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2017

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Thermal Burn Injury Induced Microvesicle Particle Release, Katherine Erin Fahy Jan 2017

Thermal Burn Injury Induced Microvesicle Particle Release, Katherine Erin Fahy

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Microvesicle particles (MVP) are found to be important for cellular communication because they contain many bioactive proteins, lipids, cytokines, and nucleic acids. We have previously found that ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) and a Platelet-activating factor agonist (CPAF) can stimulate the release of MVP in keratinocytes. We hypothesized that there may also be an increase in MVP released after thermal burn and that could be involved in pathogenesis of the systemic effects found in some patients. In this thesis various keratinocyte cell lines, mice and human ex vivo skin were used as model systems to test our hypotheses. It was determined …

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Toward The Synthesis Of Functionalized Poly (Ether Ether Ketone): Monitoring The Meta-Fluorine Displacement In 3,5,4’-Trifluorobenzophenone, Giovanni Covarrubias Jan 2017

Toward The Synthesis Of Functionalized Poly (Ether Ether Ketone): Monitoring The Meta-Fluorine Displacement In 3,5,4’-Trifluorobenzophenone, Giovanni Covarrubias

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The synthesis of functionalized, linear poly (ether ether ketone), tailored to be semi-crystalline and soluble in a variety of organic-solvents was explored. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution was a chemical reaction method used to condense 3,5,4’-trifluorobenzophenone (TFK) with four different phenols at its para-positioned carbon-fluorine site: 4-methoxyphenol, 3-aminophenol, 4-bromophenol, and m-cresol. Further poly-condensation of functionalized TFK occurred at the meta-positioned carbon-fluorine sites with 4,4’-Bis[4-hydroxyphenoxy] benzophenone (Big A2) and 4,4’-difluorobenzophenone at molar equivalents of 1 to 0.5, respectively. The reaction afforded products that became insoluble in solvents needed for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic (e.g. DMSO-d6) analysis. The lack of desirable compounds compelled the …

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Processing Global Properties In Scene Categorization, Hanshu Zhang Jan 2017

Processing Global Properties In Scene Categorization, Hanshu Zhang

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The current research examined the role of global properties in human observers' scene perception. In Experiment 1, comparisons of four global properties ("natural", "manmade", "open", and "closed") were collected online from a wide range of subjective choices. These answers were analyzed in a pairwise comparison model to generate four standardized reference ranking scales describing the extent to which characteristics can describe scene global properties. In Experiment 2, scene images selected from the reference scales were used to test human's performance in processing global properties conjunctively. Cognitive modeling indicated that human observers were more efficient in categorizing scene images as "natural …

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Extracellular Microvesicles As A Novel Biomarker For Wound Healing, Walid Omran Mari Jan 2017

Extracellular Microvesicles As A Novel Biomarker For Wound Healing, Walid Omran Mari

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Introduction: Wound healing is a sophisticated dynamic process that involves complex coordination among a variety of resident cells in a suitable extracellular environment. Chronic wounds are defined as wounds that fail to heal within a period of 3 months. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a closed suction drainage system is used to enable mass transport of fluid from the body as an adjunct to surgical procedures. (Oasis-ultra) is a triple layer extracellular matrix containing different types of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) like heparin sulfate, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate. In addition, it has adhesion molecule such as fibronectin and laminin along …

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Identification Of Novel Ligands And Structural Requirements For Heterodimerization Of The Liver X Receptor Alpha, Shimpi Bedi Jan 2017

Identification Of Novel Ligands And Structural Requirements For Heterodimerization Of The Liver X Receptor Alpha, Shimpi Bedi

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LXRs, LXRa (NR1H3) and LXRß (NR1H2), are ligand-activated transcription factors that are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Oxysterols and nonsteroidal synthetic compounds bind directly to LXRs and influence the expression of LXR dependent genes. The use of murine models and LXR-selective agonists have established the important role of LXRs as sterol sensors that govern the absorption, transport, and catabolism of cholesterol. Upon activation, these receptors have been shown to increase reverse cholesterol transport from the macrophage back to the liver to aid in the removal of excess cholesterol. Not surprisingly, LXR dysregulation is a feature of several human diseases, …

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Sched-Its: An Interactive Tutoring System To Teach Cpu Scheduling Concepts In An Operating Systems Course, Bharath Kumar Koya Jan 2017

Sched-Its: An Interactive Tutoring System To Teach Cpu Scheduling Concepts In An Operating Systems Course, Bharath Kumar Koya

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Operating systems is an essential course in computer science curriculum, which helps students to develop a mental model of how computer operating systems work. The internal mechanisms and processes of an operating system (OS) are often complex, non-deterministic and intangible which makes them difficult for students to understand. One such concept is central processing unit (CPU) scheduling. CPU scheduling forms the basis of the multiprogramming in an OS. In practice, OS courses involve classroom lectures describing high-level abstractions of the concepts, and students complete programming assignments to apply the material in a more concrete way. Depending on the programming assignments, …

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Is Mitochondrial Development Impaired In Hyperoxic Rats And Does This Underpin The Blunting Of The Acute Hypoxic Ventilatory Response?, Tariq Hasan Fayyad Jan 2017

Is Mitochondrial Development Impaired In Hyperoxic Rats And Does This Underpin The Blunting Of The Acute Hypoxic Ventilatory Response?, Tariq Hasan Fayyad

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Carotid body (CB) responses to hypoxia are low at birth and increase over time to mature responses. Using an in vitro rat CB-carotid sinus nerve (CSN) preparation, Kholwadwala and Donnelly (1992) demonstrated that the CSN activity in response to hypoxia increased from low levels to robust adult responses after two weeks. This time course of maturation was paralleled by an increase in TASK channel sensitivity to hypoxia in the O2-sensing Type I cells (Kim et al, 2011). Previous studies have indicated that a fall in Type I cell mitochondrial volume and an increase in the rate of oxidative phosphorylation may …

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A Novel System For Detection Of Dna Double Strand Breaks And Repair In Human Cells, Todd Warren Lewis Jan 2017

A Novel System For Detection Of Dna Double Strand Breaks And Repair In Human Cells, Todd Warren Lewis

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Imperative to genomic stability is the ability of the cell to repair damaged DNA which can occur from numerous endogenous byproducts of metabolism or exogenous components from the environment. The Fanconi anemia pathway is a DNA repair mechanism used by human cells to resolve multiple forms of DNA damage including interstrand crosslinks (ICL). Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by genome instability, developmental abnormalities, cancer predisposition and bone marrow failure. FA is attributed to a mutations in at least 18 genes (FANCA-FANCT) that play a concerted role in DNA repair. FANCT is the latest discovery in …

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The Role Of Peripheral Vision In Configural Spatial Knowledge Acquisition, Lisa J. Douglas Jan 2017

The Role Of Peripheral Vision In Configural Spatial Knowledge Acquisition, Lisa J. Douglas

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This study investigated the importance of the peripheral visual field for acquiring configural spatial knowledge, especially knowledge about structural components like doorways, corners, and walls, but also information about objects. Although peripheral vision helps us orient our bodies in space, navigate successfully through an environment, and physically interact with objects in near physical space (Kesner & Creem-Regehr, 2012; Burgess, Jeffrey, & O’Keefe, 1999), previous research has not investigated the role of the peripheral visual field for the acquisition of spatial knowledge during navigation. All participants in this experiment viewed a virtual navigation tour through a four-room environment with objects located …

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Vitamin D3 And Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling Proteins Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In An Alzheimer’S Disease Like-Model Consisting Of Microglial And Neuronal Co-Cultures, Alexander Evdokiou Jan 2017

Vitamin D3 And Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling Proteins Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In An Alzheimer’S Disease Like-Model Consisting Of Microglial And Neuronal Co-Cultures, Alexander Evdokiou

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This study examined the inflammatory effects of amyloid-ß (Aß42) in a microglial-neuronal co-culture system and determined whether 1a, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) along with suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 and SOCS 3 mimetics would attenuate the inflammatory response to Aß42. This culture system, when seeded with Aß42, serves as an in vitro model for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In a neuronal-microglia co-culture, Aß42 stimulated microglia to secrete TNF-a, but with the addition of 1,25-(OH)2D3, TNF-a levels dropped by nearly eight-fold and to near zero values in the presence of both 1,25-(OH)2D3 and SOCS1 and SOCS 3 mimetics. The reduction of the inflammatory …

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Role Of Erk3 In Regulating Rhogdi1-Paks Signaling Axis, Hitham Abdulrahman Aldharee Jan 2017

Role Of Erk3 In Regulating Rhogdi1-Paks Signaling Axis, Hitham Abdulrahman Aldharee

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Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) is an atypical protein kinase of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. In comparison to well-investigated ERK1/2 (classical) MAPKs, much less has been discovered about ERK3 signaling and its cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that ERK3 is overexpressed in various types of cancers such as lung cancer and breast cancer and that ERK3 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion. How ERK3 regulates cancer cell motility and invasiveness, however, is still largely unknown. RhoGTPases, including Rho, Cdc42 and Rac1, play critical roles in regulating cell motility and invasiveness through activating downstream effectors such as p21-activated …

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The Effect Of Gram-Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Cell Wall Components Lipoteichoic Acid And Peptidoglycan On Cytokine Production, Cytoskeletal Arrangement, And Cell Viability On Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophages, Gabrielle String Jan 2017

The Effect Of Gram-Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Cell Wall Components Lipoteichoic Acid And Peptidoglycan On Cytokine Production, Cytoskeletal Arrangement, And Cell Viability On Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophages, Gabrielle String

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In this study, gram positive Staphylococcus aureus cell wall components such as lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN) were used to study the potential inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine response, cytoskeletal arrangement and cell viability on RAW264.7 murine macrophages over 24 hours. The effect of S.aureus LTA and PGN (5 [mu]g/mL) on RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated every six hours for twenty-four hours. Inflammatory cytokine (TNF-a) production peaked at 6 hours before decreasing over time. Anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) production peaked between 12 and 18 hours. During the first twenty-four hours, cytotoxicity of treated macrophages, as defined as the release of lactate …

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Identifying The Impact Of Noise On Anomaly Detection Through Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs) And Eye-Tracking, Ryan Dwight Gabbard Jan 2017

Identifying The Impact Of Noise On Anomaly Detection Through Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs) And Eye-Tracking, Ryan Dwight Gabbard

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Occupational noise frequently occurs in the work environment in military intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations. This impacts cognitive performance by acting as a stressor, potentially interfering with the analysts' decision making process. In this study the effects of different noise stimuli on analysts' performance and workload in anomaly detection were investigated by simulating a noisy work environment. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was utilized to quantify oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbD) concentration changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as behavioral measures which include eye-tracking, reaction time, and accuracy rate. It was found that HbO for some of …

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Analysis Of Well Log Data And A 2d Seismic Reflection Survey In The Vicinity Of London, Ohio, Mohammad Mohshin Jan 2017

Analysis Of Well Log Data And A 2d Seismic Reflection Survey In The Vicinity Of London, Ohio, Mohammad Mohshin

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During the summer of 2015 a 2D seismic line (WSU-2015), ~2.3km long, was collected by Wright State University along Watson Road, south of London, Ohio. This seismic line is parallel to and approximately 1/4 km south of `Line 6' of Mayhew (1969), which is one of six analog, single-fold seismic lines within the area that he studied. The focus of this research is to interpret the stratigraphy revealed by the new seismic line, especially to evaluate the existence or otherwise of a fault that Mayhew (1969) inferred in his interpretation. An important step in this new interpretation was to construct …

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Dnp63a Suppresses Cell Invasion By Targeting Rac1 Through Mir-320a, Amjad Ahmed Aljagthmi Jan 2017

Dnp63a Suppresses Cell Invasion By Targeting Rac1 Through Mir-320a, Amjad Ahmed Aljagthmi

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DNp63a, a member of the p53 family of transcription factors, is overexpressed in a number of cancers and known to play a role in proliferation, differentiation, migration and invasion. DNp63a has been shown to regulate several microRNAs that play a role in both development and cancer, but to date there has not been a global analysis of p63- regulated miRNA. Using next-generation sequencing of small RNA from wild type and sip63 transfected HaCaT cells, our laboratory recently identified a number of DNp63a- regulated miRNAs by RNA-Seq studies which may serve as biomarkers of cancer progression. We identified a novel miRNA, …

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Incorporating Passive Compliance For Reduced Motor Loading During Legged Walking, Akhil Sai Pabbu Jan 2017

Incorporating Passive Compliance For Reduced Motor Loading During Legged Walking, Akhil Sai Pabbu

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For purposes of travelling on all-terrains surfaces that are both uneven and discontinuous, legged robots have upper-hand over wheeled and tracked vehicles. The robot used in this thesis is a simulated hexapod with 3 degrees of freedom per leg. The main aim is to reduce the energy consumption of the system during walking by attaching a passive linear spring to each leg which will aid the motors and reduce the torque required while walking. Firstly, the ideal stiffness and location or the coordinates for mounting the spring is found out using gradient based algorithm called `Simultaneous Perturbation and Stochastic Approximation …

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Evaluating Mobile Information Display System In Transfer Of Care, Katelyn Berberich Jan 2017

Evaluating Mobile Information Display System In Transfer Of Care, Katelyn Berberich

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Transfer of care continuum is highly dynamic in nature and there are multiple complexities associated with man-man interaction and man-machine interaction. During transfer of patient care, which occurs from an emergency medical team (EMT) to an emergency department, adequate information related to the patient must be communicated very quickly and precisely. Challenges EMTs and emergency department personnel face are communicating and obtaining all the essential information to ensure the patient receives the best care. Providing the receiving emergency department with patient vitals and pre-hospital procedures that occurred en route could allow for enhanced preparation and improved communication during the transfer …

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Investigating Potential Pollutant Sources Causing Lack Of Biodiversity In Lytle Creek And Indian Run, Amira Moayad Alsenbel Jan 2017

Investigating Potential Pollutant Sources Causing Lack Of Biodiversity In Lytle Creek And Indian Run, Amira Moayad Alsenbel

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Limited macroinvertebrate biodiversity in Lytle Creek that runs through downtown Wilmington, Ohio has been documented over decades with the lowest in Lytle Creek at Sugar Grove Cemetery. Lytle Creek, a tributary of the Little Miami River, is a conduit for storm water and wastewater from an airport, downtown storm water with input from local businesses, and a wastewater treatment plant. This study was conducted to see if heavy metal pollution in the sediment, water quality, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) could be contributing factors in reduced macroinvertebrate populations. Eight sites were chosen for sediment sampling to measure trace metals. Mercury …

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Detection And Analysis Of Polyurethane Biodegradation Due To Cryptococcus Laurentii, Tyler Jacob Zicht Jan 2017

Detection And Analysis Of Polyurethane Biodegradation Due To Cryptococcus Laurentii, Tyler Jacob Zicht

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Current United States aircraft are equipped with a multitude of protective coatings on the interior and exterior of the vehicle, ultimately enhancing their ability to ensure a safe and effective mission. Aircraft, over the course of their lifetime, will experience impact, corrosion, weathering, and microbial damage to its defensive structures, rendering it vulnerable to attacks. Damaged coatings are then repaired on the aircraft once detected in inspection or replaced in accordance to the lifecycle of the material on the aircraft. However potentially harmful threats such as bacteria are not considered by the Air Force to be dangerous. Therefore, the purpose …

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The Impact Of Socs1 And Socs3 Peptide Mimetics On Rho And Cdc42 Proteins Expression, F-Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements, And Cytokines Production Of Uninfected And Hsv-1 Infected M1 And M2 Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophages, Maha A. Elwardany Jan 2017

The Impact Of Socs1 And Socs3 Peptide Mimetics On Rho And Cdc42 Proteins Expression, F-Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements, And Cytokines Production Of Uninfected And Hsv-1 Infected M1 And M2 Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophages, Maha A. Elwardany

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The immune system plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of HSV-1 during the lytic phase of the disease, orchestrating the inflammatory response, retaining the virus in its latent phase and preventing the recurrence of HSV-1 infection. Macrophages display a vital role in the innate and adaptive immune responses during multiple phases of HSV-1 infection. Polarized macrophages are categorized into two distinct classes with diverse functions. The classically activated M1 can engulf and destroy the microbial agents, produce proinflammatory cytokines, and participate in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. The alternatively activated M2 induces anti-inflammatory mediators and stimulates tissue remodeling …

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Impacts Of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata On Two Native Pieridae Butterflies, Anthocharis Midea And Pieris Virginiensis, Danielle Marie Thiemann Jan 2017

Impacts Of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata On Two Native Pieridae Butterflies, Anthocharis Midea And Pieris Virginiensis, Danielle Marie Thiemann

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Invasion of Alliaria petiolata has negative direct and indirect impacts on the systems in which they invade. This study focuses on further identifying impacts which this non-native A. petiolata has on herbivores whose range they have invaded. Oviposition on A. petiolata by the specialist butterfly, Pieris virginiensis, is known to be a mismatch event leading to larval death from sinigrin and alliarinoside. To observe if the related specialist, Anthocharis midea, falls into the same oviposition sink paired plot comparisons between native Cardamine concatenata and non-native A. petiolata were conducted. Early in the season paired-plot comparisons showed a preference for native …

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Measuring The Effects Of High-Fat Diet On Breathing And Oxygen-Sensitivity Of The Carotid Body Type I Cell, Ryan J. Rakoczy Jan 2017

Measuring The Effects Of High-Fat Diet On Breathing And Oxygen-Sensitivity Of The Carotid Body Type I Cell, Ryan J. Rakoczy

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The carotid bodies (CB), the primary peripheral chemoreceptors, respond to changes in blood gases with neurotransmitter release, thereby increasing carotid sinus nerve firing frequency and ultimately correcting the pattern of breathing. It has previously been demonstrated that acute application of the adipokine leptin caused perturbations of intracellular calcium and membrane ion movement in isolated CB Type I cells (Pye et al, 2015) and augmented the response of the intact CB to hypoxia (Pye et al, 2016). This study's aim was to examine, in-vivo, if elevated leptin modulated CB function and breathing. Rats were fed high-fat chow or control chow for …

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Exploring The Role Of Lipin1 In Mitophagy Process Using Lipin1 Deficient-Egfp Tagged Lc3 Transgenic Mice, Abdullah Ali Alshudukhi Jan 2017

Exploring The Role Of Lipin1 In Mitophagy Process Using Lipin1 Deficient-Egfp Tagged Lc3 Transgenic Mice, Abdullah Ali Alshudukhi

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Lipin1 (phosphatidic acid phosphatase) is a key molecule in the cells with two functions: first, it converts phosphatidic acid into diacylglycerol in the cytosol which in turn makes triglycerides. Second, in nucleus lipin1 acts as a transcriptional factor which regulates the expression of genes involved in the fatty acid oxidation and lipid metabolism. Clinically, Lpin1 gene mutations have been detected in patients with severe rhabdomyolysis accompanied with aggregated and dysfunctional mitochondria in their type II muscle fiber. Previously, we have observed that mice with lipin1 deficiency had aggregated mitochondria and abnormal autophagosomes formations by electron microscopy. The mechanism underlying the …

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Determination Of The Shape Of A Flattening Filter Free (Fff) Radiation Beam When Modified By A Physical Wedge, Kalel Alsaeed Jan 2017

Determination Of The Shape Of A Flattening Filter Free (Fff) Radiation Beam When Modified By A Physical Wedge, Kalel Alsaeed

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The determination of a flattening filter free (FFF) beam profile when the collimator is intentionally modified to incorporate a physical wedge. Specifically, radiation beam profiles change shape when a metallic wedge is placed in the path of the beam. Examination of this unknown is necessary to ascertain whether a physical wedge is clinically beneficial for applications involving FFF beams. The aim of this study is to determine if the radiation profile of a flattening filter free beam having a physical wedge is comparable to a beam with a flattening filter, with the same wedge inserted. This research involves measurement of …

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Computational Simulations Of Biomechanical Kinematics In Wsu Total Ankle Replacement Systems, Dinesh Gundapaneni Jan 2017

Computational Simulations Of Biomechanical Kinematics In Wsu Total Ankle Replacement Systems, Dinesh Gundapaneni

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Ankle arthritis constitutes about 10% of all joint arthritis cases, however, the revision rate of ankle replacement devices is three times higher than comparable hip and knee devices. With complicated bone morphology and surrounding ligament structures, the physiological and gait characteristics of the ankle joint presents a challenge to biomechanicians. As a result, there is a lack of fundamental understanding how the ligaments and articular surfaces interact. The objective of this doctoral research is to address the pattern of contact at the joint articulation, the fundamental role of ligaments in joint mobility, and biomechanics of total ankle replacement (TAR) devices. …

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Effect Of Exposure Of Raw264.7 Macrophages To Salmonella Typhimurium Components On Cell Viability, Cytoskeleton Re-Arrangement And Cytokine Secretion, Khalid Abdullah Alyahya Jan 2017

Effect Of Exposure Of Raw264.7 Macrophages To Salmonella Typhimurium Components On Cell Viability, Cytoskeleton Re-Arrangement And Cytokine Secretion, Khalid Abdullah Alyahya

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Innate immune system plays an important role in individual's protection against pathogens and in activation of adaptive immune system. Utilizing RAW 264.7 murine macrophages as an innate immune response representative in this study, we analyzed the effect of invasive pathogen's components (e.g. flagellin) on the arrangement of macrophage's cytoskeleton, on viability of immune cells and on secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and on fluorescence intensity of cytoskeleton after rearrangement. Additionally, we studied the similarity and differences between bacterial (Salmonella typhimurium) and synthetic TLR4 agonist (synthetic lipid-A) on viability, fluorescence intensity, cytokine secretion, and cytoskeleton rearrangements. Similarly, we studied the …

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Analysis Of Stretch Reflex Responses In Mice Lacking Munc18-1 In Proprioceptors, Amr Mohi Jan 2017

Analysis Of Stretch Reflex Responses In Mice Lacking Munc18-1 In Proprioceptors, Amr Mohi

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The monosynaptic stretch reflex circuit is one of the simplest circuits of the central nervous system. We studied the connection between Ia proprioceptive afferents and motor neurons that comprise the circuit, by stimulating the dorsal root and recording from the ventral root of the fourth lumbar spinal nerve. In our study, we analyzed the status of neurotransmission in the stretch reflex circuit in postnatal PV-cre; munc18-1 lox/lox conditional mutant mice. Munc18-1 is responsible for synaptic vesicular release in neurons. In the PV-cre; Munc18-1 lox/lox mutants we use, Munc18-1 is only knocked out in proprioceptive afferents and A-beta somatosensory afferents, both …

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Investigating The Role Of An Sk Channel Activator On Survival And Motor Function In The Sod1-G93a, Als Mouse Model, Matthew Thomas Dancy Jan 2017

Investigating The Role Of An Sk Channel Activator On Survival And Motor Function In The Sod1-G93a, Als Mouse Model, Matthew Thomas Dancy

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, adult-onset progressive degenerative motor neuron disease that is characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness due to the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Average survival time for individuals diagnosed with the disease is three to five years; currently there is no cure and only one drug approved by the Food and Administration (FDA). Scientists have proposed various theories in order to solve the mystery which surrounds ALS. One of these theories hypothesizes how hyperexcitability and excitotoxicity leads to the death of motor neurons. In this study, we will address ways of combatting …

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A Novel Molecular Relationship Between Parn And Pld That, When Deregulated, Contributes To The Aggressive Phenotype Of Breast Cancer Cell Lines., Taylor Elaine Miller Jan 2017

A Novel Molecular Relationship Between Parn And Pld That, When Deregulated, Contributes To The Aggressive Phenotype Of Breast Cancer Cell Lines., Taylor Elaine Miller

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The removal of mRNA transcript poly(A) tails by 3'-5' exonucleases is the rate-limiting step for controlled mRNA decay in eukaryotes. Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) is one such exonuclease that degrades poly(A) tails, and although its in vitro activity is well-characterized, PARN’s patho-physiological roles in the cell are not well understood. Prior studies have found a possible role for PARN in cancer, in that PARN expression levels in human breast cancer tissues are often decreased compared to normal control tissues. Indeed, data mined from the ONCOMINE cancer array database showed that PARN is downregulated in patient invasive breast carcinoma samples compared to …

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Antimicrobial Activity Of Fractionated Borohydride-Capped And Electrochemical Colloidal Silver, Marjorie M. Markopoulos Jan 2017

Antimicrobial Activity Of Fractionated Borohydride-Capped And Electrochemical Colloidal Silver, Marjorie M. Markopoulos

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and ionic silver (Ag+) are known to be broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Recent studies show these agents may be an alternative to the most widely used drinking water disinfectant, chlorine. Chlorine is a toxic industrial chemical with a lethal concentration of 430 ppm after 30 minutes. Additionally, chlorine can react with naturally occurring materials to produce a number of disinfection byproducts such as chloroform and trihalomethanes. Some of these byproducts pose cancer risks in addition to other negative impacts to human health. These would be eliminated with the use of Ag+ or AgNPs. The main goal of this …

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