Haden Andrew Johnson
Interrupted High-Rate Compression Of Porcine Brain Tissue Utilizing The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Method, Haden Andrew Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing concern among American citizens and globally. This study proposes the use of a novel mechanical testing method for interrupting adult porcine brain tissue while under varying levels of high rate compressive strain to better understand the mechanical response of brain while under TBI inducing conditions. Testing was performed using a polymeric Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) along with customized attachments developed in-house to interrupt tissue samples at strain levels of 15%, 30%, and 40% while being compressed at strain rates of 650, 800, and 900 s-1. Following interruption, the samples were chemically fixed …
Using Molecular Dynamics To Quantify Biaxial Membrane Damage In A Multiscale Modeling Framework For Traumatic Brain Injury, Michael Anthony Murphy
Using Molecular Dynamics To Quantify Biaxial Membrane Damage In A Multiscale Modeling Framework For Traumatic Brain Injury, Michael Anthony Murphy
Theses and Dissertations
The current study investigates the effect of strain state, strain rate, and membrane planar area on phospholipid bilayer mechanoporation and failure. Using molecular dynamics, a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) bilayer was deformed biaxially to represent injury-induced neuronal membrane mechanoporation and failure. For all studies, water forming a bridge through both phospholipid bilayer leaflets was used as a failure metric. To examine the effect of strain state, 72 phospholipid structures were subjected to equibiaxial, 2:1 non-equibiaxial, 4:1 non-equibiaxial, strip biaxial, and uniaxial tensile deformations at the von Mises strain rate of 5.45 × 108 s-1. The stress magnitude, failure strain, headgroup clustering, and …
Investigation Of Large Strain Deformation Behavior Of Soft Gels In Shear- And Cavitation Rheology, Seyedmeysam Hashemnejad
Investigation Of Large Strain Deformation Behavior Of Soft Gels In Shear- And Cavitation Rheology, Seyedmeysam Hashemnejad
Theses and Dissertations
Gels and hydrogels have attracted a great attention for potential applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, actuators, and soft robots. There has been a significant progress to engineer hydrogels from both synthetic and natural precursors to be as tough as a solid and as stretchable as a rubbery material while maintaining high water/solvent content. Despite considerable advances in rationally designing hydrogels, our understanding of their complex nonlinear mechanical deformation behavior is incomplete. This is partially due to the difficulty in conducting mechanical characterization on slippery, soft and swollen gels. Thus, it is required to develop new experimental techniques in order …
Role Of Nrf2 In The Regulation Of Ppar Expression In Mice, Fabio Carvalho
Role Of Nrf2 In The Regulation Of Ppar Expression In Mice, Fabio Carvalho
Master's Theses
The peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors (Ppars) are a family of ligand-dependent nuclear receptors, which promote transcriptional activation of target genes. Pparα regulates genes involved in hepatic fatty acid transport, uptake and metabolism. Several of these target genes are upregulated by hypolipidemic fibrate-type drugs. Clofibrate (CFB) is a prototype for this class, and a well-known Pparα activator. CFB treatment also prevents liver injury by acetaminophen (APAP) in a Pparα-dependent manner. Similarly, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important genetic determinant of susceptibility to APAP hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential interaction between Pparα and …
Force-System Generated By Rigid Archwires With V-Bends: A 3-D Analysis Of Varying Activations, Meenakshi Vishwanath
Force-System Generated By Rigid Archwires With V-Bends: A 3-D Analysis Of Varying Activations, Meenakshi Vishwanath
Master's Theses
No abstract provided.
Regulation Of Proliferation, Apoptosis, And Metastasis In Prostate Cancer Cells By Dax-1 (Nr0b1)- An Androgen-Induced Orphan Nuclear Receptor, Roxxana Valeria Beltran Valencia
Regulation Of Proliferation, Apoptosis, And Metastasis In Prostate Cancer Cells By Dax-1 (Nr0b1)- An Androgen-Induced Orphan Nuclear Receptor, Roxxana Valeria Beltran Valencia
Master's Theses
DAX-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X-chromosome, gene 1) is an unusual member of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor superfamily that has the ability to interact with other Nuclear Receptors (NRs) and transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. While DAX-1 plays an important role in adrenal and gonadal development, recent studies have elucidated the role DAX-1 plays as a transcriptional repressor and its influence on the progression of different types of cancers. The primary aim of this thesis research project is to investigate the role of non-aromatizable androgens in inducing DAX-1 expression and to determine how DAX-1 influences …
Induced Aberrant Organisms With Novel Ability To Protect Intestinal Integrity From Inflammation In An Animal Model, Helieh S. Oz
Induced Aberrant Organisms With Novel Ability To Protect Intestinal Integrity From Inflammation In An Animal Model, Helieh S. Oz
Physiology Faculty Publications
Abstract: Robust and balanced gut microbiota are required to support health and growth. Overgrowth of gut microbial or pathogens can change ecosystem balance, and compromise gut integrity to initiate gastrointestinal (GI) complications. There is no safe and effective modality against coccidiosis. Antibiotic additives routinely fed to food animals to protect against infection, are entered into the food chain, contaminate food products and pass to the consumers. Hypothesis: induced aberrant organisms possess distinct ultrastructure and are tolerated by immunodeficient-animals yet are non-pathogenic, but immunogenic in various strains of chicks to act as a preventive (vaccine) and eliminating the needs for antibiotic …
Exercise-Induced Interleukin-6 And Metabolic Responses In Hot, Temperate, And Cold Conditions, Nicholas E. Dinan, Roksana B. Zak, Robert J. Shute, Terry Laursen, Matthew Bubak, D. Taylor La Salle, Matthew W.S. Heesch, Dustin R. Slivka
Exercise-Induced Interleukin-6 And Metabolic Responses In Hot, Temperate, And Cold Conditions, Nicholas E. Dinan, Roksana B. Zak, Robert J. Shute, Terry Laursen, Matthew Bubak, D. Taylor La Salle, Matthew W.S. Heesch, Dustin R. Slivka
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise in hot, cold, and temperate environments on plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6). Eleven recreationally trained males (age = 25 ± 4 years, height = 178 ± 5 cm, weight = 79.4 ± 13.5 kg, body fat = 14.7 ± 3.6%, VO2 peak = 54.6 ± 11.5 ml kg-1 min-1) performed a 1 hr cycling bout in hot (33 °C), cold (7 °C), and temperate (20 °C) environments at 60% of Wmax followed by 3 hr of supine recovery in temperate conditions. Expired gases were measured …
Sexual Dimorphism In Striatal Dopaminergic Responses Promotes Monogamy In Social Songbirds, Kirill Tokarev, Julia Hyland Bruno, Iva Ljubicic, Paresh J. Kothari, Santosh A. Helekar, Ofer Tchernichovski, Henning U. Voss
Sexual Dimorphism In Striatal Dopaminergic Responses Promotes Monogamy In Social Songbirds, Kirill Tokarev, Julia Hyland Bruno, Iva Ljubicic, Paresh J. Kothari, Santosh A. Helekar, Ofer Tchernichovski, Henning U. Voss
Publications and Research
In many songbird species, males sing to attract females and repel rivals. How can gregarious, non-territorial songbirds such as zebra finches, where females have access to numerous males, sustain monogamy? We found that the dopaminergic reward circuitry of zebra finches can simultaneously promote social cohesion and breeding boundaries. Surprisingly, in unmated males but not in females, striatal dopamine neurotransmission was elevated after hearing songs. Behaviorally too, unmated males but not females persistently exchanged mild punishments in return for songs. Song reinforcement diminished when dopamine receptors were blocked. In females, we observed song reinforcement exclusively to the mate’s song, although their …
Modeling And Visualizing Bacterial Colony Purification Without The Use Of Bacteria Or Laboratory Equipment, Grace L. Axler-Diperte
Modeling And Visualizing Bacterial Colony Purification Without The Use Of Bacteria Or Laboratory Equipment, Grace L. Axler-Diperte
Publications and Research
This paper describes an activity that simulates bacterial purification without the use of biohazardous materials and provides immediate feedback to students regarding the efficacy of their technique.
The Effect Of Exogenous Applications Of Salicylic Acid And Molybdenum On The Tolerance Of Drought In Wheat, Kareem, F, H Rihan, M Fuller
The Effect Of Exogenous Applications Of Salicylic Acid And Molybdenum On The Tolerance Of Drought In Wheat, Kareem, F, H Rihan, M Fuller
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
This study investigated the effect of drought on the growth and yield components of two Iraqi wheat varieties (Tamooz 2 and Adana 99) and the effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid and molybdenum. Drought significantly decreased the growth rate and had a negative impact on the yield components in both varieties and it was confirmed that the yield and growth of Tamooz 2 variety was significantly better than Adana 99. It was demonstrated that salicylic acid and molybdenum improved the performance of both varieties of Iraqi wheat under both well- watered and drought conditions. However, salicylic acid had a …
The Effects Of Positive Youth Development Education On Youth Minister Self-Efficacy, Kenna Storey Spiller
The Effects Of Positive Youth Development Education On Youth Minister Self-Efficacy, Kenna Storey Spiller
Theses and Dissertations
Youth minister self-efficacy may be affected by the education received regarding positive youth development and adolescent development in general. A survey intended to explore the correlation between youth minister self-efficacy and education was administered to 43 Southern Baptist youth ministers in Mississippi. The survey used Lykert-type scales, multiple-choice questions, and open-ended questions to assess self-efficacy and positive youth development and adolescent development knowledge. Analysis of variance and correlations were used to analyze the data. Findings indicate that youth minister self-efficacy is related to adolescent development knowledge, but not significantly related to positive youth development knowledge. These findings provide insight into …
The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Communication In Children And Adolescents With Developmental Disorders, Shelby Anne Holm
The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Communication In Children And Adolescents With Developmental Disorders, Shelby Anne Holm
Theses and Dissertations
This mixed-methods study examined the effects of participation in a 10-week therapeutic horseback riding program on communicative behaviors in participants diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder or Down syndrome. Certified Therapeutic Riding Instructors utilized the Naples Equestrian Challenge Participant Initial Evaluation to complete a pre-evaluation prior to the first riding session and a post-evaluation during the last session. Following the post-evaluation, the researcher collected qualitative data through conducting parent interviews. The study included 16 participants (M = 12.62; age range 5-23 years old, 8 females and 8 males). Change scores for each participant were calculated and an aggregated mean for pre- …
The Impacts Of Yeast Fermentation And Bacillus Subtilis Dietary Products On Sperm Quality And Semen Microbiota Of Aged White Leghorn Roosters, Midian Nascimento Dos Santos
The Impacts Of Yeast Fermentation And Bacillus Subtilis Dietary Products On Sperm Quality And Semen Microbiota Of Aged White Leghorn Roosters, Midian Nascimento Dos Santos
Theses and Dissertations
Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters have been widely exploited due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance. These feed additives improve growth, in part, by modulating intestinal microbiota. However, their impact on male reproductive performance is not well elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of a yeast fermentation product (YP) and Bacillus subtilis on rooster semen quality and microbiota. Dietary supplementation of YP linearly increased the concentration of yeast and bacteria in semen, whereas it linearly decreased sperm motility, suggesting that bacteria attached to yeast were excreted from the gut, contaminated semen at the cloaca and …
Recreational Firewood Movement As A Vector Of Non-Native Woodborers In Mississippi, Matthew John Thorn
Recreational Firewood Movement As A Vector Of Non-Native Woodborers In Mississippi, Matthew John Thorn
Theses and Dissertations
Recreational firewood collected from campers in Mississippi State Parks was investigated for factors associated with insect presence and their diversity. Insects were found in 20% of firewood and evidence of past feeding was found in 64.8%. Representatives of 35 families of insects were reared from collected firewood. These included representatives of Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Formicidae, and Rhinotermitidae. The effects of firewood age, moisture content, and source were also examined as effects on insect presence in firewood. At the same time, a survey of campers’ beliefs and attitudes about non-native woodborers was conducted. Exposure to public awareness campaigns had the strongest …
Southern Yellow Pine In-Grade Lumber Evaluation, Tâmara Suely Filgueira Amorim França
Southern Yellow Pine In-Grade Lumber Evaluation, Tâmara Suely Filgueira Amorim França
Theses and Dissertations
The southern pine species group is the main softwood resource used in the U.S, and the majority of southern pine is used in lumber production. The use of lumber in structural purpose requires feasible strength and stiffness grading method ensuring characteristics allowable stress values. The stiffness and strength of most of southern pine lumber is assessed using visual grading system. The objective of this study was to evaluate a production weighted sample of 2 × 4, 2 × 6, 2 × 8, and 2 × 10 No. 2 grade southern pine lumber collected across its geographic range. The results of …
Spatial Analysis Of Landscape Dynamics To Meteorological Changes In The Gulf Of Mexico Coastal Region, Tianyu Li
Theses and Dissertations
The forest ecosystem is a dominant landscape in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) coastal region. Currently, many studies have been carried out to identify factors that drive forest dynamics. Changes in meteorological conditions have been considered as the main factors affecting the forest dynamics. For this study, the statistical regression analysis was used for modeling forest dynamics. Meteorological impact analysis was driven by observed data from PRISM (parameter-elevation regressions on independent slopes model) climate dataset. The forest dynamics was characterized by an indicator, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The objectives of this study are to 1) to specify and …
Phosphorus Occurrence And Origin In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer In Northwestern Mississippi, Claire Elise Rose
Phosphorus Occurrence And Origin In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer In Northwestern Mississippi, Claire Elise Rose
Theses and Dissertations
The median total dissolved phosphorus concentration (0.41 mg/L P) of groundwater from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s stream nutrient criteria (of 0.1 mg/L P) and the national background for phosphorus in groundwater (0.02 mg/L P). A general association between elevated phosphorus and dissolved iron concentrations suggests that reducing conditions that mobilize iron in the aquifer also may facilitate transport of phosphorus. These elevated concentrations of phosphorus may indicate phosphorus in the study area may be concentrated through irrigation return flow and groundwater discharge, and may contribute to the Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone. …
Phylogeny Of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) A Morphological Approach With Enhanced Whole Mount Staining Techniques, Christi Jaeger
Phylogeny Of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) A Morphological Approach With Enhanced Whole Mount Staining Techniques, Christi Jaeger
Theses and Dissertations
A comprehensive review of whole mount staining revealed an enhanced staining method to improve visibility of morphological structures. Ultimately, five factors vital to stain quality were identified, with pH being a primary factor. Phylogenetic relationships of all 22 tribes of Tortricidae, representing 57 genera and 78 species (distributed in Neotropical, Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental, and Australian regions), were investigated based on 52 morphological characters, including incorporation of 27 novel non-traditional characters of the endo- and exoskeleton. The phylogenetic analysis yielded five equally parsimonious trees (length 389 steps, CI=0.2571, RI=0.7051), a strict consensus (length 392 steps, CI=0.2551, RI= 0.7021) of which produced …
Platelet-Cancer Cell Interactions: Insights From The Canine Model, Shauna Ashtin Fuhrmann
Platelet-Cancer Cell Interactions: Insights From The Canine Model, Shauna Ashtin Fuhrmann
Theses and Dissertations
Animal models have been recognized for the valuable roles they serve in both animal and human medicine. Dogs share many of the same naturally occurring tumors as humans including osteosarcoma, lymphoma, and mammary tumors. In addition, dogs share the same environment as humans, have a shorter lifespan, and often have a quicker progression of disease, making them an attractive model of human disease. Platelets are small anucleate cell fragments that have essential roles in hemostasis, angiogenesis, and wound healing, and, more recently recognized, roles in development, survival, growth, and metastasis of various cancers. Their roles in angiogenesis has proven to …
Winter Cover Crops, Fall Applied Poultry Litter, And N Fertilization Effects On Soil Quality And Health Indicators, Apisit Boupai
Winter Cover Crops, Fall Applied Poultry Litter, And N Fertilization Effects On Soil Quality And Health Indicators, Apisit Boupai
Theses and Dissertations
Soil quality and health indicators are necessary to monitor and improve the agricultural sustainability. This experiment was conducted at Mississippi State, MS between 2015 and 2016. Soil samples were taken to determine bulk density, enzymatic activity, and total C and N. Results indicated greater bulk density, total C and N, and enzymatic activity for inter-row position than for within the corn row which was disturbed by strip-tillage. Soil bulk density tended to increase with soil depth; however, total C and N and total microbial activity decreased with depth both years. Total soil C and N increased from 2015 to 2016. …
Multicomponent Ligand Interactions With Colloidal Gold And Silver Nanoparticles In Water, Wumudu Dilhani Siriwardana
Multicomponent Ligand Interactions With Colloidal Gold And Silver Nanoparticles In Water, Wumudu Dilhani Siriwardana
Theses and Dissertations
Multicomponent ligand interactions are involved in essentially all nanoparticle (NP) applications. However, the ligand conformation and ligand binding mechanisms on NPs are highly controversial. The research reported here is focused on deepening the fundamental understanding of multicomponent ligand interactions with gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs) in water. We demonstrated that AuNPs passivated by saturated layer of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH) have large fractions of AuNP surface area available for ligand adsorption and exchange. The fraction of AuNP surface area passivated by PEG-SH with molecular weights of 2000, 5000, and 30000 g/mol was calculated to be ~ 25%, ~20%, and …
Cultural Model Of Infant Feeding Among Women In Rural And Urban Bangladesh, Rumana Rahman
Cultural Model Of Infant Feeding Among Women In Rural And Urban Bangladesh, Rumana Rahman
Theses and Dissertations
Cultural practices influence infant feeding choices and have a significant impact on children’s physiological growth and cognitive development. This study examined cultural knowledge of infant feeding among woman in rural and urban Bangladesh. The findings of this research indicated that there was sufficient agreement among the respondents to constitute a single shared cultural model of infant feeding among participants in Bangladesh. Results also indicated intracultural variation within this model in terms of duration of exclusive breastfeeding, age at introduction of water, and weaning practices. Better understanding infant feeding can inform future programs aimed at improving early nutrition, growth, and development …
Determining Adult Perceptions Of Youth On Southern Region Ffa Nominating Committees, Emily Marie Keeton
Determining Adult Perceptions Of Youth On Southern Region Ffa Nominating Committees, Emily Marie Keeton
Theses and Dissertations
Southern region state FFA nominating committees utilize adults and students to elect state FFA officers. However, the role of the adult nominating committee members is up to the discretion of the state FFA nominating committee coordinators. In the nine states studied in the southern FFA region, five states utilized adults as voting members of the nominating committee, and four states utilized them as consultants. Adults completed a modified version of the Inventory of Adult Attitudes and Behaviors instrument, and the majority’s preferred style of working with students was “regarding youth as resources.” However, students had mixed feelings about working with …