Digital Commons Network^™

Using 210po/210pb Disequilibria To Characterize The Biogeochemistry And Quantify The Dynamics Of Sea Ice In The Arctic, Katherine Denise Krupp

Wayne State University Theses

Understanding the biogeochemical cycles of the Arctic Ocean is highly significant due to its many unique characteristics which impact the cycling of important trace elements, isotopes, and nutrients. Furthermore, with its seasonally-changing sea ice extent and substantial role in the global radiation balance, the Arctic is considered a sensitive indicator of global change. The study of 210Po and 210Pb disequilibria is used to determine 1) the residence time of ice-rafted sediments in sea ice, 2) ice floe dynamics such as ice accumulation rates, and 3) biogeochemical characterization of the Arctic due to the natural occurrence and particle reactivity of 210Po …

Redox Responsive Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles And Cd44 Targeted Nanomicelles For Selective Cancer Therapy, Zhaoxian Wang

Wayne State University Theses

Redox-responsive cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) can play a versatile role in cancer therapy due to their ability to induce oxidative stress under proper pH conditions. Hyaluronic acid micelles with a high affinity to CD44 receptor which achieved more cytotoxicity towards cancer cells. The polymer-coated CNPs and HA-SMA-TPGS-CDF nanomicelles were developed for cancer therapy. The results showed that the toxicity of CNPs in tumor cells was mediated by the pro-oxidant property of CNPs under relative low pH conditions (pH~6.5) of the tumor microenvironment whereas CNPs play a (cytoprotective) anti-oxidant role, scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative stress under normal pH …

Endocrine-Disrupting Properties Of Pharmaceuticals And Personal Care Products (Ppcps): An Evaluation Using Aquatic Model Organisms, Manahil Monshi

Wayne State University Theses

Thousands of chemicals have introduced into the environment as a result of human activity since the industrial revolution, and the U.S. Government Accountability Office has estimated that as many as 1,500 new chemical entities are synthesized each year ("Key Issues: Toxic Chemicals - High Risk Issue," 2017). Many of these chemicals are now found in surface water and ground water and can have detrimental effects on environmental health and on human health. This anthropogenic contamination has resulted in the labeling of the diverse array of chemicals found in water, which are not routinely monitored or regulated, as contaminants of emerging …

The Effect Of Oil Palm Phenolics (Opp) And Curcumin On Plasma Metabolomic Profile In Atherogenic Diet Induced Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad), Soniya Katekar

Wayne State University Theses

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widely recognized reason for dementia in the aging population. It is described by intellectual decay and deposition of ß-amyloid plaques in the hippocampus. It has been demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia incited by elevated cholesterol abstain from food is related with AD advancement. Expanded level of oxidative stress has additionally been seen in AD patients. An essential methodology to treat or postpone the disability depends on dietary change, utilizing nourishment supplements. OPP, a water-soluble fraction from oil palm fruit, rich in phenolics has been found to possess significant antioxidant activities. Curcumin, a polyphenol extricated from the …

Mental Health Service Utilization Among At-Risk Urban Adolescents: The Relative Contributions Of Perceived Need, Attitude, And Spirituality/Religiosity, Yi Tak Tsang

Wayne State University Theses

Adolescence has been described as “a time of storm and stress” (Arnett, 1999; Hall, 1904). In fact, a national survey in the United States estimated that adolescents were twice as likely than adults to report at least one major depressive episode in the past 12 months (Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2016). In particular, adolescents who are poor, who belong to ethnic minority groups, and who live in urban neighborhoods are more vulnerable to mood and behavioral symptoms than their White/Caucasian counterparts who grow up in relatively affluent suburban and rural areas (Beyers, Bates, Pettit, & Dodge, 2003; …

An Empirical Demonstration Of The Need For Exact Tests, Vance W. Berger

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The robustness of parametric analyses is rarely questioned or qualified. Robustness, generally understood, means the exact and approximate p-values will lie on the same side of alpha for any reasonable data set; and 1) any data set would qualify as reasonable and 2) robustness holds universally, for all alpha levels and approximations. For this to be true, the approximation would need to be perfect all of the time. Any discrepancy between the approximation and the exact p-value, for any combination of alpha level and data set, would constitute a violation. Clearly, this is not true, and when confronted with this …

Quality Evaluation Of Data Management Plans At A Research University, James E. Van Loon, Katherine G. Akers, Cole Hudson, Alexandra Sarkozy

Library Scholarly Publications

With the emergence of the National Science Foundation (NSF) requirement for data management plans (DMPs), academic librarians have increasingly aided researchers in developing DMPs and disseminating research data. To determine the overall quality of DMPs at Wayne State University, the Library System’s Research Data Services (RDS) team evaluated the content of 119 DMPs from NSF grant proposals submitted between 2012 and 2014. The results of our content analysis indicate that, while most researchers understand the need to share data, many DMPs fail to adequately describe the data generated by the project, how data will be managed during the project, or …

Biased And Broken Bodies Of Proof: White Heteropatriarchy, The Grand Jury Process, And Performance On Unarmed Black Flesh, Blanche Bong Cook

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Structure & Simulation: Growth And Evolution In Generative Music, Dane Filipczak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis describes a series of original interactive computer music compositions that are structured around simulations of natural phenomena. The relationship between simulation and music composition is considered and found to be a likely site of high creative potential due to both domains’ concern with process and becoming as opposed to static artifacts. The medium of the web application is considered as an ideal site for contemporary musical experimentation and a portrait is given of the current affordances and constraints of browser-based applications. Five musical systems are described within the context of their simulation and design techniques and some reflections …

A Cacrep-Informed Counselor Educator Developmental Model: Identifying Counselor Skills And Supports Needed For Neophyte Counselor Educators, Ryan Bowers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The field of counseling has been undergoing radical change for the past 40 years as it changes with the demands of the population and as new problems arise with changes in societal needs. Groups such as the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs are working to create a program of counselor education that is singular and comprehensive to meet the needs of these changes. This mixed-methods study explored skills and supports that are needed to help counseling education students become effective future counselor educators. The researcher introduces a model of counselor educator development that will help to …

An Ethical Framework For Global Governance For Health Research, Kiarash Aramesh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Global Governance is the way by which various affairs of human social life at the global scale are governed in the absence of a global governance. This field is composed of complex networks of role players. Global Health Governance is a branch of Global Governance that governs the health-related affairs. An important branch of this huge complex of networks that has not been analyzed sufficiently in the scholarly literature yet is Global Governance for Health Research. Global health research, although it is a part of global health affairs, has its own features and conditions that bring about its specific issues …

The Lived Experiences Of School Counselors Participating In Yoga: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study Of Self-Care, Susan Giovengo-Gurrera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of school counselors participating in yoga. The primary objective of this research was to gain a thick, rich understanding of how school counselors experience the practice of yoga. A secondary objective of this study was to gain an understanding of how the regular practice of yoga can serve as a method of self-care for school counselors. This qualitative, phenomenologically-oriented study employed van Manen’s (1990) four lived existentials, Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) bio-ecological model of human development, and current mindfulness literature as its theoretical underpinnings.

School counselors regularly face many issues that …

Toward A Theory Of Action: Opportunities Embedded In Counseling Theory For School Counselors To Improve Their Perceptions Of And Approaches Toward Their Relationship With Their School Principals, Stephanie A. Mchugh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study employed perceptions of school counselors relative to their relationships with their principals in order to investigate a theory of action that employs the skills and strategies embedded in counseling theory to identify courses of action that counselors can use to improve the principal-counselor relationship. School counselors attending national and state counselor conferences (N=31) responded to a prompt asking for the perceived strengths and weaknesses of their principal-counselor relationship, and the barriers they perceived to improving the relationship. Responses were analyzed using a close reading process that applied a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats (SWOT) framework to the responses and identified emergent themes …

The Ethical Right To Healthcare In The Affordable Care Act, Stella Morden

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since the passage of the Affordable Care Act, It has been questioned whether the right to healthcare in it can be ethically justified. The objection to a right to healthcare in general has been prominent over many decades in the U.S. The concern over higher personal taxes, quality care, and national debt steered the opposition. Responding to these concerns has a direct effect on each individual in society. In particular, the lack of healthcare is very significant.

The idea of a comprehensive national healthcare in the United States caught the attention of the public in the 1970s. It was inspired …

Revamping The United States Organ Donation System: An Ethical Justification For Compensated Live Organ Donation, Jordan Potter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With over 100,000 Americans currently on organ waiting lists in the United States, the mass shortage of viable organs for transplantation is one of the most pressing healthcare issues that we face as a country today. Thousands of these individuals on organ waiting lists will ultimately die waiting on an organ transplant that will never come. Many differing proposals have been discussed with the aim of increasing organ donation rates and the raw number of organs available for transplant, including changing our default consent status for cadaveric organ donation and the option of incentivizing organ donation by compensating live donors …

Water Quality Analysis Of Watersheds In Southwestern Pennsylvania, Linnea Ellen Manley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Concerns over the potential impacts of extractive activities on water quality have long existed. Hydraulic fracturing has now become common in Pennsylvania, but whether it has impacted water resources is still unclear. Previous studies have been done on localized areas often focusing on county or municipality boundaries. However, as water follows watershed boundaries this work aimed to study water quality at the watershed level. Four hundred forty-four groundwater samples were collected from the water wells of homeowner volunteers and three hundred twenty-two surface water samples were collected from streams throughout Southwestern Pennsylvania in areas with and without unconventional drilling at …

Barriers And Facilitators To Diabetes Self-Management In A Primary Care Setting – Patient And Physician Perspectives, Rahul Khairnar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

OBJECTIVES: To identify patient- and physician-perceived barriers to self-management of type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and explore the challenges physicians face in managing these patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study of T2DM patients and their physicians used a mixed-methods approach (combination of patient survey and electronic medical record (EMR) database). A random stratified sample of 2,100 patients (age≥18 years) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM (ICD-9 code: 250.xx) and having ≥2 physician visits was selected from a large physician group’s EMR database, and based on HbA1c level, was categorized into three groups: HbA1c<7, 7–9, and >9. Patients were administered a survey containing standardized instruments to …

Cultural Care And Inviting Practices: Building Relationships In An Urban Elementary School. Teacher Perspectives In Forming Positive Teacher-Student Relationships Based On Care And Equity, Eva J. Allen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation in practice investigates teacher perceptions of the influence of cultural care and invitational education (IE) on the formation of a positive teacher-student relationship with students of color in an urban elementary school. Cultural care is a theory of practice that utilizes a social-emotional approach for school improvement and to promote positive student outcomes. It is defined as a verbal or nonverbal gesture that displays a genuine interest in another person’s social, emotional, mental, and physical well-being; simultaneously recognizing and acknowledging race and culture as a vital part of a person’s identity. Cultural care must include respecting, valuing, and …

Trauma And Aggression In Juvenile Offenders, Cassandra M. Berbary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Indirect aggression has been found to be more common among females than males and may be an unconsidered contribution to aggression shown in delinquent girls. Although there are no research studies to date that have investigated the link between relational aggression and law violations, there are some studies that have considered indirect and overt aggression in females; however, this research has been largely inconclusive. An additional obstacle for offenders is the presence of previous traumas, which has been closely linked to both overt and indirect aggression. Although both males and females in the juvenile justice system are likely to have …

Structure Or Knot: What Phenomenology And Asperger’S Syndrome Can Teach Lacanian Psychoanalysis About Subjective Constitution, Shannon D. Kelly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research project examines Asperger’s Syndrome (now, with the DSM 5, Autism Spectrum Disorder) through the lens of Lacanian psychoanalysis and speaks to current debates in the field regarding the structural diagnosis of autism. Framed by critiques of Lacanian psychoanalysis, the project takes up autism and treatments for the disorder from within mainstream psychological approaches, from the viewpoint of neurodiversity and autistic self-advocates, and from within Lacanian psychoanalysis, with specific attention paid to the diagnostic approach in Lacanian thinking and the assumed relationship between autism and psychosis. Four published autobiographies written by autistic adults were subjected to two types of …

Impact Of Anti-Viral Immunity On Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Activity And Implications For Cns Development, Apurva Kulkarni

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Viral infection and inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) can cause neuropathology, particularly in the prenatal and neonatal stages. Severe damage to the CNS may result from cytopathic effects of viral infection or from the immune response that may lyse virally-infected cells or release inflammatory mediators to mediate viral clearance. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NPSCs) are multipotent cells in the CNS that are often disrupted by neurotropic viral infections. They may be directly infected by the virus or respond to inflammatory cytokines released from resident as well as infiltrating immune cells. This bystander effect may affect NSPC differentiation and proliferation …

Paul Ricoeur's Hermeneutics Of The Self: Living In The Truth, Fergus James Laughland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the relationship of selfhood and ethics from the competing philosophical frameworks developed by Paul Ricoeur and Alain Badiou. Seeking “nothing short of a full victory” on the “battlefield” of history, Badiou argues that Ricoeur deceives his readers by hiding the relationship of the self to history. The purpose of this deception is to defend a definition of history that allows for a Providential sense of history whereby the past could be actively forgotten whereby crimes could be forgiven. In this work I examine Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the self as developed in Oneself as Another (Soi-même comme …

Examining The Relationship Between Technology & Engineering Instruction And Technology & Engineering Literacy In K-8 Education, Tamarra L. Mitchell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between technology and engineering instruction and technology and engineering literacy in grades K-8. The factors identified and used for the purpose of this study were gender, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and important modes of technology and engineering instruction. These factors were evaluated to determine their relationship to student achievement scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 2014 Technology and Engineering Literacy (TEL) assessment. Eight important modes of technology and engineering instruction were identified including: (1) choices people make that affect the environment, (2) inventions changing the way people live, …

Phylogeny, Psychology, And The Vicissitudes Of Human Development: The Anxiety Of Atavism, Frank Pittenger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This cross-disciplinary dissertation provides a missing intellectual history of an ostensibly dead idea. Once widely held and no less elegant for its obsolescence, the principle of biogenetic recapitulation is best remembered by its defining mantra, “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.” Among psychologists and sociologists as well as embryologists, the notion that the development of any individual organism repeats in compressed, miniaturized form the entire history of its species enjoyed broad (if not uncontested) acceptance through the early twentieth century. The author reexamines the origins of this theory in the work of Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel, and traces its influence in psychology …

A Bioethics Tool For The Implementation Of Global Principles By The Pharmaceutical Industry, Daniel J. Hurst

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to scandals of scientific misconduct, a climate of mistrust of science exists amongst the general public. This becomes of concern when we acknowledge that it is difficult for science and technology to flourish without broad societal trust. The pharmaceutical industry has often felt the brunt of such mistrust and has suffered many reputational setbacks over the past several years. Such reputational decline has a strong moral dimension, as it stems from issues such as the questionable conduct of clinical trials, pricing schemas, and access to medicines for low- or middle-income countries. The end product of such issues is the …

Dna Metabarcoding Reveals Provisioning Of Pollution-Sensitive Aquatic Insects, Resource Partitioning, And Dietary Shifts Among Breeding Neotropical Migratory Songbirds In A Riparian Habitat, Brian K. Trevelline

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Elucidating the diet of Neotropical migratory birds is essential to our understanding of their ecology and to their long-term conservation. Beyond broad taxonomic or morphological categories, however, the diet of Neotropical migrants is poorly documented. Using the molecular techniques of DNA barcoding and next-generation sequencing, we elucidated the diet of Neotropical migratory songbirds breeding in the riparian zones of headwater Appalachian streams. This approach resulted in a genus- or species-level description of diets that improved the current understanding of how songbirds utilize aquatic prey resources in riparian habitats. Furthermore, our approach revealed that breeding songbirds partition prey resources within a …

Examining The Role Of Ethnic Identity In The Relationship Between Characteristics Of Autism Spectrum Disorders And Eating Disorders, Ashley Bojorquez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present work provides a synthetic literature review investigating the potential role of ethnic identity in the relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and eating disorders (EDs). To date, there is no literature that directly examines the role that ethnic identity may play in the relationship between these two disorders. However, there is reason to believe it may; previous literature has shown that race/ethnicity plays a role in both of these disorders, and the role of ethnic identity has been more fully explored in the ED population. Notably, there is little research that examines the role of ethnic identity on …

Primate Proteomic Composition Of Seminal Plasma And Prostate-Specific Transglutaminase Activity In Relation To Sexual Selection., Amanda M.C. Zielen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Humans (Homo sapiens), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) have diverse mating systems with varying levels of sperm competition. Several seminal plasma genes have been claimed to evolve under positive selection, while others are altered or lost. This study aims to identify biologically relevant differences among seminal plasma proteomes of primates in relation to mating systems and previous genomic studies. Seminal plasma from three individuals of each species were run in triplicate in shotgun liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and confirmed with Western blots. Over 7,000 peptides were identified across all …

Discovery Of Pyrimidine-Based Heterocycles As Single Agents With Combination Chemotherapy Potential And As Inhibitors Of Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis For The Treatment Of Cancer, Rishabh Mohan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation describes the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of monocyclic and bicyclic pyrimidine-base heterocycles as single agents with combination chemotherapy potential having both antiangiogenic effects and cytotoxic effects. This dissertation also describes selective tumor targeting with 5-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines analogs with heteroatom bridge substitution as GARFTase inhibitors.

The work in this dissertation is centered on identifying structural features that are necessary for inhibition of tubulin polymerization as well as for inhibition of one or more of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)- vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2), platelet derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) and epidermal growth factor receptor …

Target Based Design And Synthesis Of Heterocycles In The Potential Treatment Of Cancer And Opportunistic Infection, Shruti Choudhary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Dose limiting toxicity and development of multidrug resistance by the tumors are the major limitations of current cancer chemotherapy. Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) are a structurally diverse set of compounds that disrupt microtubule dynamics and exert their anticancer effect. Among the various classes of such agents, the colchicine site binding agents are particularly important as they circumvent the Pgp and β-III tubulin mediated clinical resistance. These resistance mechanisms, when manifested, are a major reason for the failure of clinically used agents such as taxanes and vinca alkaloids. A series of monocyclic pyrimidine analogs were designed and synthesized as colchicine site …